Annex 3: References1

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1 To manage the length of this list, original country references could be traced in Psacharopoulos (1994) when cited as source to a particular country estimate.

2

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Baffour, P.T. 2015. “Determinants of Urban Worker Earnings in Ghana: The Role of Education.” Modern Economy 6(12),1240-1252.

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3

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Choi, K.S. 1993. “Technological change and educational wage differentials in Korea.” Center Discussion Paper No. 698.

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Clark, A. 2003. “Returns to human capital investment in a transition economy: The case of Russia, 1994-1998.” International Journal of Manpower 24(1): 11-30.

Cogneau, D. 2003. “Colonisation, School and Development in Africa: An Empirical Analysis.”Développement, Institutions et Mondialisation Working Paper DT/2003/01.

Cohen, B. and W.J. House. 1994. “Education, Experience and Earnings in the Labor Market of a Developing Economy: The Case of Urban Khartoum.” World Development 22(10): 1549-1565.

Cohn, E. 1997. “The Rate of Return to Schooling in Canada.” Journal of Education Finance 23(2): 193-206.

Cohn, E. and J.T. Addison. 1998. “The Economic Returns to Lifelong Learning.” Education Economics 6(3): 253-308.

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Cuaresma, J. C., and A. Raggl. 2014. “The Dynamics of Returns to Education in Uganda: National and Subnational Trends.” Vienna University of Economics and Business Working Paper 169.

Dabalen, A. 1998. “Returns to Education in Kenya and South Africa: Instrumental Variable Estimates.” University of California, Berkeley (mimeo).

Dah, A.M. and S.C. Hammami. 2002. “Returns to Education in Lebanon.” Economic Research Forum,Seventh Annual Conference.

Daoud, Y. 2005. “Gender Gap in Returns to Schooling in Palestine.” Economics of Education Review 24(6): 633-649.

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Ding, X., S. Yang and W. Ha. 2013. “Trends in the Mincerian Rates of Return to Education in Urban China: 1989–2009.” Frontiers of Education in China 8(3): 378-397.

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Duflo, E., 2001. “Schooling and labor market consequences of school construction in Indonesia: Evidence from an unusual policy experiment.” American economic review 91(4): 795-813.

Duraisamy, P. 2002. “Changes in returns to education in India, 1983–94: by gender, age-cohort and location.” Economics of Education Review 21(6): 609-622.

Dutta, P.V. 2006. “Returns to Education: New Evidence for India, 1983-1999.” Education Economics 14(4): 431-451.

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Farooq, M. 2011. “The Returns to Education for Male and Female Workers in Pakistan: A New Look at the Evidence.” The Dialogue 6(2): 125-145.

Fasih, T., G.G. Kingdon, H.A. Patrinos, C. Sakellariou and M. Söderbom. 2012. “Heterogeneous returns to education in the labor market.”

Fersterer, J., and R. Winter-Ebmer. 2003. “Are Austrian Returns to Education Falling Over Time?” Labour Economics 10: 73-89.

Filer, R., S. Jurajda, J. Planovsky. 1999. “Education and wages in the Czech and Slovak Republics During Transition.” Labour Economics 6: 581-593.

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Flabbi, Luca, S. Paternostro and E.R. Tiongson. 2008. “Returns to Education in the Economic Transition: A Systematic Assessment Using Comparable Data.” Economics of Education Review 27: 724-740.

Flanagan, R.J. 1998. “Were Communists Good Human Capitalists? The Case of the Czech Republic.” Labour Economics 5: 295–312.

Fleisher, B.M. and X. Wang. 2005. “Returns to Schooling in China under Planning and Reform.” Journal of Comparative Economics 33: 265-277.

Foltz, J.D. and O. Gajigo. 2012. “Assessing the Returns to Education in the Gambia.” African Development Bank Working Paper Series No. 145.

Freire, M.J., M. Nunez, and M. Teijeiro. 2015. “Economic Returns to Education in Panama: Evolution and Features.”

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Gibson, J. and O.K. Fatai. 2006. “Subsidies, Selectivity and the Returns to Education in Urban Papua New Guinea.” Economics of Education Review 25: 133-146.

Gindling, T.H. 1991. “Labor market segmentation and the determination of wages in the public, private-formal, and informal sectors in San Jose, Costa Rica.” Economic Development and Cultural Change 39(3): 585-605.

Giovagnoli, P. I., Fiszbein, A., and Patrinos, H.A. 2005. “Estimating the Returns to Education in Argentina: 1992-2002.” Policy, Research Working Paper no. WPS 3715. Washington, DC: World Bank.

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Glewwe, P. 1991. “Schooling, Skills, and the Returns to Government Investment in Education: An Exploration Using Data from Ghana.” Living Standards Measurement Study, Working Paper No. 76. The World Bank, Washington, DC.

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