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5/9/2016 2.1 Front-End Loading (FEL) Phases - Road to Success - IPLOCA WIKI Collaboration Platform http://wiki.iploca.com/display/rtswiki/2.1+Front-End+Loading+%28FEL%29+Phases 1/2 2.1.1 Business Planning FEL 1 2.1.2 Facility Planning FEL 2 2.1.3 Project Planning FEL 3 2.1 FrontEnd Loading (FEL) Phases Created by Henning Dresp, last modified by Mustafa Abusalah on Feb 17, 2015 Some of the key considerations that need to be defined during the three FEL phases include: Product availability Applicable codes and standards Product quality Design temperature Design capacity Stations (compressor, pump) Above ground installations (valve stations, pigging stations, metering stations, off take stations) Risk of natural hazards and human threats Pipe OD SCADA/telecoms Pipeline route and its right of way corridor Pipe wall thickness Maintenance and inspection requirements Topographic and geotechnical data Inspection requirements Materials (linepipe, valves, tees, flanges, traps) Pigging devices/integrity assessment Corrosion allowance Protection requirements (trench depth) Inspection philosophy Corrosion coating, field joint coating Expansion mitigation Schedule Cathodic protection Isolation valve spacing Insulation Crossings design Cost estimates Operational philosophy (hydrates, waxing, asphaltenes) Overpressure protection (surge protection, linepack) Construction methodology Camps Clearing and grading Material logistics Ditching Welding Pipe bending Field coating Backfilling Hydrotesting Final grading

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5/9/2016 2.1 Front-End Loading (FEL) Phases - Road to Success - IPLOCA WIKI Collaboration Platform

http://wiki.iploca.com/display/rtswiki/2.1+Front-End+Loading+%28FEL%29+Phases 1/2

2.1.1 Business Planning FEL 12.1.2 Facility Planning FEL 22.1.3 Project Planning FEL 3

2.1 Front­End Loading (FEL) PhasesCreated by Henning Dresp, last modified by Mustafa Abusalah on Feb 17, 2015

Some of the key considerations that need to be defined during thethree FEL phases include:

Productavailability

   

Applicablecodes andstandards

Product quality

Designtemperature

Design capacity

Stations (compressor,pump)

Above ground installations(valve stations, piggingstations, metering stations,off take stations)

Risk of naturalhazardsand humanthreats

Pipe OD  SCADA/telecoms

Pipeline routeand its rightof way corridor

Pipe wallthickness

 Maintenance andinspection requirements

Topographicandgeotechnicaldata

Inspectionrequirements

 

Materials(linepipe,valves, tees,flanges, traps)

Piggingdevices/integrityassessment

 

Corrosionallowance

Protectionrequirements(trench depth)

Inspection philosophy

Corrosioncoating, fieldjoint coating

Expansionmitigation

Schedule

Cathodicprotection

Isolation valvespacing

 

Insulation Crossingsdesign

Cost estimates

Operationalphilosophy(hydrates,waxing,asphaltenes)

Overpressureprotection(surgeprotection,linepack)

Construction methodology

CampsClearing and gradingMaterial logisticsDitchingWeldingPipe bendingField coatingBackfillingHydrotestingFinal grading

5/9/2016 2.1 Front-End Loading (FEL) Phases - Road to Success - IPLOCA WIKI Collaboration Platform

http://wiki.iploca.com/display/rtswiki/2.1+Front-End+Loading+%28FEL%29+Phases 2/2

Design life Leak detection Pipeline operations

Designpressure

Meteringrequirements

 

2.1.1 Business Planning FEL 1

Before starting a project, the pipeline owner/investor (the body funding the project) must prove the economicviability and need for the project i.e. will the project produce the required revenues and profit? This phasecaptures the reasoning behind initiating the project and can take considerable time to prepare.

FEL 1 includes:

Business caseStrategic objectivesEconomic analysisProject expectationsMarket analysisCompetitors reviewEnvironmental constraints

2.1.2 Facility Planning FEL 2

The purpose of FEL 2 facility planning (sometimes referred to as feasibility, preliminary, or pre­FEED), is to ensurethe selection of an optimum solution and put some details behind the project. Here we can confirm the physicalviability and anticipated cost of a project before any unnecessary time and energy is wasted. This stage of theplan can take from 2­6 months depending on project complexity.

FEL 2 facility planning includes the review of:

Environmental and social issuesRoutingPipeline dimensions (OD, WT, length)In­line facilities (pumps/compressor stations)Regulatory and governmental requirementsPreliminary schedules

Led by the owner, developer or an appointed and experienced engineering contractor, these issues are performedby a joint team and should include a range of technical, engineering, environmental, social and legal specialists.The level of cost estimate at this point is typically +/­30%.

2.1.3 Project Planning FEL 3

Project planning or the FEED phase looks to develop the approved selected solution by narrowing the costestimate to +/­15% and achieving a higher level of development schedule. At this point any project showstopperswould have been identified as part of the environmental and social impact assessment process and suitablemitigation measures agreed with the relevant stakeholders (as part of the project consent). It is only when consenthas been granted that project sanction takes place and particularly since it is then possible to place materialorders for long lead items (LLIs) at this stage so as to meet the development schedule. Project planning couldtake from 6­12 months depending on the complexity of project and the environment through which it is routed. Ifthe pipeline has not managed to avoid sensitive environments, timescales for the FEL process can be extendedby many months whilst detailed ecological or cultural studies are performed

In comparison with plant projects, the cost of FEL developments for a pipeline project are typically lower, exceptfor possibly international cross­border pipelines or complex systems such as high temperature pipelines (designtemperature > 70ºC), high pressure pipelines (design pressure > 200 bars), or fast track projects.

However, whilst the cost of the development activity is lower, it is still significant and often underestimated.Pipeline project facility planning (FEL 2) for example can range from one third to three quarters of the activityassociated with plant developments. However, the time taken can in certain circumstances be longer.

 » Continue with 2.2 Key points to address during FEL « Back to 2. Development Phases of a Pipeline Project