developing an emotion corpus sophia lee, hongzhi xu and chu-ren huang the hong kong polytechnic...
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Developing An Emotion Corpus
Sophia Lee, Hongzhi Xu and Chu-Ren HuangThe Hong Kong Polytechnic University
March 11, 2014VariAMU Workshop
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IntroductionObjectiveEmotion as a pivot eventThe event-based emotion corpusOngoing work Conclusion
Outline
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Sentiment vs. Emotion
Emotions are universal human cognitive states elicited by actual or perceived external events
Emotions link cognitive experiences to potential consequences
E.g. unwanted circumstances anger aggressive behaviors
Introduction
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Emotions are treated as pivots linking reported events to potential actions by the experiencer
Emotion as a Pivot Event
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To construct a Chinese event-based corpus
To account for the linguistic correlations between pre-events and caused emotions, as well as the correlations between emotions and post-events
Objective
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9,000 instances of sentences are extracted from the Sinica Corpus based on the Chinese emotion keywords (Lee et al. 2010)
Each instance contains the focus sentence with the emotion keyword “<FocusSentence>”, plus the sentence before “<PrefixSentence>” and after “<SuffixSentence>”
The Event-based Corpus
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Sample instance
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For each annotated emotion, its pre-events and post-events are manually annotated.
A pre-event (cause event) refers to the event that triggers or is highly linked with the presence of the corresponding emotionsA post-event is an event triggered by the emotion, which shows a clear cause-effect relation
The events are usually linguistically expressed by means of verbs, nominalizations, and nominals.
Mark the shortest meaningful cause events that are closest to the emotion keywords.
Annotation Guidelines
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Annotation Tool
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Pre-events (81%) tend to occur more frequently than post-events (19%)
Pre-events (63%) tend to occur before the emotion keyword while post-events mostly occur after the emotion keyword (85%)
Pre-events can be verbal events or nominal events while post-events are all verbal events
Results (I)
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Pre-events tend to be introduced by a list of linguistics cues (Lee et al. 2012)
Prepositions, e.g. wei4 and dui4Conjunctions, e.g. yin1wei4 and yu2shi4Epistemic markers, e.g. kan4dao4 and ting1dao4
The types of post-events tend to have a close association with the emotion type
Result (II)
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To provide a deep linguistic analysis of the links between event structures and emotions
Temporal relations between events and emotions
To explore how the manual event-annotation and the linguistic analysis would help improve the automatic event and emotion identification
Identify events based on emotionsIdentify (implicit) emotions based on identified events
Ongoing work: Linguistic analysis
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To examine the temporal relation of the events involved in each emotion instance based on Allen’s Interval Algebra
Ongoing work: Temporal relation
For example,
is formalized as
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Emotions as pivots underlie our innovative approach towards a linguistic model for event and emotion identification.
The event-annotated emotion corpus and the analysis of emotion-event interaction offer rich structured data allowing the development of a theory of emotion as events.
Conclusion
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