2010 water: crisis and choices: paul david reiter

8/3/2019 2010 Water: Crisis and Choices: Paul David Reiter

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Water and Wastewater in Asia --The Imperative for New Approaches to Urban

Water and Wastewater Management

ADB & Partners Conference

Manila12 October, 2010

Paul Reiter Executive Director

UNICEF Urban WASH workshop,October, 2009

The views expressed in this presentation are the views of the speaker and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the Asian DevelopmentBank (ADB), or its Board of Governors, or the governments they represent. ADB does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this paper

and accepts no responsibility for any consequence of their use. Terminology used may not necessarily be consistent with ADB official terms.



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Growt h in More, Less Developed Countr ies

世界

10000

12000

(m illion)

I t ’s Not Just Populat ion Grow th

Billions

8

9

10

4000

6000

8000

Population

Income ~ Resources

12

3

4

5

6

7

Less Developed Regions

More Developed Regions

0

2000

B C

4 0 0

B C

2 0 0

A D

1 2 0

0 4 0

0 6 0

0 8 0

0

1 0 0 0

1 2 0 0

1 4 0 0

1 6 0 0

1 8 0 0

2 0 0 0

2 2 0 0

1950 1970 1990 2010 2030 2050

Source: United Nations, World Population Prospects: The 2004 Revision (medium scenario), 2005.



WAS MALTHUS RIGHT?

tThomas Malthus, 1766-1834



DANGER + OPPORTUNITY



o ng ore w ess

40% Shortfall b 2030



Urbanization Differences 2004



IncreasingUrbanization

HigherIncomes

Capita ResourceRequirement

Rates andPo ulation Growth

Fallin Growth or

Force A

Dominates Water Needs

Water for Food,Cities Industr

Net Decline) inOverall Water

in Next 20 Years

UNICEF Urban WASH workshop, October, 2009Energy Requirements

Force A Force B



Urban Sanitation is Our Bi est

Challenge in the Next Decade

Challenges

growth in needs

Lack of a common understandin of conce ts

options and language for moving forward Need to invent new physical and institutional

so u ons o o pro ems

Financial and capacity shortfalls that will need to

long term

UNICEF Urban WASH workshop, October, 2009



Historical Urban Sanitation O tions

Highly

Centralized

+ os ,+Water,

+Energy

Network

Costs

& Operability

On-Site

Density



s a ew ame -- o en a y

Game changing shifts in technology & thinking Scale modularity, network, land

Reuse potential

Energy recovery potential Resource limitations

Scarcity of conventional water

Scarcit of nutrients

Wastewater transformed from an unmitigatedliability to an asset




In the Future Urban Water

Systems Will Be Able To…

Facilitate the safe reuse of water Produce energy

Use much less water (50-70% less)

Cost much less




From Linear to Closed Loop



Ev lvin r n ni i n i n

Highly

Centralized

+ os ,+Water,

+Energy

Network

Costs

Semi-

On-Site

-Cost,

-Water,-Energy-Land

Density



Creating a Portfolio of Viable

Sanitation OptionsConventionalHigh-Water Use

Systems

Nodal Systems Low-WaterLow-Cost

Viable and Appropriate

Systems

Wastewater

Ponds

In-Situ

Treatment,

Options

utr entRecovery andReuse Dry Systems in

Both Urban

and Rural

W t S l d S it ti f AllW t S l d S it ti f All



Water Supply and Sanitation for All Water Supply and Sanitation for All Set. 27 Set. 27- -28, 2007, Berching, Germany 28, 2007, Berching, Germany

Case stu y 3: a new y eve opeCase stu y 3: a new y eve opedistrict as an independent water districtdistrict as an independent water district

Configuration of an independent waterConfiguration of an independent water

North lakeDistrict wastewater

Gardenin

District

(Regulation

lakes)

Forestation

Car washing

South lake

Associated

wetland

wastewater

treatment

plant (Tertiary treatment)

sce aneoususes

District storm water

(Secondary treatment)

drainage



Ochiai Sewage Treatment Plant

The Gap HouseThe Gap House



Concept Applicable atConcept Applicable at

Household LevelHousehold Level

Kitchen (8%)

Bathroom (15%)

Laundry (10%)

Toilets (12%)

Hot water (15%)On-site

STP

• e uce wa er use romReticulation by 60%

•

20kL Roof

water Tank

Tank

Overflow External use

Landscaping & lawn

Fire

Hydrants

(40%)



Recent Schemes With Significant

Closed Loop Configurations

Scheme % Reduction in potable % Reduction in

Pimpama – Coomera 80% >70%

Rouse Hill 50% >90%

Homebush Bay-

Olympic Village

67% 100%

Mawson lakes 50% >80%



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Simplified System Costs - D. Mara

Next Set of Choices



Next Set of Choices

Return Hope Get

What You What You’

What You

or asy

Options Now

.. ..

Know..

32



Thank You

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2010 water: crisis and choices: paul david reiter

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