80155791 .... ..., .......

MH DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY

Sec 3.4 EO 12llSH HEADQUARTERS 0 Declassify 0 D< ••• <uzra~e to · QExempt2SX ___ . 11e .

~::~J_'"· · ··r~United States Amy , "·~

J John F. Kennedy Center For Military Assistance

Declassified in Full Authority: EO 13526 Originator: SOCOM

OFFICE OF THE ASSISTANT CHIEF OF STAFF G-2 Fort Bragg, North Carolina 28307

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ULITARY Ii ffilLIGO'iCL lJIGEST l-7G (U)

I

e .M'ACF.)£J;L6f-7£, • -I ~

. Reviewed by: SOCOM/CIA

CONTROLLED · DISSEMINATION

Date: 6 March 2018

CONTROLLED 0 Iss El¥1! NA TIO;N --.:::::~~~E~L:~a,g~s=I F=I~EBHB'~f ~8=8 ,::WI!i~A~CI 5ii+FK~G_,Iiit~I~IAoA.-.-lii!iii}XIeiliitt;4P~T (See AR 381-l. OPNAVINST :IKA8t1 8EtlERitb li?liiCI OHIFICOTIQDI iriillliili?lll!e

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116 I 6iltldit BISSCi lliii41 ibli ... iiiliiJ4iiNilti!Jilllill• INTELLIGENCE SOURCES AND ~1ETHODS INVOLVED.

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WARNING

This documrot contains information affecting the national defrose of the United States within the mean ing of the Espionage Laws, Title 18, U,S .C., Sees . 793 and 794, the transmi ssion or revelation of which in any manner to an unauthorized person is

prohibit~ by law.

Under no circumstances will classified items be released or disclosed to foreign nationals without proper authorization in acoordance with prescribed policies. (See AR 380-10)

.-------------..---~ _________ ..,

This office is vitally int<m~r.terl in a11y i11fnmJat.i on tlatl confinns, supplements, or c:ontrowct f.l the iote.ll igcnr.f> con­tained in this publication. Rcaden: posse:-:ttinr; ~mch in­formation are requested to forwaHi it promptly to the Assis­tant Chief of Staff, G2, USAJFKCENMA Fort Bragg, North

Carolina.

Declassified in Full Authority: EO 13526 Originator: SOCOM Reviewed by: SOCOM/CIA Date: 6 March 2018

UNCLASSIFIED

MILITARY INTELLIGENCE DIGEST 1-76 (U)

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHRONOLOGIES

MIDDLE EAST, f4.S. Domingos, OAC............................ 2-5

EUROPE, SFC C. L. Flowers.................................. 8-13

FAR EAST, lLT R.L. Longmire................... . .......... . . 16-21

LATIN AMERICA, 1LT K.J.P. Armstrong. ,....................... 24-26

AFRICA, 1 L T K.J. P. Armstrong.............................. 28-31

SPECIAL ANALYSIS

ETHIOPIA'S ERITREAN INSURGENCY, 1LT K.J.P. Armstrong....... 34-51

Page Determined to be Unclassified by SOCOM Reviewed by: Army Declass Activity lAW EO 13526 Date: 6 March 2018 ix

UNCLASSIFIED

21 November

25 November

27 November

28 November

LATI N AMERICA CHRONOLOGY 1975-1976

tt+President Lopez of Colombia ordered a military and po 1 ice crackdovm on pub 1 i c disorders and ter­rorism throughout the country. The hard line ap­proach stellllled f rom increasing military pressure on Lopez to take more force ful action . His be­lated recognition of t he recent cr i me wave, kidnap­ping~. and str ikes has undermined popt• la r confi ­dence in and suppor t f or hi s government.

feNFtThe United Kingdom's negotiating position at the UN on Guatemala's claim to Belize will not in­clude territori al concessions. Acting Guatemalan Foreign Minister Obiols acknowledged the diplomatic defeat, but indicated an appeal to the International Court of Justice would be Guatemala ' s next move.

(SPIF/NO CO~lHU\CT{IJPHNTEL) The Guyana Defens e Force purchased one million do ll ars in small arms f rom Europe with an op t ion t o buy antiai rcraft sys tems in the future. Add i t iona l ly, the Guyana Nati onal Service was delega t ed a mo re s i gni fica nt rol e in the country's nati onal defense since civili ans, mos tly students, may now be drafted .

(StiF/IIPIHITa) Two Soviet ZSU -23-4 ant i ai rcraft gun systems and 22 130mm M-4b f ield guns were s ighted at Lima army barracks i n addition t o one 130mm field gun, 13 152mm 0- 20 how itzers~ and eight 37mm anti ­aircraft guns at Arequipa, Peru . This was t he first indication of l52mm D- 20 howitzers in the country.

~he last of six British Constitution-class patrol boats, three gunboats and three missile boats, were commissioned into the Venezuelan Navy, countering economically and effectively the problem of an aging f l eet .

6 December ·~Ecuador's President Rodriguez announced plans to return Ecuador to civ i lian rule in the future.

Declassified in Full

His decision was spurred by steady deterioration of his position, recent harsh attacks by political lead­ers, imposition of press censorship, and his threat to use force to ensure institutionalization of the government.

Authority: EO 13526 24 Originator: SOCOM Reviewed by: SOCOM/CIA Date: 6 March 2018

7 December

12 December

18 December

Declassified in Full Authority: EO 13526 Originator: SOCOM Reviewed by: SOCOM/CIA Date: 6 M arch 2018

-~Implementation of the US Generalized System of Preferences (GSP) drew strong criticism from Venezuelan business and political sectors. The exclusion of Caracas from preferential trade agreements under GSP was called unfair and dis­criminatory. However, an,y Venezuelan embargo on or reduct ions of petro1eum exports to the United States vwuld damage the already declining economy .

(ENF)Argentina's armed forces stepped up counter­terrorist activities in the wake of violence that left 29 persons dead. The 3 December murders of the former head of the National Police. Major General Caceres. and his wife by Montonero guer­rillas, coupled with retaliatory firing-squad exe­cutions of foreign students by right-wing terror­ists, have brought the country to the brink of anarchy. The army has taken control of the provin­cial capital of Tucuman. where violence was most pro­nounced. The prov i nce has been the scene of a full scale anti-subversive campaign for more than a year against the rura l guerrillas of the People 1s Revolu ­tionary Army (Er~P) and the outlawed ~1ontoneros.

-f€+Rura 1 unrest ~ n nor thern Mexico increased sig­nificant ly in Oc t ober and November. Peasants occu­pying l~ nd c .aimed to have been promised to them long ago were for·c ibly 1·emoved by landowners with the aid of the po l i ce and the anny . Twenty-four peasants were kil l ed during the evacuation.

~ebellion by Argentine Air Force officers at Moron Air Base resulted in replacement of the pro­Peronist Air Force .Commander in Chief, General Fautario, by Brigadier General Agosti. an anti·· Peronist. Rebellious air force officers sought to gain support from army. navy, and all other air ele­ments to ca11 for rep1acement of President Peron by the Army Commander, General Videla.

(U)Fo1lowing the attempted air force officers' coup, a large group of Montonero guerrillas attacked army and police faci l ities near Buenos Aires in a series of coordinated raids. Response by combined govern­ment forces and air support thwarted the attack, leaving 50 guerrillas dead.

25

7 January

8 January

9 January

11 January

19 January

~)Argenti n e Government offici a 1 s announced that Argentina intends to take over the Falk ­l and Islands which are presently under British rule . The 2,000 inhabitan ts, who are almost exclusively of Brit ish descent , obj~c ted strong­ly to parliament over Argentina's taking control of the islands.

~Politicall y motivated violence by members of Jamaica's People 's National Party, including two attacks on the United States Consul ate, spread in Kingston . Danger of future disorders continues.

(U)A three-man delegation from the Popular ~1ove­ment for the Liberation of Angola (MPLA) toured the Caribbean and secured support from Venezuela, Jamaica , and Guyana. Barbados and Trinidad re­fused to allO\·J refuel ing r ights to Cuban aircraft flying to Ango la; however , Guyana granted them in the fac e of US prot ests.

~Ecuadm·'s President Rodr igue z Lara resigned, turning power over to a military triumv ira te ca 11 ed the Supreme Counc i 1 of Armed Forces Ch iefs. No change i n Ecuador's domestic and foreign pcli ­cies i s ant i ci pated .

~hree bombings at a resort in Uruguay indicated a return to terrorism. The bombi ngs were directly related to the late December roundup of 150 members of the outlawed Commun i st Party .

~rime r~in i ster Castro's recent public defense of Cuba ' s mil itary role in Angola indicates he is un ­comfor tab le with what has proved to be an unpopular and costly policy in Cuba. Additionally, Castro views an improvement in re lations vJith the United States as impossible under present c ircumstances .

Declassified in Full Authority: EO 13526 Originator: SOCOM Reviewed by: SOCOM/CIA Date: 6 March 2018 26