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Korean History Glossary
Korean History Glossary
Note to the users:
This glossary has been updated on June 2015. It will be continuously updated and posted in this website.
JP: James B. Palais. Confucian Statecraft and Korean Institutions: Yu
Hyngwn and the Late Chosn Dynasty (Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1996)
W: Edward W. Wagner. The Literati Purges (Cambridge: Harvard University
Press, 1974)
SJK: Sun Joo Kim, Marginality and Subversion in Korea: the Hong Kyngnae Rebellion of 1812 (Seattle: University of Washington, 2007)
RM: Richard D. McBride, II
MD: Martina Deuchler
PL: Peter Lee
WD: Wrongful Deaths: Selected Inquest Records from Nineteenth-Century Korea, compiled and translated by Sun Joo Kim and Jungwon Kim (Seattle: University of Washington Press, 2014)
VN: Voice from the North: Resurrecting Regional Identity through the Life and Work of Yi Sihang (16721736) (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2013)
C. refers to Chinese
J. refers to Japanese
Examples: pay attention to which part is capitalized (or used lowercase), italicized, etc.
Title of a post
Amhaeng sa
secret censor
Administrative Office
Chiphynjn
Hall of Worthies
General terms
ajn
yamen attendants
Book title
Taejn chuhae
Annotations to the Great Code
abyng
officers personal aides known as the ivory soldiers
JP
Aeguk kyemong-ki
the period of the patriotic enlightenment movement
SJK
aekkak
forehead
WD
ajn
yamen attendants or local clerks
JP
alsngsi
one of the special examinations
VN
Amhaeng sa
secret censor
JP
An-cha-shih (C.)
governor
JP
angmyn
ventral side of the body
WD
anjng
pupils
WD
asa
magistrates office
SJK
chaaek
suicide by hanging
WD
chabi
specialized workmen
JP
chabo
equipment support persons
JP
chaboin
material support persons
W
chabyk
Miscellaneous taxes
SJK
chaejo chi n
Chosns indebtedness to the Mings military aid
VN
Chaekchung illok
Prison Diary
VN
chaengmun husi
a market in the palisade settlement
SJK
Chaepanjang
chief justice
WD
Chaepanso
court
WD
chaesang / zaixiang
Grand councilors
RM
Chagwan
court messengers
VN
chaik
suicide by drowning
WD
chajahyng
punishment of tattooing a letter on a criminals face or arm
WD
Chakchng
Public Administration Bureau
SJK
Chalbang
superintendent of Post Stations Jr. 6
W
Chambong
Tomb guardian
JP
Chamchangwan
participant of the Office of the Royal Lectures Sr. 3
W
Chamgun
bailiff of the Seoul Magistracy Sr. 7
W
Chamgyo
assistant editor of the Office of Diplomatic Correspondence Jr. 3
W
chamha
officials of ranks 6-9
JP
Chamjang
general
WD
Chamji
assistant vice-minister of the Ministry of War
JP
Chamjng
senior councilor
WD
Chammo
staff officer
SJK
Chammogwan
staff officer
VN
Chamni
consultant
JP
Champan
second minister of the Six Ministries Jr. 2
W
chamsang
smugglers
SJK
chamsanggwan
positions of rank six and above
SJK
Chami
third minister of the Six Ministries Sr. 3
W
chang
elder, one 10-20 years order than ego
JP
chang
a measuring unit of approximately 2.08 meters
SJK
chang
heavy stick, or beating with the heavy stick
WD
Chang
commanding general of the Five Military Commands Jr. 2
Chang
commandant of the Palace Guards Headquarters Jr. 2
Changcho
robust select soldiers
JP
Changgam
granary supervisor
SJK
Changgmsa
Bureau of Forbidden Affairs
JP
changgun
general
SJK
Changgwan
constable, guard officer
JP
Changgwan
commander
SJK
changgyo
head officer
WD
changhyng
punishment of beating with the heavy stick
WD
changjong
long-term, professional soldiers
JP
Changnyng
third inspector of the Office of the Inspector-General (2) Sr. 4
W
Changi
supervisor
VN
changyang purhyo
nursing [of the injury] did not work
WD
Changyesa
Slave Bureau proposed by Yu Hyongwon
JP
Changyewn
Slave Agency (early Chosn dynasty)
JP
Changyewn
Bureau of Slave Administration
W
Changyongwi
Robust and Brave Guards
JP
Changyongyng
Office of the Robust and Brave Guards
SJK
Chanjng
councilor
WD
chapsaekkun
miscellaneous reserve soldiers
JP
Chasawn
(river transport grain) commissioners
JP
chedu
lower belly
WD
Chegam
chiefs of directorates
JP
Chehak
deputy director of the Office of Royal Decrees Jr. 2
Chehak
deputy director of the Office of the Special Counselors Jr. 2
chehu
feudal lords
JP
Chejo
commissioner, or assistant commissioner (of the Border Defense Command or other agencies)
JP
Chejo
director of the Marketing Control Office
W
Chejo
superintendent of the Royal Stables Administration
W
chejn
ancestral ritual lands
VN
chesa
adjudication
WD
chese chi in
a person who will save the world
SJK
chewn
runners
JP
chibae yangban
ruling yangban
VN
Chibi
second inspector of the Office of the Inspector-General Jr. 3
W / JP
chi-chk
land-measuring ruler
WD
chigwan
office of earth
JP
chigwan
geomancer
WD
Chigwl
secretary of a community compact
JP
chiji
the twelve Earthly branches
WD
Chikchehak
second counselor of the Office of the Special Counselors Sr. 3
Chikchehak
second deputy director of the Office of Royal Decrees
VN
Chikchng
attendants assigned to a post or office
JP
Chikkang
lecturer of the Royal Academy (4) Sr. 5
W
chiljl
a poetry form of a quatrain in seven-syllable lines
VN
chilpums
Inquiry
WD
chilyul
A regulated verse in seven-syllable lines
chin
garrison
SJK
chinbon
authentic portrait
VN
chingwan
regional command garrison of central garrison system of 1457
JP
chindo changgun
a general who truly mastered the Way
SJK
Chinhyulchng
Relief Bureau
SJK
chinin
a true and genuine person
SJK
chinjang
garrison commanders
JP
Chinjusa
envoy to present a memorial to the emperor
JP
chinsa
a lower civil service examination degree or degree-holder, literary licentiate degree or degree-holder
SJK
Chinsawn
Hall for Advanced Scholars
JP
Chiphynjn
Hall of Worthies
W
Chiphynjn Haksa
proctor of Hall of Worthies
SJK
Chipkang
sub-district administrator
WD
Chipsa
staff military officer
SJK
Chipsabu
Chancellery
RM
Chipyng
fourth inspector of the Office of the Inspector-General (2) Sr. 5
W
Chisa
third minister of the Office of Ministers-without-Portfolio (6) Sr. 2
Chisa
director of the Royal Academy Sr. 2
Chisa
second deputy director of the Royal House Administration Sr. 2
Chisa
deputy director of the office of the Royal Lectures Sr. 2
chisk
grave tablet
cho
a military company
SJK
ch
primary wife
MD
Chobangjang
auxiliary defense officer
JP
chobo
court gazette
VN
chocham
court audience
JP
Chochang
Maritime Transport Granaries
JP
Chochn-sk
Stone to Ascend to the Heaven
VN
chodae
royal audience
JP
chogm
first inquest investigation
WD
chogmgwan
first inquest official
WD
Chogwan
company commander
JP
choi
married commoner woman
SJK
choi or sasa
Ms., or title for a commoner woman
WD
Chjak
first copyist of the Office of the Diplomatic Correspondence Sr. 8
Chjak
eighth counselor of the Office of the Special Counselors Sr. 8
Chojis
Paper Manufactory Overseer
W
chk
a measuring unit ranging from 20.8 cm to 49.24 cm
VN
chk
unit of length = 10 chon
WD
chkcha
direct lineal heir
MD
chokchi
toes
WD
chokchidu
toe tips
WD
chokchigap
toenails
WD
chokchigappong
underneath toenails
WD
Chokchinwi
Royal Relative Guards
JP
chkchp chi pun
distinction between primary and secondary wives
VN
chkpae
spine
WD
Chlchesa
commissioners of ordering and organizing
JP
chlkwa
literally stealing the degree or identity theft
VN
Chlli Pans
minister of Ministry of Personnel and Rites
WD
chllin
close neighbor
WD
chllyu
people of low status
SJK
chlongsng
iron fortress
VN
Chltosa
provincial military (army or navy) commander
JP
Chmji
a senior third rank military post
WD
Chmjijungchubusa
a senior third rank military post
WD
Chmjisa
fifth minister of the Office of Ministers-without-Portfolio Sr. 3
W
Chmjl chesa (Chmsa)
commanders of the seventeen garrisons
JP
Chmjng
fourth secretary of the Royal House Administration (2) Jr. 4
W
Chmma
horse assayer
W
Chmsa
army second deputy commander or garrison commander
SJK
Chmsajin
Prefectural-level Naval Garrisons
JP
chmslchik
official sinecures
JP
chon
a marker that shows the remoteness and closeness of relatives to oneself
SJK
chon
unit of length, 10 pun
WD
chon
village or hamlet
WD
chn
monetary unit, 10 chn = 1 yang
WD
chnan
the ceremony of the groom bringing a pair of wild geese to the birde's house
WD
chnbong
feudal lords given exclusive control over land
JP
Chnbpsa
Ministry of Justice
JP
chnch'a
battle cart
SJK
Chnchong
officer in charge of infantry
JP
chndaedng
manager grandee
RM
Chng
second secretary of the Royal House Administration Sr. 3
W
chnga sabyn yul
punishment of relocating whole household to the border region
SJK
chngan
ten Heavenly stems
WD
chngbaengni
pure officials; chief officials of top rank of the important state offices
JP
Chngbang
Personnel Office (Kory)
JP
chngbm
the principal offender or the accused
WD
Chngbuk
area north of the Chngchn River
SJK
Chngbuk tojihwisa
commander in chief of the Chngbuk Region
SJK
chngbyng
regular soldiers of commoner status
JP
chngchin
male relatives of the royal clan
JP
Chngchinbu
Office of Royal Relatives
JP
Chngchochng
Crack Select Agency
JP
chongga
the most senior family
VN
Chnggong dogam
Directorate for Rectification of Tribute, agency established by King Snjo in 1567
JP
chnggmnok
roster of Confucian scholars
VN
chnggun
regular duty soldiers
JP
Chngja
ninth counselor of the Office of the Special Counselors Sr. 9
W
Chngja
second copyist of the Office of the Diplomatic Correspondence Sr. 9
W
chongjae
High councilor
RM
chngjik
regular officials
JP
chngjik
boy servants
JP
chngjik
prestigious positions
SJK
chngjok
prestigious lineages
SJK
Chngjn
Hall of Rectitude
JP
chngmun
commemorative gates
VN
Chongmyo
The Royal Ancestral Shrine
JP
Chngnang
section chief of the Six Ministries Sr. 6
W
chngni
sentiment and reason
WD
Chngnowi
The Jurchen Quelling Guards
JP
chngny
commemorative halls
VN
chngny
area along the spine
WD
Chngnyong-sa
Blue Dragon Temple
SJK
Chngm
investigator
JP
Chngn
fourth censor of the Office of Censor-General, Sr. 6
W
Chngwan
officer of Heaven
JP
Chongyungchng
The Anti-Manchu Division (the Kyonggi Province Division)
JP
chngsa dang / zhenshi tang
Administration Chamber
RM
Chongsagwan
chief administrative officer
SJK
chngsi
one of the special examinations
VN
chongsil
main room or primary wife
MD
chngsim
crown of the head
WD
chongson
Most senior line of descent
chngi
proper sentiment and sense of justice
WD
Chngyng
third secretary of the Office of the Royal Lectures Sr. 9
W
chnham
retired officials
JP
Chnhan
third counselor of the Office of the Special Counselors Jr. 3
W
chnhwang
shortage of copper cash
SJK
Chonhyndang
Yus Hall for Respected and Worthy Scholars
JP
Chnjamun
Thousand-Character Classic
WD
Chnjk
librarian of the Royal Academy Sr. 6
W
chonju
revering the Zhou
SJK
chnmin
the lowborn
WD
chnmun
heavenly signs
SJK
chnsi
palace exam
VN
Chonwi
village head
SJK
Chonwi
sub-district administrator
WD
chnyo
a binding coil knot
WD
chp
secondary wife
MD
chp
guard station
SJK
chpchng
an official report submitted by a lower level administrative unit to a higher one
WD
chosa
entry-level office
SJK
chosi
first-stage qualifying examination
VN
Chosn hyngsaryng
Chosn Penal Order
WD
Chosnsa pyngsuhoe (J: Chsen shi henshkai)
Korean History Compilation Committee
VN
Chubu
accountant of the Military Procurement Administration
VN
chu-chk
a Zhou measurement unit
SJK
chugo
deposition
WD
Chugwan
investigation officer (State Tribunal)
W
Chugwanji
Treatise on the Ministry of Penal Affairs
WD
chuhaeng sadaedng
Regional official grandee
RM
chuin
master
SJK
chujng
award honorary titles
VN
chksil
side room or secondary wife
MD
Chuksngsa
Office of the Fortifications
W
chulsin
military degree-holder
SJK
Chunchu
recorder
SJK
Chunchu
Spring and Autumn Annals
VN
Chungchubu
Office of Ministers-without-Portfolio
W
chunggang husi
a foreign trade market established on the Chinese side of the Amnok River
SJK
Chungguk
Middle Kingdom
VN
Chunggun
deputy commander (of the Provincial Military Commanders Office) or chief military officer in the county government
WD
chnggwangsi
one of the special examinations
VN
Chunghunbu
Merit Awards Administration
W
Chunghwa-bu ogan
Inquest Records of Chunghwa County
WD
chunghwa sasang
China-centered culturalism
SJK
chungin
middle status group
VN
Chungjang-gong
Duke of Loyalty
SJK
chungnyl
loyalty and devotion
VN
Chungnyllok
Record of Loyalty and Devotion
VN
chngsi
grant posthumous title
VN
Chungsi
director of the chancellery
RM
chungsindng
assembly of ministers
RM
Chngsu muwllok
Amplified and Corrected Coroners Guide for the Elimination of Grievances
WD
Chngsu muwllok nhae
Amplified and Corrected Coroners Guide for the Elimination of Grievances in Vernacular Korean
WD
Chungi-dan
Stele of Loyalty and Righteousness
SJK
churoe or churi
torture or punishment of twisting legs by inserting wooden sticks between bound legs
WD
Chus
recorder of the Royal Secretariat Sr. 7
W
Chwabingaek
first mentor of the Crown Prince Tutorial Office Sr. 2
W
Chwabubingaek
third mentor of the Crown Prince Tutorial Office Jr. 2
W
Chwabusngji
fourth royal secretary of the Royal Secretariat Sr. 3
W
chwajang
village elder
WD
Chwarang
assistant section chief of the Ministry of Works
VN
Chwarang
assistant section chief of the Six Ministries Sr. 6
W
Chwasu
director of the Hyangchng (Bureau of Local Yangban)
WD
Chwasngji
second royal secretary of the Royal Secretariat Sr. 3
W
Chwaijng
left state councilor
VN
Chwayngjang
left division commander
VN
Chwayun
second magistrate of the Seoul Magistracy Jr. 2
W
Da Ming l (K. Taemyngnyul)
Great Ming Code Great Ming Code
WD
habang
a remote region
VN
habang chi in
the people of remote regions
VN
haeng
brevetted
WD
haengjang
short biographies
VN
Haengryl-cha
Generation names
Haengsagwan
special investigator
WD
Hagyu
third proctor of the Royal Academy Jr. 9
W
Hakchng
first proctor of the Royal Academy Sr. 8
W
Hallim
historian
SJK
hallyang
unemployed military officer
SJK
hamhae
under the jaw
WD
hammyn
dorsal side of the body
WD
hanggyng
back of the neck
WD
Hangnok
second proctor of the Royal Academy Sr. 9
W
hangl
vernacular Korean script invented in 1446
SJK
Hansng-bu
Capital District Office
SJK
Hansngbu
Seoul Magistracy
W
hato
a remote region
VN
hato-chi-in
a person from a remote area
SJK
Ho
Manchus or barbarians
SJK
hobok
Manchu-style dress
SJK
hoebong
preserving the corpse with ashes
WD
hoegwn
an official selection process in which incumbent officials mark a circle by the chosen candidates name after considering thecandidates qualifications
SJK
hoesi
second-stage metropolitan examination
VN
hogun
Manchu soldiers
SJK
Hogun
third deputy commander of the Five Military Commands Sr. 4
W
hoin
barbarians
VN
hojang
head clerk
WD
Hojo
Ministry of Taxation
SJK
Hongmullok
a preliminary candidate roster for the Hongmungwan
SJK
Hongmungwan
Office of the Special Councilors
VN
honjo
dim reign of Kwanghae-gun
VN
Hnnap
third censor of the Office of Censor-General Sr. 5
hop
1 hop = 0.1596 liter
SJK
horym
household levy
SJK
hosok
barbarian custom
VN
C.huiguan
native-place lodges
VN
Hullyn togam
Military Training Command
VN
Hullyn tojng
a senior third-rank position in the Military Training Command
SJK
hullyng
Order
WD
Hullynwn
Military Training Administration
Hullynwn Chng
second commander of the Military Training Command
SJK
Hmhm sins
New Writings on Circumspection in Judicial Decisions
WD
hmhyul chi i
meaning of legal prudence
WD
Hundo
instructor
VN
Hunjang
chief of the Military Training Administration
SJK
Hunjang
director of local school
VN
Hunyo sipcho
Ten Testamentary Instructions
SJK
husi
irregular trading posts
SJK
hwabl
established descent groups
SJK
hwai-ron
a theory differentiating those who received the benefit of Confucian transformation and those who did not
SJK
hwain
civilized people
SJK
Hwangjang Kyngchagwan
special lumber commissioner
VN
hwanhae chingbi
career history
SJK
hwanja or hwangok
grain loan system
SJK
Hwaryusa
Song of Flowers and Willows, or Song of Prostitutes
hyangan
local yangban association or its roster
SJK
hyangban
local yangban
WD
Hyangchng
Bureau of Local Yangban
SJK
hyangdang
whole yangban community
VN
hyanggok chi in
a person from the countryside
SJK
hyanggok hou yupum chaje
sons and brothers of powerful local elite and previous officials
SJK
hyanggyo
local school
SJK
hyangim
quasi-bureaucratic posts at the Hyangchng (Bureau of Local Yangban)
WD
hyangin
local yangban
SJK
Hyangjang
village elder
WD
hyangjn
local strife
SJK
hyangni
local strongmen in the Kory and early Chosn periods; clerks in the district magistrates administration office from the early Chosn on
SJK
hyangoein
nonmembers of a local yangban association
SJK
hyangsi
first-stage qualifying examination
VN
Hyangso
supervisor of the Bureau of Local Yangban
SJK
Hyangso
assistant director of the Hyangchng (Bureau of Local Yangban)
WD
Hyllyng
magistrate of the County Jr. 5
Hyllyng
magistrate of Prefecture
WD
hymae
procedural avoidance
WD
hyn
provincial administrative unit in Kory and Chosn
VN
Hyn
Lesser Prefecture or Prefecture
WD
Hyngam
magistrate of Lesser Prefecture
WD
Hyngam
magistrate sent to a lesser county (hyn)
SJK
Hyngbang
Bureau of Penal Affairs
WD
Hyngbp taejn
Comprehensive Collection of Penal Codes
WD
Hyngjo
Ministry of Punishments
SJK
Hyngjng tochp
Painting Album of Penal Affairs
WD
hyngni
a jailer, or a clerk at the Hyngbang (Bureau of Penal Affairs)
WD
hynjo
prominent ancestor
SJK
Hyppan
associate judge
WD
hyulchn
legal prudence
WD
hyungdang
chest (of the body)
WD
idu
clerks writing, which borrows either the reading or the meaning of Chinese characters to express some part of colloquial Korean
WD
igyu
ear holes
WD
Ihn
sub-district administrator
WD
iim
sub-district administrator
WD
Ijo
Ministry of Personnel
SJK
ijk
barbarians
SJK
Ijng
sub-district administrator
WD
ilga
Kinsmen or clan
Ilsngnok
Record of Daily Reflections
WD
ilsu
county servants
VN
Imwn kyngjeji
Treatises on the Economy of Land and Forest
VN
ingi
securing it with seals
WD
inhu
throat
WD
injung
philtrum
WD
inmul
prominent personalities
SJK
"Inmyng" (C. Renming)
Homicide, a section in the Great Ming Code
WD
ipchinsng
moved-in surname groups also known as ipsng and naesng
SJK
iphyangjo
move-in ancestors
VN
ipsng
moved-in surname groups also known as ipchinsng and naesng
SJK
iryun
ear flaps
WD
Isa
second deputy director of the Crown Prince Tutorial Office Jr. 1
W
isu
ear lobes
WD
Kaebyk
Creation
SJK
kaengchu
second round deposition
WD
kaesi
open markets
SJK
Kaesngbu
Kaesong Magistracy
W
kaja
upgrade rank
SJK
kajng
family
SJK
kakkn
heels
WD
kallyn
a person involved, or living witness
WD
Kamchal
senior sixth rank post bailiff of the Office of the Inspector-General
VN
Kamgyl
Revelation by Kam
SJK
kamgyl
a directive issued by a higher level administrative unit to a lower one
WD
Kamsa
provincial governor
WD
kamun
family
SJK
Kamyng
Provincial Governors Office
WD
kan
unit of measuring the size of a house; 1 kan refers to the width between two bearing poles, or 10 ch'k
WD
kanbm
accomplice
WD
kanjng
eyewitness
WD
kanso chinhoek
catching adulterer and adulterous wife on the scene of adultery by the husband himself
WD
kanm
adultery
WD
kapung
family tradition
SJK
Karye chimnam
Compendium of Family Ritual
VN
Karye wllyu
Original Stream of Family Ritual
VN
kasa
Discursive poetry
Peter Lee
kasa
a long vernacular verse form
SJK
Kasn taebu
a Junior second-rank title
SJK
ki (C: qi)
inner energy
VN
kigwan
court recorder
WD
Kijugwan
recorder
VN
kimaek
inner energy and pulse
WD
Kiroso
Bureau of Superannuation
SJK
Kiroso Sujik
administrator of the Bureau of Superannuation
SJK
kisaeng
female professional entertainer
VN
kbyng ykkoe yul
punishment for a traitor and rebel commander
SJK
kohan
death limit, or the period of responsibility for crimes
WD
koju
accuser
WD
kokto
anus
WD
kman
inquest record
WD
Kman cho
Selected Inquest Records
WD
kmbalsa
concluding statements of inquest hearings
WD
kmgwan
inquest official
WD
kmje
trial adjudications
WD
kmsi
physical examination of the body
WD
kmsi munan
a legal draft on examining a dead body
WD
Kmtogwan
commentator of the Office of Royal Lecturers, Sr. 6
W
Kmyl
a senior ninth-rank position at the Yemungwan
SJK
Kmyl
third diarist of the Office of Royal Decrees, Sr. 9
W
kong
duke
RM
kong nobi
public slave
WD
kongin
tribute middlemen or merchants
SJK
Kongjo
Ministry of Works
VN
kongjng
official witness
WD
kongni
public goods
SJK
kongnon
public opinion
VN
kongsano
public and private slave
WD
kongi
public opinion
VN
Korysa
History of Kory
VN
ksang
big merchant
SJK
kosi
ancient style poems
VN
kosin
corporal punishment or torture
WD
ku
mouth
WD
kuae chi hym
procedural avoidance
WD
kuchk
striking others with the hands or feet
WD
kuhyang
established yangban or original members of a local yangban association
SJK
Kuje-gung
Ninth Heaven Palace
VN
Kukpo
National Treasure
VN
kulchong
digging out a tomb
WD
Kullyang kamgwan
military provisions supervisor
SJK
Kmbu
State Tribunal
VN
Kmbu Tosa
inspector of the State Tribunal
VN
kmsu
birds and beasts
SJK
Kmwiyng
Forbidden Guard Division
SJK
kun
lord
kun
provincial administrative unit in Kory and Chosn
VN
Kun
Lesser County
WD
kn
a measuring unit of weight
SJK
kungwan
military officers
SJK
kungnae
perimeter of the tomb
WD
kunhyn (C. jun-xian)
prefecture and county
SJK
Kunjagam
Military Procurement Administration
VN
Kunjagam Chng
secretary of the Military Procurement Administration, Sr.3
SJK
Kunsu
magistrate of the Great County Jr. 4
W
Kunsu
junior fifth grade magistrate
VN
Kunsu
magistrate of Lesser County
WD
knyu
root cause
WD
kwachesi
exam style poems
VN
kwaes sagn
incidents of posting seditious letters in public places
SJK
kwallye
capping ceremony
VN
kwan-chk
official (measuring) ruler
WD
Kwanbansa
dscort of a Chinese envoy, Sr.3
SJK
Kwanchalsa
provincial governor Jr. 2
W
kwanchng singni
public loan
SJK
Kwanghae-gun ilgi
Veritable Records of King Kwanghae
VN
Kwangmu
reign title of the Great Han Empire (Taehan Cheguk) from 1897 to 1906
WD
Kwanhak
official learning
VN
kwanno
public slave
WD
Kwans
Pyngan Province
SJK
Kwans chungnyl chn
Story of Loyalty and Devotion in Pyngan Province
Kwans kosillok
A TRUE History of Pyngan Province
kwn
volume
VN
Kwngwan
outpost officer, Jr.9
SJK
kwnjm
placing a circle by the chosen candidate in the official selection process
SJK
kye
Branch or segment
kye
cooperative financial arrangement or mutual assistance association
SJK
kyesil
second wife
VN
kyo
military officers
SJK
Kyogam
first drafter of the Office of the Diplomatic Correspondence Jr. 4
W
Kyogm
third drafter of the Office of the Diplomatic Correspondence Sr. 6
W
kyoji
official appointment certificate
SJK
kykchaeng
petition by striking the gong
WD
kyl
a constant measure of crop yield produced by an area that varied from 2.2 to 9.0 acres depending on the fertility of the land
SJK
kyl
case review completed
WD
kyllym
surcharges on land
SJK
kylsa
concluding statement
WD
Kymsa
historian
SJK
Kyngguk taejn
Great Code of Administration
VN
kynghwa sajok
capital-based aristocratic families
VN
kyngjaeso
capital liaison office
VN
Kyngjo puji
Gazetteer of Seoul
WD
kyngmul
penis
WD
Kyngnyk
secretary of the Office of Ministers-without-Portfolio Jr. 4
Kyngnyk
adjutant of Five Military Commands Headquarters Jr. 4
kyngse
statecraft
VN
Kyngyn
Office of the Royal Lectures
W
kyngynghyng punong
entrepreneurial peasants
SJK
Kyori
second drafter of the Office of the Diplomatic Correspondence Jr. 5
Kyori
fifth counselor of the Office of the Special Counselors Sr. 5
Kyosgwan
Office of the Editorial Review
W
Kyosu
education officer Jr. 6
W
Kyosu
preceptor
SJK
Kyunykchng
Equal Service Bureau
SJK
li
a measuring unit approximately 3.3 miles
SJK
li
a measuring unit of distance; 1 li = 449.17m
VN
Li or Ri
Sub-district
WD
Maehwa yng
Rhapsody of Plum Tree
maehyang
sale of local yangban association membership
SJK
Maeksuga
Mourning Yin Melody
mal
1 mal = 10 toe = 5.96 liter
SJK
Manchwihn
Hall of Ever Green
VN
Mangyng-dae
Terrace of Ten Thousand Scenes
VN
Manho
subarea commander
SJK
manin
Manchu people
VN
mansang
iju merchants
SJK
maripkan
elevated chieftain
RM
millan
popular rebellions
SJK
milso
secret memorial
VN
min
a string of coins; 1 min = 1 yang
WD
mingo
people's fund
SJK
minjung
mass
SJK
minjung hyngmyng i sngu
the herald of people's revolution
SJK
minyo
folk song
SJK
moban taeyk yul
punishment for high treason
SJK
Mok
Special County
WD
Moksa
magistrate of the City/ Island Sr. 3
W
Moksa
magistrate of Special County
WD
mollak yangban
fallen yangban
SJK
mosa
strategist
SJK
Muchng
Military Administration Bureau
SJK
mumu
boorish
VN
mun
monetary unit; 100 mun = 10 chn = 1 yang
WD
munan
inquest report
WD
munan palsa
concluding statements of inquest examinations
WD
munbl
prominent families
VN
Munhak
second tutor of the Crown Prince Tutorial Office Sr. 5
W
munjae
a civil official
SJK
munjang
lineage chief
WD
munjip
collected literary works
VN
munjung
lineage association
VN
munkwa
higher civil service examination, or its degree or its degree-holder
WD
Munmyo
National Confucian Shrine
munmyo
Confucian Shrine
VN
munmyng chi chi
a land of civilization
VN
Munwn
Hongmungwan or Yemungwan
SJK
munwn chi pyng
illness of writers
VN
munye
skills in writing literature
VN
muny
female shaman
WD
Muwllok
Coroners Guide for the Elimination of Grievances
WD
muyk
no military obligation
WD
myogalmyng
tomb stele inscriptions
VN
Myn
District
WD
myngbun
one's proper station
VN
myngsagwan
a special investigator
WD
mynim
district administrator
WD
Naebu
Ministry of the Interior
WD
Naegmwi
Palace Guards Headquarters
W
Naegmwi in
palace guardsmen
naejaejk palchn non
internal development theory
WD
naeryong
incoming dragon vein (in geomancy)
WD
naesng
moved-in surname groups also known as ipchinsng and ipsng
SJK
Naesng sasin
private minister of the Palace Domestic Service
RM
Naesusa
Palace Supply Office
W
naeng
fifth columnists
SJK
nakhyng
punishment of putting a hot iron on the soles of a criminal's feet
WD
namdang
Southern Chamber or South Hall
RM
Namin
Southerner Faction
SJK
namjngan
military roster
SJK
nanjanghyng
punishment of indiscriminate beating of the soles of a criminal's feet
WD
nisagm
Successor prince
RM
nobi
slave
WD
noehu
occipital
WD
nogp
stipend village
nongmin hangjaeng
peasant resistance movement
SJK
nongmin pallan
peasant rebellion
SJK
Non (C: Lun yu)
Analects
VN
Noron
Patriach's Faction
SJK
nksa
strangled to death
WD
oebang yusaeng
students from a provincial area
SJK
oeson
descendants from a daughters line
VN
oeye
maternal line descendant
VN
ogan
criminal investigation records
WD
ohaeng
five phases
SJK
ojak (C. wuzuo)
coroners assistant
WD
ojak no
slave coroners assistant
WD
ojak saryng
coroners assistant
WD
okchaegwan
jailer
WD
okchng
facts of the case
WD
mhyng ilcha
one round of beating
WD
ongmuyangbm
one crime shall not have two offenders
WD
nmun
the Korean vernacular
SJK
on chlgu
A quatrain in five-syllable lines
Oryei
Five Rites of State
VN
Owi
Five Military Commands
W
Owi Puhogun
fourth deputy commander of Five Military Commands, Jr.4
SJK
Owi Tochongbu
Five Military Commands Headquarters
W
Owi tochongbu
Five Military Commands
VN
Owijang
commander at the Five Military Commands, Sr.3
SJK
Pa
Branch or segment
Pach'ong
battalion commander
SJK
pae
bowing on their knees
VN
Paebijang
staff commander
SJK
Paeji
post-station runner
SJK
paekkwal or palgwal
complaint petition
WD
Paksa
seventh counselor of the Office of the Special Counselors Sr. 7
Paksa
reference consultant of the Royal Academy Sr. 7
Palchang
post-station chief
SJK
palchn
eight meanest groups of people
WD
palgo
a genre of writing used for the civil service examination
VN
palgo
file a complaint, or complainant
WD
palgomun, baguwen
Eight-legged essay style
palje
neck hairline
WD
palsa
concluding statement
WD
panbu
royal judgment
WD
Pang or Bang
District
WD
pangim
sub-district administrator
WD
pangn
dialect
SJK
Pangwan
governors aide
WD
Pangwan
a junior fifth-rank military office
SJK
Pangwan
governors Aide / magistrates Aide Jr. 5
Pangwan
auditor (and others) of the Royal House Administration Jr. 5
Pangwan
chief clerk of the Seoul Magistracy Jr. 5
pangye
district servant
WD
Pangyo
editor of the Office of Diplomatic Correspondence Sr. 3
Pangylsa
chief of the Bureau of Slave Administration Sr. 3
W
Pangyng
Defense Command
SJK
Pansa
second minister of the Office of Ministers-without-Portfolio Jr. 1
Pansa
deputy director of the Royal House Administration Jr. 1
Pansa
judge
WD
Pans
minister of the Six Ministries Sr. 2
W
pansu
yangban village headman
WD
Panyun
chief magistrate of the Capital District Office, Sr.2
SJK
Parhae ko
Study of Parhae
VN
Pibynsa
Border Defense Command
SJK
pichk
kicking, or kicked to death
WD
pigo
defendant, or the accused
WD
pigyu
nostrils
WD
pihun
Confidential Directive
WD
piin nksa
strangled to death
WD
piin salsa
murder
WD
pija
stabbed to death
WD
pijang or katbachi
tanner
WD
pijang chisa
death as a result of torture
WD
pijang ny
female tanner
WD
pijun
tip of the nose
WD
pil
unit of cloth measurement
SJK
Pilsn
first tutor of the Crown Prince Tutorial Office Sr. 4
W
Pinggo
Ice Storage
VN
piryang
bridge of the nose
WD
po
defense station
SJK
po
paces
SJK
pobusang
peddlers
WD
Podo taejang
director of the Capital Police Bureau
VN
Podochng
Police Bureau
SJK
Podk
first tutor of the Crown Prince Tutorial Office Jr. 3
W
pogo hangi
period of responsibility for crimes
WD
pogos
Report
WD
pok
unit of fabric by width
WD
pokkm
second inquest investigation
WD
poksi
second-stage metropolitan examination
VN
Pmmu Amun
Ministry of Justice
WD
pmmul
investigation tools used for the examination of the corpse
WD
Ponggyo
a senior seventh-rank office at the Yemungwan
SJK
Ponggyo
first diarist of the Office of Royal Decrees Sr. 7
W
pongmi
seal and stamp the answer sheet to hid examinee's identity
VN
Pongsangsi Chmjng
fourth secretary at the Bureau of Royal Rituals, Jr.4
SJK
pongwan
clan seat
SJK
pnho
friendly Jurchen
VN
Pppu
Ministry of Justice
WD
pryl
capital-based prominent yangban families in the late Chosn
SJK
posang
wrapping merchant
WD
Posangchng chlmok
Principles of peddlers associations
WD
posangdan
peddlers association
WD
Pu
deputy director of the Crown Prince Tutorial Office Sr. 1
W
pu
rhyme prose
VN
Pu
Special City
WD
pu chiryng
Order from the Ministry of Justice
WD
Pubyngnu
Pavilion of Floating Green
VN
Puchonggwan
deputy commander of the Five Military Commands Headquarters Jr. 2
W
Pugin
Northerners
VN
puho
rich household
SJK
puho taego
wealthy merchants
SJK
Puhogun
fourth deputy commander of the Five Military Commands Jr. 4
W
pujae mosang
three-year mourning for his deceased mother when his father was still alive
VN
Pujang
battalion commander of the Five Military Commands Jr. 6
W
Pujangchng
Office of Patrol
SJK
Pujehak
first counselor of the Office of the Special Counselors Sr. 3
W
Pujng
third secretary of the Royal House Administration Jr. 3
W
Pujngja
third copyist of the Office of the Diplomatic Correspondence Jr. 9
W
Pukkwan hanak
wicked erpson from Hamgyng Province
WD
Pukyori
junior fifth counselor of the Office of the Special Counselors Jr. 5
W
Pumin togam
superintendent of min'go
SJK
Pumju
Granary Authorities
RM
pun
monetary unit; 100 pun = 10 chn = 1 yang
WD
pun
unit of length; 10 pun = 1 chon
WD
pungwan
initial assignment of traineeship for munkwa passers
SJK
Punghn
district administrator
WD
pungsok
customs
SJK
pungsu (C. feng-shui)
geomancy or geomancer
WD
puni
propriety
WD
Pusa
magistrate of the Town, Jr. 3
Pusa
magistrate of County
WD
Pusagwa
junior fifth rank military officer of the Five Military Commands Jr. 5
W
Pusajik
junior fifth rank military officer of the Five Military Commands Jr. 5
W
Pusajng
junior seventh rank military officer of the Five Military Commands Jr. 7
W
Pusamaeng
junior eighth rank military officer of the Five Military Commands Jr. 8
W
pusang
back-packing merchant or pack-peddler
WD
Pusayong
junior ninth rank military officer of the Five Military Commands Jr. 9
W
Pusuchan
junior sixth counselor of the Office of the Special Counselors Jr. 6
W
Punggyo
junior fourth counselor of the Office of the Special Counselors Jr. 4
W
Puwngun
great lord
W
Puwnsu
assistant supreme commander
SJK
Puyun
magistrate of the Special Capital Jr. 2
W
Puyun
magistrate of Pyngyang
VN
Puyun
magistrate of Special City
WD
pye sa-gun
the area where four districts were located in the early Chosn period
SJK
pyo
documentary prose
VN
Pyohaerok
Record of Drifting across the Sea
VN
pyk
obsession
VN
Pyl-Chongsagwan
special staff officer
VN
pyl yuho
quasi-yangban households
SJK
Pylchang
garrison commander, Jr.9
SJK
Pylgam
assistant director of the Bureau of Local Yangban
SJK
Pylgm
assistant supervisor at the Ice Storage
VN
pylji
addendum
WD
pyllan
politically charged rebellions
SJK
pyllymun
four- or six-pair couplets
VN
pylsi
special examination
VN
Pyngburyng
director of the Ministry of War
RM
Pyngjangsa
manager of Important National Security Matters
RM
Pyngjo
Ministry of Military Affairs
WD
Pyngma Chmjlchesa
army second deputy commander Jr. 3
W
Pyngma Chlchesa
army deputy commander Sr. 3
W
Pyngma Chltosa
army commander Jr. 2
W
Pyngma Pyngsa
army aide Sr. 6
W
Pyngma Tonchmjlchesa
army third deputy commander Jr. 4
W
Pyngma Uhu
army inspector Jr. 3
W
pyngmun
interrogation without torture
WD
pyngnip
coarse bamboo hat
WD
Pyngniwn
Supreme Court
WD
Pyngsa
provincial military commander
SJK
Pyngsis
Marketing Control Office
W
Pyngyang chi
Gazetteer of Pyngyang
VN
Pyngyang sokchi
Gazetteer of Pyngyang, Continued
VN
Pyngyng
Provincial Military Commanders Office
WD
pynjang
military office in border region
SJK SJK
pynjwa
left side of the head
WD
pyno chi ryu
commoners obliged to military service
SJK
pynu
right side of the head
WD
pynsinsul
occult arts
SJK
roehyng
torture or punishment of twisting legs by inserting wooden sticks between bound legs
WD
Sa
director of the Crown Prince Tutorial Office
W
sa
battalion
SJK
sa
prose-poetry
VN
saaek swn
royal-chartered private academy
SJK
saan
special investigation report
WD
sabi
private female slave
WD
Saboksi
Royal Stables Administration
W
sabon
a copy
VN
sabu
scholar-official
WD
Sabyonnok
Thoughtful Elucidations
VN
sadaedng
official grandee
RM
saengwn
a lower civil service examination degree or degree-holder; classics licentiate or its degree-holder
SJK
Sagan
second censor of the Office of Censor-General Jr. 3
W
Saganwn
Office of the Censor-General
SJK
Saguk (Sillokchng) Tansang
()
director of the Veritable Records Office
W
Sagwa
sixth rank of military officer of the Five Military Commands Sr. 5
W
Sagwan
historian
W
Sagwan
recorder
W
Sagwangs
Office of the Examinations
W
Sagyng
first secretary of the Office of the Royal Lectures Sr. 7
W
Sahak
Four Colleges
W
Sahnbu
Office of the Inspector-General
W
sahwa
private settlement
WD
sahwan
a domestic servant
SJK
sahyng
punishment of death penalty or capital punishment
WD
sahyng
private punishment or torture
WD
sain
a scholar or yangban
SJK
sajang
belles lettres
VN
Saji
overseer of the Paper Manufactory Jr. 6
W
Sajik
fifth rank military officer of the Five Military Commands Sr. 5
W
sajok
political and social elites of Chosn
VN
Sajng
seventh rank military officer of the Five Military Commands Sr. 7
W
sallim
rustic scholar
VN
Samaeng
junior rank military officer of the Five Military Commands Sr. 8
W
samasi
triennial lower civil service examinations
SJK
samchu
third deposition
WD
Samdo tongjesa
regional naval commander, Jr.2
SJK
samgarye
capping ceremony
VN
samgong
three high state councilors
W
Samguk sagi
History of the Three Kingdoms
Samguk yusa
Memorabilia of the Three Kingdoms
VN
samin
policy of population relocation
VN
samsip se
thirty years old
WD
samsumi
rice surtax to support the three types of soldiers
SJK
samun nanjk
a despoiler of the TRUE Way
VN
san
grave, gravesite, graveyard, or mountain
WD
San guo zhi yan yi
Romance of the Three Kingdoms
SJK
sangdaedng
senior grandee
RM
sangha achi
upper and lower molars
WD
sangha sunmun
upper and lower lips and around lips
WD
sanghan
commoner
SJK
Sanghogun
first deputy commander of the Five Military Commands Sr. 3
W
sangjae
Senior grand councilor
RM
sangjaesang
Senior grand councilors
RM
Sangjinchng
Ever-Normal Relief Bureau
SJK
sangmu chi chi
a place that valued martial arts
VN
sangmyng
requital for a life
WD
Sangnye piyo
Essentials of Funerary Rites
VN
Sangpyngchng
Ever-Normal Bureau
SJK
sangsang
Senior grand councilor
RM
sangso
submit a memorial
VN
Sangssng / Shangshu sheng
Department of State Affairs
RM
sangyga
community funeral home
WD
sano
private male slave
WD
sansong
dispute over gravesite, or gravesite litigation
WD
sanm
blessing emanating from the ancestors grave
WD
Sapyng
second secretary of the Bureau of Slave Administration Sr. 6
W
sarim
Confucian scholars or local scholars
VN
sarim kongsong
public praise from regional yangban elites
VN
Saryak (C: Shi lue)
Concise History
VN
saryn
a person related
WD
sasin
Private or confidential minister
RM
Sas
fourth tutor of the Crown Prince Tutorial Office Sr. 6
W
Sasng
assistant master of the Royal Academy Jr. 3
W
sau
Confucian shrines
VN
Sai
first secretary of the Bureau of Slave Administration Sr. 5
W
Sansa kym chinjusa
embassy expressing gratitude for imperial grace and submitting an appeal
VN
Saye
second assistant master of the Royal Academy Sr. 4
W
Sayong
ninth rank military officer of the Five Military Commands Sr. 9
W
se
counting unit of persons age
VN
segji
semipermanent residence
SJK
Seja Sigangwn
Crown Prince Tutorial Office
W
Sejong sillok chiriji
Veritable Records of King Sejongs Geographic Survey
VN
Shi wen lei ju
Classified Compendium of Affairs and Things
VN
sichin
the close relative of the deceased
WD
Sidokkwan
reader of the Office of the Royal Lectures Sr. 5
W
Siganggwan
expositor of the Office of the Royal Lectures Sr. 4
W
sigp
Stipend village
RM
Sigyng
Book of Poetry
VN
sijang
autopsy or inquest form
WD
sije
anniversary ancestor ritual
WD
sikkisang
esophagus
WD
silchik
regular office
SJK
Sillok
Veritable Records
VN
"Sim Chong ka"
Song of Sim Chng
WD
simgam
between the chest and belly
WD
Simjam (C: Xin zhen)
The Maxim to Our Mind
VN
Simnirok
Records of Royal Reviews
WD
simsang
three years of mourning in ones heart
VN
Sinangwan
the guesthouse in Chngju
SJK
sindobi
spirit-path stele
VN
singni
interest income from loaning out the fund
SJK
singnynsi
triennial regular examination
VN
sinhae tonggong
joint-sale decree in 1791 which allowed unlicensed merchants to operate in the capital alongside the six shops
SJK
sinhyang
local yangban or people with lesser social status who aspired to earn membership in a local yangban association
SJK
sinim sahwa
purges of 172122
VN
Sinju Muwllok
Newly Annotated Coroners Guide for the Elimination of Grievances
WD
Sinjng Tongguk yji sngnam
Augmented Survey of the Geography of Korea
VN
Sinmirok
A Story of Sinmi Year
SJK
sinmun
fontanel
WD
sinnang
scrotum
WD
sinsa
holy master
SJK
Sirang
vice-director
RM
sirhak
practical learning
VN
sirin
TRUE cause of death
WD
Siwigwan
escort
WD
so-chunghwa
lesser civilization
SJK
Sobuk
Small Northerners
VN
sdang
village school
SJK
Sdo chabyng
Miscellaneous Songs of the Western Capital
VN
sgi
court clerk
WD
Sgigwan
document clerk
SJK
sogo-gun
sogo army which was modeled after the Zhejiang system of military organization in the late Ming period
SJK
Sgyng
Book of History
VN
Sgyng chi
Gazetteer of Pyngyang
VN
Sgyng pu
Song of the Western Capital
VN
Sgyng sihwa
A Talk on Poetry from the Western Capital
VN
Sgyng tongji
Comprehensive Gazetteer of Pyngyang
VN
Sohak
The Elementary Learning or The Lesser Learning
SJK
sohwa
lesser civilization
SJK
sin
Pyngan people
SJK
Sin
Westerner Faction
SJK
sjae
study hall
WD
sojang
petition
WD
Sjng Townsu
commander-in-chief of the western expedition
W
sojunghwa
a lesser civilization
VN
Sok taejn
Supplementary Great Code
sl
tongue
WD
Slgyng
second secretary of the Office of the Royal Lectures Sr. 8
W
Sls
fifth tutor of the Crown Prince Tutorial Office Sr. 7
W
sm
1 sm = 15 or 20 mal = 1 picul of grain by volume = 89.464 or 119.285 liters
SJK
Snbongjang
chief field commander
SJK
sng
surname
WD
songan
litigation records
WD
songbyn
hearing
WD
snggwan chedo
ancestral seat system
SJK
Snggyun'gwan
Royal Academy
SJK
sngi
cavalrymen
SJK
sngin
a savior
SJK
sngin
sage ruler
VN
Sngnihak
Learning of Nature and Principle
VN
songsang
Kaesng merchants
SJK
Snjn or Snjngwan
royal messenger
WD
Snjngwanchng
Office of Transmission
SJK
snsan
lineage cemetery
WD
sl
nothoi or sons of yangban by slave or commoner concubines
SJK
sl
concubines son
VN
sorin
houseguest
SJK
Soron
Disciples Faction
VN
ssil
study hall
VN
ssuk
study hall
VN
swn
private academy
SJK
Syun
deputy magistrate of Pyngyang or Seoul
VN
ssi
Madam, or title for a yangban woman
WD
Suchan
sixth counselor of the Office of the Special Counselors, Sr. 6
W
sucho yuso
handwritten draft memorial
VN
Sugun Chmjlchesa
navy deputy commander Jr. 3
W
Sugun Chltosa
navy commander Sr. 3
W
Sugun Manho
navy sub-area commander (and others) Jr. 4
W
Sugun Uhu
navy inspector Sr. 4
W
Sugunyng
Navy Commanders Office
suji
fingers
WD
sujidu
fingertips
WD
sujigap
fingernails
WD
sujigappong
underneath fingernails
WD
sujikkun
watchman
WD
sujok
lineage leaders
WD
sujong chi yul
the law concerning accomplices
WD
Sumunjang
chief of gatekeepers
SJK
Sumunjangchng
Gatekeeper's Office
SJK
Sunchalsa
border inspector
W
Sunginjn
Kija shrine in Pyngyang
SJK
Sngji
royal secretary of the Royal Secretariat, Sr.3
W
Sngjngwn
Royal Secretariat
W
Sngjngwn ilgi
Records of the Royal Secretariat
VN
Sngmunwn
Office of the Diplomatic Correspondence
W
sungmyng
veneration to Ming
VN
Sungnyngjn
Tangun shrine in Pyngyang
SJK
sungyo
sheriff
WD
Sunmu Chunggun
deputy commander of the Circuit Pacification Army Headquarters
SJK
Sunmuyng
Circuit Pacification Army Headquarters
SJK
sunmyng paeho
revering the Ming and rejecting the Jurchen
VN
Sunyng
Circuit Army Headquarters
SJK
Sunyng
Provincial Governors Office
WD
Sunyng Chunggun
deputy commander of the Circuit Army Headquarters, Sr.3
SJK
Suryng
magistrate
susim
palms
WD
suwan
wrists
WD
suyanghyng
adopted older sister or brother
WD
suyangje
adopted younger brother
WD
suyangmo
godmother
WD
taebangsulgaek
master ascetic
WD
taebo
Great bulwark
RM
Taebodan
Altar of Great Retribution
VN
Taebuk
Great Northerners
VN
Taedohobu
Greater County
WD
Taedohobusa
magistrate of the Special City Sr. 3
W
taedongmi
tribute rice surtax
SJK
taedongpp
Uniform Land Tax Law
SJK
taedng
grandee
RM
taegae
a summary of the memorial
VN
Taegan
censorate
W
Taegun
great prince
Taegyo
second diarist of the Office of Royal Decrees Sr. 8
W
Taegyo
a senior eighth-rank office at the Yemungwan
SJK
Taehan Cheguk
Great Han Empire
WD
Taehogun
second deputy commander of the Five Military Commands Jr. 3
W
taehyng
punishment of beating with the light stick
WD
Taejehak
director of the Office of Royal Decrees or the Office of the Special Councilors
VN
Taejn chuhae
Annotations to the Great Code
Taejn hoetong
Comprehensive Collection of Dynastic Code
Taejn husongnok
Later Supplement to the Great Code
Taejn tongpyn
Comprehensive Great Code
taejongson
The senior-most descent line of a clan
taemyng iri
Chosns gratitude to the Ming for its military aid during the Japanese invasions
VN
Taesagan
censor-general of the Office of the Censor General Sr. 3
W
Taesahn
inspector-general of the Office of Inspector-General Jr. 2
W
taesang
injury to the fetus
WD
Taesasng
headmaster of the Royal Academy Sr. 3
W
Taesin
minister
WD
Taewngun
the father of King Kojong
WD
Taewnsu
supreme commander
SJK
tangbogun
scout soldier
WD
tanggun
Chinese soldiers
SJK
Tangun-dae
Tangun Terrace
VN
tangjil
a son of a male cousin or a second nephew
WD
tangmok
Chinese cotton
WD
tangpyng
politics of impartiality
VN
tangsanggwan
officials of the upper end of the hall; high-ranking officials whose rank reached higher than senior third rank
SJK
Tangsi (C: Tang shi)
Tang Poems
VN
To
Province
WD
Tochonggwan
commander of the Five Military Commands Headquarters Sr. 2
W
Todang
Executive Office
RM
Todangnok
a final candidate roster for the Hongmungwan
SJK
toe
1 toe = 10 hop = 0.596 liter
SJK
tgin
men of virtue
VN
togwa
provincial examination
WD
togwan chedo
indigenous office and rank system
SJK
togwanjik
indigenous offices
SJK
toho
indigenous power-holders
SJK
Tohobu
County
WD
Tohobusa
commander in chief
SJK
Tohobusa
magistrate of County
WD
tohyng
punishment of penal servitude
WD
Tojihwisa
commander in chief
SJK
Tojng
first secretary of the Royal House Administration Sr. 3
W
tk
virtue
VN
Toksdang
Hall of Reading
Tollyngbu
Royal House Administration
W
tong or dong
village
WD
Tongbusngji
sixth royal secretary of the Royal Secretariat Sr. 3
W
tongchu
joint interrogation under torture
WD
Tonggyng chi
Gazetteer of Kyngju
VN
tongim
village administrator
WD
Tongin
Easterners
VN
tongjang
village headman or village elder
WD
Tongjisa
third deputy director of the Royal House Administration Jr. 2
Tongjisa
second deputy director of the Office of the Royal Lectures Jr. 2
Tongjisa
assistant director of the Royal Academy Jr. 2
Tongjisa
fourth minister of the Office of Ministers-without-Portfolio Jr. 2
tongjok purak (J.: dzoku buraku)
same surname village
SJK
Tongjng taebu
a senior third-rank title
SJK
tongmong
young student
WD
tongmun
a circular
SJK
Tongmunsn
Anthology of Korean Literature
VN
Tongnyewn
Office of Ceremonies
SJK
tongpo
fellow countryman
VN
tongsa
interpreter
VN
tongsng chollak
same surname village
VN
tongsu
village headman or village elder
WD
Tosa
auditor of the Office of Ministers-without-Portfolio Jr. 5
Tosa
auditor of the Five Military Commands Headquarters Jr. 5
Tosa
inspector of the Province Jr. 5
Tosa
inspector of the State Tribunal
VN
tosng
surname with geographical identification or indigenous surname
SJK
Tosngji
first royal secretary of the Royal Secretariat Sr. 3
W
tubok
upper belly
WD
tuhang
surrender
VN
tujang
steal a tomb site and illegally bury, or such an illegal burial
WD
Tkchingwan
special participant (Office of the Royal Lecture)
tumin
village headman or village elder
WD
turak
a measure of land where 1 mal (4.765 U.S. gallons) of rice seed is sown
WD
turo
cranium
WD
ban
county yangban roster
SJK
Ubingaek
second mentor of the Crown Prince Tutorial Office Sr. 2
W
Ububingaek
fourth mentor of the Crown Prince Tutorial Office Sr. 2
W
Ubusngji
firth royal secretary of the Royal Secretariat Sr. 3
W
i
righteousness
VN
ibyng
militia or righteous army
SJK
igmbu
State Tribunal
SJK
ihwa
peace negotiation
VN
ijngbu
State Council
W
iri
propriety
VN
irye (C. I-li)
Book of Etiquette and Ceremonials
VN
isaeng
herbalist or medical specialist
WD
m
protection privilege
WD
mjik
Protection route appointment
nggyo
drafter Sr. 4
W
nggyo
fourth counselor of the Office of the Special Counselors Sr. 4
W
p
bowed to him as an equal
VN
Us
Idle Jottings
Usngji
third royal secretary of the Royal Secretariat Sr. 3
W
Uijng
right state councilor
VN
Uyun
third magistrate of the Seoul Magistracy Jr. 2
W
wn yuho
authentic yangban households
SJK
wnak hyangni
corrupt clerks
SJK
wnan
original roster
SJK
wngo
plaintiff
WD
wnhyang
original members of the local yangban association
SJK
Wnja Poyanggwan
special mentor of the Crown Prince
W
Wnjang
director of a private academy
VN
Wnjpsa
receiving agent of a Chinese envoy
VN
Wnsu-dae
Pavilion of the Great General
SJK
Xiyuan jilu (K. Sewllok)
The Washing Away of Wrongs
WD
Yakchng
district administrator
WD
yang
monetary unit; 1 yang = 10 chn = 100 p'un or mun
WD
yangaekchi
both armpits
WD
yanganpo
both eyelids
WD
yangban
a term referring to social, political, economic elite of the Chosn dynasty
SJK
yangbibu
both backs of the shoulders
WD
yangdun
both buttocks
WD
yanggagwan
both ankles
WD
yanggak sinjik
both legs are straight
WD
yanggakkwa
both ankles
WD
yanggaksim
both soles of the feet
WD
yanggangmyn
both tops of the feet
WD
yanggokchu
both crooks of the knees
WD
yanggokchu
inside the elbow
WD
yanggwa
both groins
WD
yanggylbungol
both depressed areas above the shoulder blades
WD
yanggymin
both shins
WD
yanggyngap
both shoulders
WD
yanghuhyp
sides under arms
WD
yanghlju
both elbows
WD
yanghppak
upper arms
WD
yanghurk
back ribs
WD
yanghyp
sides under the arms
WD
yangi
both ears
WD
yangign
both roots of the ears
WD
yangjn-chk
a land-survey ruler
WD
yangmi
both eyebrows
WD
Yangmu-gong
Duke of Cultivating the Military
SJK
yangnk
ribs
WD
yangny
commoner woman
WD
yangsihyp
both cheeks
WD
yangsubae
both backs of the hands
WD
yangsl
both knees
WD
yangsuwan
both wrists
WD
yangtaeyanghyl
both temples
WD
yangtoe
both thighs
WD
yangtoedu
both calves
WD
Yangi-gong
Duke of Cultivating Valor
SJK
yangyu
both breasts
WD
Yegi (C. Li-chi)
Book of Rites
VN
Yejo
Ministry of Rites
W
yejn
monetary contribution
SJK
Yemungwan
Office of Royal Decrees
W
Yijo
Ministry of Personnel
SJK
Yipan
minister of the Ministry of Personnel, Sr.2
SJK
yoan
waist
WD
Yjidos
Cultural Geography of Korea
VN
yojik
key positions
SJK
Ykkyng (C: Yi jing)
Book of Changes
VN
yks
copying
VN
yl
devotion
VN
yllyjn
biography of a chaste woman
WD
ymak
temporary mourning shed
VN
yong
courage
VN
yong sinang
folk belief in the dragon spirit
SJK
yngan
provincial yangban roster
SJK
Yngjang
chief commander
SJK
Yngmyngsa
Temple of Eternal Enlightenment
VN
Yngsa
director of the Royal House Administration Sr. 1
Yngsa
superintendent of the Office of the Special Counselors Sr. 1
Yngsa
superintendent of the Office of Royal Decrees Sr. 1
Yngsa
first minister of the Office of Ministers-without-Portfolio Sr. 1
Yngsa
director of the Office of the Royal Lectures Sr. 1
Yngijng
chief state councilor, Sr.1
SJK
Ynhaeng kynmullok
Things Seen and Heard during the Travel to China
VN
Ynhaengnok chnjip
Complete Collection of Travelogues to China
VN
Ysa nanjip
Collected Works on Miscellaneous Matters
WD
yuch chwich
having a second wife when a man already had a legal wife
VN
Yugijn
six licensed shops in the capital
SJK
yuhak
scholars in training or Confucian scholar
SJK
yuho
yangban households
SJK
yuhyng
punishment of banishment
WD
yuhyp
area between the breast and side (of the body)
WD
Yujinjang
chief commander
SJK
Yukcho
Six Ministries
Yukkun
the Army
WD
yukpm
six crimes
WD
yulsaeng
legal clerk
WD
yun
intercalary month
WD
yusa
Administrator (of a munjung)
Yus pilchi
Essential Knowledge for Scholar-Officials and Clerks
WD
Yusu
chief magistrate of Municipality
WD
Yusubu
Municipality
WD