AP World History

Unit 6

1900-Present

Student name

1914–Present Unit 6

Major Developments

1. Questions of periodization

A. Continuities and breaks, causes of changes from the previous period and within this period 2. The World Wars, the Holocaust, the Cold War, nuclear weaponry, international organizations, and their impact on the

global framework (globalization of diplomacy and conflict; global balance of power; reduction of European influence; the League of Nations, the United Nations, the Non-Aligned Nations, etc.)

3. New patterns of nationalism (the interwar years; decolonization; racism, genocide; new nationalisms, including the breakup of the Soviet Union)

4. Impact of major global economic developments (the Great Depression; technology; Pacific Rim; multinational corporations)

5. New forces of revolution and other sources of political innovations 6. Social reform and social revolution (changing gender roles; family structures; rise of feminism; peasant protest;

international Marxism) 7. Globalization of science, technology, and culture

A. Developments in global cultures and regional reactions, including science and consumer culture B. Interactions between elite and popular culture and art C. Patterns of resistance including religious responses

8. Demographic and environmental changes (migrations; changes in birthrates and death rates; new forms of urbanization; deforestation; green/environmental movements)

9. Diverse interpretations

A. Is cultural convergence or diversity the best model for understanding increased intercultural contact in the twentieth century?

B. What are the advantages and disadvantages of using units of analysis in the twentieth century, such as the nation, the world, the West, and the Third World?

Major Comparisons and Snapshots

Patterns and results of decolonization in Africa and India Pick two revolutions (Russian, Chinese, Cuban, Iranian) and compare their effects on the roles of women Compare the effects of the World Wars on areas outside of Europe Compare legacies of colonialism and patterns of economic development in two of three areas (Africa, Asia, and Latin

America) The notion of "the West" and "the East" in the context of Cold War ideology Compare nationalist ideologies and movements in contrasting European and colonial environments Compare the different types of independence struggles Compare the impacts of Western consumer society on two civilizations outside of Europe Compare high tech warfare with guerrilla warfare Different proposals (or models) for third world economic development and the social and political consequences

Examples of What You Need to KnowBelow are examples of the types of information you are expected to know contrasted with examples of those things you are not expected to know for the multiple-choice section.

Causes of the World Wars, but not battles in the wars Cultural and political transformations resulting from the wars, but not French political and cultural history Fascism, but not Mussolini's internal policies Feminism and gender relations, but not Simone de Beauvoir or Huda Shaarawi The growth of international organizations, but not the history of the ILO Colonial independence movements, but not the details of a particular struggle

The issue of genocide, but not Cambodia, Rwanda, or Kosovo The internationalization of popular culture, but not the Beatles Artistic Modernism, but not Dada

Period 6: Accelerating Global Change and Realignments, c. 1900 to present

Key Concept 6.1 Science and the Environment

1. How did science affect humans’ conception of the natural world in the 20th century?

2. What new technologies and discoveries affected communication, transportation, and conceptions of the 19th

century-20th century?

3. How did scientific discoveries affect humans’ ability to feed and care for themselves?

4. What new energy technologies affected the 20th century?

5. How did humans’ relationship to the environment change in the 20th century?

6. What negative consequences in the 20th century accompanied the benefits of industrialization?

7. What caused some of the major demographic changes in the 20 century?

8. How did the invention of reliable birth control affect gender roles?

9. How did new military technology affect wartime casualties?

Key Concept 6.2 Global Conflicts and their Consequences

10. Why did older, land-based empires decline and/or collapse?

11. What new movements challenged the status quo during the age of imperial rule?

12. Who helped lead and define these movements?

13. What new identities were used to unite populations spread across national borders?

14. What ideologies were often used to “undo” imperialism?

15. How were colonial peoples affected by the change of old colonial boundaries?

16. How were relationships between imperial powers and former colonies maintained after the end of those

empires?

17. What circumstances contributed to genocide and mass refugee populations?

18. How did the World Wars affect the nature of war and the relationship of the government to their populations?

19. What ideologies motivated the World War conflicts?

20. How did the world’s balance of power change during the Cold War?

21. What were the Cold War’s military consequences?

22. What caused the Cold War to end?

23. How did various reactions to the violence of the 20th century compare?

24. How did the anti-war and non-violence movements respond to the century’s many wars?

25. What alternatives were offered to the economic, political, and social social status quo?

26. How did reactions by governments and militaries affect the degree of conflict during the 20th century?

27. Why did some movements use terrorism for political purposes?

28. How was popular culture affected by the global conflicts?

Key Concept 6.3 New Conceptualizations of Global Economy, Society, & Culture

29. What new governmental institutions emerged as a result of the 20 century conflicts?

30. What made these new institutions possible?

31. What role did they play in the world during the 20 century?

32. How did new international organizations affect the relationship of states and peoples around the world?

33. What were the economic effects of new international organizations? Humanitarian effects?

34. How did international trade and commerce develop in the 20 century?

35. How did these economic developments affect the distribution of world resources?

36. What new social and cultural ideologies developed, and what were the consequences and reactions to these

ideologies?

37. How did communities of faith respond to the rapid changes in the 20 century?

38. How did the global nature of culture affect sports, music, fashions, and the arts?

Must Know PeopleUnited States Woodrow Wilson

Ronald Reagan:

Latin American

Fidel Castro:

Agusto Pinochet:

Lazaro Cardenas (Mexico):

Juan Peron (Argentina):

Hugo Chaevez (Venezeula):

Getulio Vargas Brazil):

Joao Goulart (Brazil):

Augusto Pinochet (Chile):

Salvador Allende (Chile):

Sandinistas (Nicaragua):

Contras (Nicaragua):

European Winston Churchill:

Adolf Hitler:

Mussolini:

Margaret Thatcher:

Pablo Picasso:

Vincent Van Gogh:

Salvador Dali:

Russia/USSR Joseph Stalin:

Vladimir Lenin:

Nikita Kruschev:

Mikhail Gorbachev:

Middle Eastern/West Asia

Yasser Arafat:

Ayatollah Khomeini:

Saddam Hussein:

Ataturk/Mustapha Kemal:

Saddam Hussein

South/SE Asian

Jawaharlal Nehru:

Muhammad Ali Jinnah:

Thich Quang Duc:

Ho Chi Minh:

Osama bin Laden

East Asia Tōjō Hideki:

Emperor Hirohito:

Sun Yat Sen:

Mao Zedong/Mao Tse-Tung:

Mohandas/Mahatma Gandhi:

Deng Xiaoping:

Africa Kwame Nkrumah:

Patrice Lumumba:

Gamal Abdel Nasser:

Nelson Mandela:

Hosni Mubarak:

Muammar Gaddafi

Must Know Societies 1900-Present

Name of country (and previous name if applicable)

Style of Government Notable Leaders Recent Events

Ottoman Empire/Turkey:

Russian Empire/Soviet Union/Russia:

Unified Germany/Third Reich/Germany:

Unified Italy:

Yugoslavia/Kosovo

Armenia

Qing Empire/People’s Republic of China

Taiwan

Vietnam

Cambodia

Philippines

India

Pakistan

Bangladesh

Afghanistan

Palestine

Israel

Egypt

Algeria

Congo

Rwanda

Angola

Namibia

South Africa

Chile

Brazil

Argentina

Venezuela

Dominicans Republic

Cuba

Peru

Guatemala

Nicaragua

El Salvador

Mexico

Sokoto Caliphate(1809-1906) Modern Day Nigeria

Muslim State Sultanates of Gobir, Kebbi, and Zamfara

Center of Islamic learning

Must Know Dates

1894-95: First Sino-Japanese War, Qing China and Meiji Japan over control of Korea (Japan won)

1900: Boxer Rebellion in China (against spread of Japanese and Western influence)

1905: Russo Japanese War (fight over Manchuria and Korea-Japan wins)

1910-1920: Mexican Revolution (Diaz toppled by Madero, social revolution established social constitution-Constitutionalists led by Carranza and Obregon, other revolutions led by Pancho Villa and Emilio Zapato)

1911: Chinese Revolution/end of the Qing Dynasty

1914-1919: WWI, Treaty of Versailles

1915: Armenian Genocide by the Ottoman Turks

1917: Russian Revolution, overthrow of Tsar Nicholas

1929: stock market and Great Depression

1937-1945: Second Sino-Japanese War over Manchuria (leading into WWII)

1931: Japanese invasion of Manchuria

1935: Italian invasion of Ethiopia

1939: German blitzkrieg of Poland

1941: Pearl Harbor bombed

1943: Soviets defeat Germans at Stalingrad

1945: end of WWII, dropping of atomic bombs in Japan

1947: Freedom and partition of India, creation of Pakistan

1948: birth of Israel/UN Universal Declaration of Human Rights

1949: Chinese Communist Revolution led by Mao Zedong

1950-1953: Korean War/1954-Vietnamese defeat French at Dien Bien Phu

1956: de-Stalinization/Nationalization of Suez Canal

1957: Ghana is the first African nation to gain indepdendence

1959: Cuban revolution and invention of the silicon chip (beginning of computer age)

1967: 6 day war/Chinese Cultural Revolution

1973: Yom Kippur War-a war fought by the coalition of Arab states led by Egypt and Syria against Israel from October 6 to 25, 1973. Goal was to destroy the state of Israel

1979: Iranian Revolution: overthrowing of the Shah, the establishment of the Islamic Republic if Iran with Ayatollah Khomeini

1987: First Palestinian Intifada - was a Palestinian uprising against the Israeli occupation of the Palestinian Territories

1989: Tiananmen Square/Fall of Berlin Wall/Communist countries begin collapsing

1990: Namibia is the last country to gain independence in Africa

1991: Collapse of USSR/First Gulf War

1992: Bosnian Genocide (ethnic cleansing)

1994: Genocide in Rwanda/first All Ethnic election in South Africa-Mandela elected president

2001: 9/11 attacks/War in Afghanistan

2003: War in Iraq looking for WOMD

2007: Great Global Recession begins

2011: Wikileaks/moves for democracy in Tunisia, Egypt, Syria, Yemen, Bahrain, Libya, etc.

2011: The Arab Spring was a revolutionary wave of demonstrations and protests (both non-violent and violent), riots, and civil wars in the Arab world that began on 18 December 2010 in Tunisia with the Tunisian Revolution, and spread throughout the countries of the Arab League and its surroundings. The most radical discourse from Arab Spring into the still ongoing civil wars took place in Syria and Iraq as early as the second half of 2011. The term "Arab Spring" fell into a complete disuse by late 2013. By the end of February 2012, rulers had been forced from power in Tunisia, Egypt, Libya, and Yemen; civil uprisings had erupted in Bahrain and Syria.

What is it?The Starry Night is an oil on canvas by the Dutch post-impressionist painter Vincent van Gogh.

What society is it from and where is it located?

What does it represent?

When was it created?

What is it?The painting, by Cubist artist Pablo Picasso is believed to be a response to the bombing of Guernica, a Basque Country village in northern Spain, by German and Italian warplanes at the request of the Spanish Nationalists.What society is it from and where is it located?

What does it represent?

When was it created?

What is it?Immigrant children asleep on a grate,

What society is it from and where is it located?

What does it represent?

When was it created?Late 19th/early 20th century

What is it?Rosie the Riveter a cultural icon of the United States, representing the American women who worked in factories and shipyards during World War II, many of whom produced munitions and war supplies. Particular image was "We Can Do It!" by J. Howard Miller was made as an inspirational image to boost worker morale.

What society is it from and where is it located?

What does it represent?

When was it created?

What is it?Thích Quảng Đức was a Vietnamese Mahayana Buddhist monk who burned himself to death at a busy Saigon road intersection

What society is it from and where is it located?

What does it represent?

When was it created?

What is it?the Tank Man or Unknown Protester of Tiananmen SquareWhat society is it from and where is it located?

What does it represent?

When was it created?

Arab/Israeli ConflictIsrael Topic Palestine

Type of Government

Name of Leader

Main Religion

Role of Women

View of Conflict

Allies

Desired Outcome

Crash Course World History: Archdukes, Cynicism, and World War I

1. What started WWI? How did it start WWI?

2. What does John Green say are the most important causes of WWI?

3. Name 4 of the countries that sent troops to help the British army?

4. What were the effects of members of the European colonies’ engagement in the war?

5. What were the main reasons that the war was so deadly?

6. Name some new inventions created during WWI?

7. Describe trench warfare? What were the downsides and upsides?

8. What were the effect/outcomes of WWI on?A. Germany?

B. Russia?

C. United States?

# 37-Crash Course World History: Communists, Nationalists, and China's Revolutions

Response Questions: 1. Why was China’s 1911 Revolution more significant to world history (at least according to Green) than the

more well-known Communist Revolution of 1949? [Hint: Make sure to watch entire video]

2. Why did the Qing’s Self Strengthening Movement fail?

3. Why is “Chinese Republic” a misleading designation for the period between 1912 and 1949 in China?

4. Why did the alliance between the Nationalists and Communists fail?

5. Describe five factors that contributed to Communist victory in 1949.a.

b.

c.

d.

e.

6. What promises did Communists make to the Chinese people? Which of these promises did they fail to deliver?

7. Compare and contrast Mao’s two major campaigns to industrialize China.

8. Name three consequences of the Cultural Revolution.a.

b.

c.

Crash Course World History: Decolonization and Nationalism 1. Why are the Mongols not the exception in this CC episode?

2. What makes the recent decolonization so special? What is the reason?

3. List at least 5 new countries after WWII as a result of decolonization?

4. Why does Gandhi stand out in his efforts to decolonization?

5. What was the reality of the Indian/Pakistan partition?

6. What country colonized Indonesia?

7. Compare (similar and difference) the independence movements between two of the following countries.

Indonesia Vietnam Cambodia EgyptSimilarities Differences

8. What were some challenges that African nations faced once the Europeans left their colonies?

9. Give an example of African success since decolonization.

Crash Course World History: World War II1. Why are wars always the focus of History tests?

2. When did WWII start? What are there different perspectives?

3. How was combat new in WWII? Give examples.

4. Why was 1941 an important year for WWII?

5. What was the significance of the battle of Stalingrad?

6. How was food production a cause of WWII? Do you agree?

7. Who was the biggest imperialist of WWII? Why?

8. What is total war? What does it look like? Give examples.

Crash Course World History: COLD WAR1. What was the Cold War about? Give evidence.

2. What was Winston Churchill referring to when he used the term “Iron Curtain?”

3. When did the Cold War begin and end? What is the debate about those dates?

4. Why did the U.S. have the advantage in the early portion of the Cold War?

5. Define the following terms:***AP CONCEPT***

A. First world:

B. Second World:

C. Third world:

6. Why did it seem like the Soviets come out ahead?

7. Why did Soviet socialism not work?

8. Why did the Cold War end when it did?

9. Give an example of a violent transition from Communism and a successful transition.Iran’s Revolutions-Crash Course

1. What was the reason for the 1979 Iranian revolution?

2. Which Empire under which king made Shia Islam the National Religion?

3. What did the Qajars do?

4. When was Iran’s first revolution and what did it try to accomplish?

5. Who did the CIA and Britain try to stage a coup for?

6. What began under the Shah that would modernize Iran?

7. Who spoke out against the White Revolution?

8. Which culture began to sweep Iran and became its cultural model?

9. What replaced the monarchy and what political system did Khomeini theorize?

10. What modern revolution called for more rights and liberties?

Conflict in Israel and Palestine-Crash Course1. What is the conflict REALLY about?

2. What was the name of the main proponent of the Zionist movement?

3. Most Zionists were considered to be what?

4. How did the British mess up Palestine

5. How did the Jewish people gain control over Palestine

6. Who won the 1948 Arab-Israeli War and in which year?

7. What areas did the Israelis win after the Six days war?

8. What does the term “Palestinian” mean?

9. Explain Intifada and which political group arose due to this

10. What is necessary for both Zionist and Palestinian Nationalists to work?

Congo and Africa's World War

1.) True or False: King Leopold was a fantastic ruler of the Congo. If false, correct it

2.) Who staged a coup and seized control of the government?

3.) The new ruler was able to build the economy at first due to what?

4.) What was the Congo’s name changed to under this new rule?

5.) What was considered the first Congo War?

6.) What was considered the second Congo War and how long did it last?

7.) What started the war mentioned above?

8.) Kabila was assassinated by whom? When?

9.) Who stepped in to provide governmental services when there were none?

Crash Course World History: “Globalization” # 411. What is globalization?

2. Trade has been around in the earliest societies we have studied, so why has trade increased so dramatically recently?Trade has increased(short answer) Extended answer

a.

b.

c.

3. What has traditionally been US involvement in the production of cotton?

4. Chart the ways capitalism has been good for people of the world according to Green.Good effects of global capitalism Bad effects of global capitalism

5. Migration is more prevalent in this era because- a.b.c.6. List three examples of cultural blending.a.b.c.7. What are remittances?

8. Summarize what have you learned about global capitalism from this video.

Democracy, Authoritarian Capitalism, and China1.) Which century was the high tide for democracy?

2.) What idea was developed in the western countries during the 19th and 20th centuries?

3.) True or False: Singapore’s government is huge. If false, correct it.

4.) Which country has the second largest economy in the world?

5.) What opens up the Chinese economy to massive corruption?

6.) China’s economic structure tends to work for what type of countries and why?

7.) True or False: China is a one party state.

8.) What country has one of the most highly regarded and unique health care system?

 

North America/Mesoamerica

South/Latin America