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#

Fluorine has the greatest attraction for electrons

"""#" With fluorine,

the forward

reaction is far

more likely to

occur than

the reverse

reaction.

" Fluorine is

the most

easily

reduced

" Fluorine is

the best

oxidizing

agent

F2 (g) + 2e- ' 2F- 2.87 Co3+ + e-

' Co2+ 1.82 Au3+ + 3e-

' Au(s) 1.50 Cl2 (g) + 2e-

' 2Cl- 1.36 O2 (g) + 4H+ +4e-

' 2H2O(l) 1.23 Br2 (l) + 2e-

' 2Br- 1.07 2Hg2+ + 2e-

' Hg22+ 0.92

Hg2+ + 2e- ' Hg(l) 0.85

Ag+ + e- ' Ag(s) 0.80

Hg22+ + 2e-

' 2Hg(l) 0.79 Fe3+ + e-

' Fe2+ 0.77 I2 (s) + 2e-

' 2I- 0.53 Cu+ + e-

' Cu(s) 0.52 Cu2+ + 2e-

' Cu(s) 0.34 Cu2+ + e-

' Cu+ 0.15 Sn4+ + 2e-

' Sn2+ 0.15 S (s) + 2H+ + 2e-

' H2S(g) 0.14 2H+ + 2e-

' H2(g) 0.00 Pb2+ + 2e-

' Pb(s) -0.13 Sn2+ + 2e-

' Sn(s) -0.14 Ni2+ + 2e-

' Ni(s) -0.25 Co2+ + 2e-

' Co(s) -0.28 Tl+ + e-

' Tl(s) -0.34 Cd2+ + 2e-

' Cd(s) -0.40 Cr3+ + e-

' Cr2+ -0.41 Fe2+ + 2e-

' Fe(s) -0.44 Cr3+ + 3e-

' Cr(s) -0.74 Zn2+ + 2e-

' Zn(s) -0.76 Mn2+ + 2e-

' Mn(s) -1.18 Al3+ + 3e-

' Al(s) -1.66 Be2+ + 2e-

' Be(s) -1.70 Mg2+ + 2e-

' Mg(s) -2.37 Na+ + e-

' Na(s) -2.71 Ca2+ + 2e-

' Ca(s) -2.87 Sr2+ + 2e-

' Sr(s) -2.89 Ba2+ + 2e-

' Ba(s) -2.90 Rb+ + e-

' Rb(s) -2.92 K+ + e-

' K(s) -2.92 Cs+ + e-

' Cs(s) -2.92 Li+ + e-

' Li(s) -3.05

" With lithium,

the reverse

reaction is far

more likely to

occur than the

forward

reaction.

" Lithium is the

most easily

oxidized.

" Lithium is the

best reducing

agent.

###

Lithium has the least attraction for electrons

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