1. News Story from last night.

2. What region is Peru located? a. North Americab. Central Americac. South America

3. Why do you think the Panama Canal was important to the United States?

THEODORE ROOSEVELT’S IMPACT ON THE FOREIGN POLICY OF THE UNITED STATES

"Speak softly, and carry a Big Stick; you will go far." — Theodore Roosevelt

Standard 5b: The student will demonstrate

knowledge of the changing role of the United States from the late nineteenth century through World War I by describing Theodore Roosevelt’s impact on the foreign policy of the United States.

Essential Understanding Roosevelt expanded the Monroe

Doctrine as a way to prevent European involvement in the affairs of Latin American countries.

Results of the Spanish American War: The United States emerged as a world

power. Cuba gained independence from Spain.

The United States gained possession of the Philippines, Guam, and Puerto Rico.

Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine: asserted the United States’ right to

interfere in the economic matters of other nations in the Americas

claimed the United States’ right to exercise international police power

Big Stick Diplomacy United States became known as “The

World’s Policeman” The United States will actively use political

and military force to achieve goals and national policies

This brought about the building of the Panama Canal. The United States wanted a quicker way to

travel from the Atlantic to Pacific oceans.

Changes in United States’ Diplomacy Stance Pres. Theodore Roosevelt brought the United

States out of isolation on world events. He believed that the United States must be

active in the world or lose it valuable trade and hurt the United States economy.

Roosevelt wanted the European powers out of the Western Hemisphere North America, Central America, South America,

and the Caribbean

Labeling the Western Hemisphere Canada USA Mexico Panama Columbia Brazil Chile Bolivia

Nicaragua Venezuela Cuba Jamaica Puerto Rico Dominican Republic Peru

North America, Central America, South America, Carribbean – color these regions on the map

The Panama Canal With U.S. instigation and help, the

Panamanians revolted from Colombia and immediately made a treaty permitting the U.S. to build a canal across the isthmus.

 Construction of the Panama Canal began in 1904, and was completed in 1914.

The Panama Canal

Map of the Western Hemisphere

Red line showed path around before the Panama canalThe Green line shows the path used by ships once the Panama Canal was built

Reasons for the United States’ involvement in World War I Inability to remain neutral German unrestricted submarine

warfare: Sinking of the Lusitania United States economic and political

ties to Great Britain The Zimmermann Telegram

Inability to Remain Neutral

The Monroe Doctrine – Europe stays out of Western Hemisphere

U.S. was the “World’s Policeman” The U.S. had trade partners in Europe

England, France, Germany, Russia There were many European Immigrants in

the USA England, Germany, Southern Europe (Austria-

Hungary)

German Unrestricted Submarine Warfare:

U-Boats (Submarine) of Germany attacked ships with torpedoes and deck guns.

They would warn a ship to get everyone off at first, then stopped warning ships.

The Germans would look at the ship’s cargo-if there were materials, they would sink the ship.

Example of ship Sinking: SS Lusitania Warned while in port, U-Boat sank the Lusitania.

United States Economic and Political Ties to Great Britain

Economic Ties: USA and England have strong trade agreements The USA sells many products to UK, and UK sells

many products in the USA

Political Ties: The American colonies were BRITISH, and this was

a key consideration! Even during the American Civil War, the British gave

the USA support, they also gave Money to the Confederates.

The Zimmermann Telegram or Note

The Zimmermann Telegram

In early 1917, British cryptographers were surprised when a encoded German transmission came across their desks. These experts were able to decipher the message.

The Zimmerman telegram was a secret communication from German Foreign Minister Arthur Zimmerman to the German Minister to Mexico von Eckhardt. It contained an offer of US territory for

Mexico, if it joined the German cause.

The Zimmermann Telegram

The British capitalized on that attitude, and in a politically smart move, they showed the United States the telegram on February 24, 1917.

The United States published the telegram, making the public aware of it on March 1. The public opinion quickly became a definite pro-war.

WAR! Congress officially declared war against

Germany and its allies on April 6, 1917.