year 8 autumn term knowledge organisers - priory …...printed or spoken word – poem, news...
TRANSCRIPT
Year 8
Autumn Term
Knowledge Organisers
Student Name: Tutor Group:
Subject: Art Topic: World events
– in the news
Dates: Autumn
Term, Year 8
Additional Information:
N/A
Additional information can be found video the following websites and videos; Expressionism: https://www.tate.org.uk/art/art-terms/e/expressionism Wassily Kandinsky: https://www.tate.org.uk/art/artists/wassily-kandinsky-1382 Sonia Delaunay: https://www.tate.org.uk/whats-on/tate-modern/exhibition/ey-exhibition-sonia-delaunay/delaunay-introduction Orphism: https://www.tate.org.uk/art/art-terms/o/orphism
Essential Vocabulary
Composition The placement or arrangement of visual elements in a piece of artwork.
Weaving Weaving is a method that combines two sets of materials (paper, threads, fabrics, plastic etc) that are interlaced to form a patterned sheet.
Current events
Important events that are happening in the world that can be tracked in the news.
Pattern A structure that organises surfaces in an organised manner.
Colour psychology
The study of colours in reaction to human behaviour, How a colour makes you feel or changes your feelings or reactions to something.
Texture
The perceived surface quality of a work of art.
Narrative A movement which flourished in 1950’s. Based on modern popular culture.
Collage It came from a French word ‘to glue.’ The assembling of different forms, for example assemblage (a collection or gathering of things) of paper.
Social arts
· - People who use creative skills to and work with
people or organisations in their community to try and force a change in society.
· - Artists use their views on the work to influence their
work to explain their ideas to others through a visual format.
· - Social art can take on any art form from painting,
drawing, sculpture and collages. · - Arts can be used as a form of protest to inspire
others to make change.
Hannah Hoch - German, Photo montage artist · - Collaged photographs together; often the images
were unrelated. · - Often added popular images into her work. · - Part of a movement in art called ‘Dada.’ · - The Dada movement started after WW1 – it mocked
society’s attitudes. It made art that was not pleasing to the eye.
Ai Weiwei – Chinese, Conceptual artist · - His artwork highlights human right violations on a large
scale. - - Has been arrested in Hong Kong for mocking the local
government with his art.
Myriam Dion – Canadian mixed media artist · - Her work is inspired by and looks at world current
events. - Collages and waves newspapers to create a tapestry image. - Images are beautiful but have a deeper meaning when the work is analysed in more detail. - Tries to question society and how quickly news changes and is forgotten.
Myriam Dion
Hannah Hoch
Ai Wei Wei
Subject: Computing Topic: 8.1 Introduction to
Python
Dates: Autumn 1
Python Key Syntax:
FOR LOOP (Count Controlled)
To Draw a Square
WHILE LOOP (Condition Controlled)
To Draw a Spiral
Essential Vocabulary
Algorithm A sequence of step by step instructions to solve a problem or carry out a task.
Arithmetic Operator
+, -, /, *, ^. Used in mathematical expressions e.g. num1 + num2 = sum.
Constant A value that cannot be altered by the program during normal execution, i.e., the value is constant.
Decision Decisions lead to different paths through the program. These paths represent the result of making a choice.
For Loop Instruction to repeat a process a set number of times.
IDE
Integrated Development Environment: A software application that provides comprehensive facilities to computer programmers for software development. An IDE normally consists of a source code editor, build automation tools & a debugger.
If Statement True or False question used to make decisions.
Inefficiency Doing something in a manner which wastes effort.
Iteration Repetition of a process or part of a program.
Operator special symbols in Python that carry out arithmetic or logical computation.
Selection
One of the 3 basic programming constructs. Instructions which can evaluate a Boolean expression & then branch the code to one or more alternatives paths is branching / selection.
Sequence One of the 3 basic programming constructs. Instructions happening one after the other in order is sequence.
Syntax The rules of programming language.
Variable A value that can change, depending on conditions or on information passed to the program.
Variable Data assigned to a named object that can be changed during the program
Additional information can be found video the following websites and videos;
Teach Yourself Python: https://www.teachyourselfpython.com/
Python Language Main Site: https://www.python.org/
Variables etc: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AaLk_fEVCIY&list=PLCiOXwirraUAvkTPDWeeSqAKty3LAG37-
&index=46
3 Main Programming Constructs: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TuysZSLqh4M&t=13s
Subject: Drama Unit:
Devising
Darkwood Manor
Dates:
Autumn 1
Additional Information:
N/A
PHYSICAL SKILLS
VOCAL SKILLS
Essential Vocabulary and Key Skills
Suspension of
disbelief
A decision an actor or audience member makes to put aside their disbelief and accept the
premise as being real for the duration of the story for the sake of the acting or enjoyment.
Devising A rehearsal and performance method where the script or movement starts with the actors
ideas rather than from a script.
Improvisation The activity of making or doing something not planned beforehand.
Dramatic tension
A collection of sounds created by the actors themselves. A soundscape is used to create the
atmosphere of a scene through sound.
Mood and
atmosphere
The tone or feeling of a play or scene, often implied by the acting, the music, the setting, or
the lighting.
Climax The point of greatest intensity in a series or progression of events in a play or scene.
Environment
Either physically creating an environment for an audience or reacting to an environment in a
way that makes that environment clear to an audience.
Physical Theatre
A genre of drama where an actor uses their body to create atmosphere, mood or objects.
Levels Using different heights or levels onstage to create visual interest.
Communicating
ideas in rehearsal
Learning to communicate to share ideas in rehearsal.
A stimulus is anything that can give you ideas for your own performance:
Visual – Photograph, painting, artefact, video clip or sculpture.
Printed or spoken word – Poem, news article, story, script or novel.
Musical – Song, melody or instrumental piece.
Fact-based – Current, political or historical event.
Theme or issue-based – Conflict, relationships, justice or freedom.
Myths – Folklore or urban myth
Cultural – Traditions or festivals.
Movement
Communicating your character through the way you move.
Posture
Adapting your body to show your character.
Gesture
Using hand movements to aid your acting.
Facial expression
Using your face to show how your character feels.
Eye contact How you glance, stare or ignore the person you are acting with to create meaning.
Volume The level of sound created by your voice.
Accent Vocal choices based on where your character is from.
Pace How fast or slow you speak.
Timing Emphasising words using pauses or faster delivery.
Emotional range Use of pitch (high to low) and tone (emotion) to communicate feelings.
Subject: Drama Unit: Melodrama and
Silent Movies Dates:
Autumn 2
Additional Information:
N/A
VOCAL SKILLS
PHYSICAL SKILLS
Essential Vocabulary and Key Skills
Victorian Melodrama
A style and genre of theatre that originated in England in the Victorian era (1837 –
1901). A sensational dramatic piece with exaggerated characters and exciting events
intended to appeal to the emotions.
Silent Movies A film with no synchronized recorded sound (no dialogue). The silent-film era existed
from the mid 1890s to the late 1920s..
Talking Pictures A motion-picture film with sound effects and dialogue recorded on it. The Jazz Singer
was the film talking motion picture in 1927.
Exaggerated physicality
and emotions
Over the top body language and facial expressions to convey character and meaning.
Slap stick A style of humour involving exaggerated physical activity which is greater than normal
physical comedy.
Audience awareness An awareness in rehearsal and performance of where the audience who are watching
the performance are placed.
Status The importance or class of a character or group of characters compared to that of
another character or group of characters.
Atmospheric music Music that conveys the meaning of a scene in a film.
Placard / intertitle A piece of filmed, printed text edited into the film to convey character dialogue or
description.
Sepia/Black and White The colour of the film picture was either shades of brown / or black and white.
Melodrama characters The Victorian stage melodrama featured six stock characters: the hero, the villain, the
heroine, an aged parent, a sidekick and a servant of the aged parent. engaged in a
sensational plot featuring themes of love and murder.
Melodrama plot Melodrama normally featured the characters engaged in an exaggerated story featuring
themes of status, love and murder.
Volume The level of sound created by your voice.
Accent Vocal choices based on where your character is from.
Pace How fast or slow you speak.
Timing Emphasising words using pauses or faster delivery.
Emotional range Use of pitch (high to low) and tone (emotion) to communicate feelings.
Movement
Communicating your character through the way you move.
Posture
Adapting your body to show your character.
Gesture
Using hand movements to aid your acting.
Facial expression
Using your face to show how your character feels.
Eye contact How you glance, stare or ignore the person you are acting with to create meaning.
Additional information;
Charlie Chaplin, Harold Lloyd, Buster Keaton, Laurel and Hardy
Safety Last! 1923, Modern Times 1936, The General 1926, The Circus 1926
Subject: English Topic: Conflict Poetry Dates: Autumn 1 Additional Information: Year 8 Essential Vocabulary
Classism Prejudice against people belonging to a particular social class.
Discrimination The unjust or prejudicial treatment of different categories of people, especially on the
grounds of race, age, or sex.
Feminism Fighting for woman’s rights because of a belief that the sexes are equal.
Patriotism Displaying a patriotic attitude - having love for your country.
Prejudice Preconceived negative opinion that is not based on reason or actual experience and
causes you to discriminate.
Racism Prejudice or discrimination directed against someone of a different race based on the
belief that one's own race is superior.
Stereotype A widely held and often over simplified view of a group in society.
Terrorism The unlawful use of violence and intimidation, especially against normal civilian people
because of political ideas.
Essential Vocabulary: Language
Hyperbole Extreme exaggeration used to emphasise a feeling or idea.
Imagery
Language used by a poet to create visually descriptive phrases that create vivid images in the mind of
the reader.
Metaphor Compares one thing directly to another.
Onomatopoeia Using words that imitate the sound they denote.
Pathetic Fallacy Using colours, light or the weather to reflect a particular mood in a text.
Personification Giving an object human characteristics.
Present Participle
Verbs
A doing word or action in the present, usually ending in ‘ing’.
Pronoun A word that takes the place of a noun. Common pronouns are he, she, you, me, I, we, us, this, them,
that.
Repetition The repeated use of the same word or word pattern.
Rhetorical
Questions
Asking a question in a text designed to provoke the reader into considering the answer.
Semantic Field A group of words that are linked by meaning. These often create a theme in a poem.
Simile A figure of speech that compares two things indirectly using the words ‘like’ or ‘as’.
Essential Vocabulary: Poetic Terms
Alternate rhyme
Also known as the ABAB rhyme scheme
(E.g. in a four line poem, the first and third
lines will rhyme with each other and the
second and fourth lines will also rhyme
with each other).
Enjambment When a phrase, a clause, or a sentence in
a line of poetry doesn't finish at the line
break but spills over into the next line.
Free verse A poem that does not have a rhyme
scheme or a regular rhythm.
Rhyme Words that share the same sounds in two
or more lines of poetry (especially final
sounds).
Rhyming couplet
AABB (a pair of lines in a poem that
rhyme with each other and often have the
same rhythm).
Sonnet A poem that has 14 lines and each line has
10 syllables. It has a very specific rhyme
scheme, usually ending in a rhyming
couplet (e.g. abab–cdcd–efef–gg).
Speaker The person speaking in the poem, like the
narrator; it is not always the poet.
Stanza A fixed number of lines of verse; a
paragraph in a poem
Tone The poet’s feelings or attitude in a poem
Essential Vocabulary: Persuasive Devices
Alliteration The occurrence of the same letter or sound
at the beginning of adjacent or closely
connected words.
Direct Address
Using names or pronouns to clearly address
the reader.
Emotive
Language
Deliberately select words to influence your
reader into having an emotional response or
reaction.
Hyperbole
Extreme exaggeration used to emphasise a
feeling or idea.
Language Feature
The specific linguistic choices a writer has
made e.g. a Metaphor
List of three Using a trio of ideas in a list
Metaphor Compares one thing directly to another.
Opinions
presented as facts
Saying something with conviction as if there is
no doubt about its legitimacy.
Pronoun A word that takes the place of a noun.
Common pronouns are he, she, you, me, I,
we, us, this, them, that.
Repetition The repeated use of the same word or word
pattern.
Simile A figure of speech that compares two things
indirectly using the words ‘like’ or ‘as’.
Statistics Using numerical evidence to support your
claims
Superlative A word which suggest the highest quality of
degree e.g. largest/ greatest
Subject: English Topic: Blood Brothers Dates: Autumn 2 Additional Information:
Year 8
Essential Vocabulary: Dramatic Terms
Act Part of a play. A tragedy has five acts. Each act in a play is made up of
individual scenes.
Aside When a character’s says something to the audience which is not heard
by the other characters on stage.
Audience The people who watch the performance or who the play is aimed at.
Dramatic irony The audience knows something that is going on in a situation but the
characters are unaware of what is happening.
Foreshadowing Hints about what is to come later in the text.
Narrator The character in a play who communicates directly with the audience
to help to tell them the story.
Prologue An introduction section. In a tragedy it tells us the ending.
Scene A small section or portion of a play.
Script The written dialogue, description, and directions provided by the
playwright.
Stage directions Instructions in the script that tell the actors what to do and where to
move on stage. It can also provide information about the setting.
Tragedy Is a genre of literature where the main character faces terrible events.
Characters
Mrs Lyons
Mrs Johnstone
Edward
Mickey
Linda
Sammy
Mr Johnstone
Key Themes
Betrayal
Education
Fate
Love
Poverty
Nature vs Nurture
Superstition
Youth
Key context
Council
Housing
Council houses are owned by the Council and available to low-income families at a low rent; they were the
homes of many working class people in the 1950s and 1960s. Older Council house were terraced houses
which were cramped and lacked inside toilets and bathrooms. They did not have central heating and were
heated mostly by coal fires. Their inner city locations were often dirty and there was nowhere for children to
play as they rarely had gardens. Newer Council houses were built on the outskirts of towns to provide better
living conditions.
Hire Purchase The only way the poor could obtain consumer goods was through hire purchase agreements. In post war
Britain Hire Purchase was booming; customers chose products from a catalogue and paid for them in weekly
instalments, usually paying far more than the actual price of the item.
Marilyn
Monroe
The actress and film star embodied the idea of glamour but died of a drug overdose in 1963. The references to
the romance and glamour of Hollywood and the reality behind it, create a comparison between Mrs
Johnstone’s romanticised hopes of a Hollywood ending and the reality that she must face.
Skelmersdale Skelmersdale was a new town and many working-class Liverpool residents were rehoused there in the 1960s.
Middle-class families also lived in Skelmersdale, in houses they owned themselves.
Social class
and inequality
During the 1980s there was a very high rate of unemployment, particularly in industrial working-class areas,
such as Liverpool. Unemployment would have made many people feel insignificant and turn to crime. The
difference between the lifestyle of a working-class family and a middle-class family was even more notable due
to the unemployment rates and the increased crime rates.
Thatcher Margaret Thatcher was Prime Minister during the 1980s. Under her leadership, the Conservative party
reduced the power of the trade unions in the hope of making British industry more competitive. This affected
cities that relied on their manufacturing industries, including Liverpool, where the play is set. This resulted in a
huge rise of unemployment, which led to a significant impact on the lives of people who lived there.
Trade Union
Before the Thatcher Government, the unions were more powerful and would go on strike if an employer tried
to make any of their members redundant. A Trade Union protects the rights of the workers who belong to it.
Essential Vocabulary: Persuasive Devices
Direct Address Using names or pronouns to clearly address the reader.
Emotive Language Deliberately select words to influence your reader into having an
emotional response or reaction.
Hyperbole
Extreme exaggeration used to emphasise a feeling or idea.
List of three Using a trio of ideas in a list
Repetition The repeated use of the same word or word pattern.
Statistics Using numerical evidence to support your claims
Essential Vocabulary: Social Class
Middle class
Individuals engaged in non-manual work, often having higher levels of
educational achievement.
Upper class The richest people in society whose wealth is inherited and based on
landowning. They usually own and control a disproportionate amount
of the country’s wealth.
Working Class
Individuals engaged in manual work, often having lower levels of
educational achievement.
Subject: FOOD Topic: Eating well Year 8 Rotation
Macro-nutrients - we need these in larger amounts Why do we need them (Function) Where do we get them (Sources)
Protein Growth and repair of all body cells Meats, eggs, tofu, nuts, pulses, vegetarian alternatives eg. Quorn
Fat Energy, insulation
Oils, spreads, butter, cream.
Carbohydrates
Starches
Sugars
Energy and NSP/dietary fibre Cereals, bread, pasta, rice, potatoes. Wholegrain versions are higher in dietary fibre. Sugar, sweets, cakes, biscuits.
Micro-nutrients – we need very small amounts of these Vitamins Vitamins A, B, C, D
Eat a wide range of different foods
Minerals Iron Calcium
Red meat, dark green vegetables. Milk, cheese, tofu.
Some people have to be very careful about what they eat…
Some people choose to get the nutrients from specific sources due to their ethical and/or religious views…
Raising agents in action Gas bubbles trapped in a mixture expand with heat. The mixture sets around them making a spongy risen texture.
Gelatinisation: Starch +liquid + heat = thickening. At 60c the starch swells, at 80c it bursts and thickens the liquid. Once the liquid boils the sauce is as thick as it is going to be.
Extra information from NHS direct which has an excellent section on foods and health.
https://www.nhs.uk/live-well/eat-well/
Essential Vocabulary
Nutrients The chemicals in food that our body needs to stay healthy.
Allergy When something provokes an immune system reaction.
Intolerance When you have difficulty digesting something.
Ethics The moral beliefs that affect the choices you make.
Subject: French Topic: Media Dates: Autumn
term
Additional Information: n/a
Additional information can be found at;
Vocabulary https://decks.memrise.com/course/1591340/priorymfl-year-8-french/ (Relevant levels: 1-7)
Essential Vocabulary
Noun An object, place or person
Adjective A word to describe a noun
Verb An action, state or occurrence
Infinitive The basic form of a verb (to…)
Conjugation Changing the infinitive according
to subject (I, you, he/she, we,…)
Irregular
verb
A verb that does not follow the
normal conjugation pattern.
Subject: French Topic: Paris Dates: Autumn
term
Additional Information: n/a
Additional information can be found at;
Vocabulary https://decks.memrise.com/course/1591340/priorymfl-year-8-french/ (Relevant levels: 8-15)
Essential Vocabulary
Infinitive The basic form of a verb (to…)
Past
participle
Verb form used in forming the
past tense (-ed in English)
Irregular past
participle
Does not follow the pattern used
to create a past participle
Perfect tense Past tense, indicating a completed
or ‘perfected’ action or condition
Subject: Geography Topic: Fieldwork Dates: Autumn 1 Year 8
Additional Information:
Geographical Fieldwork: Practical work
conducted by a researcher in the natural
environment.
Sampling Technique Positives Negatives
Random Sampling - Can be used with large sample populations - Avoids bias
- Can lead to poor representation - There may be practical constraints in terms of time
Systematic Sampling
- A good coverage of the study area - It is more straight-forward than random sampling
- It is more biased - It may therefore lead to over or under representation
Stratified Sampling
- It can generate results which are very representative of the whole population - Correlations and comparisons can be made between sub-groups
- The size of the sub-groups must be known accurately if it is to work properly - Depending on the time of day certain groups of people may not be present
Data Manipulation:
- 'Percent' means 'out of 100'. If 90
per cent of the population owns a mobile
phone, this means 90 out of every 100
people have one. The symbol '%' means per
cent
- The range is the difference between
the highest and lowest numbers
- The mean is the most common
measure of average. If you ask someone to
find the average, this is the method they are
likely to use
Additional information can be found at; www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p03qqqlk
Essential Vocabulary
Hypothesis The statement you need to prove correct or incorrect
Methodology How you’re going to prove the statement correct or incorrect
Data Collection
Going to collect the information you need to prove statement correct or incorrect
Data Presentation
Showing the data you collected in graphs or tables
Analysis Describe and explain what your data is showing you
Conclusion Use all your evidence to say if the hypothesis is correct or incorrect
Evaluation How would you improve your fieldwork
Data can either be:
Primary - information that you collect yourself, eg tallies,
measurements and photographs
Secondary - information that someone else has previously
collected and made available, eg on the internet
Quantitative data usually consists of factual information
that can be counted and used in fieldwork.
Qualitative data is more opinion-based, but is still useful
for geographical investigations
Subject: Geography Topic: Development Dates: Autumn 2, Year 8
Additional Information: N/A
Essential Vocabulary
Development Means people reaching an acceptable standard of living or quality of life
Demographic Transition Model (DTM)
A model shows changes over time in the population of a country
Population Pyramid
A type of a graph which shows the percentage, or number, of males and females in each group
GDP (Gross Domestic Product)
The total value of goods and services produced by a country in a year
GNP (Gross National Product)
Measures the total economic output of a country, including earnings from foreign investments
Gross National Income (GNI) per capita
Gross national income per person. The value of a country's income, divided by the number of people in that country
Life expectancy
The average number of years a person is expected to live in a particular place
Human development Index (HDI)
A composite indicator that made up which is made up of a number of three elements (GNI per capita, life expectancy and education) to measure development
Inequality The difference in circumstances (the lack of equality)
Infant mortality rate
The number of children who die before the age of one
Literacy rate Percentage of people who can read and write
Additional information can be found video the following websites and videos; Dollar Street: www.gapminder.org/dollar-street , Gapminder: www.gapminder.org/tools World Bank: http://databank.worldbank.org/data/ , CIA : https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/index.html , http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-41730606 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HEB4tvIRTXo
Causes & consequences of uneven development
Physical, economic and historical causes of
uneven development with examples: e.g. Extreme
weather and unlocked countries in Africa as
physical cause, world trade is dominated by
wealthier countries as economic cause,
colonialism as historical cause
Inequalities of wealth & health and international
migration as a consequences of uneven
development
Helping in reducing the development gap
Investment in industry and tourism: for example
hotels creates jobs for local people
International aid: developed countries and NGOs
help LIC or NEE countries by donating money to
the LICs
Fair trade: is about obtaining better prices, working
conditions and fair term for trade for farmers and
workers in LICs
Debt relief: means help LICs and NEE countries to
reduce the debt that they borrowed from the world
bank to improve their life standards
The Demographic Transition Model (DTM)
DTM to show changes of population of a country
over the time
The link between DTM and level of development in
a country
Changing population structures (population
pyramids) and link this to different stages of DTM
Case study: Nigeria
Nigeria is in Africa on the coast and neighbours
Benin, Niger, Chad and Cameroon
Nigeria’s global importance – 2014 Nigeria was
the worlds 21st largest economy, politically Nigeria
has a significant roll. Nigeria is a newly emerging
economy
International aid – Development projects,
education, healthcare
Nigeria has environmental issues because of
urban growth, industrial growth, commercial
farming and deforestation, Mining and oil
extraction
Measuring development
Economic and social indicators of development:
such as Gross National Income (GNI) per capita,
GDP, GNP as economic indicators and life
expectancy, infant mortality, death rate and literacy
rate
Limitations of economic and social measures
Subject: German Topic: Shopping and
Food
Dates: Autumn
Term
Additional Information: n/a
Additional information can be found at;
Vocabulary https://decks.memrise.com/course/1568147/priorymfl-8-german/ (Relevant levels: 5-10)
Essential Vocabulary
Article ‘The’ (definite) – ‘A/An’ (indefinite)
Preposition A word defining the location of
something/someone
Accusative
case
Used for the direct object of a
sentence (person / thing)
Dative case Used for the indirect object of a
sentence (person / thing)
Perfect
tense
Past tense, indicating a completed
or ‘perfected’ action or condition
Past
Participle
Verb form used in forming the
past/passive tenses (-ed in English)
Subject: History Topic: Industrial
Revolution One
Dates: Spring
Year 8
Additional Information:
Essential Vocabulary
Industrial
Revolution
1750 – 1900 A time of rapid change
in technology and productivity
Public
Health
Protecting the safety and improving
the health of communities through
education, policy-making and
research for disease and injury
prevention. Cholera An infectious disease that causes
severe watery diarrhoea, which can
lead to dehydration and even death
if untreated. Arkwright Sir Richard Arkwright was an
English inventor and a leading
entrepreneur during the early
Industrial Revolution. Factories Factories grew during The Industrial
Revolution. Inventions with speed
and precision were built throughout
the industrial revolution, which led
to the rise of the factories. Child
Labour Child labour was a common feature
in industrial societies. Children as
young as four years old were often
employed in the factories and mines
that developed during the time.
Additional information can be found at;
BBC Bitesize: https://www.bbc.com/bitesize/guides/zvmv4wx/revision/9
The growth of towns:
In 1750, only about 15 per cent of the
population lived in towns. By 1900 it was 85
per cent. This meant that there were far more
people around to work in new industries but
also caused problems because many more
people needed food and homes. This meant
that poverty was increasing.
By 1900, London had 4.5 million inhabitants.
The biggest other towns were Glasgow with 760,000 inhabitants and Liverpool with
685,000. Manchester and Birmingham had
more than half a million people each. Much of
the population had moved from the South-East
to the industrialised coalfield areas in the
North and the Midlands.
Inventions and innovations
James Hargreaves' Spinning Jenny (1764) and
later Richard Arkwright's Water Frame (1769),
Samuel Crompton's Mule (1779) were spinning
machines that all improved upon the quality and
quantity of spun yarn.
Large purpose-built factories were a new idea, e.g.
Arkwright's Mill at Cromford, full of machines.
1837 - Samuel Morse invented the telegraph.
1837 - Rowland Hill invented the postage stamp.
1839 - Kirkpatrick Macmillan invented the bicycle.
1843 - Isambard Kingdom Brunel built the Great
Britain steamship (using screw propellers).
1876 - Alexander Graham Bell patented the telephone.
1885 - Karl Benz invented the motor car.
The 1800s was a time of 'Industrial
Revolution'. The main changes were:
by 1914, England had become a great trading
nation with a worldwide empire, which
covered a fifth of the globe
a 260 per cent growth in population
a change from agriculture to industry
a move from domestic industry to factory
work
a move from water and wind power to
steam engines
a revolution in transport and
communications, from canals and pack
horses, to railways and the telegraph
Subject: History Topic: Industrial
Revolution Two
Dates: Autumn
Year 8
Additional Information:
Essential Vocabulary
Industrial Revolution
1750 – 1900 A time of rapid change in technology and productivity.
Assassination To murder (usually prominent person) by sudden or secret attack often for political reasons.
Social Change
Changes that affect the lives of people.
Political Change
Changes that affect the government or how the country is run.
Economic Change
Changes that affect the money of a country.
Locomotive The front part of a train that contains the engine.
Missionary A religious person that goes to a different area to help the population.
Additional information can be found at;
BBC Bitesize: https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/zvmv4wx/revision/1
Postage stamp
In 1840 a man called Rowland Hill invented the
first adhesive stamp which was named the Penny
Black. His invention changed the world. Stamps
changed economics, politics and society in the
UK and the world. New transport links were
created to move the letters around the country
and people were able to stay in touch with friends
and family more easily.
Queen Victoria
Victoria was born at Kensington Palace,
London, on 24 May 1819. She was the only
daughter of Edward, Duke of Kent, and the
fourth son of George III. Queen Victoria is
associated with Britain's great age of industrial
expansion, economic progress and the growth
of the British Empire. At the time of her death,
it was said, Britain had a worldwide empire on
which the ‘sun never set’.
Assassination attempts
Queen Victoria was almost assassinated on
multiple occasions. Some of these assassins
were angry at Queen Victoria or wanted money.
Some assassins’ motivations remain unclear.
Victorian Portsmouth
Portsea Island, and the surrounding areas, have
been used for thousands of years by different
groups of people. In the 18th Century
Portsmouth was limited to the South West
corner of the island but by the 19th Century it
had spread across to all areas. By the 1790s the
Landport area was beginning to be developed
and by 1871, had a population of 100,000. In
1809, new suburbs were being built whoch
would later become known as Southsea.
The Navy still played an important part, with
sailors being convicted of many crimes.
Portsmouth was a dirty and unhealthy city and
some missionaries were sent to ‘save’ the city.
Subject: Maths Topic: Number 2 & Algebra 3 Dates: Autumn
Term
Additional Information:
See Below
Essential Vocabulary
Rounding Making a number simpler but
keeping its value close to what it
was.
Square number the product of a number
multiplied by itself, e.g. 1, 4,
9, 16
Standard form
A way of writing down very large
or very small numbers easily
Cube number A number that is the product
of three numbers which are
the same
Sequence A list of numbers or objects in
a special order.
Term A number in a sequence OR a
‘lump’ of maths, separated by
+ or - symbols
Functions A special relationship where
each input has a single
output.
Linear sequence A number pattern which
changes by the same amount
each time
Quadratic sequence The difference between each
term increases, or decreases,
at a constant rate.
Additional information can be found at;
http://vle.mathswatch.co.uk
Subject: Music Unit: A Trip To The
Movies
Dates: Autumn 1
and Autumn 2
Additional Information:
Exploring the world of
music in film. Essential Vocabulary
Main theme The main piece of music to introduce, and normally associated with the film
Score The entirety of the music across the entire film
O.S.T. Official Soundtrack – often released separately as its own album
Leitmotif A piece of music that specifically reflects a character’s mood, nature and personality
Ostinato A repeated pattern of notes that provides a sense of movement
Drone A long low-pitched note that provides a sense of size, import and drama
Motif A short piece of recognisable music
Idiomatic The way music can successfully reflect time, place and mood in film
‘Mickey-Mousing’ A technique used in cartoon where music closely synchronises and matches the on-
screen action.
Sound Effects An aspect of film sound that is completely separate from the music
Diegetic Sound Sound in a film that both audience and characters can hear
Non-Diegetic Sound Sound in a film that only the audience can hear.
Tonality The mood of the film can be reflected in a major or minor key
Essential Vocabulary
Reggae A style of music originally formed in Jamaica and had a global impact on music
Mento An ‘ingredient’ of Reggae – Jamaican folk music
Ska An ‘ingredient’ of Reggae – faster Jamaican pop music, influenced by US
rhythm’n’blues, picked up in radio signals
Rastafarianism An ‘ingredient’ of Reggae – A Jamaican religion, with roots in slavery and
African ancestry
Maroons Escaped African slaves in Jamaica who formed the Rastafarian religion
Master repeater drumming A form of worship practiced by Rastafarians, involved long sessions of
repetitive drumming, usually led by a master drummer
Sound system Large, often moving speaker systems, in competition to play the loudest and
latest Jamaican music
Two-tone A British explosion of Reggae and Ska, influenced by influx of Carribean
culture due to immigration
Dub Reggae A form of reggae where creative studio effects were used.
Off-beat / syncopation / skanking The rhythmic essence of Reggae, played inbetween the main beats of the bar
One-drop A rhythmic aspect of Reggae, where the first beat of the bar is missed
Bass line The low pitch aspect of Reggae, played by bass guitar and feature of Dub
Reggae
Delay A studio technique used in Dub Reggae to create rich, echoing effects.
Additional information;
All pupils are encouraged to explore Reggae artists such as: Bob Marley, Desmond Dekker, Toots and the Maytals,
The Abyssinians, Prince Far I, King Tubby and Lee ‘Scratch’ Perry, plus British artists such as The Selector,
Madness and The Specials.
Subject: Music Unit: Reggae
Dates: Autumn 2
and Spring 1
Additional Information:
Looking at the global
sensation of this popular
Jamaican music form
Additional information;
All pupils are encouraged to keep their ears open when watching films and TV, and listen out for and share
examples of these key phrases in action.
Subject: PSCRE Topic: Human Rights Dates: Autumn
Term Year 8
Additional Information:
Autumn 1
Essential Vocabulary
Human
Rights Basic rights and freedoms all humans are entitles to. Since WWII these have been written into a large number of international charters.
Equality Treating every person the same – regardless of their age, gender, sexuality, race, nationality, disability.
Civil
Liberties Rights and freedoms that protect and individual citizen from the state. Civil liberties set limits on what a government can do so it cannot abuse its powers or interfere too much in the lives of private citizens.
Additional information can be found at:
https://www.unicef.org.uk/what-we-do/un-convention-child-rights/ https://www.un.org/en/ https://www.amnesty.org.uk/what-is-the-european-convention-on-human-rights
Universal Declaration of Human Rights
(UDHR) (1948)
Set out, for the first time, basic human rights to be universally protected e.g. rights everyone in the world is entitled to and rights that should be protected worldwide. There are 30 ‘articles’ – each states a right every human is entitled to e.g. the right to life, the right to a fair trial, the right to an education etc.
Human Rights Act (1998) - a UK law passed in 1998. It means that you can defend your rights in the UK courts and that public organisations (including the Government, the Police and local councils) must treat everyone equally, with fairness, dignity and respect.
3 main effects of this ACT:
1. It means the rights set out in the European
Convention on Human Rights are part of the law
in the UK, so if your human rights are broken
you can take your case to a British court rather
than having to go to the European Court of
Human Rights (ECHR) in Strasbourg, France. 2. It requires all public bodies (courts, police, state
schools, hospitals, and local councils) to respect
and protect your human rights. 3. Parliament will try and make sure new laws are
compatible (matched) with the rights set out in
the European Convention on Human Rights.
European Convention on Human Rights (1950): an agreement that was written in 1950. Each of the numbered “articles” protects a basic human right. They allow people to lead free lives. 47 states, including the UK, have signed up. That means that the UK commits to protecting the Convention rights. If a person’s rights are being breached, and they can’t get a solution in the UK under the Human Rights Act, the Convention lets them take their case to the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR). Note: the ECHR is not part of the European Union (EU) – so even if we left the EU we would still be covered by ECHR decisions.
UN Convention on the Rights of the Child (1990) 54 articles that cover all aspects of a child’s life and set out the civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights that all children everywhere are entitled to in order to survive, grow, participate and reach their potential. For example, the right to a childhood, the right to an education etc.
Magna Carta
Known as the Great Charter, signed by King John in 1215. This was the first time basic legal rights were developed:
• The right to a fair trial • The use of juries • Not being arrested without reason
Subject: PSCRE Topic: Human Rights Dates: Autumn
Term Year 8
Additional Information:
Autumn 2
Essential Vocabulary
Child Soldier Child soldiers are children (individuals under the age of 18) who are used for any military purpose. Some are in their late teens, while others may be as young as four. They are not only boys – many are girls.
Blood
Diamond Blood diamonds is a term used for a diamond mined in a war zone and sold to finance an insurgency, an invading army's war efforts, or a warlord's activity.
Child Labour Work that deprives children of their childhood, their potential and their dignity, and that is harmful to physical and mental development. It refers to work that: is mentally, physically, socially or morally dangerous and harmful to children; and interferes with their schooling by: depriving them of the opportunity to attend school.
Death
Penalty Capital punishment, also known as the death penalty, is a government-sanctioned practice whereby a person is killed by the state as a punishment for a crime.
Child Labour
152 million children worldwide are victims of child
labour; 88 million are boys and 64 million are girls.
8 percent of all victims of child labour are aged
5-11 years.
Almost half of child labour victims (73 million)
work in hazardous child labour; more than one-
quarter of all hazardous child labour is done by
children less than 12 years old (19 million).
Almost half of child workers are in Africa (72.1
million); 41 percent (62.1 million) are in Asia and
the Pacific.
1 percent of child labour takes place in
agriculture, which includes fishing, forestry,
livestock herding and aquaculture.
19 percent of child labour victims live in low
income countries; 2 million victims live in high-
income countries.
Children forced by their household
circumstances or other factors to leave school
prior to their fifteenth birthday are less likely to
ever find jobs and those who do find jobs take
much longer to do so.
Additional information can be found at:
http://www.warchild.org/
https://data.unicef.org/topic/child-protection/child-labour/
Subject: Spanish Topic: People Dates: Autumn
term
Additional Information: n/a
Additional information can be found at;
Vocabulary https://decks.memrise.com/course/1538953/priorymfl-8-spanish// (Relevant levels: 1-6)
Essential Vocabulary
Verb An action, state or occurrence
Conjugation Changing the infinitive according
to subject (I, you, he/she, we,…)
Irregular
verb
A verb that does not follow the
normal conjugation pattern.
Comparative A structure used to compare two
things/people/etc. with each other
Gender Word gender of a noun
(masculine/feminine)
Reflexive
verb
A verb used with a pronoun (me,
te, se …)
Subject: Spanish Topic: Town Dates: Autumn
term
Additional Information: n/a
Additional information can be found at;
Vocabulary https://decks.memrise.com/course/1538953/priorymfl-8-spanish/ (Relevant levels: 7-12)
Essential Vocabulary
Infinitive The basic form of a verb (to…)
Possessive
adjectives
Adjectives that show who
something belongs to (my, your..)
Near future
tense
Used to say what you are going
to do