a collaborative effort between indian health service (ihs) and the ihs head start program
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: A Collaborative Effort between Indian Health Service (IHS) and the IHS Head Start Program](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062417/551a21c8550346cb358b4b28/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
A Collaborative Effort between Indian Health Service (IHS) and
the IHS Head Start Program
![Page 2: A Collaborative Effort between Indian Health Service (IHS) and the IHS Head Start Program](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062417/551a21c8550346cb358b4b28/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Course Objectives
1. Describe Early Childhood Caries (ECC)
2. List two ways to prevent ECC.
3. Recognize the various stages of ECC.
4. Discuss the benefits of topical fluoride.
5. List the 5 steps to applying fluoride varnish.
6. Demonstrate the appropriate application of fluoride
varnish.
7. List one key message for families to prevent ECC.
![Page 3: A Collaborative Effort between Indian Health Service (IHS) and the IHS Head Start Program](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062417/551a21c8550346cb358b4b28/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Why are Baby Teeth Important?
Eating and nutritionHolding space for the permanent teethTalkingSmiling
![Page 4: A Collaborative Effort between Indian Health Service (IHS) and the IHS Head Start Program](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062417/551a21c8550346cb358b4b28/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
What is Early Childhood Caries? ECC is the presence of
any decayed, filled, or extracted (due to decay) teeth in the primary dentition (baby teeth).
Involves infectious bacteria, often passed from mothers to babies.
The teeth often decay very quickly.
![Page 5: A Collaborative Effort between Indian Health Service (IHS) and the IHS Head Start Program](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062417/551a21c8550346cb358b4b28/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Effects of ECCPain
Infection
Higher risk of new cavities
Missed school days and
difficulty concentrating in school
![Page 6: A Collaborative Effort between Indian Health Service (IHS) and the IHS Head Start Program](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062417/551a21c8550346cb358b4b28/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
What Causes ECC? Pathological Factors Bacterial biofilm Ingestion of simple carbohydrates Reduced salivary function TOOTH DECAY
Protective Factors Fluoride Antibacterials Oral hygiene habits Flow and composition of saliva Structure of tooth minerals in each
individual Dental Sealants NO TOOTH DECAY
![Page 7: A Collaborative Effort between Indian Health Service (IHS) and the IHS Head Start Program](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062417/551a21c8550346cb358b4b28/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Demineralization and Remineralization
![Page 8: A Collaborative Effort between Indian Health Service (IHS) and the IHS Head Start Program](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062417/551a21c8550346cb358b4b28/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
ECC and AI/AN Children• 76% of AI/AN children
ages 2-5 have experienced dental cavities.
• 68% have untreated decay.
• Over 50% have severe ECC.
1999 IHS Oral Health Survey
![Page 9: A Collaborative Effort between Indian Health Service (IHS) and the IHS Head Start Program](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062417/551a21c8550346cb358b4b28/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Two is Too Late!
![Page 10: A Collaborative Effort between Indian Health Service (IHS) and the IHS Head Start Program](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062417/551a21c8550346cb358b4b28/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Costs of ECCTraditional dental
treatment is largely ineffective at reducing the bacteria that cause ECC.
ECC can cost thousands of dollars to treat each child, even exceeding $8,000 when a child is hospitalized and treated under general anesthesia.
![Page 11: A Collaborative Effort between Indian Health Service (IHS) and the IHS Head Start Program](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062417/551a21c8550346cb358b4b28/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
![Page 12: A Collaborative Effort between Indian Health Service (IHS) and the IHS Head Start Program](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062417/551a21c8550346cb358b4b28/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
FluorideInhibits demineralization
Enhances remineralization
Inhibits plaque bacteria
![Page 13: A Collaborative Effort between Indian Health Service (IHS) and the IHS Head Start Program](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062417/551a21c8550346cb358b4b28/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Ways to Obtain Fluoride: SystemicWater
Prescription drops or tablets
![Page 14: A Collaborative Effort between Indian Health Service (IHS) and the IHS Head Start Program](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062417/551a21c8550346cb358b4b28/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Ways to Obtain Fluoride: Topical
Fluoride Toothpaste
Fluoride Varnish
Fluoride Mouthrinses
![Page 15: A Collaborative Effort between Indian Health Service (IHS) and the IHS Head Start Program](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062417/551a21c8550346cb358b4b28/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Fluoride ToothpasteRecommend cleaning the
teeth daily with a small smear of fluoride toothpaste as soon as the first tooth erupts.
At three years of age, brush daily with a pea-size dab of fluoride toothpaste
Topical Fluoride Recommendations for High-Risk Children. Development of Decision Support Matrix: Recommendations from MCHB Expert Panel, 2008
![Page 16: A Collaborative Effort between Indian Health Service (IHS) and the IHS Head Start Program](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062417/551a21c8550346cb358b4b28/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
What is Fluoride Varnish?Highly concentrated
topical fluoride treatment
Can reverse white spot lesions.
Safe for young children
Easy to apply
![Page 17: A Collaborative Effort between Indian Health Service (IHS) and the IHS Head Start Program](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062417/551a21c8550346cb358b4b28/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Advantages of Fluoride VarnishSafe
Easy to Apply
Accepted by patients
No special requirements
![Page 18: A Collaborative Effort between Indian Health Service (IHS) and the IHS Head Start Program](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062417/551a21c8550346cb358b4b28/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Research with AIAN childrenMedical staff applied during
well-child visits.
Children who received four or more application of varnish between the ages of 9-24 months of age had 35% reduced decayed surfaces over children who received none.
Holve S, IHS Primary Care Provider, Oct 2006.
![Page 19: A Collaborative Effort between Indian Health Service (IHS) and the IHS Head Start Program](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062417/551a21c8550346cb358b4b28/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
.
Due to the high prevalence of dental caries, most AI/AN children can be considered high-risk for dental caries unless a dental professional has classified them differently
![Page 20: A Collaborative Effort between Indian Health Service (IHS) and the IHS Head Start Program](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062417/551a21c8550346cb358b4b28/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Who does What in AI/AN Communities?
Age Staff Protocol
9-24 months Medical Staff 4 treatments
2-3 years CHRs, WIC, PHNs 3-4 treatments
3-5 years Head Start staff 3-4 treatments per year
![Page 21: A Collaborative Effort between Indian Health Service (IHS) and the IHS Head Start Program](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062417/551a21c8550346cb358b4b28/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Work together to prevent ECC!Fluoride varnish for
every infant and child
Dental screenings
Parent education
Caries Stabilization
![Page 22: A Collaborative Effort between Indian Health Service (IHS) and the IHS Head Start Program](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062417/551a21c8550346cb358b4b28/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
5 Steps to Applying Fluoride Varnish
![Page 23: A Collaborative Effort between Indian Health Service (IHS) and the IHS Head Start Program](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062417/551a21c8550346cb358b4b28/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Step 1: Getting ReadySuppliesFluoride VarnishGauze squaresNon-latex glovesChild-size toothbrush (optional)
![Page 24: A Collaborative Effort between Indian Health Service (IHS) and the IHS Head Start Program](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062417/551a21c8550346cb358b4b28/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Principles of Infection Control1. Take action to stay healthy: wash hands or
use an alcohol-based hand rub before and after applying varnish on each child.
2. Avoid contact with blood and body fluids: wear gloves.
3. Make items safe for use: use all disposable items.
4. Limit contamination: set up on a paper towel and dispose of all items after each application.
![Page 25: A Collaborative Effort between Indian Health Service (IHS) and the IHS Head Start Program](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062417/551a21c8550346cb358b4b28/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Applying Infection Control Principles
Set Up Application Clean Up
![Page 26: A Collaborative Effort between Indian Health Service (IHS) and the IHS Head Start Program](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062417/551a21c8550346cb358b4b28/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Step 2: Oral Health Assessment• Use the knee to knee
position if you are working with babies and very young children.
• Children 3 and older can stand in front of you.
![Page 27: A Collaborative Effort between Indian Health Service (IHS) and the IHS Head Start Program](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062417/551a21c8550346cb358b4b28/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
If you use a toothbrush…Show the
caregivers how to brush
Use the toothbrush as a mouth prop
![Page 28: A Collaborative Effort between Indian Health Service (IHS) and the IHS Head Start Program](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062417/551a21c8550346cb358b4b28/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Oral Health Assessment
![Page 29: A Collaborative Effort between Indian Health Service (IHS) and the IHS Head Start Program](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062417/551a21c8550346cb358b4b28/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
First Sign of ECC: White Spot LesionsCan be remineralized with
Changes in diet
Fluoride varnish
Daily brushing with fluoride toothpaste.
![Page 30: A Collaborative Effort between Indian Health Service (IHS) and the IHS Head Start Program](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062417/551a21c8550346cb358b4b28/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Early and Moderate ECC
![Page 31: A Collaborative Effort between Indian Health Service (IHS) and the IHS Head Start Program](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062417/551a21c8550346cb358b4b28/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Caries Stabilization: ITRAsk your dental
clinic if they provide Caries Stabilization and ITR for young children.
![Page 32: A Collaborative Effort between Indian Health Service (IHS) and the IHS Head Start Program](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062417/551a21c8550346cb358b4b28/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Severe ECC
![Page 33: A Collaborative Effort between Indian Health Service (IHS) and the IHS Head Start Program](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062417/551a21c8550346cb358b4b28/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Step 3: Dry the teeth
Use the gauze squares
![Page 34: A Collaborative Effort between Indian Health Service (IHS) and the IHS Head Start Program](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062417/551a21c8550346cb358b4b28/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Step 4: Apply Fluoride Varnish
![Page 35: A Collaborative Effort between Indian Health Service (IHS) and the IHS Head Start Program](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062417/551a21c8550346cb358b4b28/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cV5OmL7C8K4
![Page 36: A Collaborative Effort between Indian Health Service (IHS) and the IHS Head Start Program](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062417/551a21c8550346cb358b4b28/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Step 5: Take Home MessagesDon’t brush until
the next day for optimal benefit of the fluoride varnish.
Brush daily with a fluoride toothpaste.
![Page 37: A Collaborative Effort between Indian Health Service (IHS) and the IHS Head Start Program](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062417/551a21c8550346cb358b4b28/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
5 Steps Review
Note: During all steps, be sure to follow the principles of infection control. All of the supplies are disposable and intended for single use only!
![Page 38: A Collaborative Effort between Indian Health Service (IHS) and the IHS Head Start Program](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062417/551a21c8550346cb358b4b28/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
What can YOU do to prevent ECC?• Provide oral health
screenings and fluoride varnish for the children you work with.
• Provide oral health messages to families in your community.
![Page 39: A Collaborative Effort between Indian Health Service (IHS) and the IHS Head Start Program](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062417/551a21c8550346cb358b4b28/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
![Page 40: A Collaborative Effort between Indian Health Service (IHS) and the IHS Head Start Program](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062417/551a21c8550346cb358b4b28/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Summary
![Page 41: A Collaborative Effort between Indian Health Service (IHS) and the IHS Head Start Program](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062417/551a21c8550346cb358b4b28/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Instructions for Course CompletionAfter completing the course and receiving a score
of at least 80% on the posttest, you will receive a certificate.
After demonstrating application of fluoride varnish on a child in the appropriate age group, have a medical or dental health professional sign your certificate.
Standing orders must be provided by a dentist or physician. Make sure he/she is licensed in the state you work in if you will be providing fluoride varnish treatments for non-native children.
![Page 42: A Collaborative Effort between Indian Health Service (IHS) and the IHS Head Start Program](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062417/551a21c8550346cb358b4b28/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
![Page 43: A Collaborative Effort between Indian Health Service (IHS) and the IHS Head Start Program](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062417/551a21c8550346cb358b4b28/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Special Thanks
We want to thank California First Smiles for use of some of their
photos and Dr. Joanna Douglass for use of her video.