your questoins! limiting factor vs. range of tolerance limiting factors are things that prevent a...
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Your Questoins!
Your Questoins!
Limiting Factor vs. Range of ToleranceLimiting Factor vs. Range of Tolerance
Limiting factors are things that prevent a population from growing any larger.
A macronutrientPredatorsLandRainfallProximity to others of the same speciesTemperatureSunlightpH Level
Range of Tolerance: the specific requirements for a population to live.
Example: Temperature, salinity, sunlight, pH
DDT and BioaccumulationDDT and Bioaccumulation(absorbed or (absorbed or
stored in organs)stored in organs) and and BiomagnificationBiomagnification (through a food chain)(through a food chain)
Fig. 11-4p. 231
Food web vs. Food chainFood web vs. Food chain
ENERGY PYRAMID ENERGY PYRAMID Energy is Energy is lostlost with each trophic with each trophic
~90% “lost”, is released to the environment as heat~90% “lost”, is released to the environment as heat ~10% of the energy is used~10% of the energy is used
Only about Only about 10% of the 10% of the
energy from energy from one level is one level is
passed on to passed on to the next levelthe next level
90%
90%
90%
10%
10%
10%
Ecosphere or BiosphereEcosphere or Biosphere All earth's ecosystemsAll earth's ecosystems
Ecosystem Ecosystem Community of different species Community of different species
interacting with one another and interacting with one another and with their nonliving environment with their nonliving environment of matter and energyof matter and energy
CommunityCommunity Complex interacting network of Complex interacting network of
plants, animals, and plants, animals, and microorganismsmicroorganisms
Habitat Habitat Place where a population or Place where a population or
individual organism naturally livesindividual organism naturally lives Genetic DiversityGenetic Diversity
Populations that are dynamic Populations that are dynamic groups that change in size, age groups that change in size, age distribution, density, and genetic distribution, density, and genetic composition as a result of composition as a result of changes in environmental changes in environmental conditionsconditions
PopulationPopulation Group of interacting individuals of Group of interacting individuals of
the same species that occupy a the same species that occupy a specific area at the same timespecific area at the same time
Systems – matter & energy flowSystems – matter & energy flow
• Open systemOpen system- - allows allows energy and energy and mass to pass across the system boundary.mass to pass across the system boundary.
• Closed system- allows energy but not mass across its system boundary.
BiomassBiomass Dry weight of all organic matter contained in Dry weight of all organic matter contained in
organisms.organisms. Biomass is measured in dry weight Biomass is measured in dry weight
Water is not source of energy or nutrient Water is not source of energy or nutrient Biomass of first trophic levels is dry mass of all Biomass of first trophic levels is dry mass of all
producersproducers Useable energy transferred as biomass varies from Useable energy transferred as biomass varies from
5%-20% (10% standard)5%-20% (10% standard)
Pyramid of BiomassPyramid of BiomassStorage of biomass at various trophic levels Storage of biomass at various trophic levels
of ecosystemof ecosystem
Pyramid of NumbersPyramid of Numbers
Number of organisms at each trophic levelNumber of organisms at each trophic level