1 chapter 9 printed & electronic reference sources haz mat technician 1b applied chemistry...

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Chapter 9 Printed & Electronic Reference Sources

Haz Mat Technician 1BApplied Chemistry

California Specialized Training Institute

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Session Objectives

The student will be able to: Identify the four types of printed and electronic

reference sources Describe the advantages and disadvantages of

each reference source Utilize various reference sources to identify

hazard and response information for the provided chemicals

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Can be into four types: Database - concentrates on specific

property data Guidebook - action guides Specialty - a highly specific and narrow

topic Regulatory - codes, regulations,

ordinances, response plans

Printed & Electronic Reference Sources

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Advantages: increasing amount of information available updated versions faster and less expensive less cumbersome are becoming faster, smaller, more powerful,

more reliable, with greater storage capacities

Electronic Data Reference Sources

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Advantages: peripherals enhance our ability to function notebook computers allow battery power wireless access to the evolving Internet more information available on Internet CD storage capacity for information more versatile and interactive software


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Disadvantages: corruption, crash or freeze problems easily damaged power outages connection problems data may not be current or reliable user proficiency


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Printed and Electronic Data Reference Sources

Maintain backup power source Maintain current versions of printed

references

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Contain vast amounts of technical data hundreds to thousands of chemicals

Usually the most valuable for extracting specific chemical data

Concentrate on chemical/physical properties May also cover

toxicology reactivity other properties

Database Reference Sources

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Other things you might find include: Common chemical terms Synonyms (cross-referencing common names,

generic names, proper shipping names, etc.) Charts and graphs List of chemical manufacturers


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Chemicals may be arranged in many ways: in alphabetical order in a numerical order

CAS number UN/NA number

in an alphanumeric system to accommodate chemicals with isomers chemicals listed first alphabetically, then

numerically


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Differ considerably from guidebook reference sources Do not usually contain action guides

Can have their own areas of emphasis May have chapters dealing with a variety of

additional topics Limitations of a particular reference source

should not detract from its usefulness


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Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials (Sax Manual)

Hawley’s Condensed Chemical Dictionary CHRIS Manual, US Coast Guard NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards Merck Index Hazardous Materials Handbook (Pohanish) A Comprehensive Guide to the Hazardous

Properties of Chemical Substances

Common Database Reference Sources

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SAX Manual contains over 30,000 chemicals in 3 volumes

each new edition adds about 2000 entries Synonyms, cross-indexed CAS numbers, cross-indexed DOT identification numbers, cross-indexed ACGIH Table of TLVs Table of abbreviations used in the manual

Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials

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Why so popular: Reliability, updated routinely Large size of database Relative ease of use Extensive information profile for most chemicals Good source of health and toxicological data


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Limitations: liberal use of abbreviations toxicity data is sometimes difficult to interpret spelling of some chemicals is complex molecular formula is presented in simplest form

not the more informative expanded form

C10H19O6PS2 Simple Molecular Formula - SAX Manual

(CH3O)2P(S)SCH(COOC2H5)CH2COOC2H5 Expanded Molecular Formula - Chemical Dictionary


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Other limitations No chemical protective clothing recommendations No evacuation suggestions No decontamination suggestions No emergency action guides or suggestions No neutralization or cleanup guidelines No container identification


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Other limitations No definitions of chemical terms and phrases Limited information on symptoms of exposure No first aid actions Limited information on antidotes or notes to

physician No proper chemical names (some entries, such as

malathion, are listed by generic name only)


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Typical Entry for Arsenic

ENTRY NAME ARSENIC CAS:7440-38-2 HR:3and CAS numberDOT Hazard Code DOT: UN 1558

mf: As aw: 74.92Physical Properties PROP. Silvery to black, brittle, crystalline, or amorphous metalloid.

Mp: 814o, bp: subl @ 612o; d: black crystals 5.72 @ 14o; Insol in water; sol in HNO3

Synonyms SYNS: Arsenicals; Arsen; Arsenic Black; Arseni-75; Grey Arsenic; Metallic ArsenicToxicity Data TOXICITY DATA with REFERENCE:

Orl-man: TDLo: 76 mg/kg/12Y-I: CARImp-rbt TDLo: 75 mg/kg:ETAOrl-man TDLo:7857 mg/kg/55Y:SKN

Standards OSHA PEL: TWA 0.01 mg(As)/m3; Cancer Hazard.ACGIH TLV: TWA 0.2 mg/m3; Human CarcinogenNIOSH REL: CL not to exceed 2µg(As)/m3

DOT CLASSIFICATION: 6.1; Label: PoisonSafety Profiles Safety Profile: Confirmed human carcinogen producing liver tumors. Poison by subcutaneous, intramuscular, and

intrperitonel routes. Human systemic skin and gastrointestinal effects by ingestion. When heated or on contactwith acid or acid fumes, it emits highly toxic fumes; can react vigorously on contact with oxidizing materials.Incompatible with bromine azide, dirubidium acetylize, halogens, palladium, zinc, platinum, lithium.

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electronic version of the printed reference contains the same database well designed user friendly very fast

Dangerous Properties Of Industrial Materials (Sax Manual)

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Excellent “search” capability: Chemical name or portion of name Synonym CAS Number Molecular weight Hazard class rating


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Typical “search” or “query” window


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Selected page

Dangerous Properties Of Industrial Materials(Sax Manual)

ARSENIC [Sax]DPIM: ARA750 Hazard Rating: 3CAS: 7440-38-2DOT Number: UN 1558A Formula: As A Weight: 74.92Properties:Silvery to black, brittle, crystalline, or amorphous metalloid. Melting point: 814º @ 36 atmosphere, boiling point: sublimes @ 612º,density: black crystals 5.724 @ 14º, black amorphous 4.7, vapor pressure: 1 millimeter @ 372º (sublimes). Insoluble in water;soluble in HNO3.

Synonyms:ARSEN (GERMAN, POLISH) ARSENICALS ARSENICALSARSENIC, metallic (DOT) COLLOIDAL ARSENIC COLLOIDAL ARSENICARSENIC BLACK ARSENIC BLACK GREY ARSENIC GREY ARSENICARSENIC-75 ARSENIC 75

TOXICITY DATA with REFERENCECytogenetic Analysis-Mouse-Intraperitoneal 4 mg/kg/48H-I EXPEAM 37,129,81Cytogenetic Analysis-Mouse-Oral 280 mg/kg/8W MUREAV 113,293,83Oral-Rat TDLo:605 mg/kg (35W preg):Reproductive effects GISAAA (8)30,77 Oral-Rat TDLo:580

mg/kg (female 30Wpre):Teratogenic effects

FATOAO 41,620,78Oral-Man TDLo:76 mg/kg/12Y-I:Carcinogenic effects RMCHAW 99,664,71Implant-Rabbit, adult TDLo:75 mg/kg:Equivocal tumorigenic agent ZEKBAI 52,425,42Oral-Man TDLo:7857 mg/kg/55Y:Skin CMAJAX 120,168,79Oral-Man TDLo:7857 mg/kg/55Y:Gastrointestinal tract effects CMAJAX 120,168,79Oral-Rat LD50:763 mg/kg GTPZAB 31(12),53,87Intraperitoneal-Rat LD50:13,390 mg/kg GTPZAB 31(12),53,87Intraperitoneal-Mouse LD50:46,200 mg/kg GTPZAB 31(12),53,87Subcutaneous-Rabbit, adult LDLo:300 mg/kg ASBIAL 24,442,38Subcutaneous-Guinea Pig, adult LDLo:300 mg/kg ASBIAL 24,442,38

Consensus Reports:NTP 7th Annual Report on Carcinogens. IARC Cancer Review: Group 1 IMEMDT 7,100,87; Human Sufficient EvidenceIMEMDT 23,39,80; Human Inadequate Evidence IMEMDT 2,48,73. Reported in EPA TSCA Inventory. Arsenic and itscompounds are on the Community Right-To-Know List.

Standards and RecommendationsOSHA PEL: TWA 0.01 mg(As)/m3; Cancer HazardACGIH TLV: TWA 0.2 mg(As)/m3 (Proposed: 0.01 mg(As)/m3; Human Carcinogen)DFG TRK: 0.2 mg/m3 calculated as arsenic in that portion of dust that can possibly be inhaledNIOSH REL: CL 2 mg(As)/m3 DOT Classification: 6.1; Label: Poison

SAFETY PROFILE:Confirmed human carcinogen producing liver tumors. Poison by subcutaneous, intramuscular, and intraperitoneal routes. Humansystemic skin and gastrointestinal effects by ingestion. An experimental teratogen. Other experimental reproductive effects. Mutationdata reported. Flammable in the form of dust when exposed to heat or flame or by chemical reaction with powerful oxidizers such asbromates, chlorates, iodates, peroxides, lithium, NCl3, KNO3, KMnO4, Rb2C2, AgNO4, NOCl, IF5, CrO3, CIF3, ClO, BrF3,BrF5, BrN3, RbC3BCH, CsC3BCH. Slightly explosive in the form of dust when exposed to flame. When heated or on contact withacid or acid fumes, it emits highly toxic fumes; can react vigorously on contact with oxidizing materials. Incompatible with bromineazide, dirubidium acetylide, halogens, palladium, zinc, platinum, NCl3, AgNO3, CrO3, Na2O2, hexafluoroisopropylideneaminolithium.

Analytical Methods: For occupational chemical analysis use OSHA: #ID-105 or NIOSH: Arsenic (Hydride AAS), 7900.

Class: Mutagen; Food Additive; Confirmed Carcinogen; Reproductively Active; Standards or Recommendations

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Contains about 5000 chemical entries Another 4000 chemical and physical terms Each new edition adds about 200 new listings Laid out very much like a dictionary Easy to use

Hawley’s Condensed Chemical Dictionary

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Sections: Introduction - explains how to use the book Table of Abbreviations Table of the Origin of Chemical Terms Table of the History of Chemistry Table of Manufacturers of Trademark Products


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Advantages: Reliability Thoroughness regarding chemical and physical

properties Readability and ease of use Inclusion of terms, phenomenon, and process

definitions Use of expanded molecular formulas Identifies typical uses of the substance in industry


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Limitations: Very limited synonym listings for each entry Very limited toxicological data No chemical protective clothing recommendations No evacuation distances or suggestions No decontamination suggestions No emergency action and intervention guides No container descriptions and identification No first aid or antidote information


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Typical Entry for Sulfur

Entry Name sulfur.CAS Number CAS: 7704-34-9Mol.F. S; Nonmetallic element, atomic number 16, group VIA of

periodic system, Awt. 32.06, valences 2, 4, 6; four stableisotopes.

Properties Properties: Pure sulfur exists in two stable crystalline forms, and , and at least two amorphous f(liquid) forms. (1) sulfur is rhombic, octahedral,yellow crystals; stable at roomtemperature; transition to form at 94.5 degrees ; mp112.8 degrees C. (2) form is monoclinic, prismatic, paleyellow crystals slowly changing to form below 94 degreesC; mp 119 degrees C; bp 444 degrees C; flash p. 405degrees F, auto ignition 450 degrees F. Both formsinsoluble in water, slightly soluble in alcohol and ether,soluble in carbon disulfide, carbon tetrachloride andbenzene.

Derivation Derivation: Direct mining by Frasch process, smelter wastgas, sour natural gas, coal, iron pyrites, gypsum, solventextraction of volcanic ash, photolysis of hyrodgen sulfide.

Hazard Hazard: Fire and explosion risk in finely divided form, ordust.

Uses Use: Sulfuric acid, pulp and paper manufacture, carbondisulfide, rubber vulcanization, detergents, dyes, drugs andpharmaceuticals, explosives, insecticides, rodent repellents,soil conditioner, cement, road pavement, photographic film,fertilizers.

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electronic version of the printed reference contains same database as the printed

manual well designed, user friendly and very fast


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Excellent “search” capability: Chemical name or portion of name Synonym CAS Number Molecular weight Hazard class rating

Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary

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A typical “query”

Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary

acetaldehyde [Hawley’s]Synonyms: acetic aldehyde

aldehydeethanalethyl aldehyde

CAS: 75-07-0M Formula: CH3CHOProperties:Colorless liquid; pungent, fruity odor. Density 0.783 (18/4C), boiling point 20.2C, melting point -123.5C, vapor

pressure 740.0 millimeter (20C), flash point -40F (-40C) (open cup), specific heat 0.650,refractive index 1.3316 (20C), wt 6.50 pound/gal (20C). Miscible with water, alcohol, ether,

benzene, gasoline, solvent naphtha, toluene, xylene, turpentine, and acetone.Derivation: (1) Oxidation of ethylene, (2) vapor phase oxidation of ethanol, (3) vapor-phase oxidation of propane and

butane, (4) catalytic reaction of acetylene and water (chiefly in Germany).

Grade: Technical 99%.

Hazard: Highly flammable, toxic (narcotic). Dangerous fire, explosion risk, explosive limits in air 4–57%. TLV:100 ppm.

Use: Manufacture of acetic acid and acetic anhydride, n-butanol, 2-ethylhexanol, peracetic acid, aldol, pentaerythritol,pyridines, chloral, 1,3-butylene glycol, and trimethylolpropane; synthetic flavors.

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Commonly known as the CHRIS Manual Consists of three volumes, in very large

three-ring binders A single chemical entry on one entire page Very detailed Contains some unique data fields

Chemical Hazard Response Information System (CHRIS Manual)

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Contains 1300 very detailed entries new editions usually has only 20 new entries

Chemicals in its database represent principally chemicals transported over water regulated by transportation standards For spills on water or that threaten waterways an excellent resource for chemical emergencies

on land


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Advantages: Reliability (data is accurate and thorough) Comprehensive detail on physical and chemical

properties (considered the best) One full page dedicated to just one chemical Easy-to-use format design


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Advantages: Contains some precautionary emergency action

suggestions - highlighted in red Provides some health hazard information not

available in other references Contains considerable information regarding

reactive hazards, pollution, contamination


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Includes special sections : Very detailed explanations of terms A chapter with conversion factors A separate table listing reactivity groups An index to synonyms

Two main disadvantages database limited to water transportation chemicals difficult to read print


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Electronic version Available on CD In ChemKnowledge In OREIS

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Typical Entry for Hydrogen Chloride

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Laid out in a table format referred to as the chemical listing

Contains 700 chemical entries Updated every two to three years Each revision adds five to ten new entries

NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards

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Features include: Explanation of abbreviations and terms used A personal protection and sanitation chart A chart of symbols, code components, and codes

used for respirator selection A chart of abbreviations for symptoms of

exposure and target organs A CAS number index A DOT I.D. number index A synonym and trade name index


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Advantages: very reliable and easy and use. arranged in a pocket guide style lists ionization potential good source for PEL, TLV-TWA, and IDLH

values has information on target organ effects.


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Limitations: focus is on health-related data detailed physical and chemical properties are

beyond the scope of its intent database is limited to just 700 chemicals difficult to read contains no emergency action guidelines.


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Electronic version Available on CD In ChemKnowledge In OREIS


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Typical Entry for MEK Peroxide & Xylene

Chemical name,

structure formula, CAS and RTECS Nos., and DOT ID

and guide Nos.

Synonyms

trade names and conversion

factors

Exposure

Limits (TWA

unless noted otherwise)

IDLH

Physical

description

Chemical and physical

properties

MW, BP, SOL, Fl.P., IP, Sp.Gr., Flammability

VP, FRZ UEL, LEL

Methyl ethyl ketone peroxide C8H16OC4 1338-23-4 EL9450000

2-Butanone peroxide; Ethyl methyl ketone peroxide; MEKP; MEK peroxide; 1 ppm = 7.21 mg/m3

NIOSH C 0.2 ppm (1.5 mg/m3) OSHA (none)

N.D.

Colorless liquid with a characteristic odor. [Note; Explosive decomposition occurs at 230oF]

MW: 176.2 BO: 244oF (Decomposes) Sol: Soluble Fl.P: 125-200oF SpGr: (59oF) 1.12 Combustible liquid

VP: ? FRZ: ? UEL:? LEL: ?

Xylene

C 6H4(CH3)2 108-38-3 ZE2275000 1307 130

1,3-Dimethyl benzene; meta-Xylene; meta-Xylol 1 ppm = 4.34 mg/m3

NIOSH100ppm (435 mg/m3) ST 150 ppm (655 mg/m3 OSHA [1910.1028] 100 ppm (435 mg/m3)

900 ppm

Colorless liquid with an aromatic odor

MW: 106.2BP: 282oF Sol: Slight Fl.P: 82oF IP: 8.56 eV

VP: 9mmFRZ: -54oF UEL: 7.0% LEL: 1.1%

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The Merck Index

Useful for medical information Can be technical Appendix of radioactive isotopes and half

lives Electronic version available on CD

Very user-friendly Minimal instructions Tiny print

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Typical display

The Merck Index

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Newcomer to the haz mat database style Contains a great deal of technical information Printed and electronic versions available

Pohanish’s Hazardous Materials Handbook

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Searches include: Name or synonym CAS or DOT I.D. numbers NFPA or by label markings Properties or physical state Emergency response Chemical reactivity


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Search screen


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Typical entry


CALCIUM HYPOCHLORITE Decomposes in heat or sunlight. Incompatible with acids, moisture, reducingagents, combustible materials, all other chemicals, especially acetylene, aniline and all other amines, anthracene, carbon tetrachloride, ironoxide, manganese oxide, mercaptans, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, nitromethane, organic matter, organic sulfides, phenol,

1-propanethiol, propyl mercaptan, sulfur, organic sulfur compounds. [C:1000]SYNONYMS: B-K POWDER HY-CHLOR

BLEACHING POWDER HYPOCHLOROUS ACID, CALCIUMCALCIUM CHLOROHYDROCHLORITE LIME CHLORIDECAL HYPO LO-BAXCALCIUM HYPOCHLORIDE LOSANTINCALCIUM OXYCHLORIDE PERCHLORONCAPORIT PITTCIDECCH PITTCHLORCHLORIDE of LIME SENTRYCHLORINATED LIME HTH DRY CHLORINEEEC NO. 017-012-00-7 NEUTRAL ANHYDROUS CALCIUM HYPOCHLORITEHTH RTECS NO. NH3485000

IDENTIFICATIONCAS Registry Number: 7778-54-3CHRIS Code: CHYDOT ID Number: UN 2208; UN 1748 mixtures, dry; UN2880 (hydrated)PROPER SHIPPING NAME: Calcium hypochlorite, hydrated or Calcium hypochlorite mixtures dry, with not less than 5.5% but

more than 10% water (2880)Calcium hypochlorite, dry or Calcium hypochlorite mixtures dry, with more than 39% availablechlorine (8.8% available oxygen) (1748)Calcium hypochlorite, dry or with more than 10% but not more than 39% available chlorine (2208)

DOT Guide Number: 140STCC Number: 4918715REPORTABLE QUANTITY: 10 lbs./4.45 kgs.

DESCRIPTION: Solid granules or powder. White. Pungent, household bleaching powder odor. Sinks and mixes with water.

EMERGENCY RESPONSE Avoid contact with solid, and dust. Keep people away. Wear goggles and self-contained breathingapparatus. Isolate and remove discharged material. Notify local health and pollution control agencies.INITIAL ISOLATION AND PROTECTIVE ACTION DISTANCES NAFIRE · Not flammable.· MAY CAUSE FIRE ON CONTACT WITH COMBUSTIBLES.· POISONOUS GASES ARE PRODUCED WHEN HEATED.· Wear chemical protective suit including self-contained breathing apparatus.· Extinguish adjacent fires with water.EXPOSURE Short term effects: CALL FOR MEDICAL AID.Solid: Irritating to skin and eyes. If swallowed, will cause nausea, vomiting or loss of consciousness. Remove contaminated clothing andshoes. Flush affected areas with plenty of water. IF IN EYES, hold eyelids open and flush with plenty of water. IF SWALLOWED and victimis CONSCIOUS, have victim drink water or milk. IF SWALLOWED and victim is UNCONSCIOUS OR HAVING CONVULSIONS, donothing except keep victim warm. DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING.WATER POLLUTION· HARMFUL TO AQUATIC LIFE IN VERY LOW CONCENTRATIONS.· May be dangerous if it enters water intakes.· Notify local health and wildlife officials.· Notify operators of nearby water intakes.RESPONSE TO DISCHARGE: Issue warning – corrosive. Disperse and flush.

LABEL: Label(s) required (if not excepted):Oxidizer. Hazard class or division: 5.1.CHEMICAL DESIGNATIONS: Compatibility Hazard class or division: Not listed.

FORMULA: Ca(OCl)2OBSERVABLE CHARACTERISTICSPhysical state (as shipped): SolidColor: WhiteOdor: Like bleaching powderHEALTH HAZARDSPersonal protective equipment: Protective goggles, dust mask.Symptoms following exposureInhalation: Hypochlorous acid fumes given off only if compound comes in contact with acid, cause severe respiratory tract irritation andpulmonary edema.Ingestion: pain and inflammation of mouth, pharynx, esophagus, and stomach; erosion of mucous membranes, chiefly of the stomach;

Inhalation: Hypochlorous acid fumes given off only if compound comes in contact with acid, cause severe respiratory tract irritation andpulmonary edema.Ingestion: pain and inflammation of mouth, pharynx, esophagus, and stomach; erosion of mucous membranes, chiefly of the stomach;vomiting (hemorrhaging may cause vomitus to resemble coffee grounds); circulatory collapse, with cold and clammy skin, cyanosis, andshallow respiration's; confusion, delirium, coma; edema of pharynx, glottis, and larynx, with stridor and obstruction; perforation of esophagusor stomach, with mediastinitis or peritonitis.Skin Contact: May cause vesicular eruptions and eczematoid dermatitis.Treatment of exposureIngestion: swallow immediately milk, egg white, starch paste, milk of magnesia, aluminum hydroxide gel, or magnesium trisilicate gel.Avoid sodium bicarbonate because of the release of carbon dioxide. Do not use acidic antidotes; cautious gastric lavage with tap water or a1% solution of sodium thiosulfate; milk of magnesia (1 oz) left in the stomach is useful as a mild antacid, adsorbent, demulcent, and cathartic;demulcents, such as starch, egg white, milk, gruel; opiates for the control of pain. Treat shock vigorously with intravenous fluids. Promptsurgical intervention when indicated, e.g., tracheotomy, gastrectomy.Skin: wash with liberal quantities of water and apply a paste of baking soda.Exposure limits (TWA unless otherwise noted): NAShort term exposure limits (15 minute TWA): NAToxicity by ingestion: Grade 0; LD50 above 15 g/kgLong term health effects: May cause dermatitis.Vapor (gas) irritant characteristics: Eye and respiratory tract irritant.Liquid or solid irritant characteristics: Irritates eyes, skin, and mucous membranes.Odor threshold: NAIDLH value: NAFIRE HAZARDSFlash point: Not flammable Flammable limits in air: Not flammableFire extinguishing agents: Use water spray or fog in flooding quantities.Fire extinguishing agents not to be used: Do not use agents containing mono-ammonium phosphate for other ammonium compounds.Special hazards of combustion products: Irritating fumes and poisonous gases may be produced when heated.Behavior in fire: NA Autoignition temperature: Not flammableElectrical hazard: NA Burning rate: Not flammableAdiabatic flame temperature: NA Stoichiometric air to fuel ratio: NAFlame temperature: NACHEMICAL REACTIVITYReactivity with water: Reaction releases chlorine gas. Reactivity with other materials: May cause fire in contact with wood, straw, orother combustible materials. Corrosive to most metals. Forms explosive mixture with ammonia and amines. Reacts with acids, organicsulfides, sulfur, and nitrogen containing compounds, phenol, diethylene glycol, glycerol, and thiols.Stability during transport: The 70% grade may decompose violently if exposed to heat or direct sunlight. Gives off chlorine and chlorinemonoxide above 350? F (poisonous gases).Neutralizing agents for acids and caustics: Dilute with water.Polymerization: Not pertinent Inhibitor of polymerization: Not pertinentMolar ratio: NA Reactivity group: NAENVIRONMENTAL DATAAquatic toxicity: 0.5 ppm/time period not specified/trout/killed/fresh water.Waterfowl toxicity: NA Biological oxygen demand: NAFood chain concentration potential: NASHIPPING INFORMATIONGrades of purity: 70% (self-propagating); 65% (non propagating).Storage temperature: NA Inert atmosphere: NAVenting: NAHAZARD CLASSIFICATIONSN.A.S. Hazard Rating for bulk water transportation: Not listedNFPA hazard classifications:

Health Hazards (blue) 3Flammability (red) 0Reactivity (yellow) 1Special Notice OXY

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIESConversion factor: NA Physical state @ 15? C and 1 atm: OxidizerMolecular weight: 174.98 Boiling point @ 1 atm: NAMelting/freezing point: Decomposes 350? F = 177? C = 450KCritical temperature: NA Critical pressure: NASpecific gravity: 2.35 at 20? C (solid) Liquid surface tension: NALiquid water interfacial tension: NA Relative vapor density (air = 1): NARatio of specific heats of vapor (gas): NA Latent heat of vaporization: NAHeat of combustion: NA Heat of decomposition: NAHeat of solution: NA Heat of polymerization: Not pertinentHeat of fusion: NA Limiting value: NAVapor pressure: NA

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A Comprehensive Guide to Hazardous Properties of Chemical Substances

Also known as Comprehensive Guide to Haz Mat Chemicals

1,500 chemicals listed by chemical class Includes explosives, pesticides, nerve

agents and radioactive substances

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Indexes by chemical name or CAS # Some federal regulatory requirements

Resource Conservation & Recovery Act (RCRA)

Clean Water Act Safe Drinking Act Clean Air Act

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General discussion on toxicity Listing of cancer causing chemicals Listing of chemically addictive substances Available only in printed version

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2.8 HYDRIODIC ACIDDOT Label: Corrosive Material, UN 1787, UN 2197Formula HI; MW 127.91; CAS [10034-85-2]Composition: The acid is a solution of hydrogen iodide gas in water, available in various concentrations (57, 47, and 10%)Uses and Exposure RiskHydriodic acid is used in the manufacture of iodides, as a reducing agent, and in disinfectants and pharmaceuticals.Physical PropertiesThe acid is a colorless liquid, rapidly turning yellow or brown when exposed to light and air. The anhydrous hydriodic acid or hydrogen iodide is a colorless gas, fumes in moist air; decomposed by light; liquefies at –35oC; freezes at –51oC; extremely soluble in water, more so in cold water (900 g/100 mL at 0oC), soluble in may organic solvents. Hydriodic acid is a strong acid (the pH of a 0.1 M solution is 1.0)Health HazardHydriodic acid is a corrosive liquid that can produce burns on contact with the skin. Contact of acid with the eyes can cause severe irritation. The gas, hydrogen iodide, is a strong irritant to the eyes, skin, and mucous membranes. No exposure limit has been set for this gas.Fire and Explosion HazardHydrogen iodide is a noncombustible gas. Reactions with sodium, potassium, and other alkali metals and with magnesium can be violent. Hydrogen iodide is a reducing agent. Therefore, its reactions with strong oxidizing agents can be vigorous to violent. It ignites when mixed with fuming nitric acid, molten potassium chlorate, or other strong oxidizing compounds. When mixed with ozone, explosion may occur.

Typical Entry

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Known as Action Guides Focus on incident intervention activities Formatted to convey information in a

narrative or paragraph form

Guidebook Reference Sources

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Typical guidebook information: Incident intervention suggestions Incident objectives Isolation zones and evacuation suggestions Decontamination guidelines Neutralization, absorption, and/or dilution

guidelines PPE selection (some specific CPC garments)


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Typical guidebook information: Signs and symptoms of exposure First aid and advanced medical care Firefighting methods Fire extinguishing agents Violent reactive features Other precautionary statements


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Contain little information on: physical and chemical properties chemical formulas toxicological data synonym cross-references

Entries often alphabetical or alphanumeric order

Some guidebooks are divided into several chapters


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Some guidebooks provide good detail regarding reactivity with the wrong extinguishing agent other chemicals, water, or air

Some provide information on PPE and CPC reliability varies


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Emergency Response Guidebook (ERG) AAR Emergency Handling of Hazardous

Materials NFPA Fire Protection Guide to Hazardous

Materials Emergency Care for Hazardous Materials

Exposure First Responder’s Pocket Guide to Hazardous

Materials Emergency Response Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)

Common Guidebook Reference Sources

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DOT Guidebook or ERG Contains about 2400 entries

closely following the list of industrial chemicals in “Table 101” of CFR Title 49.

lists chemicals approved for U.S. transportation revised and updated every three or four years “Table of Initial Isolation and Protective Action

Distances” was vastly improved in 1996

Emergency Response Guidebook

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Features: Rail car identification chart Road trailer identification chart Hazard identification code chart Information on WMD chemicals

Lewisite, Sarin, Soman and Mustard even though not regulated by DOT


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Sections: White Pages - Instructions Yellow Pages - Numeric listing (UN ID

numbers) of chemicals Blue Pages - Alphabetical listing of chemicals Orange Pages - The guide pages Green Pages - The Table of Initial Isolation

and Protective Action Distances


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Features: Layout and general design Easy to use Quick access to dependable information Concentrates on first responder information Highly respected isolation and evacuation table


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Limitations: intended for immediate first responders identifies only most significant hazards contains limited exposure symptom info contains limited PPE/CPC recommendations does not contain information on

chemical and physical properties molecular formulas or structural formulas molecular weights toxicological data


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White page contents: Quick reference on reading shipping papers Instructions on how to use the ERG Explanation of the different sections Safety precautions Agencies to call for notification and assistance Overview of the hazard classification system Table of placards with initial response guides


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White page contents: Rail car identification chart Road trailer identification chart Intermodal hazard identification codes Protective clothing overview Fire and spill control guidelines Information on use of WMD agents Glossary


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Includes telephone assistance info: CANUTEC (Canada) CHEMTREC (United States) CHEM-TEL, Inc. INFOTRAC, Inc. 3E COMPANY, Inc.

NRC operated by the U.S. Coast Guard

Military resources SETIQ (Mexico) CECOM (Mexico)

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Yellow pages


ID Guide Name of MaterialNo. No. 2029 132 Hydrazine, anhydrous2029 132 Hydrazine, aqueous solutions, with more than 64% Hydrazine2030 153 Hydrazine, aqueous solution, with not less than 37% but not more than 64%

Hydrazine2030 153 Hydrazine, aqueous solutions, with not more than 64% Hydrazine2030 153 Hydrazine hydrate2031 157 Nitric acid, other than red fuming2032 157 Nitric acid, red fuming2033 154 Potassium monoxide2034 115 Hydrogen and Methane mixture, compressed2034 115 Methane and Hydrogen mixture, compressed2035 115 Refrigerant gas R-143a2035 115 1,1,1-Trifluoroethane

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Blue pages


Name of Material Guide ID No. No.Muriatic Acid 157 1789Musk xylene 149 2956Mustard 153 2810Mustard Lewisite 153 2810Naphtha 128 2553Naphtha, petroleum 128 1255Naphtha, solvent 128 1256Naphthalene, crude 133 1334Naphthalene, molten 133 2304Naphthalene, refined 133 1334Naphthalenic acid 171 9137

76

Orange pages - action guides or guide pages Listed in numerical order Identifies specific or generic hazards Most cover a group of similar chemicals Actions may not be appropriate for FROs


77

Three primary sections of orange pages: Potential Hazards Fire and Explosion * Health *

Public Safety General Guidelines (not titled) Protective Clothing Evacuation

Emergency Response Fire, Spill or Leak, First Aid


78

Orange pages Most guides cover chemical groups Not all of the information will be applicable not every recommended action is appropriate

On most of the guides, isolation and evacuation are listed separately Isolation is covered in the general guidelines

under “Public Safety,” Evacuation is listed under the subsection titled

“Evacuation.”


79

Each guide has a special emphasis emphasis clearly indicated in the heading guides 115 through 126 all apply to gases guide 115 is for flammable gases guide 116 is for unstable flammable gases guide 117 covers extremely flammable, toxic

gases


80

there are often subtle differences: some will caution against using specific

extinguishing agents others don’t caution against these agents some advise to detain or isolate uninjured

people others won’t


81

Orange pages


GUIDE Flammable Liquids ERG 2000130 (Non-Polar/Water-Immiscible/Noxious)

POTENTIAL HAZARDSFIRE OR EXPLOSION HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collectin low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks).HEALTH May cause toxic effects if inhaled or absorbed through skin. Inhalation or contact with material may irritate or burn skin and eyes. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and / or toxic gases.

PUBLIC SAFETY CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number on Shipping Paper first. Ifshipping Paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephonenumber listed on the inside back cover. Isolate spill or leak area immediately for at least 50 to 100 meters (160 to330 feet) in all directions. Keep unauthorized personnel away.PROTECTIVE CLOTHING Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Structural firefighters’ protective clothing will only provide limited protection.EVACUATIONLarge Spill Consider initial downwind evacuation for at least 300 meters (1000 feet).

82

Green pages: Table of Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances for highlighted chemicals chemicals listed by UN ID numbers

Chemical listing are in two main columns one for small spills one for large spills each is broken down into three more columns


83

Evacuation columns identifies how far to isolate the scene downwind protection during the day downwind protection at night data based upon studies of releases

Best isolation and evacuation distance recommendations chart


84


Green pages:TABLE OF INITIAL ISOLATION AND PROTECTIVE ACTION DISTANCES

SMALL SPILLS(From a small package or small leak from a large package)

LARGE SPILLS(From a large package or from many small packages)

IDNo.

NAME OFMATERIAL

FirstISOLATE

in all DirectionsMeters (Feet)

ThenPROTECT

persons Downwind during -

FirstISOLATE

in all Directions

Meters (Feet)

ThenPROTECT

persons Downwind during -

DAYKilometers (Miles)

NIGHTKilometers (Miles)

DAYKilometers (Miles)

NIGHTKilometers (Miles)

2013 Strontiumphosphide(When spilled inwater)

30 m (100 ft) 0.2 km (0.1 mi) 0.5 km (0.3 mi) 155 m (500 ft) 1.3 km (0.8 mi) 3.7 km (1.3 mi)

20322032

Nitric Acid, fumingNitric Acid, redfuming

95 m (300 ft) 0.3 km (o.2 mi) 0.5 km (0.3 mi) 400 m (1300ft)

1.3 km (0.8 mi) 3.5 km (2.2 mi)

2186 Hydrogen chloride,refrigerated liquid

30 m (100 ft) 0.2 km (0.1 mi) 0.6 km (0.4 mi) 185 m (600 ft) 1.6 km (1.0 mi) 4.3 km (2.7 mi)

2188 Arsine 60 m (200 ft) 0.5 km (0.3 mi) 2.1 km (1.3 mi) 355 m (1100ft)

3.2 km (2.0 mi) 6.6 km (4.1 mi)

2188 SA (Arsine)(When used as aweapon)

60 m (200 ft) 0.5 km (0.5 mi) 2.4 km (1.5 mi) 400 m (1300ft)

4.0 km (2.5 mi) 8.0 km (5.0 mi)

85

Electronic version available: on CD Internet sites ChemKnowledge

Doubtful use by first responder, would use printed version


87

The Railroad Guidebook or the AAR Book Specific information on various mitigation

techniques and their subsequent consequences

Emphasis on materials transported by rail

American Association of RailroadsEmergency Handling of Hazardous Materials

88

Nearly 2200 chemicals Chemicals approved for transportation by rail

listed by proper shipping name in CFR Title 49, Table 101

Doesn’t contain separate guide pages Action guides under each chemical name

AAR Emergency Handling of Haz Mat

89

Four main sections: Recommendations for Initial Response

keyed to DOT hazard class

Commodity Specific Emergency Response UN Identification Numbers in an appendix STCC codes in an appendix


90

Recommendations for Initial Response last three chapter sections not available in other

reference sources: description of DOT hazard classes Information on assessing tank car damage Instructions for Department of Energy - Department

of Defense Escorted Shipments A table containing Standard Transportation

Commodity Codes (STCC)


91

Commodity Specific Emergency Response comprises the bulk of the manual chemicals listed alphabetically each entry includes the following:

DOT Hazard Class rating Four-digit UN identification number Brief description of the pure material Recommended immediate emergency actions


92

Limitations: information intended for first responders identifies only most significant hazards not detailed or complete evacuation recommendations are very brief chemicals are those approved for rail transport does not contain information on

chemical and physical properties, chemical formulas, toxicological data, synonyms


93

American Association of Railroads

DICHLOROMETHANE (Methylene Chloride) UN 1593DIVISION 6.1 (Keep away from food)Environmentally Hazardous Substance (RQ-1000/454)Dichloromethane is a colorless liquid with a sweet, penetrating, ether-like odor. Although it is nonflammable, if exposed to high temperaturesit may emit toxic chloride fumes. Dicloromethane vapors are narcotic inhigh concentrations. It is used as a solvent and paint remover.If Material on fire or involved in fire

Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water.Apply water from as far a distance as possibleExtinguish fire using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire (material itself does not burnor burns with difficulty)Keep run-off water out of sewers and water sources.

If material not involved in fireKeep material out of water sources and sewersBuild dikes to contain flow as necessaryAttempt to stop leak if without undue personnel hazard.

Personnel protectionAvoid breathing vaporsWear appropriate chemical protective gloves, boots, gogglesWear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus.

Environmental considerations - land spillDig pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain

Dike surface flow with soil, sandbags, foamed concreteAbsorb with fly ash, cement powder, commercial sorbants

Environmental considerations - air spillApply water spray or mist to knock down vapors

First aid responsesMove victim to fresh air; call emergency medical careIf not breathing, give artificial respirationIf breathing, is difficult, give oxygenRemove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.

Compatible protective equipmentPolyurethane, polyvinyl alcohol, viton.

95

NFPA Guidebook Highly popular among

loading dock foremen and supervisors industrial facilities petrochemical plants environmental specialists hazmat teams

NFPA Fire Protection Guide to Hazardous Materials

96

Comprises three separate NFPA standards: Hazardous Materials Data (NFPA 49)

comprises the action guides portion of the book contains over 400 chemical entries

Fire Hazard Properties of Flammable Liquids, Gases and Volatile Solids (NFPA 325) identifies physical and chemical properties of 1300

substances lists flammable substances only

Manual of Hazardous Chemical Reactions (NFPA 491M) incompatible chemical lists for over 3500 substances arranged in a specialty reference style format

NFPA Guidebook

97

Advantages: revised every two to three years well investigated by NFPA standards committees reliable well designed and easy to use action guides are specific for each chemical action guides list NFPA 704 placarding numbers contains descriptions of typical containers

NFPA Guidebook

98

Limitations: only about 400 chemicals listed The Fire Hazard Properties section contains only

fire-related chemical and physical data The Hazardous Chemical Reactions section

difficult to interpret No toxicological data, detailed symptoms of

exposures, or evacuation and isolation data

NFPA Guidebook

99

NFPA Guidebook – typical entry

NAME: AMMONIUM PERCHLORATEFORMULA: NH4ClO4

DOT CLASS: Class 5.1, OxidizerSHIPPING LABEL: OXIDIZERID NO.: UN 1442CAS NO.: 7790-98-9MOL. WT.: 117.5

STATEMENT OF HAZARDS: Strong oxidizer. Contact with combustible material will increase fire and explosion hazard. Shock sensitive.light health hazard. Combustion may produce irritants and toxic gases.EMERGENCY RESPONSE PERSONAL PROTECTIVE QUIPMENT: Wear full protective clothing and positive pressure self-containedbreathing apparatus.SPILL OR LEAK PROCEDURES: Prompt cleanup and removal are necessary in order to prevent contamination with combustible materials.FIRE FIGHTING PROCEDURES: Explosive decomposition may occur under fire conditions. Fight fire from protected location or maximumpossible distance. Use flooding quantities of water. Use water spray to keep fire exposed containers cool. Fire situations require evacuation.HEALTH HAZARDS: Slight health hazard. Oxides of nitrogen (except nitrous oxide), hydrogen chloride, and ammonia emitted on decomposition are serious health hazards.FIRE AND EXPLOSION HAZARDS: Strong oxidizer. Heat or shock may cause explosion. Combustion by-products include oxides nitrogen,ammonia, hydrogen chloride.INSTABILITY AND REACTIVITY HAZARDS: Strong oxidizer. Decomposes violently with shock. Reacts violently and can detonate withreducing agents, strong acids, powdered metals, or if mixed with organic materials.STORAGE RECOMMENDATIONS: Separate from acids, alkalies, reducing agents, combustible materials. Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilatedlocation.USUAL SHIPPING CONTAINERS: Fiber bags, fiber drums, steel drums, and tot bins.PHYSICAL PROPERTIES: White, odorless crystalsMELTING POINT: 464oF (240oC)SPECIFIC GRAVITY: 1.95SOLUBILITY IN WATER: SolubleVAPOR PRESSURE: 10 mm Hg @ 23.5oC

01 4

oxy

100

NFPA Guidebook

FLASHPOINToF (oC)

IGNITIONTEMP.oF (oC)

FLAMMABLELIMITS

Percent by Vol

Sp.Gr.(Water= 1)

VaporDensity(Air= 1)

BoilingPoint

oF (oC)

WaterSoluble

ExtinguishingMethods

HAZARDIDENTIFICATION

Lower Upper Health Flamma-ability Reactivity

Acetic Acid,GlacialCH3COOH

103(39)

867(463)

19.9@ @200 200

1.0+ 2.1 245(118)

Yes 5 3 2 0

Acetonitrile,CH3CN

42(6)

975(524)

3.0 16.0 0.8 1.4 179(82)

Yes 1,5 2 3 0

Fire Hazard Properties section

Hazardous Chemical Reaction section

NITRATES(See also specific nitrates as primary entries or under other reactants)Boron Aluminum See ALUMINUM plus Nitrates.Phosphide See BORON PHOSPHIDE plus Nitric AcidCyanides Addition of cyanides to a molten nitrate bath (or vise versa) will result in an explosion. NBFU Research Report 2, (1950)Esters A mixture of phospham and a nitrate explodes when heated. H. Rose, Ann.Phys. 24:308 (1832).Phosphorous See PHOSPHORUS plus Nitrates.Sodium Cyanide See NITRATES plus Cyanides.Stannous Chloride A mixture of the two may cause an explosion. Pieters, p.30 (1957).

102

Contains about 2200 entries closely corresponds to the ERG

Divided into five main sections: Numerical index of chemicals by UN ID # Alphabetical index of chemicals Guidelines (action guides) Treatment protocols Drug protocols

Emergency Care for Hazardous Materials Exposure

103

Numerical and alphabetic indexes identify specific guidelines Guidelines 1 through 13 (the action guides) are

indexed to DOT hazard classes remainder of the 109 guidelines are divided

similar toxic effects and treatment modalities for example

Guideline 25 is “Benzene and Related Compounds,” Guideline 49 is “Organophosphates Compounds,” Guideline 90 is “Cyanide and Related Compounds.”


104

Guidelines range from two to four pages Substance identification Routes of exposure Target organs Life threat Signs and symptoms by system Symptom onset for acute exposure Synergistic concerns


105

Guidelines also contain: Thermal decomposition products Medical problems possibly aggravated by

exposure Decontamination Immediate first aid Basic treatment Advanced treatment Initial emergency department considerations Special considerations


106

Section 3 contains treatment protocols Section 4 contains drug protocols

advanced life support (ALS) medications and specific antidotes

Does not include chemical and physical properties chemical formulas chemical handling recommendations incident intervention suggestions


107

Emergency Care for Hazardous Materials Exposure – typical entry

SUBSTANCE IDENTIFICATION(Short paragraph describing the material, its color, its physical state, what itor they are used for in industry, and a brief comment on reactivity).ROUTES OF EXPOSURE(Listing of the typical routes of exposure)TARGET ORGANS(Listing of the organs susceptible to primary and secondary damage)LIFE THREAT(Listing of most of the common symptoms associated to this chemical).SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS BY SYSTEM

Cardiovascular:Respiratory:CNS:Gastrointestinal:Eye:Skin:Metabolism:

SYMPTOM ONSET FOR ACUTE EXPOSURE(Immediate and delayed symptoms)CO-EXPOSURE CONCERNS(Complications derived from simultaneous exposure to other chemicals)THERMAL DECOMPOSITION PRODUCTS(What happens if this material decomposes, and into what products)MEDICAL CONDITIONS AGGRAVATED BY EXPOSURE(List of possible disorders)DECONTAMINATION(List of steps to take for decontamination procedures)IMMEDIATE FIRST AID(List of steps to take)BASIC TREATMENT(List of steps to take)ADVANCED TREATMENT(List of steps to take)INITIAL EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT CONSIDERATIONS(List of steps for medical personnel to consider)SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS(List of precautions)

109

Information on: terrorist events explosives incidents nuclear events

Compact size, easy to use Contains a resource chapter Information and assistance phone numbers

The First Responder’s Pocket Guide to Hazardous Materials Emergency Response

110

Designed to supplement other resources Guidelines based on DOT hazard classes 14 chapters on

recognition identification tactical considerations resources


111


112

Material Safety Data Sheets

113

MSDS Supplies information about a particular

hazardous substance or mixture Required by labor Code, Title 8 and CFR

29 An MSDS must follow the standard format

(Title 8) However, few look alike


114

Section I - Material/Manufacturer Identification

Section II - Ingredients Section III - Physical Data Section IV - Fire and Explosion Hazard

Data Section V - Health Hazard Data


115

Section VI - Reactivity Data Section VII - Spill or Leak Procedures Section VIII - Special Protection

Information Section IX - Special Precautions


116

Limitations written toward preventing workplace exposures not sufficient to help in large spills vary widely in completeness and accuracy some are very old and out of date formatting can vary information differs between manufacturers


117

Advantages: Can identify special extinguishing methods they provide the manufacturer’s identity contain an emergency telephone number valuable for high proprietary or uncommon

materials can help responders identify precursor chemicals


118

Publisher of a three volume set of generic MSDS’s

It is available as a “one time” purchase Available with just the MSDS database Or can also be purchased with Genium’s

Handbook of Safety, Health and Environmental Data.

Genium’s MSDS

119

Example

Genium’s M.S.D.S.

120

Deals with narrow or unique topics Information is more thorough than other

references May be organized in

alphabetic order (e.g., by chemical name) numerical order (e.g., by DOT specification

number) or in some other logical sequence (e.g., by

symptom or antidote)

Specialty Reference Sources

121

Crop Protection Handbook Quick Selection Guide to Chemical

Protective Clothing GATX Tank Car Manual Handbook of Reactive Chemical Hazards Medical Management of Chemical Warfare

Casualties

Common Specialty Reference Sources

123

Formerly Farm Chemicals Handbook Popular with:

EPA waste site cleanup managers agricultural chemical handlers county agricultural commissioners Fish & Game officials regulatory compliance officers poison control centers health service organizations hazmat teams

Crop Protection Handbook

124

Features: All pesticides and fertilizers approved for use

as of the publication date Pesticides currently in an experimental stage,

but not yet approved Old, obsolete pesticides or pesticides

voluntarily withdrawn from production “Restricted use” pesticides Some pesticides now banned (e.g., DDT)


125

Advantages: numerous synonyms and trade names most comprehensive pesticide/fertilizer database easy to use extensive information for each listing valuable toxicological testing data information on chemical’s structural formula


126

Advantages - it gives some: symptoms of poisoning when known antidote recommendations when known first aid measures when known CPC recommendations spill control suggestions cleanup suggestions for some entries


127

Typical Entry for Malathion Name Malathion Basic Producers Bharat Rasayan Ltd Cheminova Agro A/S (Fyfanon*) Chem-Real Corp. Identification: Common Name COMMON NAME: Malathion (ISO, BAN, BSI, ESA, ISI, USA); mercaptothion (S. Africa); carbofos (USSR) Code Numbers OTHER CODE NUMBERS: CAS 121-75-5 Trade Names TRADE NAMES: Acimal*; Agro-malathion*; Malathion 50*; Prentox*; Sulmathion*; Emmatos Extra. Discontinued names DISCONTINUED NAMES: Malmed; Ambithion; Calmathion; Celthion*; Exathion. Chemistry: Chemical name COMPOSITION: O,O-dimethyl phosphorodithioate of diethyl mercaptosuccinate, S-ester with o,o-methyl

phosphorodithioate Physical properties PROPERTIES: Clear to amber liquid with a mercaptain odor. Specific gravity 1.23 at 25 degrees C. VP 4x10

-5 mm Hg

at 30 degrees C. Miscible in most organic solvents; limited solubility in aliphatic hydrocarbons.

S O

Structural formula CH3O - P - S - CH - C - OC2H5

CH3O CH2 - C - OC2H5 O

Action/Use: ACTION: Insecticide. For aphids; spider mites, scale insects, and other sucking, chewing insects attacking fruits, vegetables. FORMULATION: Dust, emulsifiable concentrate, oil solutions. Safety Guidelines: SIGNAL WORD: CAUTION.

Toxicity TOXICITY CLASS: III TOXICITY: Min. 95% tech(rat) Oral LD50 5500 mg/kg; Dermal >2,000 mg/kg.; Inhalation (4h) >5.2 mg/l.

CPC, generic PROTECTIVE CLOTHING: Safety goggles, rubber gloves, waterproof boots, long sleeved shirt, long pants, and hat. Spill Control SPILL CONTROL: Liquid spillage should be dammed off and pumped into containers; soak up remainders with

absorbent material and dispose in accordance with local regulations. Solid spillage should be picked up with an industrial vacuum cleaner and disposed of in accordance with local regulations. Emergency Guidelines:

Flammability FLASHPOINT: Above 325oF (Tag open cup)

First aid FIRST AID: Get medical aid. Eyes, flush immediately with continuous irrigation of flowing water for at least 30 minutes. If cornea burned, instill antibiotic steroid preparation frequently. Skin, promptly wash with plenty of soap and water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing.

*Trade Name

128


Limitations: limited to pesticides and fertilizers limited physical properties information not a guidebook type database no information regarding evacuation, immediate

scene isolation, and decontamination CPC selection info may not be totally accurate difficult to read

130

Data comes from laboratory testing NFPA standards ASTM ANSI requirements other criteria as appropriate

Divided into two main sections an index with about 500 chemicals

listed in alphabetical order responders first look up the target chemical

then identify the class number (first column) refers them to the CPC selection guidelines page

Quick Selection Guide to Chemical Protective Clothing

131

Class # Chemical Names and (Synonyms) CAS # RiskCode

Special Notes

121 Acetaldehyde (Ethanal) 75-07-0 Xi

102 Acetic Acid 64-19-7 Cx Caution161 Acetic Anhydride (Acetyl oxide)

(Acetomethoxane) see Dimethoxane108-24-7 CT Caution

391 Acetone (2-Propanone) 67-64-1 V

431 Acetonitrile (Methyl cyanide) 75-05-8 T


Chemical Index Section

132

Quick Selection Guide to Chemical Protective Clothing Second section identifies the permeation

resistance provided by up to fifteen different CPC fabrics

431 Nitriles, Aliphatic and Alicyclic ButylRubber

NaturalRubber

Neoprene

NitrileRubber

Polyethylene

PolyvinylAlcohol

PolyvinylChloride

Teflon

Viton

Saranex

4H Barricade

Chemrel

Responder

TrellchemHPS

Acetonitrile >8 NR NR NR NR 1-4 NR >8 >NR 1-4 >8 >8 >8 >8 >8Acrylonitrile >8 NR NR NR NR NR NR 1-4 >NR NR >8 >8 >4

Adiponitrile >4

Bromoacetonitrile >8 NR >8 >8

Chloroacetonitrile >8 NR NR >8 >8

133

Five time references: >8 = 8 hours or greater >4 = 4 hours or greater (up to 8 hours) 1-4 = 1 to 4 hours NR = Less than one hour Blank = Not tested against the substance

Breakthrough times: greater than 4 hours considered excellent greater than 1 hour considered adequate


134

Limitations: only about 500 chemicals in its database second edition doesn’t cover chemical and

biological warfare agents 2000 edition does


136

Valuable for rail emergencies The Commodity List is a database of about 350

chemicals Chemicals are listed alphabetically by proper shipping

name

Contains tank car specifications Identifies chemicals each type of tank can transported

GATX Tank Car Manual

Hazardous MaterialsDescriptionsand Proper

Shipping Name

HazardousClass

IdentificationNumber

Label(s)Required

D.O.T. Spec. TypicalCar

SpecificationNumber

Acetaldehyde F.L. UN1089 F.L. 173.119 111A60W1Boron Trichloride Cor. Matl. UN1741 Cor. 173.251 105A300WCarbon Dioxide, Liquified Non F.G. UN2187 Non.F.G. 173.304 105A500WHydrogen Fluoride Cor. Matl. UN1052 Cor 173.304 114A400WHydrogen, Liquified F.G. UN1966 F.G. 173.316 113A60WLiquified Petroleum Gas F.G. UN1075 F.G. 173.304 105J 300WVinyl fluoride, inhibited F.G. UN1860 F.G. 173.304 105J 600W

137

Classification Chart numerical listing of all approved rail tank cars in order by DOT specification number includes a description of the tank car identifies the types of commodities


A-1 – CLASS 103TANK SPECIFICATION

DESCRIPTION TYPICAL COMMODITIESTRANSPORTED

DOT 103W Steel Fusion-Welded Tank with Dome.Non-insulated or InsulatedGeneral ServiceSafety Valves (35psi)or Safety Vent (60 psi)

BenzeneGasolineVegetable OilsPhosphorousCaustic SodaFuel OilsAlcohol

DOT 105J 200W Steel Fusion-Welded Tank with Manway Nozzle.Thermal ProtectionHead ProtectionTop and Bottom Shelf CouplersTop Unloading Arrangement RequiredSafety Valve (150 psi)Bottom Outlet or Washout Prohibited

Sulfur DioxideVinyl ChlorideLiquified Petroleum gas (V.P. not exceeding 150 psi @ 105oF)

138

DOT / AAR Stencil Drawing section contains excellent detailed drawings of typical

tank cars

Tank Car Arrangement Drawings section a collection of silhouette drawings of each type

of specification tank car arranged numerically by specification number includes detailed drawings of the dome and

valves, plus capacity, weight, and length data.


139


140

Tank Car Anatomy Drawing showing dome cover valve connections, internal

plumbing, bottom valves, sampling tubes, gauging devices, and pressure relief valves

Instructions for Loading and Unloading contains some instruction

Limitations: no chemical or physical property data no information about incident intervention no repair information


142

Also known as Bretherick’s Contains a list of about 4600 chemicals A compilation on dangerous reactions

between incompatible chemicals Contains over 1950 pages Information regarding documented

explosions and other chemical reactions is compiled from thousands of sources

Handbook of Reactive Chemical Hazards

143

Appendix 4: Index of Chemical Names starting point lists all of the chemicals in alphabetical order identifies where to look in the manual the four-digit numbers refer to specific entries in

Section 1 of the manual


Acetaldehyde (Ethanal), 0776Acetaldehyde oxide (Hdroximinoethane), 0812Acetic Acid (Ethanoic Acid), 0781Acetic Anhydride, 1437Acetoacet-4-phenetidide, 3286Acetohydrazide, 0858Acetone oxide (2-Hydroxyiminopropane), 1183Acetone (2-Propanone),1146

144

Section 1: Specific Chemicals contains the bulk of the information not in alphabetical order


4127. Nitric acid[7697-37-2] HNO3

HONO2

Acetic AcidCritical detonation diameters for mixtures have been determined.

AcetoneKennedy, R., private comm., 1975A winchester of fuming nitric acid with a plastics cap burst, probably owing to internal pressure build-up and uneven wallthickness. The explosion fractured an adjacent bottle of acetone which ignited on contact with the oxidant.

CelluloseMCA SD-5, 1961Cellulose may be converted to the highly flammable nitrate ester on contract with the vapor of nitric acid, as well as by theliquid acid.

Glycerol, Sulfuric acidDunn, B.W., Bur. Expl. Accid. Bull., 35, Amer. Rail Association 1916Discharging mixed nitrating acid into an insufficiently cleaned glycerol drum led to a violent explosion.

145

Section 2: Classes, Groups and Topics provides incompatible and dangerous

reactions data listed only by chemical category

Appendix 2: Fire Related Data lists over 500 chemicals their flash points and explosive ranges


146

Limitations: challenging to use uses a lot of abbreviations limited chemical or physical properties doesn’t provide action guide information doesn’t cover toxicological data no first aid guidelines


148

Pocket reference Only focus is chemical warfare agents Four important chapters:

Casualty Management Decontamination Detection Equipment Appendix with numerous data charts

Medical Management of Chemical Weapons Casualties

149

Ten categories: Listing of specific chemical warfare agent in

each section Summary of symptoms unique to each

chemical warfare agent Detection capabilities Decontamination suggestions Immediate healthcare management


150

Ten categories: Long-term healthcare management Antidote information Method of toxicity for each chemical Target organs for each chemical Detailed listing of symptoms for each

chemical


151


VESICANTS

HD H L CX

OVERVIEW

Sulfur mustard has posed a military threat since its introduction on the battlefield in World WarI..Most of this chapter concerns this target agent. Unless otherwise noted, the term “mustard”

refers to sulfur mustard.

The nitrogen mustards (HN1, HN2, HN3) were synthesized in the 1930's, but were notproduced in

large amounts for warfare. Mechlorethamine (HN2; Mustargen) became the prototypicalcancer chemotherapeutic compound and remained the standard compound for this purpose for

many years.

Lewsite (L) was synthesized during the late states of World War I, but probably has not beenused

on a battle field. The Lewisite antidote, British-Anti-Lewisite (BAL), finds medicinal use todayas a heavy

metal chelator.

152


MUSTARD

HD HSummary

Signs and Symptoms: Asymptomatic latent period (hours). Erythema and blisters onthe skin; irritation, conjunctivitis and corneal opacity and damage in the eyes; mildupper respiratory signs to marked airway damage; also gastrointestinal effects and

bone marrow stem cell suppression.

Detection: M256A1, CAM, M8 paper, M9 paper, M8 alarm (NOT the M8A1 alarm)

Decontamination: hypochlorite; M258A1 kit; M291 kit; water in large amounts.

Management: Decontamination immediately after exposure is the only way toprevent damage. Symptomatic management of lesions.

Rear of book contains charts and tables toxicity chemical properties physical properties

153

Address the following: Manufacturing safety (products/ containers) Packaging restrictions Labeling, placarding, container markings,

stenciling Transportation safety Product transfer, product movement through

closed systems Response personnel training, minimum

standards

Regulatory References

154

Address the following: Employee safety standards Employee competency standards Notification, reporting, and documentation of

releases and accidents Pollution control, on- and off-site airborne

monitoring Cleanup issues, compliance Disposal regulations, marking, containerizing,

transportation


155

Often overlooked Aid in making better decisions

incident management techniques to apply required resources degree of investigation reduce potential liability


156

Three sub-types of regulatory codes : restrictive (conforming) voluntary (consensus) self-imposing


157

“minimum standard” or minimum level of required compliance

establish a uniform standard are mandatory (compliance is required) Violations and noncompliance

citations fines jail terms

Often written by a government entity

Restrictive Regulatory References

158

Address product manufacture: substance handling container manufacture transportation pollution control (air, water, and soil) cleanup employee training


159

Written by a service organization NFPA (National Fire Protection Association).

Do not automatically become laws Must be “adopted” by a local governmental

entity to become mandatory This is called “self-compliance by

consensus.”

Voluntary Regulatory References

160

Codes, ordinances, and response plans written by cities and counties

Outline public service agency activities particularly where no national standards exist or don’t address all of an agency’s needs

Attempt to ensure uniformity agency function employee conduct

Self-Imposing Regulatory References

161

CFR Title 49, Transportation, Sections 1 through 199 (Transportation of Hazardous Materials)

NFPA 472: Standard for Professional Competencies of Responders to Hazmat Incidents

Hazardous Materials Emergency Response Plan (a self-imposing regulation written by an individual agency)

Regulatory Reference Examples:

162

Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Title 49 written by U.S. Department of Transportation regulates nearly all aspects of hazmat transport

Manufacture of containers Markings on containers and transport vehicles Correct packaging methods What can and cannot be transported Materials banned from transportation The DOT marking system (labels and placards) Shipping documents The Emergency Response Guidebook (ERG)


163

Restrictive Regulatory ReferenceCFR Title 49

Typical Entry - CFR Title 49, Table 101 (Hazardous Materials Table)

Hazardous Materials Descriptions and ProperShipping Names

(2)

HazardClass orDivision

(3)

Identification

Numbers

PG(5)

LabelCodes(60

Special Provisions(7)

(8)Packaging

(9)Quantity Limitations

Exceptions(8A)

Non-Bulk(8B)

Bulk(8C)

Passen-ger

Aircraft/Rail(9A)

CargoAircraftOnly(9B)

Nitromethane 3 UN 1261 II 3 T25 150 202 None Forbidden 60 L

Nitronaphthalene 4.1 UN 2538 III 4.1 A1 151 213 240 25 kg 100 kg

Nitrotoluene, liquid 6.1 UN 1664 II 6.1 T14 None 202 242 1 L 30 L

Nitrous Oxide 2.2 UN 1070 2.2 306 304 314 75 kg 150 kg

Perchlorates, Inorganic, N.O.S. 5.1 UN 1481 III 5.1 152 212 242 5 kg 25 kg

164

Table 101 lists 2300 chemicals Listed by proper shipping name Table is revised about every year Table 101 lists the following information:

Proper shipping name Hazard class designation UN identification number DOT label requirement Packaging requirements


165

Can be used to: Verify that shipping documents are correct

(spelling, quantities, types of packaging) Determine if placarding or labeling is correct Determine if incompatibles were transported Verify proper packaging and packaging

markings


166

NFPA 472, Standard for Professional Competence of Responders to Hazardous Materials Incidents

A voluntary, or consensus, code Revised every five years Not mandatory until adopted Lists

minimum competencies performance capabilities

Voluntary Regulatory References

167

Voluntary Regulatory ReferencesNFPA 472

NFPA 472, Chapter 4: Competencies for the Hazardous Materials Technician

6.2 Competencies - Analyzing the Incident

6.2.1.1.7 Describe the basic identification tools and detection devices and where they areavailable locally for each of the following:

(a) Nerve agents

(b) Vesicants (blister agents)

(c) Biological agents toxins

(d) Irritants (riot control agents)

6.2.1.3* Given at least three unknown materials, one of which is a solid, one a liquid, and one agas, identify or classify by hazard each unknown material.

6.2.1.3.1 Identify the steps in an analysis process for identifying unknown solid and liquidmaterials.

6.2.1.3.2 Identify the steps in an analysis process for identifying an unknown atmosphere.

6.2.1.3.3 Identify the types) of monitoring equipment, test strips, and reagents used todetermine the following hazards:

(a) Corrosivity (pH)

(b) Flammability

(c) Oxidation potential

(d) Oxygen deficiency

(e) Radioactivity

(f) Toxic levels

168

Haz Mat Emergency Response SOPs Ranges from about four to eight pages

Self-Imposing Regulatory References

Typical Entry - Hazardous Materials Emergency Response Plan

1 PLANNING BASIS1.1 Purpose

The purpose of this Hazardous Materials Emergency Response Plan is to establish an organization tomitigate hazardous materials incidents within the city limits of xxx, and on any mutual aid hazardousmaterials incident outside the city limits of xxx.

1.2 Objectives1.2.1 To describe operational concepts, organization, and support systems required to implement this plan.1.2.2 To identify authority, responsibilities, and actions of federal, state, local and private industry agencies

necessary to minimize damage to human health, natural systems, and property, and to aid in mitigating thehazard.

1.2.3 To establish an operational structure that has the ability to function not only within the city limits of xxx,but also on any mutual aid call where the xxx Fire Department equipment responds to a hazardousmaterials incident outside the city limits of xxx.

1.2.4 To utilize fire department officer’s members who have been trained to handle hazardous materialsincidents.

1.2.5 To establish lines of authority and management for a hazardous materials incident.

2. ADMINISTRATION2.1 Scope2.1.1 Geographical Factors2.1.1.1 This plan is concerned with hazardous materials incidents that occur within the territory of the City of xxx

and on all mutual aid calls.2.1.2 Hazard Factors2.1.2.1 The hazard shall include actual or potential fires, spills, leaks, ruptures, or contamination, and any threat to

life safety involving hazardous materials.2.1.3 Hazardous Materials2.1.3.1 The material itself may include explosives, flammables, combustibles, compressed gases, cryogenics,

poisons and toxins, reactive and oxidizing agents, radioactive materials, corrosives, carcinogenic, oretiological agents, or any combination thereof.

2.1.4 Incident Factors2.1.4.1 This plan is for any hazardous material incident associated with any mode of transportation, industrial

processing and/or storage sites, waste disposal procedures, and illegal usage and disposal.2.2 Authorities2.2.1 City Charter of the City of xxx.2.2.2 Uniform Fire Code, Article 10, Section 10.1012.2.3 California Government Code, Chapter 7, Division 1, Title 22.2.4 California Health and Safety Code, Sections 25115 and 25117, and Section 25600 through 256102.2.5 California Vehicle Code, Article 4, Chapter 2, Division 2.2.2.6 California State Office of Emergency Services Fire and Rescue Mutual Aid Plan.

169

Contain elements of databases, guidebook and specialty reference sources

Examples: ChemKnowledge CAMEO OREIS

Blended Reference Sources

170

Formally TOMES Toxicology, Occupational Medicine and

Environmental Series Contains 18 separate databases Represents over 8,000 substances. Concentrates on toxicological, medical and/or

environmental data.

ChemKnowledge

171

Can search by: chemical name, a portion of a name, a

synonym chemical formula CAS Number or DOT I.D. Number some toxicological data symptoms and physical descriptions

ChemKnowledge

172

Chemical Screen

ChemKnowledge

173

Toxicology Screen

ChemKnowledge

174

Has a unique “cross reference” feature will indicate other databases with information can then “tab” between that databases

Reports vary from one to over 50 pages

ChemKnowledge

175

Computer Aided Management of Emergency Operations (File Maker)

Written and produced by NOAA Distributed by the National Safety Council Available by download off internet Accompanied by a comprehensive set of

instructions

CAMEOfm

176

Consists of three modules CAMEOfm - chemical database ALOHA - plume generation MARPLOT - mapping

CAMEOfm

177

The CAMEOfm Module Over 4,000 chemicals in database

includes physical, chemical and toxicity data

utilizes some of the data for ALOHA allows the user to add to the database

all critical technical data must be included

includes Chemical Reactivity Worksheet

CAMEOfm

178

Chemical Database

CAMEOfm

179

Unique features: Contains some Action Guide information Can add schematic drawings and pre-fire plans Allows photographs of facilities to be added Allows listing by address of “target hazard” Allows the implant or positioning of “icons” Allows for the overlay of a calculated gas or

vapor plume

CAMEOfm

180

Chemical Information Screen

CAMEOfm

181

Response Information Data Sheet (RIDS)

CAMEOfm

182

From CAMEO producers, NOAA allows users to research chemical incompatibilities

Information is then provided to the user about: reaction products reactive materials and chemical groups

Can compare only two chemicals at a time

Chemical Reactivity Worksheet

183

Chemical Reactivity Worksheet

184

Area Locations of Hazardous Atmospheres Once all inputs are completed, will:

calculate a plume determine size of plume display (overlay) a plume onto a selected map overlay can be modified and adjusted

Based on reliable gas-vapor calculation methods

ALOHA

185

ALOHA Module – Cautions, limitations

ALOHA

186

Chemical Plume Footprint

ALOHA

187

Plume Footprints and Concentration Graphs

ALOHA

188

Mapping Application for Response Planning and Local Operational Tasks available separately The user must download local maps

The user can then: select specified maps zoom in and out and move on a map overlay mark and relocate the “point of release” overlay the plume cloud onto the map re-position, re-generate and adjusted the size.

MARPLOT

189

ALOHA Plume Footprints and Concentration Graphs in MARPLOT

MARPLOT

190

OREIS

Operation Respond Emergency Information System

Aid for incidents occurring along North American highways and rails

From Operation Respond Institute Contains database references, guidebook

references and specialty reference databases

191

OREIS

Databases: Railcar and Motor carrier ID databases UN ID # database Placard displays Chemical databases

AAR CHRIS NIOSH Pocket Guide

Passenger train schematics

192

OREIS Databases:

193

Summary

Identified the types of printed/electronic reference sources

Described the advantages and disadvantages of each reference source

Utilized various reference sources to identify hazard and response information for the provided chemicals

1 chapter 9 printed & electronic reference sources haz mat technician 1b applied chemistry...

Documents

guidebook reference

particular reference

types of printed

common chemical terms

common names

response information

generic names

crossindexedcas numbers