yang, c., xu, b., ma, h., huang, d., & na, j. (2016). intelligent ... · yang, c., xu, b., ma,...

Yang, C., Xu, B., Ma, H., Huang, D., & Na, J. (2016). Intelligent Control inDiscrete Time for Autonomous Systems. Discrete Dynamics in Nature andSociety, 2016, [6489715]. DOI: 10.1155/2016/6489715

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EditorialIntelligent Control in Discrete Time for Autonomous Systems

Chenguang Yang,1 Bin Xu,2 Hongbin Ma,3 Deqing Huang,4 and Jing Na5

1Zienkiewicz Centre for Computational Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea SA1 8EN, UK2School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China3School of Automation, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China4School of Electrical Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China5Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TR, UK

Correspondence should be addressed to Chenguang Yang; [email protected]

Received 17 May 2016; Accepted 17 May 2016

Copyright © 2016 Chenguang Yang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons AttributionLicense, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properlycited.

The application of automatic systems is playing an increas-ingly important role in ourmodern society. Controllers as thesoul of the autonomous systems are typically implementedby digital computers nowadays. In digital implementation,measurements are made and control actions are taken atdiscrete-time instants. In addition to digitalization, intelli-gence is another trend for modern control design, becausethe next generation of autonomous systems are required toperform tasks with smart and flexible strategic decisions. Inthis special issue, we bring together a number of works underthe topic of autonomous discrete-time systems with intelli-gent controller. The contributors have investigated variousapplications of a wide range of autonomous systems, suchas hypersonic missiles, robots, and underwater devices, andhave also performed fundamental theoretical studies.

In the field of robotics, P. Liang et al. proposed an aug-mented approach for robot to understand human motionbehaviours based on human kinematics and human posturalimpedance adaptation. A geometry vector approach wasemployed to extract human arm pose for stiffness transfor-mation from Cartesian space to joint space. In another work,P. Liang et al. studied human limb stiffness estimation basedon muscle electromyography (EMG) signals and applied theextracted limb stiffness onto control of a robot arm. Effec-tiveness has been tested and verified through disturbancerejection experiment. G.Huo et al. presented a PWMN-basedscan matching approach for robot posture estimation, andit results in a faster convergence rate and shorter runtime

with large moving steps and performs better for differentfootprints series, in comparison to PSM and Mb-ICP.

The problem of guidance and control of missile systemshas attracted a large number of researchers in control andautomation communities for decades. In this special issue,R. Sun and C. Ming presented a novel coning motion basedguidance method for the missile’s velocity control system.They used nonlinear programming method to present veloc-ity profile and applied the dynamic inversion theory todesign the velocity control system parameters. W. Fu et al.applied the slidingmode control (SMC)method and adaptiveneural network (NN) technique to design controller forhypersonic missile. The flight path angle was used as theguidance command and the NN is used to approximate theuncertainty. Y. H. Fan et al. used discrete variable structurecontrol (DVSC) with sliding vector to solve the controlproblem in the velocity and acceleration command trackingfor a hypersonic cruise missile where the unknown dynamicsand parameter disturbance were considered to improve thetracking performance.

Underwater vehicles and devices are playing importantroles in deep sea exploration. Z. Mao and S. Yan focused onthe problem of heat dissipation characteristics of the lithiumbattery inside autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs).Based on the energy conservation equation, they have devel-oped a model for the heat transfer process to analyse itscharacteristics. Y. Gou andW. Qi studied the positioning andtracking of underwatermoving target by double-station array

Hindawi Publishing CorporationDiscrete Dynamics in Nature and SocietyVolume 2016, Article ID 6489715, 2 pageshttp://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/6489715

2 Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society

buoy, and unscented Kalman filter (UKF) theory was usedto analyse the performance of the experiments. Y. Yu et al.made an effort to solve the control packets collision problemthat exists widely inmultichannelMACprotocol underwater,and soft time frequency masking was used to deal with thecontrol packets collision. D. Teng andN. Zhu investigated theimprovement of the performance of underwater transducerin its operating frequency, bandwidth, and miniaturization.They have developed a novel hybrid transducer based on thetheory of coupled multimode vibrations and the method ofFEM.

Various other applications have been reported in thisspecial issue. L. Yu et al. proposed a faster and efficientlearning scheme which originates from the thoughts of socialorganization, and the idea was formulated as methods forhypersonic flight control. Z. Mao et al. studied the powergeneration control system for a new drag-type vertical axisturbine with several retractable blades. L. Zhang and Y.Lyu presented distributed consensus filtering for a classof large-scale distributed systems with unknown boundaryconditions. L. Song et al. adopted the𝐻∞ filter in the transferalignment (TA) scheme, which was then used for the initialalignment of Inertial Navigation System (INS) on dynamicalbase. Q. Huang et al. simulated the wettability of hydrophobicsurfaces and the dynamic behaviours of droplets impactingthe hydrophobic surfaces.

The practical applications of automatic systems designedin discrete time are underpinned by the theoretical advancesin the relevant topics. In this special issue, Y. Jiang et al.presented a thorough literature review on neural networksand fuzzy logic based control design technique developed indiscrete time and their applications. B. Wu et al. worked onthe control problem of the uncertain discrete-time-delay sys-temswith disturbance and nonlinearity.They have designed abounded controller based on state estimator and disturbanceobserver. K. Wang et al. introduced the idea of multiplemodels into adaptive dynamic programming (ADP), suchthat the consequent controller is able to deal with jumpingparameters and to improve the transient response. X. Chenet al. focused on graph theory and presented a new theoremthat if 𝐺 is a 𝑘-connected (𝑘 ≥ 2) almost claw-free graphof order 𝑛, then 𝐺 contains a spanning 3-ended tree. H. Sunet al. developed a novel composite adaptive antidisturbancecontroller for a class of discrete-time switched systems, suchthat good antidisturbance performance can be achieved.

The selected papers in the special issue could not coverall the recent advances of discrete-time intelligent systems,yet they present the state-of-the-art progress in this area.We hope these valuable papers may enrich knowledge in thediscrete-time control community andprovide guidance to thereaders who are interested in this topic.

Acknowledgments

The guest editors would like to mention their appreciationto both the authors and the reviewers for their contributiontowards the success of this special issue. The support by

the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council(EPSRC) under Grant EP/L026856/2 is also appreciated.

Chenguang YangBin Xu

Hongbin MaDeqing Huang

Jing Na

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