3d printing and biofabrication
DESCRIPTION
Presentation at the UMCU Summerschool for Biofabrication and 3d printing about legal and regulatory aspectsTRANSCRIPT
REGULATORY AND LEGAL ASPECTS OF 3D PRINTING
Utrecht Summer School Course: Biofabrication16 July 2014
Erik Vollebregtwww.axonadvocaten.nl
Agenda
• How does the law see 3D printing?• Regulation of various aspects of 3D printing• Intellectual property• Personal data
How the law sees 3d printingYou use a production facility
• Medical devices and medicial products production facilities are regulated (GMP, ISO 13485)
You make something that can be regulated
• Medical device, advanced therapy medicinal product
You use materials that can be regulated
• Parts for devices and substances for medicinal products are regulated; harvest, transport and use of biologic material is regulated
You apply a process that can be regulated
• Manufacturing processes for medicinal products and devices require a quality system
How the law sees 3d printing
You use data that pertain to an identified or identifiable person
• Collection and processing of personal data concerning health
• Customisation links objects to persons
• Data can be breached, stolen etc
Regulation of the printerCurrently: EU Machinery Directive
Regulation of the material
• REACH (chemical substances)
• EU Tissues & Cells Directive (cells and tissues)
Regulation of the end result
• Can be a medical device
• Can be an advanced therapy medicinal product
Regulation of the end result
Medical devices law
• Currently custom-made device
• Prescription defines end result but production technique is standardised
• Question: what is “custom” about a 3D printed medical device?
ATMP regulation
• Tissue engineered product
• May contain additional substances or objects, like scaffolds• ATMP unless completely unviable• Cells / tissues substantially manipulated• Combined advanced therapy medicinal products
Regulation of the end result
The new Proposal on Medical Device Regulationincreases standards for non custom-made 3D printed medical devices by introducing stricter identification (UDI), traceability and registration requirements.
Regulation of the activity
• Quality system requirements / GMP requirements
Intellectual property: general
• Copyright
• Software• Software model for device / bodypart
• Patents
• Printing method (e.g. living cells)• End result (ear with particular properties)• Printing materials • Contributory Patent infringement:
- the individual operating the 3D printer, and- the designer of the CAD file/s.
Intellectual property: body parts
Personal data3d printing related activities involve collection and processing of personal data concerning health on many levels
• Data from hospital’s electronic health records• Generation of patient related data for end product• Data in files describing the end product• Etc.
Who controls the data?
• Controller has regulatory burden, must conclude processing agreement with others that get access to the data
Where is the data?
• External printing lab?• Hosted?• Sent outside of EU for e.g. modelling?
www.axonlawyers.com
THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION
Erik VollebregtAxon LawyersPiet Heinkade 1831019 HC AmsterdamT +31 88 650 6500F +31 88 650 6555M +31 6 47 180 683E [email protected] @meddevlegalB http://medicaldeviceslegal.com
READ MY BLOG:http://medicaldeviceslegal.com