acacia – context-aware edge computing for continuous ...jmanbal/paper/acacia-slides.pdf · •a...

ACACIA – Context-aware Edge Computing for

Continuous Interactive Applications over

Mobile Networks

Junguk Cho, Jacobus Van der Merwe,

Karthikeyan Sundaresan, Rajesh Mahindra,

and Sampath Rangarajan

1

• Emerging Continuous Interactive (CI) mobile applications at scale

Continuous Interactive (CI) Mobile Apps

2

• Emerging Continuous Interactive (CI) mobile applications at scale• Example of Continuous Interactive (CI) mobile apps


3


• Augmented reality (AR)


4


• Augmented reality (AR) • Face Recognition


5


• Augmented reality (AR) • Face Recognition• Virtual Reality (VR)


6


• Augmented reality (AR) • Face Recognition• Virtual Reality (VR)• Autonomous driving


7

Characteristics of CI Mobile Apps• Highly responsive (~ 100 ms)

• Overlay information (graphics, text or video) should be shown in real-time

• Intensive computation • Too slow to run completely on mobile devices

• Have centralized databases in the server

8

Enablers for CI Mobile Apps

9

Computation offloading to cloud


10

Mobile network


11


12

User Context


13

Each Components Have Evolved a Lot

14

Standalone Approach Is Not Sufficient• The end to end latency of CI apps is affected by various factors

• Network conditions (bandwidth & latency)• Application computation latency (object matching computation)

15

Standalone Approach Is Not Sufficient• The end to end latency of CI apps is affected by various factors

• Network conditions (bandwidth & latency)• Application computation latency (object matching computation)

• Each approach treats others as blackbox• Computation offloading framework

• No consideration of mobile network complexities

• Evolving mobile network & context information• No well-defined protocol and interface to make synergies among them

16

?

Need a General and Holistic E2E Approach

Application

Mobile Network

User Context

17

Key Questions?

18

How should the three entities (application, network, and user) be jointly orchestrated and combined in a service abstraction over mobile networks to enable CI mobile applications?

?

Application

Mobile Network

User Context

ACACIA

•A service abstraction frameworks could be provided by mobile operators

19

ACACIA


•A general and holistic end-to-end approach to enabling CI services on edge clouds over mobile network

20

ACACIA


•A general and holistic end-to-end approach to enabling CI services on edge clouds over mobile network

• Leverage client context information through LTE-direct• Orchestrate three entities • Optimize both network and application processing

21

ACACIA Usecase – Retail Mall

22

AR Available in Laptop Section

Laptop

SALESMAN


AR Available in Food Section

Food SALESMAN

23


Laptop

SALESMAN



Food SALESMAN

24

Retail App

“Interest” in laptop

Laptop

SALESMAN


Food SALESMAN

Retail App


“Interest” Match

“Interest” non- Match

25



Laptop

SALESMAN


Food SALESMAN

Retail AR App


Mobile Edge Clouds

Retail AR server

26



ACACIA Architecture

27

User Context Discovery

28

ACACIA Mobile Edge Network

29

Context-aware Application Optimization

30

User Context Discovery

31

Android Framework

SUBSCRIBER

Modem(LTE)

Sub/CI

App

ACACIA

device

manager

• Works as a proxy between CI apps and LTE modem

ACACIA Device Manager

32

Push“Interest”

DISCOVERYSUBSCRIBE

FILTER

Android Framework

PUBLISHER

Modem(LTE)

Pub App

ACACIA

device

manager

DISCOVERYPUBLISH FILTER

Android Framework

SUBSCRIBER

Modem(LTE)

Sub/CI

App

ACACIA

device

manager



33

DISCOVERYSUBSCRIBE

FILTER

Android Framework

PUBLISHER

Modem(LTE)

Pub App

ACACIA

device

manager


Listen

Android Framework

SUBSCRIBER

Modem(LTE)

Sub/CI

App

ACACIA

device

manager



34

DISCOVERYSUBSCRIBE

FILTER

Android Framework

PUBLISHER

Modem(LTE)

Pub App

ACACIA

device

manager


Listen

Push “Service”

Android Framework

SUBSCRIBER

Modem(LTE)

Sub/CI

App

ACACIA

device

manager



35

DISCOVERYSUBSCRIBE

FILTER

Android Framework

PUBLISHER

Modem(LTE)

Pub App

ACACIA

device

manager


Listen LTE-DirectBROADCAST

Android Framework

SUBSCRIBER

Modem(LTE)

Sub/CI

App

ACACIA

device

manager



36

DISCOVERYSUBSCRIBE

FILTER

Android Framework

PUBLISHER

Modem(LTE)

Pub App

ACACIA

device

manager


LTE-DirectBROADCAST

IF MATCH ?

• Manage the network connectivity on demand


37

First Match

• Manage the network connectivity on demand


38

First Match

39


LTE GW-U

Internet

Mobile Edge Clouds

CI Server

Local LTE GW-U

40


Mobile CoreComponent

eNodeB

LTE GW-U

Internet

Mobile Edge Clouds

CI Server

CI APP

Local LTE GW-U

41



eNodeB

LTE GW-U

Internet

Mobile Edge Clouds

CI Server

CI APP

Local LTE GW-U

42



eNodeB

LTE GW-U

Internet

Mobile Edge Clouds

CI Server

Local LTE GW-U

43



eNodeB

LTE GW-U

Internet

Mobile Edge Clouds

CI Server

Local LTE GW-U

44



eNodeB

• On demand connectivity• Reduce control overhead due to two always-on connectivity

• Fine-grained CI traffic control in LTE eNodeB and LTE GWs based on service types

• No Impact on the rest of traffic

• Cost effective • Without deploying middlebox for selective CI traffic

• 3GPP standard compatible • Without modification of eNodeB, LTE interfaces and protocol

Requirements of ACACIA Mobile Edge Network

45

• On demand connectivity• Reduce control overhead due to two always-on connectivity

• Fine-grained CI traffic control in LTE eNodeB and LTE GWs based on service types

• No Impact on the rest of traffic

• Cost effective • Without deploying middlebox for selective CI traffic

• 3GPP standard compatible • Without modification of eNodeB, LTE interfaces and protocol

Requirements of ACACIA Mobile Edge Network

46

LTE/EPC QoS bearer framework with LTE Gateways using SDN & NFV

• Request mobile edge clouds connectivity

47

Steps to Set up Mobile Edge Connectivity

LTE GW-U

Internet

ACACIADeviceManager

Mobile Edge Clouds

CI Server

CI APP

Local LTE GW-U


eNodeBFirst Match

• LTE/EPC QoS bearer framework

48


LTE GW-U

Internet

ACACIADeviceManager

Mobile Edge Clouds

CI Server

CI APP

Local LTE GW-U


eNodeB

• LTE/EPC QoS bearer framework

49


LTE GW-U

Internet

ACACIADeviceManager

Mobile Edge Clouds

CI Server

CI APP

Local LTE GW-U


eNodeB

• LTE Gateways using SDN & NFV

50


LTE GW-U

Internet

ACACIADeviceManager

Mobile Edge Clouds

CI Server

CI APP

Local LTE GW-U


eNodeB


51


LTE GW-U

Internet

ACACIADeviceManager

Mobile Edge Clouds

CI Server

CI APP

Local LTE GW-U


eNodeB


52


LTE GW-U

Internet

ACACIADeviceManager

Mobile Edge Clouds

CI Server

CI APP

Local LTE GW-U


eNodeB

Traffic classification in LTE modembased on 5 tuples or other info

ServiceInterests

53

?

?

ServiceInterests

54

Mobile Edge Network

> 1 sec

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

Ob

ject

Mat

chin

g Ti

me

(se

c)

1440 * 1080 Image

1 Object 5 Objects 10 Objects 25 Objects 50 Objects

Application Processing is Still Heavy

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Database pruning!

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1.2

Ob

ject

Mat

chin

g Ti

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(se

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1440 * 1080 Image

1 Object 5 Objects 10 Objects 25 Objects 50 Objects

Application Optimization

56


57

User Location Context

58

Geo-tagged

AR Database

Section 0 User Loc

Searching space

(section 6)

User Location Context

59

• Use standard trilateration localization

Geo-tagged

AR Database

Section 0 User Loc

Searching space

(section 6)

Publishers as Landmarks

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• Use standard trilateration localization• Publishers act as landmarks• Use rxPower values from every service discovery message

Geo-tagged

AR Database

Publishers

(Landmarks)Section 0


61

AR

Front-end

Mobile device

ACACIA

device manager

CI Server on Edge Cloud

(Trilateration solver)

LTE-direct

Localization Manager

Matcher

Frames

(rxPower,

Landmark nam

e)

(Discovery msg,

rxPower)

User Context Data AR Data

AR

Back-end


62

AR

Front-end

Mobile device

ACACIA

device manager



LTE-direct


Matcher

Frames

(rxPower,

Landmark nam

e)

(Discovery msg,

rxPower)


AR

Back-end


63

AR

Front-end

Mobile device

ACACIA

device manager



LTE-direct


Matcher

Frames

(rxPower,

Landmark nam

e)

(Discovery msg,

rxPower)


AR

Back-endDB

Get images

for cell 6

Searching

space (cell 6)

LandmarksCell 0


64

AR

Front-end

Mobile device

ACACIA

device manager



LTE-direct


Matcher

Frames

(rxPower,

Landmark nam

e)

(Discovery msg,

rxPower)


AR

Back-endDB

Get images

for cell 6

Searching

space (cell 6)

LandmarksCell 0


65

AR

Front-end

Mobile device

ACACIA

device manager



LTE-direct


Matcher

Frames

(rxPower,

Landmark nam

e)

(Discovery msg,

rxPower)


AR

Back-endDB

Get images

for cell 6

Searching

space (cell 6)

LandmarksCell 0

66

LocationDatabase pruning

?

67

ServiceInterestsLocation

Database pruning

Mobile Edge Network

• Use OpenEPC for LTE core network components (MME, PCRF, PCEF)

• ACACIA mobile edge network• Extend OpenEPC to support split LTE Gateways and QoS framework• Use Open vSwitch and Ryu SDN controller for Local LTE gateways

• ACACIA Device Manager• Implement it as Android Service using Messenger class in android

• AR-based Retail Application• Pub-Sub GUI application• Use OpenCV library (SURF) for object matching• Geo-tagged object database• Trilateration localization solver

ACACIA Implementation

68

LTE IP.access (small cell)

One+ One

OpenEPC Core Network+ GW-Us + MEC server

LTE Basestation

OpenEPC Core Network

GW-Us

MEC

MEC server

One+ One

http://phantomnet.org/ACACIA Evaluation

69

• Microbenchmark• ACACIA standard compliance• LTE GW performance• LTE-direct localization accuracy

• Impact of network optimization• Impact of application optimization• End-to-end evaluation

ACACIA Evaluation Criteria

70

• Microbenchmark• ACACIA standard compliance• LTE GW performance• LTE-direct localization accuracy

• Impact of network optimization• Impact of application optimization• End-to-end evaluation

ACACIA Evaluation Criteria

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Benchmark : AR application with geo-tagged AR DB ( 105 objects in 21 sections)

End-to-end Evaluation

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Match Compute Network Total

End

-to

-En

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ncy

(se

c)

ACACIA MEC CLOUD

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ACACIA MEC CLOUD

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ACACIA MEC CLOUD

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End

-to

-En

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ncy

(se

c)

ACACIA MEC CLOUD

ACACIA << MEC << CLOUD 75


• Propose ACACIA - a service abstraction framework to enable CI apps

• Give insights to design mobile edge computing and usecase of LTE-direct on 5G network

• Validate ACACIA design with smartphones, LTE base station and Software-based EPC

https://wiki.phantomnet.org/wiki/phantomnet/acacia

Conclusion

76

acacia – context-aware edge computing for continuous ...jmanbal/paper/acacia-slides.pdf · •a...

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