1 an overview of piracy/sea robbery issues in the malacca straits – multi naval cooperation by...

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An overview of piracy/sea robbery An overview of piracy/sea robbery issues in the Malacca straits – issues in the Malacca straits –

Multi Naval CooperationMulti Naval Cooperation

ByBy

Capt Yeow Ho Siong RMNCapt Yeow Ho Siong RMNCapt Hj Roslan B Hj Haron RMNCapt Hj Roslan B Hj Haron RMN

2011 SENIOR LEADERS SEMINAR

04/19/23 2011 Senior Leaders Seminar

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Golden heritage of the littoral states Prevailing threats encompass issues from

minor theft incidents in harbor, armed robberies at sea, environmental pollution, substantial illegal immigration up to potential maritime disasters due to terrorist acts

Stakeholders comprise of littoral states, international community, NGOs, and even robbers and pirates have differing degrees of interests over the area

States faced different level of risks than others in term of how it impact on their national interest

MALACCA STRAITS


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About 30% of the world’s trade and 80 percent of Japan's oil passes through the Malacca Straits

About 200 ships per day or 600,000 ships per year sailed through the 900km Malacca Straits

Save up to 1,600 km an equivalent of 3 days sailing time

Different states will assess risks in differing orders in terms of how they will impact on their national interest

MALACCA STRAITS

Issues on fishery protection maybe of importance to Malaysia as it will have an impact on the livelihood of the individual fishermen as well as Malaysia’s fishing industry in general, though this concern may be of no interest to other countries.


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“AN ACT OF BOARDING OR ATTEMPTING

TO BOARD ANY SHIP WITH THE APPARENT

INTENT TO COMMIT THEFT OR ANY OTHER

CRIME AND WITH THE APPARENT INTENT

OR CAPABILITY TO USE FORCE IN THE

FUTHERANCE OF THAT ACT”

THE DEFINITION USED BY IMBTHE DEFINITION USED BY IMB


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Article 101 of 1982 UNCLOS

ANY ILLEGAL ACTS OF VIOLANCE OR DETENTION, OR ANY ACT OF DEPREDATION, COMMITED FOR

PRIVATE ENDS BY THE CREW OR THE PASSENGERS OF A PRIVATE SHIP OR A PRIVATE

AIRCRAFT AND DIRECTED :

• On the high seas, against another ship or aircraft, or against persons or property on board such ship or aircraft

• Against a ship, aircraft, persons or property in a place outside the jurisdiction of any state

THE DEFINITION USED BY RMNTHE DEFINITION USED BY RMN


PIRACY A threat Hostes humani generis A crime


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• The high seashigh seas is defined as the seas outside national jurisdiction “not included in the EEZ, in the territorial seas, or in the internal waters of a state, or in the archipelagic waters of an archipelagic state”.

• The crime of piracy cannot take place in waters within national jurisdictions.

• No piracy, only sea robberiesNo piracy, only sea robberies in the Straits of Malacca.

• Piracy can only be committed on the high seas and attacks that occur whilst the ships are underway.

THE DEFINITION USED BY RMNTHE DEFINITION USED BY RMN


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SEA ROBBERIES IN MALACCA STRAITS(Malaysian Side of the Straits)

YEAR SEA ROBBERIES

2006 10

2007 7

2008 3

2009 1

2010 1

TOTAL 22


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CONCENTRATION AREA (Malaysian Side of the Straits)

Pu. Pu. PerakPerak

Pu. JarakPu. Jarak

OFBOFB

Pu. PisangPu. Pisang

Tg PiaiTg Piai

2 areas identified as area of pirates:• Northern part of Straits covers from Pulau Jarak and Pulau Perak known as hotspot for pirate attacks.• Southern part of Straits area close to Pulau Pisang and approach to Tanjung Piai.

1100


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MODUS OPERANDIMODUS OPERANDI


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• The attacks on fishing boats normally occur along the maritime boundary• Easy to escape on either side of the boundary • The attack on merchant

ships however were more sophisticated• Operate using more than one speed boat and fired automatic weapons to force the ship to stop



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Sea robbery normally occur during dark hour from midnight to early morning.



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Sea robbery use automatic rifles and modern communications equipment.

Today’s sea robbers plan their attacks

Modern day sea robbers are crude and ruthless compared to their forefathers.



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Impetus of Establishing a Multi-Naval Cooperation

• Importance of Malacca and Singapore Straits

• Perception of potential maritime terrorism

• Preservation of national interest and acknowledging international expectation

• Creation of a win-win situation amongst stakeholders

• Achieving a sensible & proportionate response

• Built on shared vision and common interests


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•Resource•Constraint

•Economic

•Security•Landscape

•National

•Interests

•Political

•MOOTW

•Jointness

•People

•issues

•MDA

•Technology

•Globalization

•Security

•Cultural•issues

•Legislations

•Foreign

•Policy

•Political•driven

•Stakeholders

•expectation

•Social

•$$$

•Priorities

•Environment

•Legal

•MMilitary

•Economic•Disparity

•Sovereignty

•Legal•framework

•Media

•Maritime •Resources•Power

•& control

•Capacity &

•capability

•Threat

•perception•Threat

•perception

•Jurisdictional

•issues

•Interoperability


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Evolution of the Multi-Naval Cooperation

MALSINDO – 20 July 2004 – Indonesia, Singapore and MalaysiaAll year round sea surveillance & sharing of informationEyes-in-the-Sky (EiS) – Sept 2005TOR & SOP – Apr 2006MALSINDO renamed MSP and Intelligence Exchange Group (IEG) formedThailand 4th partner – Sept 2008Open arrangement does not prejudice to the position of partner states 2011 Senior Leaders Seminar

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Evolution of the Multi-Naval Cooperation

•Courtesy of RSN


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Contribution of theMulti-Naval Cooperation

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Inci

dent

s Rep

orte

d

Straits of Malacca

•Source: ICC-IMB “Piracy and Armed Robbery Against Ships Annual Report- various issues 2001-2010. Figures include actual and attempted attacks.


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Status of theMulti-Naval Cooperation

Downtrend due to 2004 Tsunami – no empirical evidence Littorals positive actions ashore – influence downtrend Concern of continued downward will lead - complacency & lower tempo of multi-naval cooperation activitiesConcerns are misplaced as MSP is continuously exploring creative and innovative ideasEnsures relevancy and remains alert to prevailing threats and changing maritime security landscape


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Supplementary BenefitsMulti-Naval Cooperation

Facilitates operational dialogue and cooperationPromotes confidence and security building measures Permits the younger generation interactions at operational and tactical level Sharing of resources in other areas of maritime security concernsBouncing board for creativity and innovation in operational & tactical ideas Mitigation of perceptions and expectations towards establishing high level of trustProvides a platform for continuous engagement04/19/23 2011 Senior Leaders Seminar

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The government and the Royal Malaysian Navy are taking every steps to ensure safe passage for ships plying the Malacca Straits

Malaysia’s/Royal Malaysia Navy (RMN) commitment to ensure safety and security in the straits

The RMN will continue to remain engage as a partner in defeating any crimes in the MALACCA STRAITS

The sustainable safety and security of the straits requires international cooperation among the littoral states and the user states without compromising national sovereignty

CONCLUSIONCONCLUSION


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Aim of Multi-Naval Cooperation enhance understanding, regional and international collaboration and regional security

Domain awareness is necessity

Capabilities and employment of resources

Building partnership as regional CBMs

Continue to remain engage and help to build upon existing framework in bridging the gap

CONCLUSIONCONCLUSION


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Q and A


1 an overview of piracy/sea robbery issues in the malacca straits – multi naval cooperation by...

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