year 9 practice exam questions q1. - laurencejackson.org

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Year 9 practice exam questions

Q1. This question is about atomic structure.

Figure 1 represents an atom of element Z.

Figure 1

(a) Name the parts of the atom labelled A and B.

Choose answers from the box.

electron neutron nucleus proton

A _________________________________________________________________

B _________________________________________________________________

(2)

(b) Which particle has the lowest mass?

Choose the answer from the box.

electron neutron nucleus proton

___________________________________________________________________

(1)

(c) Which group of the periodic table contains element Z?

Use Figure 1.

Group __________________________

(1)

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(d) Give the atomic number and the mass number of element Z.

Use Figure 1.

Choose answers from the box.

1 5 6 11 16

Atomic number __________________________

Mass number ___________________________

(2)

Bromine has two different types of atom.

The atoms have a different number of neutrons but the same number of protons.

(e) What is the name for this type of atom?

Tick (✓) one box.

Compound

Ion

Isotope

Molecule

(1)

(f) The different types of bromine atom can be represented as and

The relative atomic mass (Ar) of bromine is 80

Which statement is true about the number of each type of atom in bromine?

Tick (✓) one box.

There are fewer atoms than atoms.

There are more atoms than atoms.

There are the same number of atoms and atoms.

(1)

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(Total 8 marks)

Q2. Figure 1 shows an outline of the modern periodic table.

J, L, M, Q and R represent elements in the periodic table.

(a) Which element has four electrons in its outer shell?

Tick (✔) one box.

J

L

M

Q

R

(1)

(b) Which two elements in Figure 1 are in the same period?

_________________ and _________________

(1)

(c) Which element reacts with potassium to form an ionic compound?

Tick (✔) one box.

J

L

M

Q

R

(1)

(d) Which element forms ions with different charges?

Tick (✔) one box.

J

L

M

Q

R

(1)

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(e) Which element has three electron shells?

Tick (✔) one box.

J

L

M

Q

R

(1)

(f) In the 1860s scientists were trying to organise elements.

Figure 2 shows the table published by John Newlands in 1865.

The elements are arranged in order of their atomic weights.

Figure 2

H Li Be B C N O

F Na Mg Al Si P S

Cl K Ca Cr Ti Mn Fe

Co,Ni Cu Zn Y In As Se

Br Rb Sr Ce,La Zr Di,Mo Ro,Ru

Pd Ag Cd U Sn Sb Te

Figure 3 shows the periodic table published by Dmitri Mendeleev in 1869.

Figure 3

Mendeleev’s table became accepted by other scientists whereas Newlands’ table was not.

Evaluate Newlands’ and Mendeleev’s tables.

You should include:

• a comparison of the tables

• reasons why Mendeleev’s table was more acceptable.

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Use Figure 2 and Figure 3 and your own knowledge.

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(6)

(Total 11 marks)

Q3. The circulatory system is composed of the blood, blood vessels and the heart.

(a) Urea is transported in the blood plasma.

Name two other substances transported in the blood plasma.

1. _________________________________________________________________

2. _________________________________________________________________

(2)

(b) Some athletes train at high altitude.

Training at high altitude increases the number of red blood cells per cm3 of blood.

Explain why having more red blood cells per cm3 of blood is an advantage to an athlete.

___________________________________________________________________

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(3)

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(c) Which two blood vessels carry deoxygenated blood?

Tick two boxes.

Aorta

Coronary artery

Pulmonary artery

Pulmonary vein

Vena cava

(2)

Figure 1 shows the three types of blood vessel.

Figure 1

(d) Which type of blood vessel carries blood into the right atrium?

Tick one box.

(1)

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(e) Compare the structure of an artery with the structure of a vein.

___________________________________________________________________

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(3)

(f) Heart rate is controlled by a group of cells. This group of cells act as a pacemaker.

Figure 2 shows a section through the heart.

Draw an X on Figure 2 to show the position of the pacemaker.

Figure 2

(1)

(g) A patient may be fitted with an artificial pacemaker.

What condition may be treated using an artificial pacemaker?

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

(1)

(Total 13 marks)

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Q4. (a) (i) Blood is part of the circulatory system.

Draw one line from each part of the blood to its correct function.

Part of the blood Function

carry glucose around the body

White blood cells

carry oxygen around the body

Red blood cells

help the blood to clot

Platelets

destroy microorganisms

(3)

(ii) Name one waste product that is transported by the blood plasma.

______________________________________________________________

(1)

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(b) The heart is also part of the circulatory system.

Figure 1 shows a section through the human heart.

Figure 1

(i) Which arrow, A, B, C or D, shows blood leaving the heart in the pulmonary

artery to go to the lungs?

(1)

(ii) Which arrow, A, B, C or D, shows blood from the lungs entering the heart in

the pulmonary vein?

(1)

(iii) Valves in the circulatory system make sure blood only travels in one direction.

Name the type of blood vessel that has valves.

______________________________________________________________

(1)

(Total 7 marks)

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Q5. An athlete ran as fast as he could until he was exhausted.

(a) Figure 1 shows the concentrations of glucose and of lactic acid in the athlete’s blood at the start and at the end of the run.

(i) Lactic acid is made during anaerobic respiration.

What does anaerobic mean?

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

(1)

(ii) Give evidence from Figure 1 that the athlete respired anaerobically during the run.

______________________________________________________________

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(1)

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(b) Figure 2 shows the effect of running on the rate of blood flow through the athlete’s muscles.

(i) For how many minutes did the athlete run?

Time = ______________________ minutes

(1)

(ii) Describe what happens to the rate of blood flow through the athlete’s muscles during the run.

Use data from Figure 2 in your answer.

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

(2)

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(iii) Explain how the change in blood flow to the athlete’s muscles helps him to run.

______________________________________________________________

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(4)

(Total 9 marks)

Q6. The diagram below shows an electric kettle and the label on the bottom of the kettle.

The water at the bottom of the kettle will heat up first. This is because the heating element is near the bottom of the kettle. Convection currents will then cause the rest of the water in the kettle to be heated.

(i) What are convection currents?

___________________________________________________________________

(1)

(ii) Explain how convection currents are produced. (Your answer should refer to density and temperature.)

___________________________________________________________________

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___________________________________________________________________

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(4)

(Total 5 marks)

Q7. (a) The diagram shows an immersion heater used to heat water inside a tank. Heat is

transferred through the water by convection.

(i) Draw arrows on the diagram to show the movement of the water in the tank when the heating element is switched on.

(2)

(ii) Explain how a convection current is set up in the water. The explanation has been started for you.

When the heating element is switched on, the hot water nearest the element rises

because ______________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

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______________________________________________________________

(2)

(b) The diagram shows two ways to reduce heat loss through the walls of a house.

(i) How is the aluminium foil able to reduce heat loss?

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

(1)

(ii) The plastic foam is good at reducing heat loss through the walls. Explain why.

______________________________________________________________

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(3)

(c) Evaporation is an important heat transfer process. When sweat evaporates, it takes heat energy from your body. As humidity increases, you are more likely to feel hot and uncomfortable. Explain why.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

(2)

(Total 10 marks)

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Q8. Soluble salts are formed by reacting metal oxides with acids.

(a) Give one other type of substance that can react with an acid to form a soluble salt.

___________________________________________________________________

(1)

(b) Describe a method to make pure, dry crystals of magnesium sulfate from a metal oxide and a dilute acid.

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(6)

(Total 7 marks)

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Mark schemes

Q1. (a) A nucleus

1

B electron 1

(b) electron 1

(c) 3 / three 1

(d) (atomic number) 5 1

(mass number) 11 1

(e) isotope 1

(f) there are the same number of atoms and atoms 1

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Q2. (a) J

1

(b) M and Q

either order 1

(c) Q 1

(d) M 1

(e) L 1

(f) Level 3 (5-6 marks): A judgement, strongly linked and logically supported by a sufficient range of correct reasons, is given.

Level 2 (3-4 marks): Some logically linked reasons are given. There may also be a simple judgement.

Level 1 (1-2 marks): Relevant points are made. They are not logically linked.

Level 0

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No relevant content

Indicative content

comparative points • both tables have more than one element in a box • both have similar elements in the same column • both are missing the noble gases • both arranged elements in order of atomic weight

advantages of Mendeleev / disadvantages of Newlands • Newlands did not leave gaps for undiscovered elements • Newlands had many more dissimilar elements in a column • Mendeleev left gaps for undiscovered elements • Mendeleev changed the order of some elements (e.g. Te and I)

points which led to the acceptance of Mendeleev’s table • Mendeleev predicted properties of missing elements • elements with properties predicted by Mendeleev were discovered • Mendeleev’s predictions turned out to be correct • elements were discovered which fitted the gaps

6

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Q3. (a) any two from:

allow proteins / hormones / antibodies / vitamins / minerals / ions / fatty acids / glycerol

• carbon dioxide • water • glucose • amino acids

ignore sugar / enzymes / nutrients / waste • lactic acid

2

(b) more haemoglobin

max 2 marks if ‘more’ is not given 1

(therefore) more oxygen can be carried / transported 1

(for) more (aerobic) respiration of muscle (cells) or more energy released for muscle (cells)

allow less anaerobic respiration / lactic acid / oxygen debt / fatigue in muscle (cells) i.e. addition of ‘debt’

do not accept energy produced 1

(c) pulmonary artery 1

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vena cava 1

(d) B 1

(e) any three from:

• arteries have a thicker layer of muscle (tissue) or veins have a thinner layer of muscle (tissue)*

• arteries have a thicker layer of elastic tissue or veins have a thinner layer of elastic tissue*

*if neither marking points 1 or 2 awarded, allow arteries have a thick wall and veins have a thin wall or arteries have a thicker wall or veins have a thinner wall for 1 mark do not accept ‘cell wall’

• arteries have a narrower lumen or veins have a wider lumen allow descriptions of ‘lumen’

• arteries do not have valves and veins have valves allow only veins have valves

3

(f) allow an X drawn anywhere in grey shaded area below:

if a large X is drawn, award the mark if the intersection touches the grey area

if a label line is used, award marks if the end of the label line touches the grey area

allow label ‘pacemaker’

ignore label ‘right atrium’ 1

(g) an irregular heart beat

allow arrhythmia allow fibrillation

ignore heart failure

do not accept cardiovascular disease / heart murmur

1

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[13]

Q4. (a) (i)

one mark for each line

extra line negates a mark 3

(ii) any one from:

• carbon dioxide / CO2

• urea

do not allow urine

ignore water

ignore ions 1

(b) (i) B 1

(ii) D 1

(iii) vein

accept correct named

examples 1

[7]

Q5. (a) (i) without oxygen

allow not enough oxygen

ignore air

ignore production of CO2

ignore energy 1

(ii) more / high / increased lactic acid (at end)

allow approximate figures (to show increase)

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ignore reference to glucose 1

(b) (i) 1.5

allow only 1.5 / 1½ / one and a half 1

(ii) increases at first and levels off

ignore subsequent decrease 1

suitable use of numbers eg rises to 10 / by 9 (dm3 per min) or increases up to 1.5 (min) / levels off after 1.5 (min) (of x axis timescale)

allow answer in range 1.4 to 1.5 or after the first minute (of the run)

1

(iii) supplies (more) oxygen 1

supplies (more) glucose 1

need ‘more/faster’ once only for full marks

allow removes (more) CO2 / lactic acid / heat as an alternative for either marking point one or two, once only

for (more) respiration 1

releases (more) energy (for muscle contraction)

do not allow energy production or for respiration 1

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Q6. (i) currents of moving liquids/gases/fluids carrying/transferring energy

(can name fluid) 1

(ii) liquids/gases expand when their temperature rises/when they are heated

the density of the heated liquid/gas is then less than that of the colder liquid/gas which has not been heated

the warmer/less dense liquid/gas then rises through the colder/denser liquid/gas

the colder/denser liquid/gas falls to replace the liquid/gas which has risen, and in turn becomes heated

for 1 mark each 4

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Q7. (a) (i) convection current correctly shown

with arrows extending to above insulation label line

circulation must show water rising in the left half of the tank accept continuous or broken arrows must be at least one arrow up and one arrow down

allow 1 mark for correct diagram which does not extend high enough

2

(ii) it expands or it gets less dense

do not allow hot water rises

do not accept explanation in terms of molecules expanding or changing density

do not accept lighter or heavier 1

more dense water falls

allow cold water falls if qualified with a suitable reason 1

(b) (i) reflects heat back into the room or where it came from

accept infrared or radiation or energy for heat

accept bounce for reflect if in correct context 1

(ii) air is a (good) insulator or poor conductor or air stops conduction

do not accept plastic foam is a good insulator or bad conductor

1

air is trapped 1

convection loss reduced or stopped 1

(c) two out of the following three:

any answer which gains credit must contain a comparison

rate of evaporation decreases

accept less sweat can evaporate or evaporation is more difficult

less heat energy removed from the body

higher humidity the less water vapour can be absorbed (into the air)

accept sweat for water vapour

do not credit description of high humidity

accept a correct answer in terms of dynamic equilibrium 2

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Q8. (a) any one from:

• metal • (metal) hydroxide

allow ammonium hydroxide

• (metal) carbonate

allow ammonium carbonate

• alkali

allow soluble base allow ammonia

1

allow named example allow correct formula ignore base

(b) Level 3: The method would lead to the production of a valid outcome. All key steps are identified and logically sequenced.

5−6

Level 2: The method would not necessarily lead to a valid outcome. Most steps are identified, but the method is not fully logically sequenced.

3−4

Level 1: The method would not lead to a valid outcome. Some relevant steps are identified, but links are not made clear.

1−2

No relevant content 0

Indicative content

• use magnesium oxide and sulfuric acid • add sulfuric acid to a beaker • warm sulfuric acid • add magnesium oxide • stir • continue adding until magnesium oxide is in excess

• filter • using a filter paper and funnel • to remove excess magnesium oxide

• heat solution in an evaporating basin • to crystallisation point • leave to crystallise • pat dry with filter paper

credit may be given for diagrams

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year 9 practice exam questions q1. - laurencejackson.org

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