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Sciences

Comments on the University of Geneva participation to Comments on the University of Geneva participation to CoEPPCoEPP

Allan ClarkAllan ClarkDPNCDPNC

University of GenevaUniversity of Geneva

Congratulations on the success Congratulations on the success oof the CoEPP initiativef the CoEPP initiative

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GénétiqueGénétique

Science Faculty is Home Institute in 3 National Centres of ExcellenceScience Faculty is Home Institute in 3 National Centres of Excellence- Physiques of new materials (condensed matter physics)- Physiques of new materials (condensed matter physics)

- Genetics- Genetics- Biological- Biological

In addition, participation in 5 National Centres of Excellence that have other home institutesIn addition, participation in 5 National Centres of Excellence that have other home institutes

Participation in > 30 EU projectsParticipation in > 30 EU projects

To give other examples:To give other examples:– – Particle Physics is part of a national coordination (CHIPP) and is closely aligned Particle Physics is part of a national coordination (CHIPP) and is closely aligned toto

CERN. CERN. –– Astronomy is closely aligned to ESO and Federal Space OfficeAstronomy is closely aligned to ESO and Federal Space Office–– Bio-informatics is coordinated nationally Bio-informatics is coordinated nationally

Faculty Research – National Poles of Excellence

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- Département de physique théorique (DPT)

- Départment de physique de matière condensée (DPMC)+ lead house MANEP (NCCR Excellence Centre)

- Département de physique nucléaire et corpusculaire (DPNC)

- Groupe de physique appliquée (GAP)

- Observatoire de Genève

- Integral Science Data Centre (ISDC)

- CAP (a new initiative loosely linking DPT, DPNC, ISDC)

http://www.unige.ch/sciences/physique/index.html

Physics Section and Astronomy Department

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Bologna System

- 6 semester Bachelor - 2 semester course work + 1 semester thesis Master- 3 year Doctorate ( typically 4 years, maximum 5 years)

Bachelor courses include 2 years of general courses and laboratory. The third year includes introductory courses in each of

– Astronomy and Cosmology– Nuclear and Particle Physics– Condensed Matter Physics– A wide range of optional and advanced courses

– The ERASMUS program is widely used for student exchange

Master and Doctoral programs available in each of the departments, with specialisation in the research programs of the department and specialised advanced course work

– Exchanges and equivalences between different universities are now widely encouraged

– Excellence Bursaries are now available (Faculty of Science)

Teaching in the Physics Section

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Øystein Fischer (head Manep)– scanning tunneling spectroscopy of novel superconductors, the high Tc family

Thierry Giamarchi– Condensed matter theory, emphasis on strongly correlated systems, high Tc superconductors,

quantum magnetism, electronic structure, cold atomic gasesAlberto Murpurgo

– Quantum electronic measurements including new nano-electronic applicationsPatrycia Paruch

– Ferroelectric domain walls (disordered systems)– Combining ferroelectric oxide thin films with carbon nanotubes etc

Christoph Renner– Correlated electron systems and exotic quantum properties in low dimension systems

Jean-Marc Triscone– Interface physics with thin oxide films – high Tc and also exotic magnetic, ferroelectric and

semiconducting oxidesDirk van der Marel (Director)

– Optical techniques to study electronic excitations in correlated systems

All these Faculty are part of the Swiss-wide MANEP consortium

DPMC – Condensed Matter Physics

http://dpmc.unige.ch

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Faculty

Markus Büttiker Eugene Sukhorukov – Mesoscopic systems and condensed matter theoryCorinna Kollath

Claudia de Rham – cosmology – the Early Universe, Dark Energy, Extra DimensionsRuth Durrer – cosmology and particle physicsMichele Maggiore – gravitational waves, cosmology of the Early Universe, particle physics Marcos Mariño Beiras – mathematical and topological aspects of String Theory and

Quantum Field Theory, Quantum Gravity Peter Wittwer – fluid mechanics, partial differential equations

DPT – Theoretical Physics Activities

http://theory.physics.unige.ch/

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Faculty: A. Blondel, A. Clark, G. Iacobucci, M. Pohl(T. Montaruli from October 1)

+A. Bravar, D. Rapin, X. Wu, M. Nessi

Astroparticles – M. Pohl, D. Rapin

– AMS on the Space Station– POLAR to measure the polarisation of high energy gamma ray bursts– CTA project +……– Close links to ISDC in context of CAP

Neutrinos – A. Blondel– T2K experiment (Japan) – including NA61 experiment at CERN– MICE experiment (UK)– European R&D towards future neutrino beams

Large Hadon Collider and ATLAS – A. Clark, G. Iacobucci, M. Nessi, M. Pohl, X. Wu – ATLAS experiment – construction of IBL, physics analyses– R&D on silicon detectors towards future Collider activities

– Very strong links to CERN– Very strong links to other Swiss HEP institutes (CHIPP)– Several Australian students over the years (Bourses de la Confedération etc)

DPNC – Activities

http://dpnc.unige.ch

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Biophotonics – Jean-Pierre Wolf– applications of ultrafast spectroscopy for biological, medical, and environmental

research – novel experimental schemes to control molecular dynamics in biological systems– study non-linear phenomena induced by very intense femtosecond lasers, including

atmospheric phenomena

Optics – Nicolas Gisin– Quantum cryptography and quantum communication– Nonlocality and entanglement– Quantum memories– Fibre optics

Superconducting materials– Superconducting wire development (including high Tc) for MRI magnets etc with

emphasis on high magnetic fields

Quantum Electronics– (see work of Morpurgo in DPMC and Manep)

Climate Change and Climate Impact – Martin Beniston– Part of Institute of Environmental Studies, with Earth Science– Member of NCCR on Climate Change, and other FP7 etc programs– Main thrust is climate data analysis and regional climate modelling

GAP – Activities

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Extra-solar Planets and Stellar Kinematics – Stéphane Udry (+ Michel Mayor)

– Search for extra-solar planets (+ discovery of first extra-solar planet, 51 pegasi b)– Rotational velocity measurements (HARPS) – A lead institute in the ESA PLATO initiative

Stellar Evolution– Georges Meynet– Star rotation, stellar evolution modelling, nucleosynthesis etc

Extragalactic Modelling and Observation– Daniel Schaerer– Gravitational lensing for distant galaxies etc

Photometry and Gaia – Gilbert Burki– Star variability, Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN), Gamma-ray bursts, etc

ISDC- INTEGRAL Science Data Centre – Thierry Courvoisier – AGN’s, stellar variability, young star evolution– Integral (Data centre) –”high energy” gamma rays, gamma bursts, etc– Very high energy astrophysics with gamma rays (CTA project)– Acceleration mechanism of cosmic rays– Participation in Plank, Gaia, Polar, Astro-H– Future participation in EUCLID

– http://www.unige.ch/sciences/astro/– Extensive use of international facilities (La Palma, la Silla ESO etc)– Close collaboration with EPFL (Georges Meylan, weak lensing)

and with cosmology (DPT) as well as particle physics (DPNC) leading to CAP

ASTRONOMY – Activities

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MAGIC

AMS

INTEGRAL RHESSI etc

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Discovery potential determined primarily by LHC machine performance. Accelerator and hardware development essential

Melbourne and Sydney were important partners in ATLASNow extended to CoEPP partners

Comments on Geneva ATLAS Group Activities

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The ATLAS detectorSpectrometer coverage ||<2.7Trigger and measurement for µp/p < 10% to Eµ ~ 1 TeV

EM calorimeter, e trigger, ID, measurement/E ~ 10%/√E 0.007 HAD calorimeter (jets, MET)

Tiles(central), Cu/W-Lar (fwd)E-resolution: s/E ~ 50%/√E 0.03Fwd cal: s/E ~ 90%/√E 0.07

3-level triggerrate to tape~200 Hz

2 T magnetic field

Length: ~45 mRadius: ~12 mWeight: ~7000 tons

Inner Detector (||<2.5)Track and Vertex reconstruction/pT ~ 3.8 x 10-4 pT (GeV) 0.015

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MAGIC

AMS

RHESSI etc

ATLAS at LHC – Energy and Luminosity

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Geneva Collider group historically involved in:-CERN SppS experiments (UA1, UA2)-Fermilab Tevatron experiments (CDF)-Now ATLAS

Activities have included:– detector R&D + detector construction– trigger development– physics analyses

Partners in ATLAS with Bern University

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MAGIC

AMS

RHESSI etc

ATLAS at LHC – the Geneva group

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Faculty: Allan Clark, Peppe IacobucciMartin PohlXin Wu(Marzio Nessi)

Physicists: Paul BellWilliam BellSergio GonzalesJosé Navarro GarciaMarc GouletteAndrew HamiltonAlison ListerGabi Pasztor

Applied Physicist: Didier Ferrere

Doctoral Students: Gauthier AlexandreMoritz BackesElina BerglundEleonora Benhar NoccioliFrancesca BucciValerio DaoClemencia Mora HerreraSnezana NektarijevicKatalin Nikolics Attilio PicazioKilian Rosbach

Ian Watson with SydneyKatalin Nikolics with CERNAhmed Abdelalim with CERN/Egypt

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MAGIC

AMS

RHESSI etc

ATLAS at LHC – Luminosity

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Inte

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2010 … Lint = 48 (45) pb-1

2011 … Lint = 707 (674) pb-1

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ATLAS in Geneva – hardware activities I

1992 – 2009 R&D, construction and integration/commissioning of the ATLAS silicon tracker

Modules

Electronics

Mechanics

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ATLAS in Geneva – hardware activities II

2009 – 2013 R&D, construction and integration/commissioning of the ATLAS IBL pixel detector

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ATLAS in Geneva – hardware activities III

2010 – … R&D towards a new silicon tracker (collaboration with KEK)

Modules

Electronics

Mechanics

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ATLAS in Geneva – physics analyses

Attitude has been to successively:– understand the detector– understand the Standard Model– move towards searches

The LHC + ATLAS experience has been so successful that we have been “taken by surprise”.

Analyses with major UniGe participation:– minimum bias cross-section (900 GeV, 7 TeV)– W cross-section analysis– Rjet analysis in (W/Z + jets) production– Inclusive lepton (e±)cross-section– Top pair production cross-section

+ major participation in electron and trigger performance papers

Analyses in an early phase– top pair production with associated

jets– t’ searches– W’ searches and study of high-ET

single e± and e± pair production

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ATLAS in Geneva – physics analyses

Charged-particle multiplicities vs. pT for events with nch ≥ 2, pT> 100 MeV and |eta| < 2.5$ at sqrt(s) = 0.9 and 7 TeV. New J Phys 13 (2011) 053033 (22 Dec 2010)Phys Lett B 688, 1, 21 (15 March 2010)

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ATLAS in Geneva – physics analyses

Measured and predicted W vs. Z cross sections times leptonic branching ratios.ATLAS-CONF-2011-041

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ATLAS in Geneva – physics analyses

Differential cross-section as a function of the charged lepton transverse momentum for |η| < 2.0excluding the 1.37 < |η| < 1.52 region. The results for electrons and muons with statistical plus systematic uncertainties are shown. The measurements are compared to the prediction of the FONLL calculation (light blue bands: 68% uncertainty bands), the NLO calculation and the prediction of PYTHIA, POWHEG+PYTHIA and POWHEG+HERWIG. The ratio of the measured cross-section and the other predicted cross-sections to the FONLL prediction is given in the bottom plot.

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ATLAS in Geneva – physics analyses

Measurements of σ_ttbar from ATLAS (and CMS) in pp collisions, and CDF/D0 in p-pbar collisions, compared to theoretical predictions assuming a mt = 172.5 GeV as a function of √s.

ATLAS-CONF-2011-040

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Conclusion – life not easy but a lot of fun

Monte Carlo generator representationSherpa

Initial state parton showerSignal process

Final state parton showerFragmentationHadron decaysBeam remnantsUnderlying event