20 imperialism and nationalism
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Imperialism and Nationalism
In the 19 th Century
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Imperialism
Scientific expeditions± Exploration± Botanical investigations
Economics± Raw materials from colonies± Control of sources
± Break monopolies of otherEuropean countries on rawmaterials
Indonesian rubberGermany developed synthetic
dyes
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The Power of Empire
Political system in the colonies?Lifestyle changes in the colonies?
Moral issues ± Slavery
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The Power of Empire
Slavery ± British Empire versus Brazil (1850-1851)
Blockage of Brazilian ports
± British Empire versus Zanzibar (1873)Threatened destruction of capital
Did Britain have the right to enforce their opinion of moral values?What about American involvement in Iraq?
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"A ny community with only onedominant power is always a
dangerous one. That's why Ifavor a multi-polar world, inwhich Europe obviously has its
place."
± Jacques Chirac, President of France, Time Magazine , Feb.24, 2003
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" Too long have too manyA mericans, and the people of thefree world generally, stood by assilent accessories to the crimes of assault against freedom - assaultagainst basic economic andspiritual principles that have made
nations strong. "
± Ezra Taft Benson, "W atchman, W arn the W icked " , E nsign ,July 1973, p. 38
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" Tolerance is not conformity to theworld's view and practices. W e must not surrender our beliefs to get alongwith people , however beloved orinfluential they may be. Too high aprice may be paid for social standingor even for harmony. "
± Ezra Taft Benson, "W atchman, W arn the W icked " , E nsign ,July 1973, p. 38
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B ritish EmpireExpansions± Scotland (1707) and Ireland
(1800) united to England± North A merica (1600s)± A sia under East India
Company (1857)± A frica (1800s)± A sia (1800s)
Explorers and scientists± James Cook (1728-1779)± HMS Beagle (1831)± David Livingstone (1813-
1873)
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B ritish Empire
Queen Victoria± Prototype of a perfect
mother± Devout wife± Strong willed± ³The Better Half´ ± Ruled during the
empire¶s peak
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G ladstone and Disraeli Victorian Prime Ministers
A woman who had dined with thegreat English statesman Gladstoneone night and his rival Disraeli onanother was asked to compare them."W hen I left the dining room aftersitting next to Mr. Gladstone, Ithought he was the cleverest man inEngland. But after sitting next to Mr.Disraeli, I thought I was the
cleverestwoman
in England."
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R ussia
Romanoff dynastySuccessor to Roman
EmpireInternal conflictsContinuous expansion
Defeat in the CrimeanW ar opened eyes toprogress of W . Europe
Revolution of 1905
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F ranceLouis XVIII (brother of Louis XVI)± Died in 1824
Charles X (brother of Louis XVIII)± Toppled in revolution of 1830
Louis Philippe, duke of Orleans± Limited monarch (compromise)± Toppled by revolution of 1848
Louis Napoleon Bonaparte± Nephew of Napoleon I± Elected president in 1848 ± 2 nd Republic± Coup of 1851 declared himself Emperor
Napoleon III± Maximilian and Carlotta in Mexico± Overthrown after defeat in Franco-Prussian
W arThird Republic proclaimed (1871)± W eak governments to WW I
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S pain
Consequences of S. A merican revolutionsMexico gained independenceQueen Maria Christina allied with liberalsIsabella installed as constitutionalmonarch
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B elgium
Revolted 1830W ithdrew from Dutch union
Constitutional monarchyTension between W aloonsand Flemish
Colonized Belgian Congo
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G ermany
Small principalitiesCongress of Vienna combinedareas
Trading union establishedRevolutions of 1848 establishedconstitutional monarchyOtto von Bismarck± Chancellor to W ilhelm of Prussia± United German principalities± Defeated the French in 1870
Colonized east A frica and Samoa
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Italy Patchwork of small statesRevolution of 1848 gave someareas limited monarchiesW
ar of 1859 started byA ustrians to reassert theirauthority± Stopped by the French± Kingdom of Italy declared
(northern only)Giuseppe Garibaldi± Red shirt army± Rome conquered± Vatican City given to the church
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Thank You