1 canada’s rural population is growing: a rural demography update to 2011 ray d. bollman...

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Canada’s rural population is growing:

A rural demography update to 2011

Ray D. [email protected]

613-297-5826

[email protected] . . . 613-297-5826

mailto:[email protected]

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An update of:

Bollman, Ray D. and Heather A. Clemenson. (2008) “Structure and Change in Canada’s Rural Demography: An Update to 2006.” Rural and Small Town Canada Analysis Bulletin Vol. 7, No. 7 (Ottawa: Statistics Canada, Catalogue no. 21-006-XIE). (http://www.statcan.gc.ca/bsolc/olc-cel/olc-cel?catno=21-006-X&CHROPG=1&lang=eng)

Bollman, Ray D et Heather A. Clemenson. (2008) « Structure et évolution de la démographie rurale du Canada : Mise à jour jusqu'en 2006 » Bulletin d’analyse: Régions rurales et petites villes du Canada vol. 7, no 7(Ottawa: Statistique Canada, No 21-006-XIF au catalogue) (http://www.statcan.gc.ca/bsolc/olc-cel/olc-cel?catno=21-006-X&CHROPG=1&lang=fra)

Bollman, Ray D. and Heather A. Clemenson (2008) Structure and Change in Canada’s Rural Demography: An Update to 2006 with Provincial Detail (Ottawa: Statistics Canada, Agriculture and Rural Working Paper No. 90, Catalogue no. 21-601-MIE) (www.statcan.gc.ca/cgi-bin/downpub/listpub.cgi?catno=21-601-MIE).

Bollman, Ray D. Heather A. Clemenson. (2008) Structure et évolution de la démographie rurale du Canada : Mise à jour jusqu’en 2006 incluant les données détaillées par province (Ottawa: Statistique Canada, Documents de travail sur l’agriculture et le milieu rural No 90, No 21-601-MIF au catalogue). (www.statcan.gc.ca/cgi-bin/downpub/listpub_f.cgi?catno=21-601-MIF)

[email protected] . . . 613-297-5826

http://www.statcan.gc.ca/bsolc/olc-cel/olc-cel?catno=21-006-X&CHROPG=1&lang=eng

http://www.statcan.gc.ca/bsolc/olc-cel/olc-cel?catno=21-006-X&CHROPG=1&lang=fra

http://www.statcan.ca/cgi-bin/downpub/listpub.cgi?catno=21-601-MIE

http://www.statcan.ca/english/freepub/21-006-XIE/free.htm

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Outline1. Three ways of following rural demography

a. Nature of community / neighbourhood (census rural areas)b. Type of labour market (rural and small town (non-CMA/CA) areas)c. Type of region (predominantly rural regions, OECD regional typology)

2. What has the annual data been telling us?a. Nature of community / neighbourhood (census rural areas)b. Type of labour market (rural and small town (non-CMA/CA) areas)c. Type of region (predominantly rural regions, OECD regional typology)

3. Structure and trends: update with the 2011 Census of Population


4. Summary

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Canada’s rural population is growing

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Take home messages:

1. Rural Canada is growing not everywhere, but Rural Canada is growing The rural share of total population is declining because

Urban is growing faster; and due to

Successful rural development• At each census, some rural areas have grown and are re-

classified as urban.• Sometimes the re-classification is greater than the growth and

thus we sometimes see fewer rural people at the end of the period, compared to the number at the beginning of the period.

2. Rural Canada is:• growing near cities• growing less or declining away from cities• some remote areas are growing due to higher Aboriginal birth rates

and / or resource [email protected] . . . 613-297-5826


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Take home messages:

Rural Canada is growing

Recall the first ``Rural and Small Town Canada Analysis Bulletin``:

Mendelson, Robert and Ray D. Bollman. (1998) “Rural and Small Town Population is Growing in the 1990s.” Rural and Small Town Canada Analysis Bulletin Vol. 1, No. 1 (Ottawa: Statistics Canada, Catalogue no. 21-006-XIE) .(www.statcan.gc.ca/bsolc/english/bsolc?catno=21-006-X&CHROPG=1).

Mendelson, Robert and Ray D. Bollman. (1998) “Croissance démographique observée dans les régions rurales et les petites villes dans les années 90.” Bulletin d’analyse: Régions rurales et petites villes du Canada vol. 1, no 4 (Ottawa: Statistique Canada, No 21-006-XIF au catalogue) (www.statcan.gc.ca/francais/freepub/21-006-XIF/free_f.htm).

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http://www.statcan.gc.ca/bsolc/english/bsolc?catno=21-006-X&CHROPG=1

http://www.statcan.ca/english/freepub/21-006-XIE/free.htm

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4. Summary

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Census rural areas and population centres

Census rural areas have with fewer than 1,000 inhabitants and a population density below 400 people per square kilometre. The terminology for all other areas has changed starting with the 2011 census.

Statistics Canada has defined census urban areas using the same methodology based on population size and density since the 1971 Census. An census urban area was defined as having a population of at least 1,000 and a density of 400 or more people per square kilometre.

Starting with the 2011 Census, the term 'population centre' replaces the term ‘census urban area.' Population centres are classified into one of three population size groups:

• small population centres, with a population of between 1,000 and 29,999 • medium population centres, with a population of between 30,000 and 99,999 • large urban population centres, consisting of a population of 100,000 and over.

A population centre is defined as an area with a population of at least 1,000 and a density of 400 or more people per square kilometre. All areas outside population centres continue to be defined as census rural areas. Taken together, population centres and census rural areas cover all of Canada.

Users of the former census urban area concept will be able to continue with their longitudinal analysis using population centres.

For more information, please see the note titled From urban areas to population centres, available on the Statistics Canada website, which explains the new terminology and classification of population centres.


http://www.statcan.gc.ca/subjects-sujets/standard-norme/sgc-cgt/urban-urbain-eng.htm

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Within census rural areas, population densities and living conditions can vary greatly. Included in census rural areas are:. . . small towns, villages and other populated places with less than 1,000 population according to the current census;. . . rural fringes of census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations that may contain estate lots, as well as agricultural, undeveloped and non-developable lands ;. . . agricultural lands;. . . remote and wilderness areas.

Note that both population centres and census rural areas may exist within each of the “higher” geographical groups. Thus, population centres and census rural areas may be used as variables to cross-classify census data within any standard geographic areas such as census subdivisions, census divisions, census metropolitan areas, census agglomerations or census Metropolitan area and census agglomeration Influenced Zones (MIZ).

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4. Summary

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Larger urban centres (LUCs) are Census Metropolitan Areas (CMAs) and Census Agglomerations (CAs):

Census Metropolitan Areas (CMAs) have a built-up core population of 50,000 or more with a total population of 100,000 or more (prior to 2006, the built-up core threshold was 100,000).Census Agglomerations (CAs) have a built-up core population of 10,000 or more with a total population of less than 100,000 (prior to 2006, a few CAs had a total population over 100,000 if they had less than 100,000 in the built-up core – due to the different definition of a CMA prior to 2006).Both CMAs and CAs include the total population of neighbouring census subdivisions (CSDs) (i.e., incorporated towns and municipalities) where more than 50% of the employed residents commute (i.e. a measure of social-economic integration) to the built-up core of a specific CMA or CA. More details of the delineation are available from Statistics Canada (2007). {Statistics Canada. (2007) 2006 Census Dictionary (Ottawa: Statistics Canada, Catalogue no. 92-566)} (http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/english/census06/reference/dictionary/index.cfm)}

Rural and small town (RST) areas refer to non-CMA/CA areas. RST areas are divided into five types of zones based on the degree of influence (i.e., commuting) to any LUC. These zones are Census Metropolitan and Census Agglomerated Influenced Zones (MIZs) (Statistics Canada, 2007). They are defined as follows:… Strong MIZ includes CSDs where at least 30% of the employed residents commute to any CMA or CA;... Moderate MIZ includes CSDs where 5% to less than 30% of the employed residents commute to any CMA or CA;… Weak MIZ includes CSDs where more than zero but less than 5% of the employed residents commute to any CMA or CA;… No MIZ includes CSDs where none of the employed residents commute to any CMA or CA (or the number of employed residents is less than 40); and… RST Territories refers to the non-CMA/CA parts of the Yukon, the Northwest Territories and Nunavut (i.e. the areas outside the CAs of Whitehorse and Yellowknife).

{See du Plessis, Valerie, Roland Beshiri, Ray D. Bollman and Heather Clemenson. (2001) “Definitions of Rural.” Rural and Small Town Canada Analysis Bulletin Vol. 3, No. 3 (Ottawa: Statistics Canada, Catalogue. no. 21-006-XIE). (http://www.statcan.gc.ca/bsolc/olc-cel/olc-cel?catno=21-006-X&CHROPG=1&lang=eng)}

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http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census06/reference/dictionary/index.cfm


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4. Summary

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OECD Regional Typology is designed to classify Territorial Level 3 (TL3) geographic units according their degree of rurality. In each country, TL1 refers to the national level, TL2 refers to the province level (in Canada or, for example, the state level in Australia or the United States) and TL3 refers to a subprovincial geographic grid. In Canada, TL3 units are census divisions.

Predominantly urban regions are census divisions where less than 15% of the population lives in an OECD rural community.Intermediate regions are census divisions where between 15% and 50% of the population lives in an OECD rural community.Predominantly rural regions are census divisions where more than 50% of the population lives in an OECD rural community. Predominantly rural regions are further classified to recognize diversity among the rural regions.

Rural metro-adjacent regions: predominantly rural census divisions which are adjacent to metropolitan centres.Rural non-metro-adjacent regions: predominantly rural census divisions which are not adjacent to metropolitan centres.Rural northern regions: predominantly rural census divisions which are classified as “northern” when Beale Codes were assigned to Canadian census divisions. For details, see du Plessis et al. (2001). The 10 Beale Codes were designed for use in the USA. However, they did not include anything like Canada’s north so an eleventh code was added. This extra code includes census divisions that are found entirely, or a majority, above the following lines of parallel in each province: Newfoundland, 50th; Quebec and Ontario, 49th; Manitoba, 53rd; and Saskatchewan, Alberta and British Columbia, 54th. As well, rural northern regions include all of the Yukon, Nunavut and Northwest Territories. A map is available as Map B3 in Appendix B of the working paper by du Plessis et al. (2001). http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/21-601-m/21-601-m2002061-eng.htm OECD rural communities: are census consolidated subdivisions (CCSs) with a population density less than 150 persons per km2.{See du Plessis, Valerie, Roland Beshiri, Ray D. Bollman and Heather Clemenson. (2001) “Definitions of Rural.” Rural and Small Town Canada Analysis Bulletin Vol. 3, No. 3 (Ottawa: Statistics Canada, Catalogue. no. 21-006-XIE). (http://www.statcan.gc.ca/bsolc/olc-cel/olc-cel?catno=21-006-X&CHROPG=1&lang=eng)}

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http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/21-601-m/21-601-m2002061-eng.htm


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4. Summary

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The population, 15 years of age and over, residing in census rural areas increased 4.2% from

4.7 million in May, 2006 to 4.9 million in May, 2011, Canada

Source: Statistics Canada. Labour Force Survey. CANSIM Table 282-0118.

Population 15 years of age and over residing in census rural areas (million) (plotted as a 3-month moving average)

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4. Summary

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The population, 15 years of age and over, residing in rural and small town areas increased 4.4% from

4.63 million in May, 2006 to 4.84 million in May, 2011, Canada

Source: Statistics Canada. Labour Force Survey. CANSIM Table 282-0118.

Population 15 years of age and over residing in rural and small town areas (million) (plotted as a 3-month moving average)

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4. Summary

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0

2,000,000

4,000,000

6,000,000

8,000,000

10,000,000

12,000,000

14,000,000

16,000,000

18,000,000

20,000,000

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Total population

In 2010, the total population in predominantly rural regions was 9.5 million

Predominantlyurban regions

Intermediateregions

Predominantlyrural regions(subtotal)

Rural metro-adjacent regions

Rural non-metro-adjacent regions

Rural northernregions

Source: Statistics Canada. Annual Demographic Statistics. CANSIM Table 051-0052.

Up 2.1% from 2006

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0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2.0

1996to

1997

1997to

1998

1998to

1999

1999to

2000

2000to

2001

2001to

2002

2002to

2003

2003to

2004

2004to

2005

2005to

2006

2006to

2007

2007to

2008

2008to

2009

2009to

2010

Percent change intotal population

Canada's predominantly rural population grewin each year from 1996 to 2010


Intermediateregions

Predominantlyrural regions

Source: Statistics Canada. Annual Demographic Statistics. CANSIM Table [email protected] . . . 613-297-5826


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4. Summary

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0

5

10

15

20

25

30

1851 1861 1871 1881 1891 1901 1911 1921 1931 1941 1951 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 2011

Population (millions)

Population centres (1,000 or more inhabitants)

Census rural areas (outside population centres)

Note: Census rural areas have fewer than 1,000 inhabitants and a population density below 400 people per square kilometre. Population centres have a population of 1,000 or more and a population density of 400 or more inhabitants per square kilomee tre.Data are tabulated in the boundaries applicable at the time of the given census.Source: Statistics Canada. Census of Population, 1851 to 2011.

Rural minority in Canada after 1921

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-20

-10

0

10

20

30

40

1851to

1861

1861to

1871

1871to

1881

1881to

1891

1891to

1901

1901to

1911

1911to

1921

1921to

1931

1931to

1941

1941to

1951

1951to

1961

1961to

1971

1971to

1981

1981to

1991

1991to

2001

2001to

2011

10-year percent change in total population

The census rural population has grown in all but two decades since 1851, Canada

Census rural areas Population centres (1,000+ residents)

Source: Statistics Canada. Census of Population, 1951 - 2011.

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The census rural population grew in the 1950s, 1970s, 1980s and 2001 to 2011

-20

-10

0

10

20

30

40

1951 to1956

1956 to1961

1961 to1966

1966 to1971

1971 to1976

1976 to1981

1981 to1986

1986 to1991

1991 to1996

1996 to2001

2001 to2006

2006 to2011

Five-year percent change in total population

Census rural (outside population centres of 1,000 ormore inhabitants)

Population centres (1,000 or more inhabitants)

Note: Data are tabulated in the boundaries applicable at the time of the given census. Thus, the reported change is due to population growth or decline plus the net impact of the re-classification of population between population centres and census rural aeras.Source: Statistics Canada. Census of Population, 1951 to 2011.

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1951 to

1956

1956 to

1961

1961 to

1966

1966 to

1971

1971 to

1976

1976 to

1981

1981 to

1986

1986 to

1991

1991 to

1996

1996 to

2001

2001 to

2006

2006 to

2011

Newfoundland and Labrador 11 -2 0 -2 3 2 -0 13 -10 -9 -2 -2Prince Edward Island -7 3 -3 0 8 5 0 -1 -4 -1 0 -0Nova Scotia -1 14 -6 8 7 4 6 4 -2 -3 1 -2New Brunswick -0 7 -5 -10 18 6 5 5 -0 -4 -1 -0Quebec 2 -3 -7 -7 12 11 -0 7 -0 -8 5 3Ontario -3 8 -3 -1 14 1 3 12 -2 -3 4 -0Manitoba 1 -2 -5 -5 2 -4 0 3 3 0 4 2Saskatchewan -4 -6 -8 -11 -6 -1 -4 -6 -1 -4 -3 1Alberta -1 0 -7 -5 6 11 -4 5 8 3 4 4British Columbia 0 20 4 14 7 6 -1 7 4 -10 1 1Yukon 48 -0 -21 -5 19 -2 -0 38 7 -4 4 9Northwest Territories & Nunavut 11 -5 22 5 19 11 18 30 1 -9 1 -1Canada -0 3 -5 -2 9 5 1 7 -0 -4 3 1Source: Statistics Canada. Census of Population, 1951 to 2011.

5-year percent change in population in census rural areas

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Nunavut and Prince Edward Island have more than 50% of their population living in census rural areas

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

British Columbia

Ontario

Alberta

Quebec

CANADA

Manitoba

Saskatchewan

Yukon

Newfoundland and Labrador

Northwest Territories

Nova Scotia

New Brunswick

Nunavut

Prince Edward Island

Percent of total population living in census rural areas, 2011 (outside population centres of 1,000 or more inhabitants)Source: Statistics Canada. Census of Population, 2011.

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Year when census rural population

became a minority

Total population

in 2011

Population in census rural

areas in 2011

Percent of population residing in

census rural areas

in 2011

Provincial census rural population as a percent of

Canada's census rural population in

2011

Newfoundland and Labrador 1961 514,536 208,970 41 3.3Prince Edward Island still a majority 140,204 74,661 53 1.2Nova Scotia 1951 921,727 400,389 43 6.3New Brunswick 1966 to 1981 & 2006 751,171 356,692 47 5.6Quebec 1911 7,903,001 1,534,731 19 24.2Ontario 1911 12,851,821 1,806,036 14 28.5Manitoba 1951 1,208,268 333,554 28 5.3Saskatchewan 1971 1,033,381 343,398 33 5.4Alberta 1956 3,645,257 614,855 17 9.7British Columbia 1931 4,400,057 609,363 14 9.6Yukon 1971 33,897 13,335 39 0.2Northwest Territories 2006 41,462 16,901 41 0.3Nunavut still a majority 31,906 16,529 52 0.3Canada 1931 33,476,688 6,329,414 19 100.0Source: Statistics Canada. Census of Population, 1851 - 2011.

Distribution of census rural population by province, 2006

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4. Summary

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0

2

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10

12

14

16

18

20

22

24

26

1966 1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011


In 2011, 6 million individuals were livingin rural and small town areas

Note: In 2006 and 2011, Census Metropolitan Areas (CMAs) have 50,000 or more inhabitants in the built- core with a total population of 100,000 or more and Census Agglomerations (CAs) have 10,000 or more in the built-up core. Both CMAs and CAs include surrounding towns and municipalities where 50% or more of the workforce commutes to thebuilt-up core. Rural and small town (RST) refers to the population outside Census Metropolitan Areas (CMAs) and outside Census Agglomerations (CAs). The two data points for each year show the adjusted population count (due to reclassification) in order to make comparisons over time within constant boundaries.Source: Statistics Canada. Census of Population, 1966 to 2011.

Census Agglomerations (CAs)

Rural and small town (non-CMA/CA) areas

Census Metropolitan Areas (CMAs)

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5.0

5.5

6.0

6.5

7.0

7.5

8.0

1966 1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011


Rural and Small Town Population,Canada, 1966 to 2011

Source: Statistics Canada. Census of Population, 1966 to 2011.Rural and small town refers to the population outside Census Metropolitan Areas (CMAs) and outside Census Agglomerations (CAs).

At each census, some rural areas have grown and then are re-classified as urban.

Thus, the starting point for the RST population for each inter-censal period is lower than the end point for the previous inter-censal period.

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0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

All LUCs CMAs CAs All RSTareas

Strong MIZ ModerateMIZ

Weak MIZ No MIZ RSTTerritories

CMAs grew more than CAs --rural areas with stronger metropolitan influence grew more

(except for the influence of Aboriginal population growth in the RST territories)

Note: Data are tabulated within boundaries applicable at the time of the given census.In 2006 and 2011. Census Metropolitan Areas (CMAs) have a population of 100,000 or more (with 50,000 or more in the built-up core) and includes all

neighbouring towns and municipalities where 50% or more of the workforce commutes to the built -up core. Census Agglomerations (CAs) have 10,000 or more in the built-up core and includes all neighbouring towns and municipalities where 50% or more of the workforce commutes to the built -up core. Metropolitan Influenced Zones (MIZ) are assigned on the basis of the share of the workforce that commutes to any CMA or CA (Strong metropolitan influenced zone: 30% or more; Moderate metropolitan influenced zone: 5 to 29%; Weak metropolitan influenced zone: 1 to 5%; No metropolitan influenced zone: no commuters).Source: Statistics Canada, Census of Population, 1991 to 2011.

Rural and small town (RST) areasLarger urban centres

Percent change in total population, 2006 to 2011

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-12-10

-8-6-4-202468

101214161820222426

1966 to 1971 1971 to 1976 1976 to 1981 1981 to 1986 1986 to 1991 1991 to 1996 1996 to 2001 2001 to 2006 2006 to 2011

Percent change in population within constant boundaries1

Larger cities grew more than smaller cities and (except from 1976 to 1981)

smaller cities grew more than rural and small town areas, Canada

Census Metropolitan Areas (CMAs) Census Agglomerations (CAs) Rural and Small Town (RST) areas

1 Each 5-year change is tabulated within the boundaries applicable to the census at the end of the 5-year period.Note: In 2006 and 2011, CMAs have a total population of 100,000 or more (with a built-up core of 50,000 or more) and they include neighbouring towns and municipalities where 50% or more of the workforce commutes to the built-up core. CAs have an urban core of 10,000 or more persons plus neighbouring towns and municipalities where 50% or more of the workforce commutes to the built-up core. RST areas are outside the commuting zones of CMAs and CAs.Source: Statistics Canada. Census of Population, 1971 to 2011.

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0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

All LUCs CMAs CAs All RSTareas

Strong MIZ ModerateMIZ

Weak MIZ No MIZ RSTTerritories

Percent of total population

In 2011, 18 percent of Canada's populationlived in rural and small town areas

1991 1996 2001 2006 2011

Note: Data are tabulated within boundaries applicable at the time of the given census.In 2006 and 2011. Census Metropolitan Areas (CMAs) have a population of 100,000 or more (with 50,000 or more in the built-up core) and includes all neighbouring towns and

municipalities where 50% or more of the workforce commutes to the built-up core. Census Agglomerations (CAs) have 10,000 or more in the built-up core and includes all neighbouring towns and municipalities where 50% or more of the workforce commutes to the built -up core. Metropolitan Influenced Zones (MIZ) are assigned on the basis of the share of the workforce that commutes to any CMA or CA (Strong metropolitan influenced zone: 30% or more; Moderate metropolitan influenced zone: 5 to 29%; Weak metropolitan influenced zone: 1 to 5%; No metropolitan influenced zone: no commuters).Source: Statistics Canada, Census of Population, 1991 to 2011.

Larger urban centres (LUCs) Rural and small town (RST) areas

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0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011

Percent of Canada's population living in rural and small town areas

Share of population in rural and small town areas declined to 18% in 2011

Note: Rural and small town refers to the population outside Census Metropolitan Areas (CMAs) and Census Agglomerations (CAs).Data are tabulated within the boundaries applicable at the time of the given census.Source: Statistics Canada. Census of Population, 1971 to 2011.

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0 20 40 60 80 100

Ontario

British Columbia

CANADA

Alberta

Quebec

Yukon

Manitoba

Nova Scotia

New Brunswick

Saskatchewan

Prince Edward Island

Newfoundland

Northwest Territories

Nunavut

Percent of total population residing in rural and small town (non-CMA/CA) areas

The share of Canada's population residing in RST areas declined from 36% in 1971 to 19% in 2011

1971

1976

1981

1986

1991

1996

2001

2006

2011

Source: Statistics Canada. Census of Population, 1971 to 2011.

91






4. Summary

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92

-10

-5

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35


Intermediateregions

All predominantlyrural regions




Percent change of total population

Within predominantly rural regions, metro-adjacent regions have grown faster, Canada, 1996 to 2011

1996 to 2001 2001 to 2006 2006 to 2011

Source: Statistics Canada. Census of Population, 1981 to 2011. Predominantly rural [email protected] . . . 613-297-582692


103

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18


Intermediateregions





Total population (millions)

Growing population in predominantly rural regions,Canada

1981 1986 1991 1996 2001

1996 2001 2006 2011

Note: Data are tabulated within constant 1996 boundaries.Source: Statistics Canada. Census of Population, 1981 to 2011. Predominantly rural regions

Total (institutional plus non-institutional) population

Non-institutional population

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114

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100


Intermediateregions





Percent distribution of total population

In 2011, the share of population in predominantly rural regions was 29%, Canada

1981 1986 1991 1996 2001

1996 2001 2006 2011

Note: Data are tabulated within constant 1996 boundaries.Source: Statistics Canada. Census of Population, 1981 to 2011. Predominantly rural regions

Total (institutional plus non-institutional) population

Non-institutional population

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125

1996 2001 2006 2011Newfoundland and Labrador 54 53 51 49Prince Edward Island 100 100 100 100Nova Scotia 62 60 59 58New Brunswick 78 78 77 77Quebec 24 24 23 23Ontario 20 19 19 18Manitoba 44 44 45 45Saskatchewan 54 53 52 51Alberta 34 33 32 31British Columbia 42 41 40 39Yukon 100 100 100 100Northwest Territories 100 100 100 100Nunavut 100 100 100 100CANADA 31 30 30 29Source: Statistic Canada. Census of Population. 1996 to 2011.

Percent of population residing in predominantly rural regions

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126






4. Summary

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127

Take home messages:

1. Rural Canada is growing not everywhere, but Rural Canada is growing The rural share of total population is declining because

Urban is growing faster; and due to

Successful rural development• At each census, some rural areas have grown and are re-

classified as urban.• Sometimes the re-classification is greater than the growth and

thus we sometimes see fewer rural people at the end of the period, compared to the number at the beginning of the period.

2. Rural Canada is:• growing near cities• growing less or declining away from cities• some remote areas are growing due to higher Aboriginal birth rates

and / or resource [email protected] . . . 613-297-5826


128



Ray D. [email protected]

613-297-5826

[email protected] . . . 613-297-5826

Questions / Discussion

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1 canada’s rural population is growing: a rural demography update to 2011 ray d. bollman...

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