a summary of the distributed system concepts and architectures
DESCRIPTION
A Summary of the Distributed System Concepts and Architectures. Gayathri V.R. Kunapuli [email protected]. OUTLINE. Overview of Operating System basics Transparency Distributed System Services Communication Network Protocols Distributed Systems Major Design Issues - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
OUTLINE
Overview of Operating System basics Transparency Distributed System Services Communication Network Protocols Distributed Systems Major Design Issues Distributed Computing Environment
Overview of Operating System Basics
• Definition of an Operating System• Functions• Components• Evolution of Operating Systems
Definition of an Operating System
• An operating system is the program that, after being initially loaded into the computer by a boot program, manages all the other programs in a computer. The other programs are called applications or application programs. The application programs make use of the operating system by making requests for services through a defined application program interface (API) and the users can interact directly with the operating system through a user interface such as a command language or a graphical user interface (GUI).
Functions of an Operating System
• multiplexing the processor(s)• scheduling processes• coordinating interaction among processes,
interprocess communication and synchronization• managing system resources (I/O, memory, data files)• enforcing access control and protection• maintaining system integrity and performing error
recovery• providing an interface to the users
Components of an Operating System
• Shell-Special application to facilitate User Interaction
• Kernel-Software that contains core components of
Operating System
Typical OS components
• Processor Scheduler• Memory Manager• I/O Manager• InterProcess Communication Manager• File System Manager
Evolution of Operating System
• 1. Centralized operating system: resource management and extended machine to support Virtuality
• 2. Network operating system: resource sharing to achieve Interoperability
• 3. Distributed operating system: a single computer view of a multiple-computer system for Transparency
• 4. Cooperative autonomous system: cooperative work with Autonomicity
OUTLINE
• Overview of Operating System Basics• Transparency• Distributed System Services• Communication Network Protocols• Distributed Systems Major Design Issues• Distributed Computing Environment
Transparency
• Concealment from the user and the application programmer of the separation of components in a distributed system, so that the system is perceived as a whole than rather as a collection of independent components.
Types of Transparencies• Access• Location• Migration• Failure• Replication• Concurrency• Performance• Parallelism• Scaling• Revision• Security• Persistence• Reocation
OUTLINE
• Overview of Operating System Basic• Transparency• Distributed System Services• Communication Network Protocols• Distributed Systems Major Design Issues• Distributed Computing Environment
Distributed System Services• Access to I/O devices.• Controlled access to files• Program development• Editors and debuggers.• System access• Program execution• Error detection and response• Internal and external hardware errors• Memory error.• Device failure.• Software errors• Arithmetic overflow• Accounting• Collect usage statistics.• Monitor performance.• Apart from these, it also provides the Primitive Services, System Services and Value Added
Services.
OUTLINE
• Overview of Operating System Basic• Transparency• Distributed System Services• Communication Network Protocols• Distributed Systems Major Design Issues• Distributed Computing Environment
Communication Network Protocol
• OSI Protocols
• TCP/IP Protocol
OUTLINE
• Overview of Operating System Basic• Transparency• Distributed System Services• Communication Network Protocols• Distributed Systems Major Design Issues• Distributed Computing Environment
Summary of Design Issues
Issue
• Communication, Synchronization, distributed algorithms
• Process scheduling, deadlock handling, load balancing
• Resource scheduling, file sharing, concurrency control
• Failure handling, configuration, redundancy
Affect Service
• Interaction and Control
• Performance
• Resource
• System Failures
OUTLINE
• Overview of Operating System Basic• Transparency• Distributed System Services• Communication Network Protocols• Distributed Systems Major Design Issues• Distributed Computing Environment
REFERENCES• Distributed Operating Systems and Algorithms-Randy Chow and • http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/o/operating_system.html• http://www.osdata.com/kind/history.htm• http://brinch-hansen.net/papers/2001b.pdf• http://www.cs.jhu.edu/~yairamir/cs437/week7/sld003.htm• Resource Availability Prediction in Fine-Grained Cycle Sharing,
Xiaojuan Ren, Seyong Lee, Rudolf Eigenmann, Saurabh Bagchi, Systems. HPDC'06, Paris, France. June, 2006
• Developing the Distributed-Computing OS, Vaughan-Nichols, S.J.; Computer Volume 35, Issue 9, Sept. 2002 Page(s):19 - 21
• An Analysis of The Open Grid Services Architecture D. Gannon, K. Chiu, M. Govindaraju, A. Slominski Commissioned by the UK e-Science Core Program, White Paper, http://www.extreme.indiana.edu/~aslom/papers/ogsa_analysis3.html