ABC Book of History

Shardee Henderson2nd period

May 19, 2011

Abolitionist A person who strongly favors

during away with slavery

Adams, Samuel Started an

organization called the Sons of Liberty

Amendment An addition to a formal

document such as the Constitution

Anthony, Susan B. Organized the country’s

first women’s temperance association

Boston Massacre March 5, 1770, angry

towns people moved through the streets of

Boston. That angered the British soldiers and they

fired and killed 5 colonist.

Blockade Cut off area by means of troops or warships to stop supplies or people

from coming in or going out; to close off cities ports

Bessemer Process Used blasts of cold air

to burn off impurities from heated iron

Bill of Rights, EnglishProvided an important model for the American Bill of Rights

Canal An artificial waterway

Cash Crop Farm crop raised to be sold for

money

Census Official count of a

population

Cotton Gin A machine that

removed seeds from cotton fiber

Drought Long period of time

with little rainfall

Daughter of Liberty Urged Americans to wear

there own goods

Declaration of Independence

A document Thomas Jefferson wrote to declare there independence from

Great Britain

Dix, Dorthea Educated the public about poor conditions of the mentally

ill and the prisoners

Electoral College A special group of voters selected by their states voters to vote for the president and

vice president

Enlightenment Movement during the 1700’s that

knowledge, reason, and science could improve society

Emancipate To free from slavery

Executive Branch The branch of government,

headed by the president, that carries out the nation’s

law and policies

Fort Sumter First battle of the civil

War

Franklin, Benjamin an inventor and author, helped write the Declaration

of Independence

French and Indian War

War in America in which French and its Indian allies opposed England (1754-

1760)

French Revolution In 1789, overthrew the

monarchy of the Bourbons and the Napoleons overthrow of the Directory and seized the

power in 1799

Guerrilla WarfareA hit and run technique used

in fighting a war

Gold Rush A large scale and hasty

movement of people to a region where gold has been discovered ,

in California in 1849

Guerrilla TacticsReferring to surprise attacks

of raids rather than organized warfare

Grant, Ulysses S. 18th president of the

United States 1869-1877: Union general in the Civil

War

Human Rights Fundamental rights that

belong to an individual

Hamilton, Alexander The 1st Secretary of the

Treasury (1789-11797)

Henry , PatrickAmerican patriot

House of Burgesses Assembly of representation

colonial Virginia

Implied Powers Powers not specifically

mentioned in the Constitution

Interchangeably Parts Uniform pieces that can be

made in large quantities to replace other identical parts

Industrial Revolution The change from a agrarian

society to one based on industry which began in Great

Britain and spread to the United States around 1800

Internal Improvements Federal projects such as

canals and roads, to develop the nations transportation

system

Jackson, AndrewU.S. general; 7th president of the

United States (1829- 1837)

Judicial Review The right of the Supreme Court to

determine if the law violates the Constitution

Jay, John 1st Chief Justice of the U.S.

(1789- 1795)

Jefferson, Thomas United States diplomat, architect, and author; 3rd president of the United

States

Knox, Henry American Revolutionary

general; 1st U.S. Secretary of War (1785- 1794)

Keelboat Shallow freight boat , that has keel to permit sailing in

the wind

Kansas-Nebraska Act An act of Congress in 1854

annulling the Missouri Compromise

Loyalist American colonists who

remained loyal to Britain and opposed the war for

independence

Legislative Branch The branch of government that makes the nation’s laws

Laissez-Faire A policy that government should interfere as little as

possible in the nations economy

Log Cabin Campaign Name given to William Henry Harrison’s campaign for the presidency in 1840

Manifest Destiny The in popular in the U.S. during the 1800’s that the country must expand its boundaries if the Pacific

Mayflower CompactA formal document, written

in 1620, that provided law and order to the Plymouth

colony

Marshall, John United States general; Secretary of State (1947-

1949)

Minutemen Companies of civilian

soldiers that say they were ready to fight at a minutes

notice