x‑n‑c‑p ‑h‑m ‑x‑n‑c ‑b‑nÂ a-m-b -p-t -¼-mÄ...4 iqsv 2014 pqsse t-b-m-p-n...

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X‑n‑c‑p‑h‑m‑X‑n‑c‑b‑nÂ X‑n‑c‑p‑X‑I‑r‑X‑n

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2014 Pqsse, hne `40

h-bÂ a-m-b-p-t-¼-mÄ

www.koodumagazine.com 3IqSv 2014 Pqssewww.koodumagazine.com↸

I-hÀ t-Ì-m-d-n

X-o-\-m-f-w s-]-m-§-p-w-t-]-m-s-e C-X-f-p-IÄ X-p-d-¶-p-h-n-c-n-b-p-¶ s-\Â-h-b-e-p-IÄS-n.]-n. ]-ß-\-m-`³

s-\Â-h-bÂ \-n-b-a-h-p-w U-m-ä-m-_-m-¦-p-w h-n.F-k-v. k-p-\-nÂ-I-p-a-mÀ F-w.FÂ.F

h-n-c-s-e-m-S-n-¨-v I-p-¯-n-b-mÂ s-]-m-S-n-¡-p-¶ X-n-c-p-h-m-X-n-ck-n-t-P-m s-]-m-d-¯-qÀ

b-m-{-X-¡-p-d-n-¸-p-IÄ þ R-§Ä I-ï ]-Ý-n-a-L-«-wK-o-X-p \-n-j-m-\-n, I-_-n-X \-n-j-m-\-n

]-c-p-´-p-I-f-p-s-S X-m-g-v-h-m-c-wA-\-q-]-v F³.BÀ.-, P-n-X-n³ F-w.U-n.

C-h-n-s-S C-§-s-\ H-c-mÄ

N-n-{-X-h-p-w N-n-´-b-p-wt-U-m. D-®-n-I-r-j-v-W³ ]-p-f-n-¡Â

h-n-I-k-\-w I-r-j-n-b-n-e-q-s-SF-k-v. D-j-, X-WÂ

s-\Â-h-bÂ k-w-c-£-W B-I-v-ä-vþ {-]-[-m-\ h-I-p-¸-p-IÄ

I-m-S-v C-h-n-s-S-\-n-¶-p-w A-I-s-e-b-ÃA-J-nÂ F-w.k-v.

2014 Pqsse]pkvXIw 2, e¡w 3, hne `40

KOODU NATURE MAGAZINE

]cnØnXn, Irjn, BtcmKyw XpS§nb taJeIfnÂ ka{Kamb CSs]SÂ

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]-c-n-Ø-n-X-n h-mÀ-¯-IÄt-h-\Â-¡-n-\-m-h-p-IÄI-p-ª-n-c-m-a³ ]-n.

i-e-`-N-n-{-X-§Äs-s-_-P-p ]-m-e-p-h-Å-n

k-k-v-X-\-n-IÄt-U-m. ]-n.H. \-a-oÀ

N-n-d-I-S-n-IÄ{-]-h-o¬ s-P.

h-\-h-r-£-§ÄBÀ. h-n-t-\-m-Z-v I-p-a-mÀ

k-k-y-P-m-e-I-wh-n.k-n. _-m-e-I-r-j-v-W³

a-Õ-y-t-e-m-I-wA³-hÀ A-e-n-, t-U-m. c-m-P-o-h-v c-m-L-h³

D-c-K-§Ät-U-m. a-p-l-½-Z-v P-m-̂ À ]-m-t-e-m-«-v

D-̀ -b-P-o-h-n-t-e-m-I-wk-µ-o-]-v Z-m-k-v

4 www.koodumagazine.comt‑b‑m‑P‑n‑¸‑v/h‑n‑t‑b‑m‑P‑n‑¸‑vIqSv 2014 Pqsse E

I-r-j-n F-¶ k-t-¦-X-¯-n-s-e A-]-I-S-w \-n-d-ª h-g-n-I-f-n-e-q-s-S-b-m-W-n-¶-v \-m-w

b-m-{-X s-N-¿-p-¶-X-v. A-X-nÂ-¯-s-¶ G-ä-h-p-w A-]-I-S-I-c-a-m-b-X-m-W-v P-\-n-X-I-h-n-f-I-f-p-s-S C-´-y-b-n-t-e-¡-p-Å I-S-¶-p-I-b-ä-w. A-X-p-w t-]-m-c-m-ª-v I-r-j-n-Ø-e-§-f-nÂ ]-c-o-£-W-w \-S-¯-p-¶-X-v k-¦Â-¸-n-¡-m-t-\ h-¿. \-½-p-s-S X-\-X-m-b h-n-f-I-f-p-s-S k-a-q-e-\-m-i-a-m-b-n-c-n-¡-p-w A-\-´-c-^-e-w.

s-]-m-X-p-t-h I-p-d-¨-m-f-p-IÄ a-m-{-X-w {-i-²-n-¨-n-«-p-Å C-u-s-b-m-c-p h-n-j-b-s-¯ I-hÀ-t-Ì-m-d-n-b-m-¡-n C-d-¡-n-b P-q¬-e-¡-w {-]-t-X-y-I-w A-`-n-\-µ-\-aÀ-l-n-¡-p-¶-p.

h-µ-\-i-n-h-b-p-s-S h-m-¡-p-IÄ k-a-I-m-e-n-I I-r-j-n-`-q-a-n-b-n-s-e G-ä-h-p-w {-i-²-n-¡-s-¸-t-S-ï h-m-¡-p-I-f-m-W-v. t-I-c-f-¯-n-s-e I-r-j-n-¡-mÀ-¡-v A-{-X ]-c-n-N-n-X-a-Ã-m-¯ \-h-[-m-\-y-s-b-¡-p-d-n-¨-p-w I-q-S-p-XÂ A-d-n-b-m-\-m-b-X-nÂ h-f-s-c k-t-´-m-j-n-¡-p-¶-p. A-h-c-p-s-S {-]-hÀ-¯-\-§Ä t-I-c-f-¯-n-t-e-¡-p I-q-S-n h-y-m-]-n-¸-n-¡-m³ I-q-S-v h-µ-\-i-n-h-t-b-m-S-v A-`-yÀ-°-n-¡-W-w. t-k-h-v A-hÀ s-s-d-k-v I-y-m-s-¼-b-n-\-p-a-m-b-n X-n-c-p-h-\-´-]-p-c-¯-p-Å X-WÂ H-g-n-¨-mÂ t-I-c-f-¯-nÂ C-u t-a-J-e-b-nÂ {-]-hÀ-¯-n-¡-p-¶-hÀ I-m-c-y-a-m-b-n-«-n-Ã F-¶-p X-s-¶ ]-d-b-m-w.

I-m-e-n-I-{-]-m-[-m-\-y-a-p-Å C-¯-c-w h-n-j-b-§Ä A-h-X-c-n-¸-n-¡-p-¶-X-nÂ I-q-S-v I-m-W-n-¡-p-¶ C-u {-]-_-p-²-X X-s-¶-b-m-W-v I-q-S-n-s-â ]-p-X-p-X-e-a-p-d-¡-n-S-b-n-s-e k-z-o-I-m-c-y-X-¡-p I-m-c-W-w. F-Ã-m B-i-w-k-I-f-p-w ]-n-´-p-W-b-p-w. d‑^‑o‑I‑v‑, a‑m‑\‑´‑h‑m‑S‑n‑, h‑b‑\‑m‑S‑v

A-S-p-¯-n-s-S h-m-b-n-¨ A-`-n-a-p-J-§-f-nÂ h-f-s-c l-r-Z-y-a-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p s-N-d-p-h-bÂ c-m-t-a-«-\-p-

a-m-b-p-Å-X-v. A-t-±-l-w s-N-d-n-b P-o-h-n-X-w s-I-m-ï-v h-e-n-b I-m-c-y-§-f-m-W-v s-N-b-v-X-p I-m-W-n-¡-p-¶-X-v. i-c-n-¡-p-w h-n-¯-p-I-f-p-s-S c-m-a³ X-s-¶. C-u A-`-n-a-p-J-w h-m-b-n-¨-mÂ X-oÀ-¨-b-m-b-p-w I-r-j-n-s-N-¿-m-\-p-Å H-c-p X-m-e-v-]-c-y-w F-Ã-m-h-c-n-e-p-w D-ï-m-I-p-w. a-m-{-X-a-Ã B F-f-n-b P-o-h-n-X-t-¯-m-S-v h-Ã-m-¯ _-l-p-a-m-\-h-p-w t-X-m-¶-p-w. BÀ-`-m-S-§-f-p-s-S B-U-w-_-c-§-f-nÂ \-o-´-n-¯-p-S-n-¡-p-¶-hÀ C-§-s-\-b-p-Å a-l-m-•-m-s-c a-m-X-r-I-b-m-¡-W-w.

h-n-¯-p-I-f-p-s-S I-p-¯-I-a-p-X-e-m-f-n-a-m-c-m-b s-a-m¬-k-m-t-â-m-b-p-w a-ä-p I-¼-\-n-I-f-p-w h-n-¯-p-c-m-a-•-m-s-c `-b-s-¸-S-p-¶-X-nÂ X-o-s-c A-Û-p-X-a-n-Ã. C-§-s-\-b-p-Å k-h-n-t-i-j-h-y-à-n-X-z-§Ä C-\-n-b-p-w I-q-S-n-s-â X-m-f-p-I-s-f A-e-¦-c-n-¡-W-w. A-`-n-h-m-Z-y-§Ä. h‑m‑k‑p‑t‑Z‑h³ X‑p‑ï‑¯‑nÂ‑, t‑N‑t‑e‑c‑n‑, I‑®‑qÀ

c-m-t-a-«-\-m-W-v X-m-c-w. X-IÀ-¸³ CâÀ-h-y-q B-b-n-c-p-¶-p c-m-t-a-«-s-â. t-^-m¬ \-¼À-I-q-S-n s-I-m-

S-p-¯-n-c-p-¶-X-p \-¶-m-b-n. R-§-f-p-s-S A-S-p-¯-p-Å k-v-I-q-f-n-s-e I-p-«-n-I-s-f c-m-t-a-«-s-â h-o-S-p-w ]-m-S-h-p-s-a-m-s-¡ H-¶-p s-I-m-ï-p-t-]-m-b-n I-m-W-n-¡-W-s-a-¶-v h-e-n-b B-{-K-l-w. I-p-«-n-IÄ-¡-v {-]-X-o-£-b-m-b-n C-§-\-s-¯ ]-p-W-y-m-ß-m-¡Ä C-t-¸-m-g-p-a-p-ï-t-Ã-m ̀ -m-K-y-w.A‑P‑p t‑P‑m¬, X‑m‑a‑c‑t‑È‑c‑nÂ‑, a‑c‑S‑v‑, F‑d‑W‑m‑I‑p‑f‑w

I-q-S-n-s-â h-mÀ-j-n-I-w t-I-m-g-n-t-¡-m-S-v h-¨-p \-S-¶-n-«-p-w A-d-n-ª-n-Ã-t-Ã-m. I-q-S-n-s-â C-\-n h-c-p-¶

N-S-§-p-IÄ h-m-b-\-¡-m-s-c t-\-c-t-¯ X-s-¶ A-d-n-b-n-¡-m³ {-i-a-n-¡-p-a-t-Ã-m. F-w.S-n.b-p-w a-ä-p-w ]-s-¦-S-p-¯ h-mÀ-j-n-I-w K-w-`-o-c-a-m-b-n F-¶-v h-m-b-n-¨-t-¸-m-g-m-W-v A-d-n-ª-X-v. F t-U h-n-¯-v _-«À-^-v-s-s-f-k-p-w \-j-v-S-a-m-b-n. I-q-S-p-XÂ \-Ã {-]-hÀ-¯-\-§Ä-¡-v B-i-w-k-IÄ.h‑k‑p‑Ô‑c‑, k‑v‑a‑r‑X‑n‑, h‑S‑I‑c‑, t‑I‑m‑g‑n‑t‑¡‑m‑S‑v

C-u-b-n-s-S-b-m-b-n I-q-S-nÂ N-n-{-X-§-f-p-s-S A-X-n-{-]-k-c-a-p-t-ï-m F-¶-v k-w-i-b-w. C-X-v

F-s-â a-m-{-X-w A-`-n-{-]-m-b-a-Ã. I-q-S-n-s-â A-`-y-p-Z-b-I-m-w-£-n-I-f-m-b N-n-e-c-p-s-S-I-q-S-n-b-m-W-v. a-p-J-y-[-m-c-m-a-m-[-y-a-§Ä X-n-c-n-ª-p-t-\-m-¡-m-¯ I-m-e-n-I-a-m-b H-«-\-h-[-n {-]-i-v-\-§Ä I-q-S-n-e-q-s-S P-\-§-f-n-t-e-s-¡-¯-W-s-a-¶-p-Å X-m-e-v-]-c-y-a-p-ï-v. A-X-n-\-m-b-n N-n-{-X-§Ä I-p-d-¨-v I-q-S-p-XÂ ]-c-n-Ø-n-X-n-h-n-j-b-§Ä DÄ-s-¸-S-p-¯-m³ {-i-²-n-¡-p-a-t-Ã-m. ]-c-n-Ø-n-X-n h-mÀ-¯-I-f-nÂ {-]-m-t-Z-i-n-I-a-m-b h-n-j-b-§Ä-¡-v I-q-S-p-XÂ {-]-m-[-m-\-y-w s-I-m-S-p-¡-m-\-p-w {-i-²-n-¡-p-a-t-Ã-m. I-q-S-m-s-X-, I-p-«-n-IÄ-¡-m-b-p-Å ]-w-à-n-IÄ X-p-S-§-W-s-a-¶-v X-p-S-¡-w a-p-X-t-e R-§Ä B-h-i-y-s-¸-S-p-¶-X-m-W-v-, H-c-p hÀ-j-w I-g-n-ª-n-«-p-w C-X-v ]-c-n-K-W-n-¨-n-«-n-Ã.k‑Z‑m‑i‑n‑h³ s‑]‑m‑b‑n‑e‑nÂ‑, I‑S‑b‑v‑¡‑m‑h‑qÀ‑, X‑n‑c‑p‑h‑\‑´‑]‑p‑c‑w

I-hÀ N-n-{-X-w

]-p-X-p-X-e-a-p-d-¡-n-S-b-n-s-e k-z-o-I-m-c-y-X

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I‑r‑j‑n‑b‑n‑S‑§‑f‑n‑s‑e Aimkv{Xob P‑\‑n‑X‑I ]‑c‑o‑£‑W‑§Ät‑U‑m. h‑µ‑\ i‑n‑h FgpXp¶p

www.koodumagazine.com

2014 Pq¬, hne `40

hn-̄ p-I-fp-sScm-a³

h‑b‑\m‑Sn‑sâ \m‑S³ s\Â ‑hn‑¯p‑IÄ ]‑Xn‑äm‑ ïp‑I‑fm‑bn H‑cp X‑]‑ky‑t]m‑se kw‑c‑£n‑¨p‑

t]m‑cp‑¶ sN‑dp‑h‑bÂ cm‑a‑\p‑am‑bn A‑`n‑ap‑Jw

\n§fpsS {-]-X-n-I-c-W-§Ä R§sf Adnbn¡pI

IqSv amknI, sImc«n ]n.H. XrÈqÀ 680308

@ [email protected] facebook.com/KooduMagazine Photo/Mohan Thomas

Cover Design/Acko

I-S-p-h I-g-n-ª-mÂ a-mÀ-Ö-m-c-h-w-i-¯-n-s-e G-ä-h-p-w {-]-[-m-\-n-b-m-W-v ]-p-Å-n-¸-p-e-n. G-X-p k-m-l-N-c-y-§-t-f-m-S-p-w t-NÀ-¶-p-t-]-m-I-m³ C-h-b-v-¡-v A-]-m-c-a-m-b I-g-n-h-p-ï-v. 70 U-n-{-K-n N-q-S-p-Å B-{-^-n-¡³ a-c-p-`-q-a-n a-p-XÂ þ35 U-n-{-K-n s-I-m-S-p-w-X-W-p-¸-p-Å d-j-y-b-nÂ h-s-c C-h-b-p-s-S k-m-¶-n-²-y-a-p-ï-v. ]-n-S-n-¡-p-¶ C-c-I-s-f a-c-¯-n-\-p a-p-I-f-nÂ s-I-m-ï-p-t-]-m-b-m-W-v k-m-[-m-c-W-b-m-b-n `-£-n-¡-p-I. I-q-S-p-X-e-p-w s-N-d-n-b C-c-I-s-f t-h-«-b-m-S-m³ C-j-v-S-s-¸-S-p-¶-p. s-I-\-n-b-b-n-s-e a-k-m-b-v-a-m-c-b-nÂ \-n-¶-m-W-v C-u N-n-{-X-w ]-IÀ-¯-n-b-X-v.

]-p-Å-n-¸-p-e-n (Leopard)

h-m-b-n-t-¡-ï h-c-n-IÄ

""]-Ý-n-a-L-«-¯-n-s-e B-f-p-IÄ-, k-a-X-e-¯-n-s-e B-f-p-IÄ F-¶-p ]-d-ª-v h-e-n-b c-o-X-n-b-n-e-p-Å h-n-`-m-K-o-b-X-b-p-ï-m-b-n-«-p-ï-v. A-§-s-\ a-p-d-n-ª-p-t-]-m-b H-c-n-S-¯-p \-n-¶-p-s-I-m-ï-v ]-Ý-n-a-L-«-w F-¶-Ã H-¶-p-w k-w-c-£-n-¡-m³ ]-ä-n-Ã. A-X-v h-n-f-¡-n-t-¨À-t-¡-ï-X-v B-h-i-y-a-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p. ]-Ý-n-a-L-«-¯-nÂ _-Ô-§-f-p-ï-m-¡-n-s-b-S-p-¡-p-I. I-q-«-m-b k-w-c-£-W-{-]-hÀ-¯-\-§-f-nÂ C-S-s-]-S-m³ ]-ä-p-¶ _-Ô-§Ä D-ï-m-I-p-I. A-X-v \-a-p-¡-v k-m-[-n-¨-n-«-p-ï-v. s-I. k-l-t-Z-h³-, (a-m-X-r-`-q-a-n B-g-v-N-¸-X-n-¸-v-, 2014 P-q¬ 29)

5IqSv 2014 PqsseFUntämdnbÂ

FUnäÀapcfo[c³ hn.

Atkmkntbäv FUnäÀkn. XmPp±o³

FU-näÀ H-m^-v t-^-mt-«-m{-K-m^-n t‑U‑m. D®‑nI‑rj‑vW³ ]‑pf‑n¡Â Zneo]v A´n¡mSv

k_v FUnäÀ kµo]v Zmkv

BÀ«v UbdÎÀAt¡m

Unssk\ÀtPm X¿nÂ

\-m-s-f-b-p-s-S B-h-i-y-§Ä F-s-´-m-s-¡-b-m-b-n-c-n-¡-p-s-a-¶-v H-c-p ]-p-\À-h-n-N-n-´-\-w \-S-t-¯-ï k-a-b-w A-X-n-{-I-a-n-

¨-n-c-n-¡-p-¶-p. F-´-n-s-\-m-s-¡-b-m-W-v a-p³-K-W-\ \Â-t-I-ï-s-X-¶-p-Å NÀ-¨-I-f-p-w k-P-o-h-a-m-t-I-ï-X-p-ï-v. F-´-m-b-m-e-p-w A-X-v B-U-w-_-c ̂ -v-f-m-ä-p-I-t-f-m h-n-Ã-I-t-f-m t-j-m-¸-n-§-v t-I-{-µ-§-t-f-m h-m-l-\-§-t-f-m B-I-m³ X-c-a-n-Ã. a-d-n-¨-v A-X-v \-a-p-¡-o ̀ -q-t-K-m-f-¯-nÂ P-o-h³ \-n-e-\-nÀ-¯-m³ G-ä-h-p-w A-X-y-´-m-t-]-£-n-X-a-m-b h-m-b-p-, s-h-Å-w-, `-£-W-w F-¶-n-h-b-m-b-n-c-n-¡-p-w F-¶-X-n-\-pw k-w-i-b-a-n-Ã. A-X-p-X-s-¶ i-p-²-a-m-b h-m-b-p-, a-e-n-\-a-m-I-m-¯ s-h-Å-w-, h-n-j-a-n-Ã-m-¯ ̀ -£-W-w F-¶-p-I-q-S-n X-n-c-p-¯-n h-m-b-n-¡-W-w. ]-t-£-, s-\Â-h-b-e-p-I-f-p-s-S-b-p-w X-®-oÀ-¯-S-§-f-p-s-S-b-p-w C-¶-s-¯ A-h-Ø ]-c-n-K-W-n-¨-mÂ \-m-t-f-¡-p-t-h-ï-n-b-p-Å (C-t-¶-¡-p-w-) C-u A-h-i-y-h-k-v-X-p-¡-f-p-s-S e-`-y-X F-§-s-\-b-m-W-v D-d-¸-m-¡-m-\-m-h-p-I?

A-c-n-`-£-W-s-¯ I-q-S-p-X-e-m-b-p-w B-{-i-b-n-¡-p-¶ t-I-c-f-¯-nÂ a²yhÀ¤ a-e-b-m-f-n F-§-s-\-b-p-Å t-N-m-d-p-®-W-s-a-¶-v X-o-c-p-a-m-\-n-¡-p-¶-X-v B-{-Ô-b-n-s-e IÀ-j-I-c-m-W-v-, F-´-p h-n-e-s-I-m-S-p-¡-W-s-a-¶-v X-o-c-p-a-m-\-n-¡-p-¶-X-v C-S-b-nÂ \-nÂ-¡-p-¶ I-¨-h-S-¡-m-c-p-w. ̀ -£-y-k-p-c-£-s-b-¶ t-]-c-nÂ Z-c-n-{-Z-t-I-c-f-w t-d-j³-I-S-I-f-p-s-S-b-p-w a-m-t-h-e-n-t-Ì-m-d-p-I-f-p-s-S-b-p-w a-p-¶-nÂ I-y-q \-nÂ-¡-p-I-b-m-W-v. \-½Ä I-g-n-¡-p-¶ `-£-W-w D-X-v-]-m-Z-n-¸-n-¡-m³ t-I-c-f-o-b-s-c k-z-b-w-]-c-y-m-]-v-X-c-m-¡-p-I-b-m-W-v G-s-X-m-c-p ̀ -c-W-I-q-S-h-p-w B-Z-y-w s-N-t-¿-ï-X-v. C-u-s-b-m-c-p X-e-¯-nÂ \-n-¶-p-s-I-m-ï-p-t-h-W-w \-mÂ-¸-X-p s-I-m-Ã-¯-n-\-p-Å-nÂ \-m-e-n-s-e-m-¶-m-b-n I-p-d-ª-p-t-]-m-b \-½-p-s-S s-\Â-h-b-e-p-I-f-p-s-S-b-p-w X-®-oÀ-¯-S-§-f-p-s-S-b-p-w C-t-¸-m-g-s-¯ Z-p-c-h-Ø-s-b h-n-e-b-n-c-p-¯-m³. C-\-n-b-p-w \-n-I-¯-n-b-mÂ \-½-p-s-S I-p-ª-p-§-f-p-s-S A-s-Ã-¦-nÂ A-h-c-p-s-S ]-n³-X-e-a-p-d-b-p-s-S `-m-h-n-s-b-S-p-¯-m-h-p-w \-½Ä N-q-X-m-S-p-I F-¶ t-_-m-²-y-¯-n-e-m-W-v 2008þÂ s-\Â-h-bÂ-þ-X-®-oÀ-¯-S k-w-c-£-W B-I-v-ä-v \-n-e-h-nÂ h-¶-X-v. ]-t-£-, -'h-n-I-k-\-w-' F-¶ H-ä-h-m-¡-nÂ G-h-c-p-s-S-b-p-w I-®-nÂ s]mSnbnSm\mhp¶p ïv ̀ -c-W-I-q-S-§Ä-¡-v. X-n-I-¨-p-w \-y-q-\-]-£-a-m-b [-\-n-I-c-p-s-S h-n-I-k-\-t-a-m-l-§Ä-¡-v a-p-¶-nÂ F-¶-p-w \-j-v-S-s-¸-t-S-ï-n h-¶-n-«-p-Å-X-v I-r-j-n-b-p-w IÀ-j-I-c-p-a-m-W-v F-¶ I-m-c-y-w h-n-k-v-a-c-n-¨-p-I-q-S-m. ]-Ý-a-L-«-¯-n-s-e I-z-m-d-n-IÄ k-a-X-e-§-f-n-s-e B-U-w-_-c-h-k-X-n-IÄ-¡-p-w A-w-_-c-N-p-w-_-n-I-f-m-b

^-v-f-m-ä-p-IÄ-¡-p-w t-h-ï-n \-nÀ-¯-m-s-X a-e-X-p-c-¶-p-s-I-m-ï-n-c-n-¡-p-t-¼-mÄ-, \-m-t-f-¡-p-t-h-ï s-h-Å-h-p-w ̀ -£-W-h-p-w D-d-¸-m-¡-p-¶ h-b-t-e-e-I-f-m-W-v C-u t-I-m¬-{-I-o-ä-v I-m-S-p-IÄ-¡-p t-h-ï-n \-n-I-¯-s-¸-S-p-¶-X-v. A-X-nÂ-¯-s-¶ I-q-S-p-X-e-p-w {-]-h-m-k-n-IÄ- H-c-p \-n-t-£-]-w F-¶ \-n-e-b-nÂ h-m-§-n ]-q-«-n-b-n-S-m-\-p-Å-X-p-w.

A-«-n-a-d-n-¡-s-¸-S-p-¶ C-u s-\Â-h-bÂ-þ-X-®-oÀ-¯-S k-w-c-£-W B-I-v-ä-v-, \-a-p-¡-p c-£-s-¸-S-m-\-p-Å A-h-k-m-\ A-h-k-c-a-m-W-v \-j-v-S-s-¸-S-p-¯-p-¶-X-v. -'s-h-ä-v-e-mâ-v-' F-¶-mÂ -'t-h-Ì-v e-mâ-v-' F-¶ s-]-m-X-p-k-a-q-l-¯-n-s-â k-a-o-]-\-w a-m-d-W-w. N-p-ä-p-a-p-Å I-n-W-d-p-I-f-n-e-p-w a-ä-p P-e-t-{-k-m-X-Ê-p-I-f-n-e-p-s-a-Ã-m-w P-e-k-p-c-£ D-d-¸-m-¡-p-¶-X-n-\-v X-®-oÀ-¯-S-§Ä F-{-X-a-m-{-X-w D-]-I-c-n-¡-p-¶-p F-¶-v \-½Ä X-n-c-n-¨-d-n-b-W-w. e-£-¡-W-¡-n-\-v G-¡-d-nÂ s-s-P-h-I-r-j-n s-N-¿-p-¶ B-{-Ô-b-p-s-S-b-p-w a-ä-p-w a-m-X-r-I \-½Ä ]-n³-X-p-S-c-W-w. ]-p-X-p-X-e-a-p-d-b-n-s-e b-p-h-m-¡Ä I-r-j-n-b-n-t-e-¡-v B-I-r-j-v-S-c-m-b-n h-c-p-¶-p-s-ï-¦-n-e-p-w h-y-m-]-I-a-m-b-n I-r-j-n-b-n-t-e-

¡-v P-\-§-s-f B-IÀ-j-n-¡-m-\-p-Å h-y-à-a-m-b ]-²-X-n-IÄ B-h-n-j-v-I-c-n-t-¡-ï-n-b-n-c-n-¡-p-¶-p. \-n-d-p-¯-n-h-¨-n-c-n-¡-p-¶ U-m-ä-m-_-m-¦-n-s-â {-]-hÀ-¯-\-§Ä F-{-X-b-p-w s-]-s-«-¶-v ]-qÀ-¯-n-b-m-t-¡-ï-n-b-n-c-n-¡-p-¶-p. a-m-{-X-a-Ã D-t-Z-y-m-K-Ø-h-r-µ-w C-u \-n-b-a-s-¯ ̂ -e-{-]-Z-a-m-b-n D-]-t-b-m-K-n-¡-p-¶-p-s-ï-¶-v ̀ -c-W-I-q-S-§Ä D-d-¸-p-h-c-p-¯-p-I-b-p-w t-h-W-w. C-X-n-s-\-Ã-m-w ]-p-d-t-a -'e-m-`-w-' F-¶ H-ä h-m-¡-n-s-â {-]-t-e-m-`-\-¯-nÂ I-p-S-p-§-n-¡-n-S-¡-m-s-X

\nb{´WanÃmsX h-y-h-k-m-b-§Ä h-b-e-p-IÄ-¡-v t-a-t-e h-n-I-k-n-¡-p-¶-X-n-\-v I-S-n-ª-m-W-n-S-W-w. kÀ-¡-m-c-n-s-â s-]-m-X-p B-h-i-y-§Ä F-¶ t-]-c-nÂ h-c-p-¶ ]-e-X-p-w k-z-I-m-c-y d-n-bÂ F-t-Ì-ä-v t-e-m-_-n-IÄ-¡-v _-n-k-n-\-k-v s-I-m-g-p-¸-n-¡-p-¶-X-n-\-p-Å A-S-n-Ø-m-\-k-u-I-c-y-s-a-m-c-p-¡-e-m-W-v F¶p \mw Xncn¨dnbWw

{-]-X-o-£-I-f-n-t-e-¡-m-W-v \-½Ä h-n-s-¯-d-n-t-b-ï-X-v. H-¶-p-w ]-qÀ-®-a-m-b-p-w \-j-v-S-s-¸-«-n-«-n-Ã. ]-t-£-, I-r-X-y-a-m-b \-n-b-a-§-f-p-w i-à-a-m-b A-X-n-s-â \-nÀ-Æ-l-W-h-p-w C-\-n-b-p-w D-d-¸-m-¡-n-b-n-s-Ã-¦-nÂ B {-]-X-o-£-IÄ ]-X-n-c-m-b-n-t-¸-m-h-p-s-a-¶-v D-d-¸-m-W-v. \-n-I-¯-s-¸-S-p-¶ s-\Â-h-b-e-p-I-f-p-w X-®-oÀ-¯-S-§-f-p-w \-½-f-p-s-S I-p-ª-p-a-¡-f-p-s-S `-m-h-n-b-n-t-e-¡-m-W-v C-c-pÄ h-o-i-p-¶-X-v.

FUnäÀ

C-u h-b-e-p-IÄ \-m-s-f-b-p-s-S {-]-X-o-£

I-qS-nÂ {-]k-n²-oIc-n¡-p¶ t-eJ\§f-ps-S

Bib§f-p-w A`-n{-]-mb§f-p-w t-eJIc-pt-SX-v a-m{-X-w.

]cky§fnse AhImihmZ§Ä¡v IqSv amknI

D¯chmZnbmbncn¡nÃ.

sSIv\n¡Â kt¸mÀ«vA_p _nemÂknhojv inhcma³

Hm¬sse³ kt¸mÀ«vkemUvkv aoUnb

D]tZiI kanXns{]m^. C. IpªnIrjvW³ tUm. ]n.Fkv. Cuk tUm. ]n.H. \aoÀ tUm. a‑p‑l‑½‑Z‑v P‑m‑^À ]‑m‑t‑e‑m‑«‑v {]ho¬ sP kplmkv tIt¨cn

{]Xn\n[nIÄJ¯À: Fw. ]n. cm[mIrjvW³bp.G.C: tkXpam[h³ ss^kÂ_mh_lv-ssd³: t{]wPn¯v \mcmbW³ kp\nÂ HmWwIpfw

Volume 2, Issue 3Kootu Prakrithiyude SpandanamJuly 2014Printed and Published by Muraleedharan V., Veluthamessery, Cheruvaloor P.O., Thrissur 680308, on behalf of Muraleedharan V., and Printed at Nirmala HiPrint, Ayyanthole, Thrissur and published at Koratty PO, Thrissur District, Kerala 680308

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\-a-p-¡-p c-£-s-¸-S-m-\-p-Å A-h-k-m-\ A-h-k-c-a-m-W-v \-j-v-S-s-¸-S-p-¯-p-¶-X-v.

-'s-h-ä-v-e-mâ-v-' F-¶-mÂ -'t-h-Ì-v e-mâ-v-' F-¶ s-]-m-X-p-k-a-q-l-¯-n-s-â k-a-o-]-\-w a-m-d-W-w. P-e-k-p-c-£ D-d-¸-m-¡-p-¶-X-n-\-v

X-®-oÀ-¯-S-§Ä F-{-X-a-m-{-X-w D-]-I-c-n-¡-p-¶-p F-¶-v \-½Ä X-n-c-n-¨-d-n-b-W-w.

pick of the pix6 IqSv 2014 Pqsse

t-^-m-t-«-m-{-K-m-^À: {‑]‑h‑o¬ ]‑n. t‑a‑m‑l³‑Z‑m‑k‑va-\-w I-p-f-nÀ-¸-n-¡-p-¶ a-g-t-a-L-§Ä I-m-e-hÀ-j-¯-n-\-p h-o-Y-n-s-b-m-c-p-¡-n. ]-Ý-na-L-«-w F-{-X-a-m-{-X-w k-l-m-b-a-m-W-v \-½-p-s-S I-r-j-n-¡-p-w B-h-m-k-h-y-h-Ø-¡-p-w \Â-I-p-¶-s-X-¶-v C-u a-g-t-a-L-§Ä h-o-ï-p-w H-mÀ-½-n-¸-n-¡-p-¶-p. C-u l-c-n-X-t-a-e-m-¸-n-\-p-w P-o-h-\-n-t-e-¡-v s-X-m-«-p-\-nÀ-¯-p-¶ C-u \-\-h-n-\-p-w \-½-s-f-¶-p-w I-S-s-¸-«-n-c-n-¡-p-¶-p. a-g-b-p-s-S `-q-a-n-b-n-t-e-¡-p-Å h-n-c-p-¶-,v a-w-K-f-m-t-Z-h-n-b-nÂ \-n-¶-p-w.

Camera: Canon EOS 5D Mark II Lens: EF70-200mm f/4L IS Focal Length: 70mm, Exposure: Shutter 1/400 sec Aperture f/8 ISO 400

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IhÀ kvtämdn8 IqSv 2014 Pqsse s-\Â-h-b-e-p-w X-®-oÀ-¯-S-§-f-p-w

S-n.]-n. ]-ß-\-m-`³

""a-s-s-g h-f-´-c-p-w ]-n-ï-s-\-Ã-n³-'-' (hÀ-j-K-p-W-w s-I-m-ï-p-ï-m-b s-\Â-s-]-m-e-n-a-b-p-s-S-)

D-u-c-m-b-m-W-v s-\Â-h-bÂ-þ-X-®-oÀ-¯-S-§-s-f k-w-L-I-m-e-I-r-X-n-I-f-nÂ h-n-t-i-j-n-¸-n-¨-n-c-p-¶-X-v. c-ï-m-b-n-c-w hÀ-j-t-¯-m-f-w ]-g-¡-a-p-Å X-a-n-g-v k-w-L-I-m-e-I-r-X-n-I-f-nÂ `-q-a-n-¡-v P-o-h-\-p-s-ï-¶p I-e-v-]-n-¨-v A-X-n-s-e `-q-Z-r-i--y-§-s-f (Land Scapes) A-©-p X-n-W-I-f-m-b-n h-n-`-P-n-¨-n-c-p-¶-p. H-m-t-c-m X-n-W-¡-p-w H-c-p t-Z-h-X-, H-c-p h-r-£-w-, H-c-p ̀ -m-h-w (a-t-\-m-h-n-I-m-c-w-) F-¶-n-h \Â-I-n-b-n-c-p-¶-p. s-\Â-h-bÂ-þ-X-®-oÀ-¯-S-s-a-¶-X-v a-c-p-X-w X-n-W-b-m-W-v. t-X-m-«-p-I-c-b-n-e-p-w h-bÂ-¡-c-b-n-e-p-w I-m-W-p-¶ \-oÀ-a-c-p-X-m-W-v a-c-p-X-¯-n-s-â Ø-m-\-o-I-k-k--y-w. a-g-s-b B-{-i-b-n-¨-p-Å I-r-j-n-c-o-X-n

""X-o-\-m-f-w s-]-m-§-pw t-]-m-s-e C-X-f-p-IÄ X-p-d-¶-p-h-n-c-n-b-p-¶

s-\Â-h-b-e-p-IÄ...''


B-b-X-n-\-mÂ C-{-µ-\-m-W-v a-c-p-X-¯-n-s-â t-Z-h-X. a-g-b-p-s-S G-ä-¡-p-d-¨-n-e-p-IÄ a-c-p-X-\-n-e-¯-n-e-p-ï-m-¡-p-¶ {-]-i-v-\-§-Ä sImïm-I-m-w A-h-n-i--z-k-v-X-X-a-q-e-a-p-Å -s-h-d-p-¸-v a-c-p-X-¯-n-s-â `-m-h-a-m-b-X-v.

A-I-\-m-\-q-d-nÂ a-c-p-X-s-¯ h-n-t-i-j-n-¸-n-¡-p-¶-X-v C-§-s-\-b-m-W-v þ X-o-\-m-f-w s-]-m-§-p-¶-X-p-t-]-m-s-e C-X-f-p-IÄ X-p-d-¶-p-h-n-c-n-b-p-¶ s-\Â-h-b-e-p-IÄ. s-\-Ã-v h-d-p-¡-p-t-¼-mÄ s-X-d-n-¨-p-h-o-g-p-¶ a-e-c-p-t-]-m-e-p-Å A-t-\-I-w s-N-d-p-a-o-\-p-IÄ B h-b-e-p-I-f-nÂ X-p-Å-n-h-o-g-p-¶-p. A-h-s-b s-I-m-¯-n-¯-n-¶-m³ X-m-a-c C-e-I-f-nÂ s-a-s-Ã s-a-s-Ã ]-d-¶-n-d-§-p-¶ N-n-¨-n-e-¡-p-c-p-h-n-IÄ. h-b-e-nÂ I-¶-p-]-q-«-p-¶-hÀ B-\-µ-t-¯-m-S-p-I-q-S-n- ]-m-S-p-¶ D-g-h-p-]-m-«-n-s-â a-p-g-§-p-¶ [-z-\-n. h-bÂ-h-c-¼-p-I-f-n-e-q-s-S C-d-§-n h-b-e-n-s-e t-N-d-v I-e-¡-n B-¼-e-n-s-â C-e-¡-p-I-o-g-nÂ H-X-p-§-n-¡-n-S-¡-p-¶ B-a-, X-m³ A-S-n-s-h-¨-v s-N-Ã-p-¶-X-v A-d-n-s-ª-¦-n-t-e-m F-¶-p

I-c-p-X-n s-a-s-Ã s-a-s-Ã I-mÂ s-h-¨-v h-m-f-a-o-\-n-s-\ ]-n-S-n-¡-m³ {-i-a-n-¡-p-¶ h-e-n-b \-oÀ-¸-£-n-IÄ-, a-b-n-s-e-Å-v a-c-¯-W-e-n-s-e s-h-f-p-¯ a-®-n-s-\ s-h¬-s-\-Ã-v t-]-m-s-e I-q-«-n-s-h-¨-v a-r-Z-p-e-a-m-b a-c-

¡-¼-p-IÄ D-e-¡-b-m-¡-n I-p-¯-n-¡-f-n-¡-p-¶ s-]¬-I-n-S-m-§-s-f A-Ã-e-t-i-j-a-n-Ã-m-s-X D-d-§-n-b-X-p-t-]-m-s-e \-S-n-¨-v s-X-m-«-S-p-¯ \-oÀ-a-c-p-X-v a-c-¯-n-e-n-c-p-¶-v h-o-£-n-¡-p-¶ a-o³-s-I-m-¯-n.

X-o-P--z-m-e- s-]-m-§-p-¶-X-p-t-]-m-e-p-Å X-m-a-c-¸-q-

¡-f-p-s-S C-S-¡-v h-n-f-ª-p \-nÂ-¡-p-¶ k-p-hÀ-® s-\Â-¡-X-n-c-p-IÄ A-c-n-ª-v H-c-n-S-¯-v I-q-«-p-¶ IÀ-j-IÀ. A-X-n-{-I-a-n-s-¨-¯-p-¶ ]-i-p-¡-s-f ]-m-S-h-c-¼-nÂ h-f-c-p-¶ h-Å-n-IÄ a-p-d-n-s-¨-S-p-¯-v I-b-d-m-¡-n ]-n-S-n-¨-p-s-I-«-p-¶ I-m-hÂ-¡-mÀ-, h-m-f-a-o-\-n-s-\ h-e-b-n-«-p ]-n-S-n-¨-v s-N-s-¶-Ã-n-\-p t-h-ï-n s-X-c-p-h-nÂ h-nÂ-¡-p-¶ ]-m-WÀ-, h-n-i-m-e-a-m-b I-ä-¡-f-¯-nÂ I-m-f-I-s-f-h-n-«-p -s-a-X-n-¸-n-¨-t-i-j-w D-u-t-¡-m-s-S h-o-i-p-¶-I-m-ä-nÂ ]-X-n-c-v ]-m-ä-n-¡-f-ª-v s-\-Ã-v s-]-m-e-n-¸-n-s-¨-S-p-¡-p-¶-hÀ-, `-£-W-¯-n-\-p t-h-ï-s-X-S-p-¯-v A-h-t-i-j-n-¨-h h-Ã-§-f-nÂ k-w-`-c-n-¡-p-¶-hÀ-, a-c-p-X-\-n-e-¯-p \-n-¶-v N-q-ï-b-n-«p ]-n-S-n-¨ h-e-n-b h-b-t-d-m-S-p-I-q-S-n-b-X-p-w D-S-p-¡-n-s-â I-s-®-m-¯-X-p-a-m-b s-I-m-g-p-¯ {-_-mÂ a-o-\-n-s-\ h-n-ä-p I-Å-p I-p-S-n-¨-v I-q-¯-m-S-n D-d-§-n-t-¸-m-I-p-¶-hÀ-, A-h-s-c t-N-m-d-p-w ]-p-f-n-¦-d-n-b-p-a-m-b-n I-m-¯-n-c-n-¡-p-¶ k-v-{-X-o-IÄ....... C-§-s-\ t-]-m-I-p-¶-p a-c-p-X-\-n-e P-o-h-n-X hÀ-®-\.

`-q-a-n-b-nÂ a-\-p-j--y-s-â C-S-s-]-S-e-n-s-â ^-e-a-m-b-p-ï-m-¡-p-¶ e-m-`-\-j-v-S-§-s-f

A-S-n-Ø-m-\-a-m-¡-n ]-m-g-v-`-q-a-n-, I-r-j-n-`-q-a-n-, N-X-p-¸-v F-¶-n-§-s-\ h-n-`-P-n-¡-p-¶-X-v

B-[-p-\-n-I `-q-a-m-t-\-P-v-s-aâ-v X-{-´-§-f-p-s-S `-m-K-a-m-W-v.

Photo/Sravanthi Kethireddy

IhÀ kvtämdn10 IqSv 2014 Pqsse

`-q-a-n-b-n-s-e k-a-k-v-X-h-p-w E-X-p-h--y-X--y-m-k-§-t-f-m-S-p-w Z-n-\-c-m-{-X-§-t-f-m-S-p-w I-m-e-m-h-

Ø-t-b-m-S-p-w t-b-m-P-n-¸-n-¨-v A-h-n-s-S h-m-g-p-¶ a-\-p-j--y-s-â h-n-I-m-c-h-p-w s-X-m-g-n-e-p-w k-w-k-v-¡-m-c-h-p-a-m-b-n h-n-f-¡-n-t-¨-À-¯-n-c-n-¡-p-¶ H-c-p s-s-P-h h-n-`-P-\-a-m-W-v X-n-W k-¦-e-v-]-¯-n-e-p-Å-X-v. D-b-c-¯-n-s-â A-S-n-Ø-m-\-¯-nÂ a-o-äÀ k-v-s-I-b-nÂ D-]-t-b-m-K-n-¨-v A-f-¶-v a-e-\-m-S-v-, C-S-\-m-S-v-, X-o-c-t-Z-i-w F-¶-v h-n-`-P-n-¡-p-¶ b-m-{-´-n-I-X-b-nÂ \-n-¶-v X-n-I-¨-p-w h-y-X--y-k-v-X-a-m-W-X-v.

`-q-a-n-b-nÂ a-\-p-j--y-s-â C-S-s-]-S-e-n-s-â ̂ -e-a-m-b-p-ï-m-I-p-¶ e-m-`-\-j-v-S-§-s-f A-S-n-Ø-m-\-a-m-¡-n ]-m-g-v-`-q-a-n-, I-r-j-n-`-q-a-n-, N-X-p-¸-v F-¶-n-§-s-\ h-n-`-P-n-¡-p-¶-X-v B-[-p-\-n-I `-q-a-m-t-\-P-v-s-aâ-v X-{-´-§-f-p-s-S `-m-K-a-m-W-v. s-\Â-h-bÂ-þ-X-®-oÀ-¯-S B-h-m-k-h--y-h-Ø t-e-m-I-¯-n-s-e G-ä-h-p-w D-X-v-]-m-Z-\-£-a-a-m-b P-o-h-m-`-b-h--y-h-Ø-b-m-W-v. C-¯-c-w `-q-a-n-I-f-p-s-S D-X-v-]-m-Z-\-þ-t-k-h-\-a-q-e-y-w A-f-¶-p X-n-«-s-¸-S-p-¯-n a-q-e-y-w I-W-¡-m-¡-p-¶ c-o-X-n-IÄ C-t-¸-m-g-p-ï-v. ̀ -c-W-þ-h-n-I-k-\ I-p-X-{-´-§-f-nÂ-s-]-«-v A-{-]-X-y-£-a-m-I-p-¶ B-h-m-k-h--y-h-Ø-I-s-f k-w-c-£-n-¡-m³ C-¯-c-w a-q-e--y-\-nÀ-®-b-h-p-w A-f-h-p-t-I-m-e-p-I-f-p-w B-h-i--y-a-m-W-s-{-X. [-m-\--y-w-, a-Õ--y-w-, ]-g-w-, ]-¨-¡-d-n-, I-n-g-§-v F-¶-n-h-b-p-s-S D-X-v-]-m-Z-\-w-, K-mÀ-l-n-I-þ-I-mÀ-j-n-I-þ-h-y-m-h-k-m-b-n-I B-h-i--y-§Ä-¡-p-Å P-e-k-w-`-c-W-w-, I-¶-p-I-m-e-n-¯-o-ä-, h-n-d-I-v-, \-m-c-p-IÄ-, H-u-j-[-k-k--y-§Ä X-p-S-§-n-b-h-b-p-s-S e-`--y-X F-¶-n-h "a-c-p-X-'\-n-e-¯-n-s-â t-\-c-n-«-d-n-b-m-h-p-¶ K-p-W-§-f-m-W-v. A-X-n-s-â t-k-h-\-§-f-nÂ-, I-m-e-m-h-Ø-m-\-n-b-{-´-W-w-, X-t-±-i-o-b-a-m-b k-q-£-v-a-I-m-e-m-h-Ø-b-n-e-p-Å k-z-m-[-o-\-w-, l-c-n-X-K-r-l-h-m-X-I-§-f-p-s-S k-z-o-I-c-W-w-, s-h-Å-s-¸-m-¡-w-, s-I-m-S-p-¦-m-ä-v F-¶-n-h-b-p-s-S \-n-b-{-´-W-w-, a-®-v-þ-P-e-k-w-c-£-W ]-c-n-]-m-e-\-w-, a-m-e-n-\-y-w h-e-n-s-¨-S-p-¡Â-, P-e-i-p-²-o-I-c-W-w F-¶-n-h DÄ-s-¸-S-p-¶-p.

H-«-\-h-[-n k-k--y-P-´-p-P-m-e-§Ä-¡-v B-h-m-k-s-a-m-c-p-¡-n-s-¡-m-ï-v a-q-e-I-§-f-p-s-S N-m-{-I-n-I-X-, h-n-¯-p h-n-X-c-W-w-, D-X-v-]-m-Z-\-w F-¶-n-h \-nÀ-Æ-l-n-¡-p-¶-t-X-m-s-S-m-¸-w k-m-w-k-v-¡-m-c-n-I a-q-e--y-§-f-p-w A-h-k-m-\-[À-½ a-q-e--y-\-nÀ-®-b-¯-n-\-v A-f-h-p-t-I-m-e-m-¡-p-¶-p-ï-v. A-§-s-\ I-W-¡-m-¡-n-b-mÂ DÄ-\-m-S³ s-\Â-h-bÂ-þ-X-®-oÀ-¯-S B-h--m-k-h--y-h-Ø-b-p-s-S a-q-e-y-w {-]-X-n-hÀ-j-w s-l-I-v-ä-d-n-\-v 22-,24-,350 c-q-]-b-p-w X-o-c-t-Z-i-h--y-h-Ø-b-p-t-S-X-v s-l-I-v-S-d-n-\-v 1-,07-,67-,450 c-q-]-b-p-a-m-W-s-{-X. s-F-I-y-c-m-j-v-{-S-k-`-b-p-s-S ]-c-n-Ø-n-X-n h-n-`-m-K-w X-¿-m-d-m-¡-n-b I-W-¡-m-W-n-X-v.

B A-S-n-Ø-m-\-¯-nÂ t-I-c-f-¯-n-\-v s-\Â-h-bÂ-þ-X-®-oÀ-¯-S-§Ä H-c-p hÀ-j-w \Â-I-p-¶ t-k-h-\-h-p-w h-n-`-h-h-p-w 1-,22-,868 t-I-m-S-n c-q-] h-n-e-a-X-n-¡-p-w. A-X-n-\À-°-w C-¶-v t-I-c-f-¯-n-e-p-Å 1-,60-,590 s-l-I-v-SÀ X-®-oÀ-¯-S-h-p-w 2-,34-,000 s-l-I-v-SÀ s-\Â-h-b-e-p-w \-n-e-\-nÀ-¯-n-b-mÂ-X-s-¶ \-a-p-¡-v H-m-t-c-m hÀ-j-h-p-w 1-,22-,868 t-I-m-S-n c-q-]-b-p-s-S t-k-h-\-a-q-e--y-a-m-W-v e-`-n-¡-p-I. t-e-m-I-¯-n-s-e a-ä-p X-®-oÀ-¯-S-§-f-p-s-S I-q-S-n i-c-m-i-c-n-s-h-¨-p-s-I-m-ï-m-W-v C-u a-q-e--y-\-nÀ-®-b-w. t-e-m-I-i-c-m-i-c-n-t-b-¡-mÄ c-ï-p a-q-¶-n-c-«-n t-k-h-\ a-q-e-y-a-m-W-v \-½-p-s-S \-m-«-n-s-e X-®-oÀ-¯-S-§Ä \Â-I-p-¶-X-v. A-X-m-b-X-v 2-,45-,736 t-I-m-S-n c-q-] a-p-XÂ 3-,68-,604 t-I-m-S-n c-q-]-! H-c-p X-m-c-X-a--y-¯-n-\-v t-h-ï-n 2012-þ13þ-s-e t-I-c-f-kÀ-¡-m-c-n-s-â _-P-ä-v X-p-I 68-,923-.92 t-I-m-S-n c-q-]-b-m-s-W-¶-p-w H-mÀ-¡-p-I (I-W-¡p-IÄ, tI-c-f ]-cn-Øn-Xn sF-Iy-th-Zn-bp-sS 2012þ-se ssK-

Uv-sse³-kv t^mÀ {Ko³ U-h-e-]v-saâv Hm-^v tI-c-f-bnÂ \n-¶pw).

\-n-e-h-n-e-p-Å s-\Â-h-bÂ-þ-X-®-oÀ-¯-S-§Ä \-j-v-S-a-m-¡-n-b-m-t-e-m? _-P-ä-v X-p-I F-{-X-a-S-§-v hÀ-²-n-¸-n-t-¡-ï-n-h-c-p-w-þ-I-p-S-n -s-h-Å-¯-n-\-v -, `-£--y-C-d-¡-p-a-X-n-¡-v-, K-mÀ-l-n-I-þ-h-y--m-h-k-m-b-n-I-m-h-i--y-§Ä-¡-p-Å P-e-¯-n-\-v. t-I-c-f-s-¯ s-s-Z-h-¯-n-s-â k-z-´-w \-m-S-m-¡-p-¶-X-p-X-s-¶ s-\Â-h-bÂ-þ-X-®-oÀ-¯-S B-h-m-k-h--y-h-Ø-IÄ I-q-S-n-b-m-W-v. C-h-b-n-Ã-m-s-X-, \-n-e-\-nÀ-¯-m-s-X t-I-c-f-¯-n-s-â h-n-I-k-\-w k-m-[--y-a-Ã. ]-t-£-, C-u k-¼-¶-a-m-b B-h-m-k-h--y-h-Ø-b-nÂ kÀ-¡-mÀ t-\-X-r-X--z-¯-nÂ F-´-n-s-\-m-s-¡-b-m-W-v C-t-¸-mÄ h-n-¯-n-d-¡-p-¶-X-v? h-n-a-m-\-¯-m-h-f-§Ä-, kÀ-Æ-I-e-m-i-m-e-m B-Ø-m-\-§Ä-, s-F.-S-n. h-y-h-k-m-b-§Ä-, h-y-m-]-m-c-k-a-p-¨-b-§Ä-, s-a-U-n-¡Â t-I-m-t-f-P-p-I-s-f s-h-Ã-p-¶ B-i-p-]-{-X-n k-a-p-¨-b-§Ä-, h-y-m-]-m-c-a-m-f-p-I-Ä-, ^-v-f-m-ä-p-IÄ-, h-n-Ã-IÄ-, I¬-s-h³-j³ l-m-f-p-IÄ-, S-q-d-n-Ì-v d-n-t-k-mÀ-«-p-IÄ-!

X-®-oÀ-¯-S-§-f-p-s-S \-m-i-w

A-X-n-k-¼-¶-a-m-b C-u-s-b-m-c-p B-h--m-k-h--y-h-Ø F-{-X t-h-K-¯-n-e-m-W-v \-i-n-¸-n-¨-p-s-I-m-ï-n-c-n-¡-p-¶-X-v? 2004þÂ \n¶p 2014þ-s-e-¯-p-t-¼-mÄ

50 i-X-a-m-\-w X®oÀ¯S§fpw \in¨p Ign ªp. 1975þÂ s\ÂhbepIfpsS hnkvXrXn F«pe£w slIvSdmbncp¶p. 2014þ se¯pt¼mÄ 1.97 e-£-w s-l-I-v-SÀ s-\Â-h-b-e-p-I-t-f t-I-c-f-¯-nÂ A-h-t-i-j-n-¨-n-«pÅ-p. ̀ -o-X-n-Z-a-t-Ã C-u A-h-Ø. 40 e-£-w S-®-n-e-[-n-I-w s-\-Ã-v B-h-i-y-a-p-Å-n-S-¯-v C-t-¸-m-g-s-¯ D-X-v-]-m-Z-\-w t-I-h-e-w B-d-p e-£-w S¬ a-m-{-X-a-m-W-v. `-£--y-k-p-c-£-s-b-¡-p-d-n-¨-v ]-d-b-p-¶ k-a-b-¯-p-X-s-¶ s-\Â-h-b-e-p-IÄ \-n-I-¯-m³ A-\-p-h-m-Z-w \Â-I-p-I-b-p-w s-N-¿-p-¶-p.

C-X-n-s-\-m-¸-w-X-s-¶ ̀ -o-I-c-a-m-b-n a-m-d-n-b-X-v I-mÀ-j-n-I-h-n-¹-h-w a-®-n-e-p-w s-h-Å-¯-n-e-p-w t-NÀ-¯ I-f-\-m-i-n-\-n-I-f-p-w I-o-S-\-m-i-n-\-n-I-f-p-w c-m-k-h-f-§-f-p-w D-ï-m-¡-n-b P-\-n-X-I-s-s-h-I-e--y-a-S-¡-a-p-Å B-t-c-m-K--y-{-]-i-v-\-a-m-W-v. C-u-s-b-m-c-p ]-Ý-m-¯-e-¯-n-e-m-W-v 2008þÂ s-\Â-h-bÂ-þ-X-®-oÀ-¯-S k-w-c-£-W- B-I-v-S-v t-I-c-f-\-n-b-a-k-` ]-m-k-m-¡-p-¶-X-v.

2008þ-s-e C-u B-I-v-S-v \-n-e-h-nÂ h-¶-t-i-j-w s-\Â-I-r-j-n s-N-b-v-X `-q-a-n-, a-ä-p-h-n-f-IÄ-¡-m-b-n X-mÂ-¡-m-e-n-I-a-m-b-n a-m-ä-s-¸-« `-q-a-n-, I-r-j-n s-N-¿-m-s-X X-c-n-i-m-b-n-«-n-c-n-¡-p-¶ ̀ -q-a-n F-¶-n-h I-s-ï-¯-n s-\Â-I-r-j-n-¡-v D-]-b-p-à-a-m-I-¯-¡-h-n-[-w k-w-c-£-n-¡-m-\-p-Å \-S-]-S-n-IÄ F-S-p-¡-m-s-X \-n-b-a-a-p-ï-m-¡-p-¶ 2008þ-\-v a-p-¼-v \-n-I-¯-s-¸-«-X-v F-¶ \-n-e-b-nÂ ""h-n-I-k-\-þ-\-nÀ-½-m-W-'-' {-]-hÀ-¯-\-§Ä-¡-m-b-n D-]-t-b-m-K-n-¡-m³ k-½-X-w \Â-I-W-s-a-¶ i-p-]-mÀ-i-IÄ kÀ-¡-m-c-n-\-p e-`-n-¨-p-I-g-n-ª-p. C-X-nÂ s-I-m-S-n-b N-X-n-b-p-ï-v.

A-h-k-m-\-n-¡-m-¯ ]-«-b-t-a-f H-c-p ]-mT-a-m-I-W-w

t-I-c-f-¯-n-s-â ]-Ý-n-a-L-« h-\-t-a-J-e-I-f-nÂ B-b-n-c-¡-W-¡-n-\-v G-¡À `-q-a-n F-{-X-t-b-m I-m-e-a-m-b-n I-t-¿-d-n s-h-«-n-¨-p-«-v I-Å-]-«-b-§-f-n-e-q-s-S-b-p-w s-N-¼-p-]-«-b-§-f-n-e-q-s-S-b-p-w a-s-ä-m-«-\-h-[-n X-{-´-§-f-p-]-t-b-m-K-n-¨-p-w k-z-´-s-a-¶-t-]-m-s-e-b-m-¡-n I-r-j-n-b-p-w s-I-«-n-S-\-nÀ-½-m-W-h-p-w d-n-t-k-mÀ-«-p-w S-q-d-n-k-h-p-w s-]-m-S-n-s-]-m-S-n-¡-p-I-b-m-W-v. I-t-¿-d-n-b-hÀ-s-¡-m-s-¡ c-m-j-v-{-S-o-b ]-n-´-p-W-b-p-ï-v. ]-e-c-p-w _-m-¦-p-I-f-nÂ \-n-¶-v C-¯-c-w `-q-a-n C-u-S-v \Â-I-n I-S-h-p-w h-m-§-n-b-n-«-p-ï-v. 1977þ-\-v a-p-¼-v I-t-¿-d-n-b C-¯-c-w `-q-a-n-¡-v ]-«-b-w \Â-I-m³ 1980þÂ t-I-c-f \-n-b-a-k-` s-F-I-I-W-v-t-T--y-\ \-n-b-a-a-p-ï-m-¡-n. C-u hÀ-j-a-S-¡-w 1980 a-p-XÂ ]-«-b-h-n-X-c-W-a-m-a-m-¦-§Ä A-c-t-§-d-p-¶-p-a-p-ï-v. C-¶-p-w s-I-m-S-p-¯-p X-oÀ-¶-n-«-n-Ã ]-«-b-§Ä. C-¶-v I-t-¿-d-n-b-m-e-p-w A-X-v 1977þ-\-v a-p-¼-m-¡-m-\-p-Å c-m-k-h-n-Z--y-I-s-f-m-s-¡ kÀ-¡-m-c-n-s-â h-n-h-n-[- h-I-p-¸-p-I-f-p-w c-m-j-v-{-S-o-b ]-mÀ-«-n-I-f-p-w t-NÀ-¶-v X-¿-m-d-m-¡-n-s-¡-m-Å-p-w. C-u-s-b-m-c-h-Ø s-\Â-h-bÂ-þ-X-®-oÀ-¯-S-§Ä-¡-p-w k-w-`-h-n-¡-m³ t-]-m-h-p-I-b-m-W-v. ""2008þ-\-v a-p-¼-v \-n-I-¯-s-¸-«-X-v-'-' F-¶-v s-X-f-n-b-n-¡-m-\-p-Å h-n-Z-y d-n-t-k-mÀ-«-p-I-mÀ-¡-p-w-, ^-v-f-m-ä-p \-nÀ-½-m-X-m-¡Ä-¡-p-w \-m-a-m-c-p-w D-]-t-Z-i-n-¨-p-s-I-m-S-p-t-¡-ï-X-p-a-n-Ã. A-X-n-\-mÂ \-n-e-h-n-e-p-Å X-®-oÀ-¯-S-§-f-p-w s-\Â-h-b-e-p-I-f-p-w k-w-c-£-n-¨-v A-X-n-s-â k-z-m-`-m-h-n-I D-]-t-b-m-K-¯-nÂ \-n-e-\-nÀ-¯-m-\-m-h-i--y-a-m-b IÀ-i-\-a-m-b h-y-h-Ø-IÄ D-ï-m-¡-p-I-b-m-W-v t-h-ï-X-v.

t-I-c-f-¯-n-s-e X-®-oÀ-¯-S-§-f-p-s-S k-w-c-£-W-¯-n-\-m-h-i--y-a-m-b k-a-{-K-a-m-b H-c-p \-b-w C-¶-n-Ã. A-X-v D-ï-m-I-W-w. H-m-t-c-m ]-©-m-b-¯-n-t-e-b-p-w X-®-oÀ-¯-S-§-f-p-s-S H-c-p t-c-J A-X-n-\-m-b-n B-Z--y-a-m-b-p-ï-m-¡-W-w. X-®-oÀ-¯-S-§-f-p-s-S \-m-i-¯-n-t-e-¡-v \-b-n-¡-p-¶ ]-©-m-b-¯-v X-e-¯-nÂ \-S-¡-p-¶ s-X-m-g-n-e-p-d-¸-p-t-]-m-e-p-Å ]-²-X-n-IÄ A-h-b-p-s-S k-w-c-£-W-¯-n-\-p-w t-]-m-j-W-¯-n-\-p-w D-X-I-p-w-h-n-[-w {-I-a-o-I-c-n-¡-W-w.

k-w-Ø-m-\-¯-v \-n-e-h-n-e-p-Å s-\Â-h-b-e-p-I-f-nÂ I-r-j-n s-N-¿-p-¶-X-p-w-, X-c-n-i-n-«-X-p-w-, ̀ -m-K-n-I-a-m-b-n \-n-I-¯-n-b-X-p-a-m-b-h-b-p-s-S A-f-h-v I-W-¡-m-¡-W-w. 2008þ-\-v a-p³-]-p-Å ]-¯-p hÀ-j-s-¯ ̀ -q-a-n-b-p-s-S Ø-n-X-n C-X-n-\-m-b-n t-c-J-s-¸-S-p-¯-W-w. A-X-nÂ d-ºÀ-, h-m-g-, I-¸ F-¶-n-h-¡-m-b-n a-m-ä-n-a-d-n-¨-h ]-qÀ-Æ-Ø-n-X-n-b-n-e-m-¡-W-w. s-\Â-h-b-e-nÂ s-\Â-I-r-j-n s-N-¿-m-¯-hÀ-¡-v H-c-p B-\-p-I-q-e-y-h-p-w \Â-I-c-p-X-v. a-d-n-¨-v X-®-oÀ-¯-S-§-f-p-w s-\Â-h-b-e-p-I-f-p-w k-w-c-£-n-¨-v ]-c-¼-c-m-K-X-a-m-b D-]-t-b-m-K-w \-S-¯-p-¶-hÀ-¡-v A-w-K-o-I-m-c-h-p-w t-{-]-m-Õ-m-l-\-h-p-w \Â-I-W-w. h-\-]-m-e-I-s-c-t-¸-m-s-e X-®-oÀ-¯-S-þ-s-\Â-h-bÂ ]-m-e-I-c-p-ï-m-I-W-w. A-h-c-m-W-v B-l-m-c-a-p-ï-m-¡-p-¶-X-v-, I-p-S-n-s-h-Å-w k-w-c-£-n-¡-p-¶-X-v. A-h-s-c t-]-m-ä-m-\-p-Å D-¯-c-h-m-Z-n-¯-w k-a-q-l-¯-n-\-p-ï-v-, kÀ-¡-m-c-n-\-p-ï-v.

A‑h‑e‑w‑_‑w: 1. A‑I‑\‑m‑\‑q‑d‑v 2. Guidelines for Green development of Kerala (t‑I‑c‑f ]‑c‑n‑Ø‑n‑X‑n s‑F‑I‑‑y‑t‑h‑Z‑n‑) 3. k‑q‑N‑o‑a‑p‑J‑n a‑m‑k‑n‑I h‑n‑h‑n‑[ e‑¡‑§Ä

t-I-c-f-¯-n-s-e X-®-oÀ-¯-S-§-f-p-s-S k-w-c-£-W-¯-n-\-m-h-i--y-a-m-b k-a-{-K-a-m-b

H-c-p \-b-w C-¶-n-Ã. A-X-v D-ï-m-I-W-w. H-m-t-c-m ]-©-m-b-¯-n-t-e-b-p-w X-®-oÀ-¯-S-§-f-p-s-S H-c-p t-c-J A-X-n-\-m-b-n B-Z--y-

a-m-b-p-ï-m-¡-W-w.

s-\Â-h-b-e-p-w X-®-oÀ-¯-S-§-f-p-w


-h-n.F-k-v. k-p-\-nÂ-I-p-a-mÀ F-w.FÂ.F.

B-i-¦-s-¸-t-S-ï-{-X-b-p-w I-p-d-h-p h-c-m³ t-]-m-I-p-¶-X-p-w `-m-h-n-X-e-a-p-d-IÄ

G-ä-h-p-w I-q-S-p-XÂ {-]-m-[-m-\-y-w s-I-m-S-p-¡-m³ t-]-m-I-p-¶-X-p-w a-\-p-j-y-s-â {-]-m-Y-a-n-I-m-h-i-y-§-f-m-b ̀ -£-W-¯-n-\-p-w s-h-Å-¯-n-\-p-a-m-b-n-c-n-¡-p-w F-¶-X-n-\-v XÀ-¡-a-n-Ã. A-Ã-m-s-X h-¼³ s-I-«-n-S-§Ä-t-¡-m B-U-w-_-c-h-m-l-\-§Ä-t-¡-m

H-¶-p-a-m-b-n-c-n-¡-n-Ã. C-X-n-\-v A-\-p-_-Ô-s-a-t-¶-m-W-w-, X-p-SÀ-¨-b-m-b-n-«-p-Å \-½-p-s-S k-m-¼-¯-n-I A-h-t-e-m-I-\ d-n-t-¸-mÀ-«-v ]-c-n-t-i-m-[-n-¨-mÂ s-\Â-h-b-e-n-s-â h-n-k-v-X-r-X-n I-p-d-ª-p I-p-d-ª-p h-c-n-I-b-m-W-v F-¶-v h-y-à-a-m-b-p-w a-\-Ê-n-e-m-¡-m-w. \-n-e-h-n-e-p-ï-m-b-n-c-p-¶ t-I-c-f e-mâ-v b-q-«-n-s-s-e-t-k-j³ D-¯-c-h-\-p-k-c-n-¨-m-W-v s-\Â-h-bÂ \-n-I-¯-e-p-w A-\-p-_-Ô-I-m-c-y-§-f-p-s-a-m-s-¡ \-nÀ-Æ-l-n-¡-s-¸-«-n-c-p-¶-X-v. h-f-s-c Z-pÀ-º-e-a-m-b-, ]-Ã-p-w \-J-h-p-a-n-Ã-m-s-¯-m-c-p H-mÀ-UÀ a-m-{-X-a-m-W-v A-X-v-, \-n-b-a-a-Ã. A-§-s-\-b-m-W-v C-h-n-s-S C-\-n _-m-¡-n-b-p-Å s-\Â-h-b-e-p-I-s-f-b-p-w-, t-X-m-S-p-IÄ-, I-m-b-e-p-IÄ-, I-S-t-e-m-c-§Ä-, I-ïÂ-{-]-

t-Z-i-§Ä F-¶-n-h-s-b-b-p-w k-w-c-£-n-¡-m³ IÀ-¡-i-a-m-s-b-m-c-p \-n-b-a-¯-n-s-â B-h-i-y-I-X t-_-m-[-y-s-¸-S-p-I-b-p-w 2008þÂ t-I-c-f s-\Â-h-bÂ-þ-X-®-oÀ-¯-S k-w-c-£-W B-I-v-ä-v \-n-e-h-nÂ h-c-n-I-b-p-w s-N-b-v-X-X-v. C-{-X-b-p-w k-a-{-K-a-m-s-b-m-c-p \-n-b-a-w t-I-c-f-¯-nÂ A-[-n-I-a-p-ï-m-b-n-«-n-Ã. C-u \-n-b-a-w s-I-m-ï-p-h-c-p-¶-X-n-\-p a-p³-]-p-ï-m-b-n-c-p-¶ Ø-n-X-n-s-b-´-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p F-¶-p-h-¨-mÂ-, ]-¯-p-e-£-t-¯-m-f-w s-l-I-v-SÀ s-\Â-I-r-j-n-b-p-ï-m-b-n-c-p-¶-X-v c-ï-p-e-£-t-¯-m-f-a-m-b-n N-p-c-p-§-n-b-n-c-n-¡-p-I-b-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p. C-\-n-s-b-m-c-n-©-p ̀ -q-a-n t-]-m-e-p-w \-n-I-¯-m³ A-\-p-h-Z-n-¨-p-I-q-S-m F-¶-p-s-Å-m-c-p I-m-c-y-w a-p-¶-nÂ

s-\Â-h-bÂ \-n-b-a-h-p-w U-m-ä-m-_-m-¦-p-w

Photo/G B Kiran


I-ï-m-W-v C-S-X-p-]-£ kÀ-¡-mÀ-, \-n-b-a-k-`-b-nÂ A-X-n-h-n-]-p-e-a-m-b NÀ-¨-IÄ-

¡-p-t-i-j-w G-I-I-W-vT-a-m-b-n ]-m-k-m-¡-n-b C-u \-n-b-a-w s-I-m-ï-p-h-¶-X-v.

U-m-ä-m-_-m-¦-v

C-u \-n-b-a-¯-n-s-â G-ä-h-p-w {-]-[-m-\ {-]-t-X-y-I-X U-m-ä-m-_-m-¦-v F-¶ k-w-h-n-[-m-\-a-m-W-v. {-]-[-m-\-a-m-b-p-w ]-©-m-b-¯-v-, I-r-j-n h-I-p-¸-v-, d-h-\-y-q h-I-p-¸-v F-¶-o a-q-¶-p h-n-`-m-K-§-s-f DÄ-s-¸-S-p-¯-n I-r-j-n H-m-^-o-k-d-p-s-S N-p-a-X-e-b-n-e-p-Å H-c-p I-½-n-ä-n \-n-e-h-n-e-p-Å ̀ -q-a-n-b-p-s-S L-S-\-s-b-´-m-s-W-¶-v ]-c-n-t-i-m-[-n-¡-p-¶-p. H-m-t-c-m Ø-e-h-p-w _-n.S-n.B-d-nÂ (t-_-k-n-I-v S-m-I-v-k-v c-P-n-ÌÀ-) F-§-s-\ I-n-S-¡-p-¶-p-, C-t-¸-mÄ A-X-n-s-â A-h-Ø-s-b-´-m-W-v-, A-X-n-s-\-s-´-¦-n-e-p-w a-m-ä-w h-¶-n-«-p-s-ï-¦-nÂ A-X-v F-{-X s-I-m-Ã-w-s-I-m-ï-p h-¶-X-m-W-v-, C-u a-m-ä-w h-¶-X-v \-n-b-a-{-]-I-m-c-a-m-t-W-m A-Ã-t-b-m X-p-S-§-n-b I-m-c-y-§Ä h-¨-v H-c-p t-^-mÀ-a-m-ä-v D-ï-m-¡-n B t-^-mÀ-a-m-ä-n-s-â A-S-n-Ø-m-\-¯-nÂ H-m-t-c-m `-q-a-n-b-p-w ]-c-n-t-i-m-[-n-¨-v B `-q-a-n-s-b k-w-_-Ô-n-¨-p-Å (2008þ-s-e A-h-Ø h-¨-p-Å-) Ø-n-X-n-s-b-´-m-s-W-¶-v U-m-ä-m-_-m-¦-nÂ t-c-J-s-¸-S-p-¯-p-¶-p. C-§-s-\ t-c-J-s-¸-S-p-¯-n-b-n-c-n-¡-p-¶ U-m-ä-m-_-m-¦-m-W-v C-u \-n-b-a-¯-n-s-â G-ä-h-p-w

A-S-n-Ø-m-\-a-m-b-X-v. \-n-b-a-\-nÀ-½-m-W-¯-n-s-â A-S-n-¯-d-b-m-b B U-m-ä-m-_-m-¦-m-W-v A-S-n-b-´-n-c-a-m-b-n D-ï-m-t-¡-ï-n-b-n-c-p-¶-X-v. ]-t-£-, C-X-p-ï-m-¡-p-¶ I-m-c-y-¯-nÂ A-¶-v h-o-g-v-N ]-ä-n-b-n-«-p-ï-v A-Y-h-m I-m-e-X-m-a-k-w h-¶-n-«-p-ï-v. a-q-¶-p U-n-¸-mÀ-«-p-s-aâ-p-IÄ C-X-nÂ ]-¦-m-f-n-I-f-m-t-h-ï-X-p-ï-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p. U-m-ä-m-_-m-¦-p-IÄ D-ï-m-¡-n-b-mÂ A-X-n-s-â I-c-S-v t-\-m-«-n-^-n-t-¡-j³ B-Z-y-w ]-©-m-b-¯-p-IÄ {-]-k-n-²-o-I-c-n-¡-W-w. B I-c-S-v t-\-m-«-n-^-n-t-¡-j-\-p-I-s-f-Ã-m-w H-c-p-a-n-¨-p-t-NÀ-¯-v s-s-^-\Â t-\-m-«-n-^-n-t-¡-j-\-m-b-n C-d-t-¡-ï-X-v ]-©-m-b-¯-p-IÄ X-s-¶-b-m-W-v. ]-t-£-, ]-©-m-b-¯-p-IÄ-¡-v C-u t-\-m-«-n-^-n-t-¡-j³ C-d-¡-p-h-m-\-m-h-i-y-a-m-b-n-«-p-Å ̂ -ï-v A-¶-\-p-h-Z-n-¨-n-«-p-ï-m-b-n-c-p-¶-n-Ã. C-u \-n-b-a-¯-n-s-â h-e-n-s-b-m-c-p A-]-m-I-X-b-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p A-X-v. B \-n-b-a-¯-n-s-â [-\-I-m-c-y s-a-t-½-m-d-m-ï-¯-nÂ A-X-v DÄ-s-¸-S-p-¯-n-b-n-«-p-ï-m-b-n-c-p-¶-n-Ã F-¶-X-m-h-m-w ^-ï-v A-\-p-h-Z-n-¡-m³ I-g-n-b-m-ª-X-n-s-â I-m-c-W-w. D-ï-m-¡-n-b U-m-ä-m-_-m-¦-p-I-f-n-e-m-h-s-« D-t-Z-y-m-K-ØÀ ̂ -n-k-n-¡-e-m-b-n-«-p ]-c-n-t-i-m-[-n-¡-p-¶-X-n-\-p ]-I-c-w _-n.S-n.BÀ. c-P-n-ÌÀ h-¨-m-W-v ]-c-n-t-i-m-[-n-¨-X-v. A-§-s-\-h-¶-t-¸-mÄ C-u U-m-ä-m-_-m-¦-n-s-\-¡-p-d-n-¨-v [-m-c-m-f-w ]-c-m-X-n-I-f-p-ï-m-b-n. F-¦-n-e-p-w A-¶-v A-d-p-]-X-p i-X-a-m-\-t-¯-m-f-w U-m-ä-m-_-m-¦-p-I-f-p-s-S I-c-S-v X-¿-m-d-m-¡-m³ I-g-n-ª-n-c-p-¶-p. C-t-¸-m-g-s-¯ b-p.U-n.F-^-v. kÀ-¡-m-c-n-s-â I-m-e-¯-v \-n-b-a-k-`-b-n-s-e H-c-p t-N-m-Z-y-¯-n-\-p a-d-p-]-S-n-b-m-b-n-, F¬-]-X-p i-X-a-m-\-¯-n-s-â-b-p-w

I-c-S-p-t-c-J ]-qÀ-¯-o-I-c-n-¡-s-¸-«-p I-g-n-ª-p-s-h-¶-p-w-, _-m-¡-n C-c-p-]-X-p i-X-a-m-\-¯-n-s-â ]-W-n-IÄ a-q-¶-p-a-m-k-¯-n-\-p-Å-nÂ X-oÀ-¡-m³ I-g-n-b-p-s-a-¶-p-w t-c-J-m-a-q-e-w D-d-¸-p I-n-«-n-b-n-c-p-¶-X-m-W-v. A-X-m-b-X-v U-m-ä-m-_-m-¦-p-IÄ F-Ã-m-w X-s-¶ X-¿-m-d-m-b-n-s-¡-m-ï-n-c-n-¡-p-I-b-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p. \-n-e-h-n-e-p-Å C-u \-n-b-a-{-]-I-m-c-w H-c-p `-q-a-n \-n-I-¯-p-¶-X-p X-S-b-p-I-b-p-w t-I-m-S-X-n-b-nÂ t-]-m-t-I-ï-n h-c-n-I-b-p-w s-N-b-v-X-mÂ t-I-m-S-X-n B-Z-y-w t-N-m-Z-n-¡-p-¶-X-v U-m-ä-m-_-m-¦-v F-h-n-s-S-s-b-¶-m-W-v. U-m-ä-m-_-m-¦-n-Ã-m-¯-X-p-s-I-m-ï-v ]-e t-I-k-p-I-f-p-w X-Å-n-t-¸-m-b-n-«-p-ï-v. \-n-b-a-¯-n-\-v A-X-n-s-â i-à-n a-p-g-p-h³ {-]-I-S-n-¸-n-¡-m³ I-g-n-b-m-s-X h-c-n-I-b-p-w s-N-¿-p-¶-p. \-n-e-h-n-e-p-Å I-c-S-v U-m-ä-m-_-m-¦-v C-t-¸-mÄ k-k-v-s-]â-v s-N-¿-s-¸-«-n-c-n-¡-p-I-b-m-W-v. F-¶-n-«-v ]-p-X-n-s-b-m-c-p k-a-n-X-n-b-p-ï-m-¡-n B k-a-n-X-n-s-b-s-¡-m-ï-v U-m-ä-m-_-m-¦-p-ï-m-¡-m³ X-o-c-p-a-m-\-n-¨-n-c-n-¡-p-¶-p.

A-X-m-b-X-v A-X-p-h-s-c F-S-p-¯ ]-W-n a-p-g-p-h³ ]-m-g-m-h-p-I-b-p-w A-X-p a-p-g-p-h³ h-o-ï-p-w s-N-t-¿-ï-n h-c-p-¶ A-h-Ø-b-n-t-e-s-¡-¯-p-I-b-p-w s-N-b-v-X-p. C-t-¸-mÄ t-I-c-f-¯-n-s-e C-u \-n-b-a-¯-n-s-â A-h-Ø-s-b-´-m-s-W-¶-p h-¨-mÂ U-m-ä-m-_-m-¦-v h-¶-n-«-p-a-n-Ã-, \-n-b-a-w \-S-¸-n-e-m-h-p-I-b-p-w s-N-b-v-X-p. \-n-b-a-w \-S-¸-n-e-m-¡-p-¶-X-n-\-p t-h-ï A-S-n-Ø-m-\-t-c-J ]-»-n-j-v s-N-¿-m³ ]-ä-n-b-n-«-n-Ã F-¶ \-y-q-\-X-b-m-W-v C-t-¸-m-g-p-Å-X-v. \-n-e-h-n-e-p-Å U-m-ä-m-_-m-¦-nÂ-¯-s-¶ H-c-p-]-m-S-v A-]-m-I-X-I-f-p-ï-v. A-§-s-\-h-¶-t-¸-mÄ C-u \-n-b-a-w \-S-¸-n-e-m-t-¡-ï D-t-Z-y-m-K-Ø-•-mÀ A-X-p \-S-¸-n-e-m-¡-m-X-n-c-n-¡-m-\-p-Å H-c-h-k-c-a-m-b-n C-X-n-s-\ D-]-t-b-m-K-s-¸-S-p-¯-n-s-¡-m-ï-n-c-n-¡-p-I-b-m-W-v.

\-n-b-a-t-`-Z-K-X-n-IÄ

s-k-£³ 13 {-]-I-m-c-w-, c-q-]-m-´-c-s-¸-S-p-¯-n-b


\-n-e-h-n-e-p-Å C-u \-n-b-a-{-]-I-m-c-w H-c-p `-q-a-n \-n-I-¯-p-¶-X-p X-S-b-p-I-b-p-w

t-I-m-S-X-n-b-nÂ t-]-m-t-I-ï-n h-c-n-I-b-p-w s-N-b-v-X-mÂ t-I-m-S-X-n B-Z-y-w t-N-m-Z-n-¡-p-¶-X-v U-m-ä-m-_-m-¦-v F-h-n-s-S-s-b-¶-m-W-v.

U-m-ä-m-_-m-¦-n-Ã-m-¯-X-p-s-I-m-ï-v ]-e t-I-k-p-I-f-p-w X-Å-n-t-¸-m-b-n-«-p-ï-v.

Photo/Praveen P. Mohandas


s-\Â-h-bÂ ]-qÀ-Æ-Ø-n-X-n-b-nÂ s-I-m-ï-p-h-c-p-¶-X-n-\-v I-f-I-v-SÀ-¡-v A-[-n-I-m-c-w \Â-I-n-b-n-«-p-ï-v. s-\Â-h-b-e-n-s-â-b-p-w X-®-oÀ-¯-S-¯-n-s-â-b-p-w \-nÀ-Æ-N-\-§Ä c-ï-m-W-v. s-\Â-h-b-e-nÂ \-n-¶-v a-®-v F-S-p-¸-n-¡-p-¶-X-n-\-m-W-v I-f-I-v-SÀ-¡-v A-[-n-I-m-c-a-p-Å-X-v. D-Z-m-l-c-W-¯-n-\-v R-§Ä X-r-È-qÀ N-ï-n-¸-p-e-n-¸-m-S-¯-p-\-n-¶-v a-s-®-S-p-¸-n-¨-t-¸-mÄ s-\Â-h-b-e-nÂ \-n-¶-v a-s-®-S-p-¯-p F-¶-X-n-\-p ]-I-c-w I-f-I-v-SÀ \Â-I-n-b d-n-t-¸-mÀ-«-nÂ s-h-ä-v-e-mâ-nÂ \-n-¶-p-w a-s-®-S-p-¯-p F-¶-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p ]-c-m-aÀ-i-n-¨-X-v. A-X-v t-I-m-S-X-n-b-nÂ t-]-m-b-t-¸-mÄ I-f-I-v-SÀ-¡-v A-X-n-\-p-Å A-[-n-I-m-c-a-n-Ã F-¶-p-h-¶-p. A-X-v A-¶-v R-§-f-p-s-S {-i-²-b-nÂ-s-¸-«-t-¸-mÄ "s-\Â-h-bÂ A-Y-h-m X-®-oÀ-¯-S-w" F-¶-v \-n-b-a-t-`-Z-K-X-n h-c-p-¯-n \-n-b-a-s-¯ H-¶-p-I-q-S-n i-à-n-s-¸-S-p-¯-n.

\-n-b-a-¯-n-s-â C-w-¹-n-s-aâ-v H-m-^-o-kÀ BÀ.U-n.H. (d-h-\-y-q U-n-h-n-j-WÂ H-m-^-o-kÀ-)

B-W-v. A-t-¸-mÄ F-h-n-s-S-s-b-¦-n-e-p-w A-\-[-n-I-r-X-a-m-b-n \-n-I-¯Â \-S-¡-p-¶-p F-¶-d-n-ª-mÂ h-n-t-Ã-P-v H-m-^-o-kÀ BÀ.U-n.H.¡-p d-n-t-¸-mÀ-«-v s-N-b-v-X-v BÀ.U-n.H. h-¶-X-n-\-p-t-i-j-w t-h-W-w D-]-I-c-W-§Ä ]-n-S-n-s-¨-S-p-¡-m³. A-§-s-\-b-p-Å A-h-k-c-§-f-nÂ \-n-b-a-s-¯ H-¶-p-I-q-S-n i-à-n-s-¸-S-p-¯-p-¶-X-n-\-m-b-n h-n-t-Ã-P-v H-m-^-o-kÀ-¡-p-w \-n-b-a-h-n-c-p-²-a-m-b \-n-I-¯-e-n-t-eÀ-s-¸-«-n-c-n-¡-p-¶ D-]-I-c-W-§Ä ]-n-S-n-s-¨-S-p-¡-p-¶-X-n-\-p-Å A-[-n-I-m-c-w \Â-I-n-s-¡-m-ï-v \-n-b-a-t-`-Z-K-X-n h-c-p-¯-n.

N-p-c-p-¡-¯-nÂ C-u \-n-b-a-w I-p-ä-a-ä-X-m-¡-p-¶-X-n-\-p-Å {-]-hÀ-¯-\-§-s-f-Ã-m-w \-S-¶-n-«-p-ï-v. B \-n-b-a-w h-¨-p-s-I-m-ï-p-X-s-¶ ]-e-b-n-S-¯-p-\-n-¶-p-w A-S-n-¨ a-®-v F-S-p-¡-m³ I-g-n-ª-n-«-p-ï-v. U-m-ä-m-_-m-¦-n-s-Ã-¦-n-e-p-w A-X-v \-S-¸-m-¡-p-¶ D-t-Z-y-m-K-ØÀ h-n-N-m-c-n-¨-mÂ \-S-¡-p-s-a-¶-X-n-s-â s-X-f-n-h-m-W-v X-r-È-qÀ N-ï-n-¸-p-e-n-¸-m-S-¯-p-\-n-¶-p-w

6800 t-e-m-U-v a-®-v X-n-c-n-s-¨-S-p-¸-n-¡-m³ I-g-n-ª-X-v. s-s-l-t-¡-m-S-X-n-b-nÂ \-n-¶-p-w D-¯-c-s-h-m-s-¡ h-m-§-n-b-m-W-v A-X-v s-N-b-v-X-X-v. ]-t-£-, C-t-¸-mÄ 450þÂ A-[-n-I-w t-I-k-p-I-f-p-w \-n-I-¯-p-¶-hÀ-¡-\-p-I-q-e-a-m-b-n h-n-[-n-h-c-m-\-p-Å I-m-c-W-w C-u U-m-ä-m-_-m-¦-p-I-f-p-s-S A-`-m-h-w X-s-¶-b-m-W-v. kÀ-¡-m-c-m-s-W-¦-nÂ ]-p-X-n-b U-m-ä-m-_-m-¦-p-ï-m-¡-m-s-\-¶ t-]-c-nÂ C-t-¸-m-g-p-Å-s-X-Ã-m-w d-±-v s-N-b-v-X-n-c-n-¡-p-I-b-m-W-v.

\-n-b-{-´-W-§-f-p-w k-m-²-y-X-I-f-p-w

s-]-m-X-p B-h-i-y-¯-n-\-m-b-n \-n-e-w \-n-I-¯-p-¶-X-n-t-\-m ]-c-n-hÀ-¯-\-s-¸-S-p-¯-p-¶-X-n-t-\-m {-]-m-t-Z-i-n-I-X-e \-n-c-o-£-W-k-a-n-X-n-b-p-s-S i-p-]-mÀ-i-{-]-I-m-c-w k-w-Ø-m-\-X-e-k-a-n-X-n ]-c-n-t-i-m-[-n-¨-v B {-]-t-Z-i-¯-v-, s-\Â-h-bÂ A-Ã-m-¯ a-s-ä-m-c-p Ø-e-w e-`-y-a-m-t-W-m F-¶-p-w s-\Â-h-bÂ \-n-I-¯-p-¶-X-p-a-q-e-w D-ï-m-I-m-h-p-¶ ]-m-c-n-Ø-n-X-n-I-h-y-X-n-b-m-\-§-s-f k-w-_-Ô-n-¨-p-w h-n-i-Z-a-m-b-n ]-c-n-t-i-m-[-\ \-S-¯-n d-n-t-¸-mÀ-«-v \Â-t-I-ï-X-m-W-v. C-u d-n-t-¸-mÀ-«-n-s-\ A-S-n-Ø-m-\-a-m-¡-n B-h-i-y-s-a-¦-nÂ \-n-e-w \-n-I-¯-p-¶-X-n-\-v kÀ-¡-m-c-n-\-v A-[-n-I-m-c-a-p-ï-v. h-y-à-n-I-s-f k-w-_-Ô-n-¨-m-s-W-¦-nÂ-, s-\Â-h-b-e-n-s-â D-S-a-Ø-\-v X-m-a-k-n-¡-p-¶-X-n-\-p h-o-S-p-h-b-v-¡-p-¶-X-n-\-p t-h-ï-n ]-©-m-b-¯-p ]-c-n-[-n-b-nÂ ]-¯-p-s-kâ-p-w a-p-\-n-k-n-¸-m-e-n-ä-n/t-I-mÀ-¸-t-d-j-\-nÂ A-©-p-s-kâ-p-w

\-n-e-w \-n-I-¯-p-¶-X-n-\-v \-n-_-Ô-\-I-t-f-m-s-S A-\-p-h-m-Z-w \Â-I-m-h-p-¶-X-m-W-v (]-t-£-, d-m-w-k-mÀ {-]-t-Z-i-a-m-b t-I-mÄ-¸-m-S-w C-§-s-\ \-n-I-¯-m-\-m-h-n-Ã-). A-X-m-b-X-v kÀ-¡-m-c-n-s-â h-f-s-c {-]-[-m-\-s-¸-« s-]-m-X-p-h-m-b h-n-I-k-\-{-]-hÀ-¯-\-§Ä-t-¡-m h-y-à-n-I-f-p-s-S h-o-S-p-h-b-v-¡-p-¶-X-n-\-p-Å A-h-I-m-i-¯-n-t-\-m C-u \-n-b-a-w H-c-p X-S-Ê-a-Ã.

a-s-ä-m-c-p ]-c-m-X-n-b-p-Å-X-v-, I-p-s-d hÀ-j-a-m-b-n \-n-I-¶-p-I-n-S-¡-p-¶ `-q-a-n-b-m-s-W-¦-n-e-p-w _-n.S-n.B-d-nÂ \-n-I-¶-`-q-a-n-b-Ã ]-m-S-a-m-b-X-p-s-I-m-ï-v A-h-n-s-S \-nÀ-½-m-W-w \-S-¯-m³ ]-ä-p-¶-n-Ã-, A-X-v C-u \-n-b-a-¯-n-s-â \-y-q-\-X-b-m-W-v F-¶-m-W-v. F-¶-mÂ C-u ]-c-m-X-n A-S-n-Ø-m-\-c-l-n-X-a-m-W-v. C-u \-n-b-a-¯-n-s-e U-m-ä-m-_-m-¦-v D-ï-m-¡-n-¡-g-n-ª-mÂ A-X-nÂ C-u ̀ -q-a-n C-{-X hÀ-j-w a-p³-]-v c-q-]-t-`-Z-w h-c-p-¯-n-b-X-m-s-W-¶-v t-c-J-s-¸-S-p-¯-n D-t-Z-y-m-K-Ø-•-mÀ-¡-v t-\-c-n-«-p I-ï-v t-_-m-²-y-s-¸-«-mÂ B Ø-e-w -'\-n-I-¯-n-b `-q-a-n-' F-¶-m-¡-n U-m-ä-m-_-m-¦-n-e-pÄ-s-¸-S-p-¯-m-w. C-\-n C-§-s-\ U-m-ä-m-_-m-¦-nÂ \-n-I-¯-n-b `-q-a-n F-¶-pÄ-s-¸-S-p-¯-n-b-n-«-n-s-Ã-¦-nÂ t-]-m-e-p-w-, I-c-S-p t-c-J {-]-k-n-²-o-I-c-n-¡-p-¶ L-«-¯-nÂ D-S-a-Ø-•-mÀ-¡-v A-X-nÂ ]-c-m-X-n-s-¸-«-p-s-I-m-ï-v A-X-nÂ h-o-ï-p-w a-m-ä-w h-c-p-¯-n-¡-m-\-p-Å k-w-h-n-[-m-\-w C-u \-n-b-a-{-]-I-m-c-w D-ï-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p. C-u \-n-b-a-w I-r-X-y-a-m-b-n \-S-¸-m-¡-p-I-b-m-s-W-¦-nÂ-, C-t-¸-m-g-s-¯ A-h-Ø-b-nÂ

s-\Â-h-b-e-n-s-â D-S-a-Ø-\-v X-m-a-k-n-¡-p-¶-X-n-\-p h-o-S-p-h-b-v-¡-p-¶-X-n-\-p t-h-ï-n ]-©-m-b-¯-p ]-c-n-[-n-b-nÂ

]-¯-p-s-kâ-p-w a-p-\-n-k-n-¸-m-e-n-ä-n/t-I-mÀ-¸-t-d-j-\-nÂ A-©-p-s-kâ-p-w \-n-e-w

\-n-I-¯-p-¶-X-n-\-v \-n-_-Ô-\-I-t-f-m-s-S A-\-p-h-m-Z-w \Â-I-m-h-p-¶-X-m-W-v


\-½-p-s-S \-m-«-n-e-p-Å t-I-mÄ-¸-m-S-§Ä-, ]-p-©-¸-m-S-§Ä-, t-X-m-S-p-IÄ-, I-p-f-§Ä-,

X-®-oÀ-¯-S-§Ä-, ]-m-S-t-i-J-c-§Ä-, X-p-S-§-n i-c-n-b-m-w-h-®-w C-t-¸-mÄ I-r-j-n s-N-¿-m³ I-g-n-b-m-h-p-¶-X-p-w-, I-r-j-n s-N-b-v-X-p-s-I-m-ï-n-c-n-¡-p-¶-X-p-w-, t-h-W-s-a-¶-p-h-n-N-m-c-n-¨-mÂ I-r-j-n s-N-¿-m-h-p-¶-X-p-a-m-b ̀ -q-a-n-I-s-f-Ã-m-w ]-c-n-]-qÀ-®-a-m-b-n-«-v k-w-c-£-n-¡-s-¸-S-p-I-b-p-w I-m-e-§-f-m-b-n-«-v _-n.S-n.B-d-nÂ \-n-e-s-a-¶ t-]-c-n-e-d-n-b-s-¸-S-p-I-b-p-w F-¶-mÂ b-Y-mÀ-°-¯-nÂ \-n-I-¯-n s-X-s-§-m-s-¡-b-m-b-n ]-p-c-b-n-S-a-m-b-n \-nÂ-¡-p-¶ `-q-a-n-s-b d-m-ä-n-s-s-^ s-N-b-v-X-v I-c-`-q-a-n-b-m-¡-n s-I-m-S-p-¡-p-I-b-p-w s-N-¿-p-¶ k-w-h-n-[-m-\-a-m-W-v U-m-ä-m-_-m-¦-p-h-g-n D-ï-m-¡-n-b-n-«-p-Å-X-v. C-u \-n-b-a-{-]-I-m-c-w _-n.S-n.B-d-n-e-p-Å-, c-q-]-a-m-ä-w h-c-p-¯-n-b ]-e ̀ -q-a-n-I-f-n-e-p-w \-nÀ-½-m-W-w \-S-¯-m³ I-g-n-b-n-Ã F-¶ \-y-q-\-X-b-p-ï-v F-¶-p ]-d-b-p-¶-X-v C-u \-n-b-a-s-¯ A-«-n-a-d-n-¡-m³ t-h-ï-n ]-d-b-p-¶ {-]-N-m-c-W-a-m-W-v. C-u \-n-b-a-¯-n-s-â F-Ã-m-w k-q-£-v-a-m-w-i-§-f-p-w \-n-b-a-k-` NÀ-¨-s-N-b-v-X-v F-Ã-m {-]-i-v-\-§Ä-¡-p-w ]-c-n-l-m-c-a-p-ï-m-¡-n-b-n-«-p-Å-X-m-W-v. C-u \-n-b-a-w h-f-s-c-b-[-n-I-w I-r-X-y-X-b-p-Å-X-m-W-v. t-h-W-s-a-¦-nÂ-, {-]-m-t-b-m-K-n-I-a-m-b-n F-s-´-¦-n-e-p-w s-N-d-n-b _-p-²-n-a-p-«-p-I-f-p-s-ï-¦-nÂ-, t-\-c-t-¯ k-q-N-n-¸-n-¨-X-p t-]-m-e-p-Å \-n-b-a-t-`-Z-K-X-n-IÄ h-c-p-¯-m-h-p-¶

I-m-c-y-t-a-b-p-Å-q.

A-«-n-a-d-n-¡-s-¸-S-p-¶ \-n-b-a-w

C-t-¸-mÄ h-y-h-k-m-b-t-a-J-e-b-p-a-m-b-n _-Ô-s-¸-« t-e-m-_-n C-u \-n-b-a-s-¯ A-«-n-a-d-n-¡-p-¶-X-n-\-p-t-h-ï-n {-i-a-n-¨-p-s-I-m-ï-n-c-n-¡-p-I-b-m-W-v. G-ä-h-p-w {-]-[-m-\ D-Z-m-l-c-W-w-, B-d-•-p-f h-n-a-m-\-¯-m-h-f-¯-n-s-â h-n-j-b-a-m-W-v. A-X-p-t-]-m-e-p-Å ]-e ]-²-X-n-IÄ-¡-p-w X-®-oÀ-¯-S-§Ä \-n-I-¯-m-\-p-w a-ä-p-w C-u \-n-b-a-w X-S-Ê-a-m-b-n

\-nÂ-¡-p-I-b-m-W-v. A-X-p-s-I-m-ï-v h-y-m-h-k-m-b-n-t-I-m-t-±-i-y-h-p-a-m-b-n _-Ô-s-¸-«-v H-c-p t-b-m-K-w h-n-f-n-¨-p-I-q-«-n-, C-u \-n-b-a-¯-n-s-â D-t-±-i-y-e-£-y-§-s-f t-N-m-Z-y-w s-N-¿-p-a-m-d-v H-c-p I-½-n-ä-n-b-p-ï-m-¡-n-, h-y-m-h-k-m-b-n-I D-]-t-b-m-K-¯-n-\-p t-h-ï-n C-u \-n-b-a-¯-nÂ t-`-Z-K-X-n h-c-p-¯-m-\-p-w-,

I-r-j-n h-I-p-¸-n-s-â A-\-p-a-X-n-b-n-Ã-m-s-X G-I-]-£-o-b-a-m-b-n kÀ-¡-m-c-n-s-â `-m-K-¯-p-\-n-¶-p-w H-c-p \-o-¡-a-p-ï-m-b-n. B \-o-¡-¯-n-s-â ̀ -m-K-a-m-b-n-«-m-W-v \-n-e-h-n-e-p-Å U-m-ä-m-_-m-¦-v k-k-v-s-]â-v s-N-b-v-X-X-v. C-X-v d-±-m-¡-n-s-b-¶-p-a-m-{-X-a-Ã-, ]-p-X-n-b U-m-ä-m-_-m-¦-v D-ï-m-¡-m-\-m-b-n {-i-a-n-¡-p-t-¼-mÄ-, 2008-þ-\-p t-i-j-w A-\-[-n-I-r-X-a-m-b-n \-n-I-¯-n-b ̀ -q-a-n-b-p-w \-n-I-¯-p-`-q-a-n-b-m-b-n-«-p d-m-ä-n-s-s-^ s-N-b-v-X-p-s-I-m-S-p-¡-m³ {-i-a-n-¡-p-I-b-m-W-v. C-t-¸-mÄ \-n-I-¯-n-s-¡-m-ï-n-c-n-¡-p-¶ ̀ -q-a-n-b-p-w-, U-m-ä-m-_-m-¦-v \-n-e-\-nÂ-¡-m-¯ I-m-c-W-¯-mÂ-, a-p³-]-v \-n-I-¯-n-b-X-m-s-W-¶-v t-c-J-b-p-ï-m-¡-n \-n-b-a-{-]-I-m-c-a-m-s-W-¶-v h-c-p-¯-m-\-p-Å {-i-a-a-m-W-v. s-\Â-h-bÂ-þ-X-®-oÀ-¯-S-\-n-b-a-w s-I-m-ï-p-h-¶-X-n-s-â b-Y-mÀ-° D-t-±-i-y-w F-´-m-t-W-m A-X-n-\-p h-n-c-p-²-a-m-b-n-«-p-s-Å-m-c-p \-o-¡-a-m-W-v t-I-c-f-¯-n-e-n-t-¸-mÄ \-S-¶-p-s-I-m-ï-n-c-n-¡-p-¶-X-v.

t-I-c-f-¯-n-s-e I-r-j-n-b-p-s-S `-m-h-n

t-I-c-f-¯-n-s-e I-mÀ-j-n-I-t-a-J-e-b-v-¡-v ̀ -£-y-k-p-c-£-b-p-s-S I-m-c-y-¯-nÂ h-e-n-b {-]-k-à-n-b-m-W-p-Å-X-v. ]-t-£-, C-h-n-s-S kÀ-¡-mÀ s-I-m-ï-p-h-c-p-¶ ]-e c-o-X-n-I-f-p-w h-f-s-c {-]-X-n-t-e-m-a-I-c-a-m-W-v. D-Z-m-l-c-W-¯-n-\-v-, s-\Â-I-r-j-n-b-p-s-S h-n-k-v-X-r-X-n h-f-s-c-b-[-n-I-w I-p-d-ª-p. ]-t-£-, k-a-{-K-

s-\Â-h-bÂ-þ-X-®-oÀ-¯-S-\-n-b-a-w s-I-m-ï-p-h-¶-X-n-s-â b-Y-mÀ-° D-t-±-i-y-w

F-´-m-t-W-m A-X-n-\-p h-n-c-p-²-a-m-b-n-«-p-s-Å-m-c-p \-o-¡-a-m-W-v t-I-c-f-¯-n-e-n-t-¸-mÄ \-S-¶-p-s-I-m-ï-n-c-n-¡-p-¶-X-v.


Photo/Praveen P. Mohandas


a-m-b s-\Â-I-r-j-n-h-n-I-k-\-¯-n-\-p-t-h-ï H-c-p ]-²-X-n-b-p-w {-]-X-y-£-¯-n-t-e-m ]-t-c-m-£-a-m-t-b-m B-h-n-j-v-I-c-n-¡-p-¶-n-Ã. A-X-n-t-\-ä-h-p-w B-h-i-y-a-m-b-X-v P-e-t-k-N-\ a-m-t-\-P-v-s-aâ-m-W-v. s-\Â-I-r-j-n F-¶-X-v P-e-¯-n-s-â e-`-y-X-s-b-b-p-w {-I-a-o-I-c-W-s-¯-b-p-w B-{-i-b-n-¨-n-c-n-¡-p-¶-p. \-½-p-s-S k-w-Ø-m-\-s-¯ H-mÀ-K-s-s-\-k-v-U-v B-b-n I-r-j-n \-S-¡-p-¶ t-I-mÄ-t-a-J-e-b-n-s-e-m-g-n-¨-v DÄ-{-]-t-Z-i-§-f-n-s-e ]-ï-p I-r-j-n-b-p-ï-m-b-n-c-p-¶ X-p-ï-w-X-p-ï-a-m-b-n-«-p-Å s-N-d-p-`-q-a-n-IÄ \-n-I-¯-n-t-¸-m-b-X-n-s-\-¯-p-SÀ-¶-v A-X-n-s-e s-h-Å-¯-n-s-â K-a-\-\-nÀ-¤-a-\ k-w-h-n-[-m-\-§Ä X-I-c-m-d-n-e-m-b-n-t-¸-m-b-X-n-\-p-t-i-j-w-, C-u Ø-e-§-f-n-s-e-m-¶-p-w I-r-j-n \-S-¯-m³ ]-ä-m-s-X I-n-S-¡-p-¶-p-ï-v. H-m-t-c-m ]-©-m-b-s-¯-S-p-¯-p ]-c-n-t-i-m-[-n-¨-m-e-p-w A-¼-X-p-w \-q-d-p-w a-p-XÂ c-ï-m-b-n-c-w G-¡-d-p-IÄ h-s-c X-c-n-i-n-«-n-c-n-¡-p-¶ Ø-e-§-f-p-ï-v. C-u ]-©-m-b-̄ -p-I-s-f-Ã-m-w G-s-X-¶-v I-s-ï-̄ -n A-h-n-t-S-b-v-¡-p-t-h-ï P-e-t-k-N-\-]-²-X-n-IÄ s-I-m-ï-p-h-c-m³ kÀ-¡-mÀ H-c-p N-n-Ã-n-¡-m-i-p-t-]-m-e-p-w s-N-e-h-m-¡-p-¶-n-Ã. C-d-n-t-K-j³ U-n-̧ -mÀ-«-p-s-aâ-n-\-p-t-h-ï-n H-c-p \-b-m-s-s-]-k s-N-e-h-m-¡-p-¶-n-Ã. \-½-p-s-S t-X-m-S-p-I-t-f-m I-\-m-e-p-I-t-f-m k-w-c-£-n-¡-m-\-p-Å H-c-p ]-²-X-n-b-p-w \-a-p-¡-n-Ã. A-t-X-k-a-b-w-, h-f-s-c h-n-i-m-e-a-m-b I-r-j-n-Ø-e-§-f-p-Å \-½-p-s-S

A-bÂ k-w-Ø-m-\-§-f-n-e-m-I-s-« A-h-s-b k-w-c-£-n-¡-m³ h-f-s-c i-à-a-m-b \-n-b-a-§-f-p-ï-v. A-X-p-s-I-m-ï-v-, X-c-n-i-m-b-n-¡-n-S-¡-p-¶ C-u Ø-e-§Ä I-r-j-n s-N-¿-m³ ]-ä-m-s-X "s-s-h-k-v b-q-k-v H-m-̂ -v s-h-ä-v-e-mâ-v" F-¶ B-i-b-̄ -n-\-p h-n-c-p-²-a-m-b-n C-X-v I-m-S-p-I-b-d-n P-\-§Ä-¡-v ]-c-n-]-qÀ-® {-]-t-b-m-P-\-a-n-Ã-m-̄ c-o-X-n-b-n-t-e-¡-n-X-p a-m-d-p-I-b-m-W-v. A-§-s-\-b-m-h-p-t-¼-mÄ P-\-w N-n-́ -n-¡-p-¶-X-v-, C-X-p s-h-d-p-s-X ]-W-n-b-m-s-X I-n-S-¡-p-¶ \-n-e-a-t-Ã-, C-X-p-s-I-m-s-ï-́ -m {-]-t-b-m-P-\-w F-¶-m-W-v. C-X-n-s-â ]-c-n-Ø-n-X-n-{-]-m-[-m-\-y-w P-\-§-s-f k-w-_-Ô-n-̈ -v A-d-n-b-n-Ã. -̀£-y-k-p-c-£ F-¶-X-n-\-̧ -p-d-w I-p-S-n-s-h-Å-w

\Â-I-p-¶-, A-X-m-b-X-v -̀q-KÀ-̀ P-e-̄ -n-s-â d-o-N-mÀ-P-n-§-p-w s-h-Å-s-̧ -m-¡-\-n-b-{-́ -W-h-p-a-S-¡-w A-h \Â-I-p-¶ ]-m-c-n-Ø-n-X-n-I-t-k-h-\-§Ä G-ä-h-p-w {-]-[-m-\-s-̧ -«-X-m-W-v. A-t-X-k-a-b-w-, k-P-o-h-a-m-s-b-m-c-p I-r-j-n-b-n-t-e-¡-v C-u Ø-e-§-s-f s-I-m-ï-p-h-c-n-I-b-m-s-W-¦-nÂ P-\-§Ä k-z-m-̀ -m-h-n-I-a-m-b-p-w A-X-n-s-\ k-w-c-£-n-¡-m³ X-¿-m-d-m-h-p-w. t-I-mÄ-̧ -m-S-§Ä-¡-p ]-p-d-t-a G-I-t-Z-i-w A-X-n-s-â \-m-e-n-s-e-m-t-¶-m A-s-Ã-¦-nÂ ]-I-p-X-n-t-b-m-f-t-a-m h-c-p-¶ t-I-c-f-̄ -n-s-e DÄ-{-]-t-Z-i-§-f-n-s-e s-\Â-I-r-j-n-s-b X-n-c-n-̈ -p-s-I-m-ï-p-h-c-m-\-p-Å {-i-a-w kÀ-¡-m-c-p-I-f-p-s-S ̀ -m-K-̄ -p-\-n-¶-p-w D-ï-m-I-W-w. A-§-s-\-h-¶-mÂ I-r-j-n-b-n-S-§-f-p-s-S h-n-k-v-X-r-

X-n-b-p-w-, D-X-v-]-m-Z-\-h-p-w C-t-̧ -m-g-p-Å-X-n-t-\-¡-m-f-p-w hÀ-²-n-¡-p-w.

a-s-ä-m-c-p I-c-¡-r-j-n-b-m-b s-X-§-v \-a-p-¡-v \-j-v-S-s-̧ -«-p-t-]-m-b-n. A-X-p \-j-v-S-s-̧ -S-m-\-p-Å {-]-[-m-\ I-m-c-W-w A-X-n-s-â a-q-e-y-hÀ-²-n-X D-X-v-]-¶-§Ä (value added products) D-ï-m-¡-p-¶ I-m-c-y-̄ -nÂ t-I-c-f-w X-n-I-ª ]-c-m-P-b-a-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p F-¶-X-m-W-v. s-h-f-n-s-̈ -®-b-p-ï-m-¡-p-I F-¶-X-Ã-m-s-X A-X-n-s-â A-̧ -p-d-t-̄ -¡-v N-n-́ -n-̈ -n-t-«-b-n-Ã. C-t-̧ -mÄ A-́ -m-c-m-j-v-{-S \-n-e-h-m-c-̄ -nÂ I-c-n-¡-n³ s-h-Å-h-p-w a-ä-p ]-e D-X-v-]-¶-§-f-p-w D-ï-m-¡-p-¶ I-¼-\-n-IÄ \-n-e-h-nÂ h-¶-n-«-p-ï-v. ]-t-£-, A-t-̧ -m-t-g-¡-p-w s-X-§-p-I-f-[-n-I-h-p-w t-I-S-m-h-p-I-b-p-w F-®-w I-p-d-b-p-I-b-p-w s-N-b-v-X-p. t-I-c-f-̄ -n-s-e c-ï-v I-mÀ-j-n-I D-X-v-]-¶-§-f-n-e-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p G-ä-h-p-w I-q-S-p-XÂ K-t-h-j-W-h-p-w h-n-I-k-\-h-p-w D-ï-m-t-h-ï-n-b-n-c-p-¶-X-v-, s-\-Ã-p-w s-X-§-p-w. ]-t-£-, h-m-k-v-X-h-̄ -nÂ t-I-{-µ-o-I-c-n-̈ -X-v \-m-W-y-h-n-f-I-f-n-e-m-W-v. t-I-{-µ-kÀ-¡-mÀ [-m-c-m-f-w ̂ -ï-v A-X-nÂ t-I-{-µ-o-I-c-n-̈ -t-̧ -mÄ t-Ì-ä-v t-Ì-ä-n-s-â D-̄ -c-h-m-Z-n-̄ -w s-N-b-v-X-n-Ã. s-\-Ã-n-s-â I-m-c-y-̄ -nÂ t-Ì-ä-v {-i-²-n-̈ -X-v t-d-j-\-c-n h-m-t-§-ï I-m-c-y-̄ -nÂ a-m-{-X-a-m-W-v. C-h-n-s-S k-z-́ -a-m-b-n D-X-v-]-m-Z-\-a-p-ï-m-¡-m-\-p-Å I-m-c-y-s-a-m-¶-p-w t-Ì-ä-v s-N-b-v-X-n-Ã. A-§-s-\ h-¶-t-̧ -mÄ s-\-Ã-n-s-â D-X-v-]-m-Z-\-w I-p-d-b-p-I-b-m-W-v s-N-b-v-X-X-v-, I-m-c-W-w \-a-p-¡-v t-d-j-\-c-n I-n-«-n-s-¡-m-t-ï-b-n-c-n-¡-p-¶-p. D-X-v-]-m-Z-\-

-̄IÀ-̈ s-\-Ã-n-s-â I-m-c-y-̄ -nÂ A-X-n-̀ -o-I-c-a-m-b-n-c-p-s-¶-¦-n-e-p-w d-ºÀ I-r-j-n-b-p-s-S h-n-k-v-X-r-X-n ]-X-n-s-\-m-¶-p a-S-§-v hÀ-²-n-̈ -p F-¶-X-v {-]-t-X-y-I-w {-i-²-n-¡-W-w. \-m-W-y-h-n-f-IÄ-¡-v t-I-{-µ-K-h¬-

s-aâ-n-s-â t-{-]-m-Õ-m-l-\-̄ -n-t-â-b-p-w H-̧ -w X-s-¶ I-mÀ-j-n-I-h-n-f-IÄ-¡-p-t-\-s-c-b-p-Å t-Ì-ä-n-s-â \-n-c-p-̄ -c-h-m-Z-n-̄ -̄ -n-t-â-b-p-w s-X-f-n-h-m-W-X-v.

P-\-{-]-X-n-\-n-[-n-I-f-p-s-S ]-¦-v

P-\-{-]-X-n-\-n-[-n-IÄ-¡-v C-u h-n-j-b-̄ -nÂ H-c-p-]-m-S-v s-N-¿-m³ I-g-n-b-p-s-a-¦-n-e-p-w {-]-[-m-\ ]-c-n-a-n-X-n-s-b-s-́ -¶-mÂ-, A-hÀ-¡-v k-z-́ -a-m-b H-c-p ]-²-X-n \-S-̧ -n-e-m-¡-p-I F-¶-X-v A-k-m-²-y-w X-s-¶-b-m-W-v. A-hÀ-¡-v ]-e-t-̧ -m-g-p-w kÀ-¡-mÀ B-h-n-j-v-I-r-X-]-²-X-n-I-f-p-s-S ]-p-d-I-nÂ \-nÂ-¡-m-t-\ k-m-[-n-¡-p-¶-p-Å-q. k-z-́ -a-m-b-n H-c-p ]-²-X-n s-I-m-ï-p-h-c-m³ {-i-a-n-̈ -mÂ-̄ -s-¶-, A-X-v A-h-k-m-\-w kÀ-¡-m-c-n-s-â ]-²-X-n-b-m-b-n a-m-d-p-w. A-t-̧ -mÄ A-h-c-p-s-S X-m-e-v-]-c-y-§-f-p-w I-q-S-n A-X-n-e-pÄ-s-̧ -S-p-w. A-h-c-p-s-S I-¿-n-e-p-Å s-{-]-m-P-I-v-ä-p-IÄ-¡-\-p-k-r-X-a-m-b-n \-½-p-s-S B-i-b-§-s-f c-q-]-t-̀ -Z-w h-c-p-̄ -p-w. C-X-nÂ ]-e-X-p-w -̂ï-v s-N-¿-p-¶-X-v t-hÄ-U-v _-m-¦-p-w-, G-j-y³ s-U-h-e-]-v-s-aâ-v _-m-¦-p-w-, s-F.F-w.F-̂ -p-s-a-m-s-¡-b-m-W-v. A-t-̧ -mÄ C-h-s-b-m-s-¡ {-]-m-hÀ-̄ -n-I-a-m-¡-p-t-¼-mÄ C-h-c-p-s-S X-m-e-v-]-c-y-§Ä-¡-\-p-k-r-X-a-m-t-b \-S-¡-q.

\-nÀ-t-±-i-§Ä

C-u \-n-b-a-w \-S-̧ -n-e-m-¡-m³ B-ß-mÀ-°-a-m-b-p-w X-m-e-v-]-c-y-a-p-s-ï-¦-nÂ kÀ-¡-mÀ s-N-t-¿-ï I-m-c-y-§Ä C-h-b-m-W-v:1-) d-±-m-¡-n-b U-m-ä-m-_-m-¦-v ]-p-\:Ø-m-]-n-̈ -v-, A-X-n-s-e \-y-q-\-X-IÄ ]-c-n-l-c-n-̈ -v ]-qÀ-®-a-m-b c-o-X-n-b-nÂ {-]-k-n-²-o-I-c-n-¡-p-I. 2-) I-p-ä-a-ä-c-o-X-n-b-nÂ C-X-n-s-â d-qÄ \-nÀ-½-n-¡-p-I.3-) C-X-n-s-â U-m-ä-m-_-m-¦-n-s-â t-\-m-«-n-̂ -n-t-¡-j-\-m-h-i-y-a-m-b ]-W-w ]-©-m-b-̄ -p-IÄ-¡-\-p-h-Z-n-̈ -p-s-I-m-ï-v _-P-ä-v A-t-e-m-t-¡-j³ D-ï-m-¡-p-I.

C-u a-q-¶-p-I-m-c-y-§-f-p-w s-N-b-v-X-p-I-g-n-ª-mÂ C-u \-n-b-a-w G-ä-h-p-w I-r-X-y-a-m-b-n \-S-̧ -m-¡-m³ I-g-n-b-p-w.

t-I-c-f-̄ -nÂ I-g-n-ª c-ï-p-a-q-¶-p hÀ-j-§Ä-¡-p-Å-nÂ-̄ -s-¶ 20-,000 s-l-I-v-S-d-n-e-[-n-I-w -̀q-a-n-b-m-W-v c-q-]-a-m-ä-w h-c-p-̄ -n-b-X-v. C-t-̧ -mÄ h-n-

t-Ã-P-v H-m-̂ -o-k-t-d-m-, X-l-k-nÂ-Z-m-t-c-m-, a-ä-p-t-Z-y-m-K-Ø-•-m-t-c-m B-c-p-w X-s-¶ U-m-ä-m-_-m-s-¦-¶ A-S-n-Ø-m-\-]-c-a-m-b H-¶-n-Ã-m-̄ -X-p-s-I-m-ï-v C-u \-n-b-a-w ]-c-n-]-qÀ-®-a-m-b-n D-]-t-b-m-K-n-¡-p-¶-n-Ã. t-I-c-f e-mâ-v b-q-«-n-s-s-e-t-k-j³ D-̄ -c-h-v F-¶-p ]-d-b-p-¶ D-̄ -c-h-m-s-W-¦-nÂ C-t-̧ -mÄ \-n-e-h-n-e-n-Ã-X-m-\-p-w. I-g-p-X-b-nÂ \-n-¶-p t-]-m-c-n-I-b-p-w s-N-b-v-X-p I-p-X-n-c-b-nÂ F-̄ -n-b-p-a-n-Ã F-¶ A-h-Ø-b-n-e-m-W-v C-t-̧ -m-f-n-h-n-s-S C-u \-n-b-a-

-̄n-s-â Ø-n-X-n. s-k³-{-SÂ s-h-ä-v-e-mâ-v B-I-v-ä-n-s-\-¡-q-S-n A-S-n-

Ø-m-\-s-̧ -S-p-̄ -n-b-m-W-v C-u \-n-b-a-w c-q-]-s-̧ -S-p--̄n-b-n-c-n-¡-p-¶-X-v. A-X-m-b-X-v t-I-{-µ-þ-k-w-Ø-m-\

\-n-b-a-§-f-p-s-S ]-c-n-[-n-b-nÂ h-c-p-¶-X-m-W-v \-½-p-s-S k-w-Ø-m-\-̄ -p-Å A-h-t-i-j-n-¡-p-¶ X-®-oÀ-

-̄S-§-f-p-w ]-m-S-§-f-p-w \-Z-o-X-S-§-f-p-w s-]-m-X-p I-p-f-§-f-p-w k-z-I-m-c-y I-p-f-§-f-p-w t-X-m-S-p-I-f-p-w I-m-b-t-e-m-c-§-f-p-w I-SÂ-̄ -o-c-§-f-p-w F-Ã-m-w X-s-¶. C-u s-\Â-h-bÂ-þ-X-®-oÀ-̄ -S-\-n-b-a-w A-«-n-a-d-n-¡-s-̧ -«-p-I-g-n-ª-mÂ-, h³-t-X-m-X-n-e-p-Å \-n-e-w \-n-I-̄ -e-p-I-f-p-w c-q-]-a-m-ä-w h-c-p-̄ -e-p-I-f-p-w \-S-¡-p-I-b-p-w \-½-p-s-S k-w-Ø-m-\-̄ -v h-f-s-c h-e-n-b ]-m-c-n-Ø-n-X-n-I-{-]-X-y-m-L-m-X-a-p-ï-m-h-p-I-b-p-w s-N-¿-p-w F-¶-v -̀c-n-¡-p-¶-h-c-p-w -̀c-n-¡-s-̧ -S-p-¶-h-c-p-w X-n-c-n-̈ -d-n-b-p-I-X-s-¶ t-h-W-w.

t-I-c-f-¯-n-s-e c-ï-v I-mÀ-j-n-I D-X-v-]-¶-§-f-n-e-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p G-ä-h-p-w I-q-S-p-XÂ K-t-h-j-W-h-p-w h-n-I-k-\-h-p-w D-ï-m-t-h-

ï-n-b-n-c-p-¶-X-v-, s-\-Ã-p-w s-X-§-p-w. ]-t-£-, h-m-k-v-X-h-¯-nÂ t-I-{-µ-o-I-c-n-¨-X-v \-m-W-y-

h-n-f-I-f-n-e-m-W-v.


Photo/Shaji Manshad


""\-½-p-s-S a-®-nÂ F-{-X D-d-t-̧ -m-s-S \-a-p-¡-v\-nÂ-¡-m³ I-g-n-b-p-¶-p-t-h-m A-{-X-b-p-w D-d-̧ -p-ï-m-I-p-w

\-½-p-s-S I-p-«-n-I-f-p-s-S l-r-Z-b-̄ -p-S-n-̧ -p-IÄ-¡-v-'-'þ t‑]‑m‑f‑n I‑u‑S‑v‑N‑m‑¡‑v‑, D-\-m-e-m-¢-o-ä-v-, A-e-m-k-v-I


F-k-v. D-j-, X-WÂ

C-¡-g-n-ª Z-n-h-k-w X-r-È-q-c-nÂ-\-n-¶-v X-n-c-p-h-\-´-]-p-c-t-¯-¡-v X-o-h-ï-n-b-nÂ

b-m-{-X s-N-¿-p-t-¼-mÄ I-q-s-S b-m-{-X s-N-b-v-X-n-c-p-¶ H-c-p k-v-{-X-o ]-e I-m-c-y-§-f-p-w k-w-k-m-c-n-¨ I-q-«-¯-nÂ A-h-c-p-s-S A-Ñ-s-â I-r-j-n-Ø-e-w H-c-p h-n-I-k-\ ]-mÀ-¡-n-\-m-b-n G-s-ä-S-p-¯-X-n-s-\-¡-p-d-n-¨-v ]-d-b-p-I-b-p-ï-m-b-n. B-e-p-h-¡-S-p-¯-m-W-v h-o-S-v. A-h-c-p-s-S A-Ñ³ \-s-Ã-m-c-p IÀ-j-I-\-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p. k-z-´-w B-h-i-y-¯-n-\-p a-m-{-X-a-Ã-, s-\-Ã-p-w ]-¨-¡-d-n-I-f-p-w G-¯-¡-m-b-p-s-a-Ã-m-w A-hÀ-¡-v h-nÂ-¡-m-\-p-a-p-ï-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p. Ø-n-c-w ]-W-n-¡-m-c-p-w ]-i-p-¡-f-p-w D-ï-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p. a-ä-p IÀ-j-I-s-c-Ã-m-w Ø-e-w s-I-m-S-p-¯-X-n-

\-p-t-i-j-w H-c-p K-X-n-b-p-w C-Ã-m-X-m-b-t-¸-m-g-m-W-v C-h-c-p-s-S A-Ñ³ X-s-â I-r-j-n-Ø-e-w s-s-I-a-m-d-n-b-X-v-, G-s-d h-n-j-a-t-¯-m-s-S. C-¶-v B Ø-e-w X-c-n-i-n-«-n-c-n-¡-p-I-b-m-W-v. A-X-v I-m-W-p-t-¼-mÄ h-Ã-m-¯ Z-p-x-J-w t-X-m-¶-p-I-b-m-s-W-¶-v A-hÀ ]-d-ª-p. X-c-n-i-n-«-n-c-n-¡-p-¶ I-r-j-n-Ø-e-§Ä `-q-a-n-b-n-Ã-m-¯-hÀ-¡-v I-r-j-n s-N-¿-m³ \Â-I-n-b-n-c-p-s-¶-¦-nÂ F-´-p-a-m-{-X-w ̀ -£-W-w \-m-«-nÂ D-ï-m-¡-m-a-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p? F-{-X-t-]À-¡-v ̀ -£-W-w \-m-«-nÂ D-ï-m-¡-m-a-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p? F-{-X-t-]À-¡-v s-X-m-g-nÂ s-I-m-S-p-¡-m-a-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p? C-X-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p A-h-c-p-s-S t-N-m-Z-y-w. A-h-s-c-m-c-p k-m-¼-¯-n-I h-n-Z-K-v-[-b-Ã. ]-c-n-Ø-n-X-n {-]-hÀ-¯-I-b-p-a-Ã. F-¶-m-e-p-w ]-c-n-Ø-n-X-n-s-b-¡-p-d-n-¨-p-w h-n-I-k-\-s-¯-¡-p-d-n-¨-p-w s-X-m-g-n-e-n-s-\-¡-p-d-n-¨-p-w H-s-¡ A-hÀ-¡-v \-s-Ã-m-c-p [-m-c-W-b-p-s-ï-¶-v I-p-d-¨-p t-\-c-s-¯ k-w-`-m-j-W-¯-nÂ-\-n-¶-v a-\-Ê-n-e-m-b-n.

I-S-n-ª-m¬ h-n-s-«-m-c-p I-p-X-n-c-s-b-t-¸-m-s-e-

b-m-b-n-«-p-ï-v t-I-c-f-¯-nÂ h-n-I-k-\-s-a-¶-v I-q-s-S-b-n-c-p-¶ a-s-ä-m-c-mÄ k-q-N-n-¸-n-¨-p. F-´-m-W-v h-n-I-k-\s-a-t-¶-m-, F-h-n-t-S-¡-m-W-v t-]-m-I-p-¶-s-X-t-¶-m A-d-n-b-p-¶-n-Ã. I-p-¶-p-I-f-p-w h-b-e-p-I-f-p-w ]-p-g-I-f-p-w X-®-oÀ-X-S-§-f-p-w I-r-j-n-b-n-S-§-f-p-w h-o-S-p-I-f-p-s-a-Ã-m-w N-h-n«-n-s-a-X-n-¨-p-s-I-m-ï-v h-n-I-k-\-¯-n-s-â C-u I-p-X-n-c ]-m-b-p-I-b-m-W-v. H-c-p b-p-²-¡-f-w t-]-m-s-e-b-m-b-n-c-n-¡-p-I-b-m-W-v \-m-S-v. C-X-v t-I-c-f-¯-n-s-â H-c-p s-]-m-X-p-t-_-m-[-a-m-W-v F-¶-v I-c-p-X-m-w.

h-n-I-k-\-¯-n-s-â ]-²-X-n-I-f-n-e-q-s-S e-`-n-¡-p-¶ k-m-¼-¯-n-I h-fÀ-¨-t-b-¡-mÄ I-q-S-p-X-e-m-W-v {-]-I-r-X-n-b-p-s-S \-m-i-¯-n-e-q-s-S c-m-P-y-§Ä-¡-p-ï-m-I-p-¶ \-j-v-S-s-a-¶-v t-e-m-I-_-m-¦-n-s-e k-m-¼-¯-n-I h-n-Z-K-v-[À t-]-m-e-p-w ]-d-b-m³ X-p-S-§-n-b-n-c-n-¡-p-¶-p. C-¡-g-n-ª hÀ-j-s-¯ t-e-m-I-_-m-¦-v d-n-t-¸-mÀ-«-nÂ ]-d-ª-n-c-n-¡-p-¶-X-v ]-c-n-Ø-n-X-n \-m-i-w-a-q-e-w C-´-y-¡-p-ï-m-

h-n-I-k-\-w I-r-j-n-b-n-e-q-s-S


I-p-¶ s-N-e-h-v 3.75 {-S-n-e-y¬ c-q-]-b-m-s-W-¶-m-W-v. C-X-v C-´-y-b-p-s-S P-n-U-n-]-n-b-p-s-S

5þ7% h-c-p-a-t-{-X. t-I-c-f-¯-nÂ I-g-n-ª ]-¯-p hÀ-j-w s-I-m-ï-p-ï-m-b ]-c-n-Ø-n-X-n-\-m-i-w k-m-¼-¯-n-I-a-m-b-n h-n-e-b-n-c-p-¯-n-b-mÂ F-{-X t-I-m-S-n-I-f-m-I-p-w? k-w-Ø-m-\-¯-n-\-p \-j-v-S-s-¸-« `-£-W-h-p-w s-h-Å-h-p-w s-X-m-g-n-e-p-w F-{-X-b-m-b-n-c-n-¡-p-w? 100 hÀ-j-w a-p³-t-]-m-«-v N-n-´-n-¡-m³ I-g-n-ª-n-s-Ã-¦-n-e-p-w ]-¯-v hÀ-j-t-¯-s-¡-¦-n-e-p-w C-X-p-s-I-m-ï-p-ï-m-b \-j-v-S-w I-W-¡-m-t-¡-ï-X-n-t-Ã? \-nÀ-`-m-K-y-h-i-mÂ \-½-p-s-S ̀ -c-W-IÀ-¯-m-¡-f-p-w k-m-t-¦-X-n-I-h-n-Z-K-v-[-c-p-w H-s-¡-X-s-¶ I-m-e-¯-n-\-p ]-n-d-s-I-b-m-W-v \-S-¡-p-¶-s-X-¶-v t-X-m-¶-p-w. A-h-c-p-s-S h-n-I-k-\ I-m-g-v-N-¸-m-S-p-IÄ A-{-]-I-m-c-a-m-W-v.

t-e-m-I-s-¯ k-m-a-m-\-y-P-\-§Ä a-p-g-p-h³ C-¶-v B-i-¦-s-¸-S-p-¶-X-v D-uÀ-Ö-s-¯-¡-p-d-n-t-¨-m s-X-m-g-n-e-n-s-\-¡-p-d-n-t-¨-m k-m-¼-¯-n-I h-fÀ-¨-s-b I-p-d-n-t-¨-m A-Ã. s-h-Å-s-¯ I-p-d-n-¨-p-w ̀ -£-W-s-¯ I-p-d-n-¨-p-a-m-W-v. £-b-n-¡-p-¶ B-t-c-m-K-y-s-¯-¡-p-d-n-¨-m-W-v. \-n-e-\-nÂ-¸-n-s-\ I-p-d-n-¨-m-W-v. A-X-p-s-I-m-ï-p-X-s-¶ ]-p-g-I-f-p-w X-®-oÀ-¯-S-§-f-p-w \-oÀ-h-b-e-p-I-f-p-s-a-Ã-m-w k-w-c-£-n-¡-s-¸-S-W-w F-¶ B-h-i-y-w t-e-m-I-¯-m-s-I D-bÀ-¶-p-h-c-n-I-b-m-W-v. a-m-[-y-a-§Ä {-]-N-c-n-¸-n-

¡-p-¶ k-m-¼-¯-n-I h-n-I-k-\ N-n-{-X-§Ä t-e-m-I-s-¯ [-\-n-I-c-m-b I-p-d-¨-p-t-]À-¡-p-t-h-ï-n a-m-{-X-w D-u-X-n h-oÀ-¸-n-¨-v s-I-m-«-n-t-L-m-j-n-¡-p-¶ I-m-c-y-§-f-m-W-v. H-c-p-]-t-£-, t-I-c-f-¯-n-s-e P-\-§-f-p-s-S B-i-¦ ]-c-n-K-W-n-¨-X-p-s-I-m-ï-m-I-m-w H-c-p \-n-b-a-w D-ï-m-¡-m³ t-I-c-f kÀ-¡-mÀ X-¿-m-d-m-b-X-v. s-\Â-¸-m-S-§-f-p-w s-\Â-I-r-j-n-b-p-w k-w-c-£-n-¡-m-\-p-Å {-i-a-¯-n-t-eÀ-s-¸-« H-t-«-s-d k-w-L-S-\-I-f-p-w h-y-à-n-I-f-p-w i-m-k-v-{-X-Ú-c-p-w k-m-a-q-l-y-þ-]-m-c-n-Ø-n-X-n-I {-]-hÀ-¯-I-c-p-w C-u s-I-m-¨-p-t-I-c-f-¯-n-e-p-ï-v. 2008-þÂ s-\Â-h-bÂ þX-®-oÀ-¯-S- -k-w-c-£-W \-n-b-a-w \-n-b-a-k-`-b-nÂ ]-m-k-m-b-t-¸-mÄ A-hÀ B-i-z-k-n-¨-p. _-m-¡-n-b-p-Å I-p-d-¨-v \-oÀ-¯-S-§-s-f-¦-n-e-p-w _-m-¡-n-b-m-I-p-a-t-Ã-m-s-b-¶-v.

F-¶-mÂ-, s-N-d-n-s-b-m-c-p h-n-`-m-K-w B-f-p-I-Ä C-u \-n-b-a-s-¯ F-X-nÀ-¡-p-¶-p-ï-v. C-X-n-s-\ A-«-n-a-d-n-¡-m³ {-i-a-n-¡-p-¶-p-ï-v. A-\-[-n-I-r-X-a-m-b-n \-n-e-w \-n-I-¯-p-¶-p-ï-v. C-u \-n-b-a-w t-I-c-f-¯-n-s-â h-n-I-k-\-s-¯ X-S-Ê-s-¸-S-p-¯-p-¶-p F-¶-p ]-d-b-p-¶-h-c-p-ï-v. C-hÀ H-¶-p-I-nÂ C-¯-c-w h-n-I-k-\ ]-²-X-n-I-f-n-e-q-s-S e-m-`-w {-]-X-o-£-n-¡-p-¶-h-t-c-m (D-Xv]-¶-¯-n-e-q-s-S-b-Ã. A-S-n-Ø-m-\ k-u-I-c-y h-n-I-k-\-¯-n-e-q-s-S ]-W-a-p-ï-m-¡-p-I-) A-X-s-Ã-¦-nÂ h-n-I-k-\-s-¯-¡-p-d-n-¨-v ]-g-©³ B-i-b-§Ä k-q-£-n-¡-p-¶-h-t-c-m B-W-v.

t-I-c-f-¯-n-s-â A-`-n-a-m-\-a-m-b-n-, h-n-I-k-\-¯-n-s-â H-c-p \-m-g-n-I-¡-Ã-m-b-n I-c-p-X-s-¸-S-p-¶ H-c-p ]-²-X-n-b-m-W-v X-n-c-p-h-\-´-]-p-c-s-¯ s-S-I-v-t-\-m-]-mÀ-¡-v. I-p-t-d s-N-d-p-¸-¡-mÀ-¡-v C-X-v s-X-m-g-nÂ s-I-m-S-p-¯-p. F-¶-mÂ C-X-n-\-v N-p-ä-p-a-p-Å {-]-t-Z-

t-e-m-I-s-¯ k-m-a-m-\-y-P-\-§Ä a-p-g-p-h³ C-¶-v B-i-¦-s-¸-S-p-¶-X-v D-uÀ-Ö-s-¯-¡-p-d-n-t-¨-m s-X-m-g-n-e-n-s-\-¡-p-d-n-t-¨-m k-m-¼-¯-n-I h-fÀ-¨-s-b I-p-d-n-t-¨-m A-Ã. s-h-Å-s-¯ I-p-d-n-¨-p-w `-£-W-s-¯

I-p-d-n-¨-p-a-m-W-v.

s-k-£³ 1 (3-) (xviii) þ "X-®-oÀ-¯-S-w" F-¶-mÂ a-®-v P-e-]-q-c-n-X-

a-m-¡-n-s-¡-m-ï-v-, I-c-{-]-t-Z-i-¯-n-\-p-w P-e-m-i-b-§Ä-¡-p-w C-S-b-nÂ Ø-n-X-n-s-N-¿-p-¶-X-p-w-, P-e-\-n-c-¸-v k-m-[-m-c-W-K-X-n-b-nÂ D-]-c-n-X-e-w h-s-c-t-b-m A-X-n-t-\-m-S-S-p-t-¯-m B-b-n-c-n-¡-p-I-t-b-m B-g-w-I-p-d-ª P-e-¯-mÂ a-q-S-n-¡-n-S-¡-p-I-t-b-m A-Y-h-m a-µ-K-X-n-b-nÂ N-e-n-¡-p-I-t-b-m s-I-«-n-¡-n-S-¡-p-I-t-b-m s-N-¿-p-¶ P-e-¯-n-s-â k-m-¶-n-²-y-w-s-I-m-ï-v k-h-n-t-i-j-a-m-I-p-I-t-b-m s-N-¿-p-¶ Ø-e-w F-¶À-°-a-m-I-p-¶-X-p-w A-X-nÂ I-m-b-e-p-IÄ-, A-g-n-a-p-J-§Ä-, t-N-ä-p-{-]-t-Z-i-§Ä-, I-S-t-e-m-c-¡-m-b-e-p-IÄ-, I-ïÂ-¡-m-S-p-IÄ-, N-X-p-¸-p-\-n-e-§Ä-, H-m-c-p-Å N-X-p-¸-p-\-n-e-§Ä-, N-X-p-¸-n-s-e I-m-S-p-IÄ F-¶-n-h DÄ-s-¸-S-p-¶-X-p-w-, s-\Â-h-b-e-p-I-f-p-w \-Z-n-I-f-p-w DÄ-s-¸-S-m-¯-X-p-a-m-I-p-¶-p.

s-k-£³ 3 (1-)

s‑\Â‑h‑bÂ ]‑c‑n‑hÀ‑¯‑\‑s‑¸‑S‑p‑¯‑p‑I‑t‑b‑m c‑q‑]‑m‑´‑c‑s‑¸‑S‑p‑¯‑p‑I‑t‑b‑m s‑N‑¿‑p‑¶‑X‑n‑\‑p‑Å h‑n‑e‑¡‑v þ C-u B-I-v-ä-v {-]-m-_-e-y-¯-nÂ h-c-p-¶ X-o-b-X-n-b-n-e-p-w A-¶-p-a-p-XÂ-¡-p-w G-s-X-¦-n-e-p-w s-\Â-h-b-e-n-s-â D-S-a-Ø-t-\-m A-[-n-h-m-k-n-t-b-m s-s-I-h-i-¡-m-c-t-\-m-, B B-I-v-ä-n-s-e h-y-h-Ø-IÄ-¡-\-p-k-r-X-a-m-b-Ã-m-s-X-, {-]-k-v-X-p-X s-\Â-h-bÂ ]-c-n-hÀ-¯-\-s-¸-S-p-¯-p-¶-X-n-t-\-m c-q-]-m-´-c-s-¸-S-p-¯-p-¶-X-n-t-\-m D-Å b-m-s-X-m-c-p

{-]-hÀ-¯-n-b-p-w s-N-¿-m³ ]-m-S-p-Å-X-Ã.

s-k-£³ 8 (3-)

s-]-m-X-p B-h-i-y-¯-n-\-m-b-n \-n-e-w \-n-I-¯-p-¶-X-n-t-\-m ]-c-n-hÀ-¯-\-s-¸-S-p-¯-p-¶-X-n-t-\-m {-]-m-t-Z-i-n-I-X-e \-n-c-o-£-W-k-a-n-X-n i-p-]-mÀ-i s-N-b-v-X-n-«-p-Å H-m-t-c-m A-t-]-£-b-p-w-, k-w-Ø-m-\-X-e k-a-n-X-n ]-c-n-t-i-m-[-n-¨-v B {-]-t-Z-i-¯-v-, s-\Â-h-bÂ A-Ã-m-¯ a-s-ä-m-c-p Ø-e-w e-`-y-a-m-t-W-m F-¶-p-w s-\Â-h-bÂ \-n-I-¯-p-¶-X-p-a-q-e-w D-ï-m-I-m-h-p-¶ ]-m-c-n-Ø-n-X-n-I h-y-X-n-b-m-\-§-s-f k-w-_-Ô-n-¨-p-w h-n-i-Z-a-m-b-n ]-c-n-t-i-m-[-\ \-S-¯-n kÀ-¡-m-c-n-\-v d-n-t-¸-mÀ-«-v \Â-t-I-ï-X-m-W-v.

s-k-£³ 9 (8-)

(1-)þ-m-w D-]-h-I-p-¸-nÂ F-´-p-X-s-¶ A-S-§-n-b-n-c-p-¶-m-e-p-w {-]-m-t-Z-i-n-I-X-e \-n-c-o-£-W-k-a-n-X-n þ (i) A-{-]-I-m-c-a-p-Å c-q-]-m-´-c-s-¸-S-p-¯Â-, ]-m-c-n-Ø-n-X-n-I h-y-h-Ø-t-b-b-p-w t-NÀ-¶-v I-n-S-¡-p-¶ s-\Â-h-b-e-n-s-e I-r-j-n-t-b-b-p-w {-]-X-n-I-q-e-a-m-b-n _-m-[-n-¡-p-I-b-n-Ã-m F-¶-p-w; (ii-) s-\Â-h-b-e-n-s-â D-S-a-Ø-t-\-m A-b-m-f-p-s-S I-p-S-p-w-_-¯-n-t-\-m C-u B-h-i-y-¯-n-\-v ]-ä-n-b Ø-e-w ]-I-c-w B P-n-Ã-b-nÂ k-z-´-a-m-b-n C-Ã F-¶-p-w (iii) s-I-«-n-S-w \-nÀ-½-n-¡-p-¶-X-v A-b-m-f-p-s-S k-z-´-w B-h-i-y-¯-n-\-v t-h-ï-n-b-m-s-W-¶-p-w (iv) {-]-k-v-X-p-X s-\Â-h-bÂ-, a-ä-v s-\Â-h-b-e-p-I-f-mÂ N-p-ä-s-¸-«-v

t-I-c-f s-\Â-h-bÂ-þ-X-®-oÀ-¯-S k-w-c-£-W B-I-v-ä-vþ{-]-[-m-\ h-I-p-¸-p-IÄ



k-m-t-¦-X-n-I-h-n-Z-y-IÄ h-n-I-k-n-¡-p-t-¼-mÄ-, A-h-b-v-¡-v \-n-e-\-nÂ-]-n-s-â A-S-n-

Ø-m-\-a-m-b `-q-a-n-s-b k-w-c-£-n-¡-m³ I-g-n-b-p-¶-n-s-Ã-¦-nÂ A-X-n-s-\ F-§-n-s-\-

b-m-W-v h-n-I-k-\-s-a-¶-v ]-d-b-p-I?

i-§-f-n-s-e P-\-§Ä-¡-n-t-¸-mÄ I-p-S-n-s-h-Å-a-n-Ã-m-X-m-b-n-¡-g-n-ª-p. C-h-n-s-S I-n-W-d-p-I-f-n-s-e P-e-\-n-c-¸-v X-m-g-p-I-t-b-m A-s-Ã-¦-nÂ s-h-Å-¯-n-s-â k-z-`-m-h-w a-m-d-p-I-t-b-m s-N-b-v-X-n-c-n-¡-p-¶-p. `-q-a-n h-n-«-p-s-I-m-S-p-¯-hÀ h-e-n-s-b-m-c-p {-]-X-n-k-Ô-n-b-n-e-m-b-n-c-n-¡-p-I-b-m-W-v.

s-F.-S-n. h-y-h-k-m-b-s-¯ B-c-p-w F-X-nÀ-¡-p-¶-n-Ã. F-¶-mÂ b-m-s-X-m-c-p i-m-k-v-{-X-o-b ]T-\-§-f-p-a-n-Ã-m-s-X X-®-oÀ-¯-S-§Ä \-n-I-¯-n C-¯-c-w ]-²-X-n-IÄ B-k-q-{-X-W-w s-N-b-v-X-m-e-p-Å ̀ -h-n-j-y-¯-m-W-n-h-n-s-S k-q-N-n-¸-n-¨-X-v. C-u ]-²-X-n-IÄ X-®-oÀ-¯-S-§Ä \-i-n-¸-n-¡-m-s-X-, I-p-¶-p-I-f-n-S-n-¡-m-s-X s-N-¿-m³ I-g-n-b-n-t-Ã? G-ä-h-p-w s-N-d-n-b b-q-W-n-ä-p-IÄ-h-g-n A-h-b-v-¡-p-N-p-ä-p-w h-n-t-I-{-µ-o-I-r-X-a-m-b-n H-c-p i-r-w-J-e Ø-m-]-n-¨-v h-n-I-k-n-¸-n-s-¨-S-p-¡-m-h-p-¶ H-c-p h-y-h-k-m-b-a-m-W-v s-F.-S-n.-s-b-¶-v C-X-nÂ {-]-hÀ-¯-n-¡-p-¶ ]-e h-n-Z-K-v-[-c-p-w A-`-n-{-]-m-b-s-¸-S-p-¶-p-ï-v. C-X-v C-t-¸-mÄ s-N-¿-p-¶-X-p-t-]-m-s-e t-I-{-µ-o-I-c-n-¨ s-F.-S-n. ]-mÀ-¡-p-I-f-m-t-¡-s-ï-¶-p-w B-f-p-I-s-f H-c-p Ø-e-t-¯-¡-v t-I-{-µ-o-I-c-n-t-¡-s-ï-¶-p-w A-hÀ ]-d-b-p-¶-p. k-m-t-¦-X-n-I-h-n-Z-y-IÄ h-n-I-k-n-¡-p-t-¼-mÄ-, A-h-b-v-¡-v \-n-e-\-nÂ-]-n-s-â A-S-n-Ø-m-\-a-m-b `-q-a-n-s-b k-w-c-£-n-¡-m³ I-g-n-b-p-¶-n-s-Ã-¦-nÂ A-X-n-s-\ F-§-n-s-\-b-m-

W-v h-n-I-k-\-s-a-¶-v ]-d-b-p-I?h-bÂ X-c-n-i-n-«-n-c-n-¡-p-I-b-t-Ã? s-\Â-I-r-j-n

s-N-¿-p-¶-X-v \-j-v-S-a-t-Ã? C-u ̀ -q-a-n a-ä-m-h-i-y-§Ä-¡-v a-m-ä-n-¡-q-t-S? C-u t-N-m-Z-y-§Ä-¡-p-¯-c-w ]-d-b-m³ I-g-n-b-p-I \-n-I-¯-n-b s-\Â-¸-m-S-§Ä-¡-c-n-I-nÂ P-o-h-n-¡-p-¶-hÀ-¡-m-b-n-c-n-¡-p-w. A-h-c-p-s-S P-e-e-`-y-X-b-nÂ h-¶-a-m-ä-w-, a-ä-p I-r-j-n-IÄ-¡-p-ï-m-b \-m-i-w-, s-s-P-h s-s-h-h-n-[-y-¯-nÂ h-¶ I-p-d-h-v-, A-h-c-p-s-S k-m-a-q-l-y-_-Ô-§-f-nÂ h-¶ a-m-ä-w-, I-p-«-n-I-f-p-s-S k-z-`-m-h-¯-n-e-p-w i-o-e-§-f-n-e-p-w h-¶ h-y-X-y-m-k-w... C-§-s-\ H-«-\-h-[-n I-m-c-y-§Ä A-hÀ-¡-v ]-d-b-m-\-p-ï-m-I-p-w. h-n-I-k-\-¯-n-s-â I-W-¡-p-I-f-p-w I-m-c-y-§-f-p-w \-n-c-¯-p-t-¼-mÄ C-u \-j-v-S-w H-c-n-¡-e-p-w I-W-¡-m-¡-m-d-n-Ã. A-s-X-m-s-¡ F-§-n-s-\-s-b-¦-n-e-p-w i-c-n-b-m-¡-n-t-¡-m-f-p-w. a-\-p-j-yÀ "A-U-v-P-Ì-v-' s-N-b-v-t-X-m-f-p-w. A-§-n-s-\ s-N-b-v-X-ps-N-b-v-X-m-W-t-Ã-m a-\-p-j-yÀ C-X-p-h-s-c ]-p-t-c-m-K-a-n-¨-X-v. s-N-d-n-b N-n-e h-n-«-p-h-o-g-v-N-IÄ \-½Ä s-N-t-¿-ï-X-m-b-n h-c-p-w. C-X-m-W-v s-]-m-X-p \-n-e-]-m-S-v.

F-´-m-W-o h-n-«-p-h-o-g-v-N? ]-m-e-n-t-\-¡-mÄ h-n-e s-I-m-S-p-¯-v s-h-Å-w h-m-§-p-I. b-m-s-X-m-c-p t-]-m-j-I K-p-W-h-p-a-n-Ã-m-¯-, I-o-S-\-m-i-n-\-n-I-f-p-s-S k-m-¶-n-²-y-a-p-Å A-c-n-b-p-w-, ]-¨-¡-d-n-I-f-p-w-, ]-g-§-f-p-w h-e-n-b h-n-e s-I-m-S-p-¯-v h-m-§-n I-g-n-¡-p-I. {-K-m-a-§-f-nÂ s-N-d-p-¸-¡-m-c-n-Ã-m-X-m-I-p-I. t-c-m-K-§Ä hÀ-²-n-¡-p-I. k-p-c-£-n-X-X-z-a-n-Ã-m-X-m-I-p-I....

s-\Â-h-b-e-p-w X-®-oÀ-¯-S-§-f-p-w k-w-c-£-n-¡-s-¸-«-mÂ F-Ã-m-hÀ-¡-p-w s-X-m-g-nÂ s-I-m-S-p-¡-m³ I-g-n-b-p-t-a-m? X-oÀ-¨-b-m-b-p-w C-Ã. F-¶-mÂ F-Ã-m-hÀ-¡-p-w s-h-Å-w s-I-m-S-p-¡-m³ I-g-n-b-p-w. I-p-t-d-s-b-¦-n-e-p-w \-Ã `-£-W-w D-X-v-

]-m-Z-n-¸-n-¡-m³ I-g-n-b-p-w. C-¯-c-w B-h-m-k-h-y-h-Ø-IÄ \-i-n-¸-n-¡-m-s-X C-¡-m-e-¯-n-\-p t-b-m-P-n-¨ h-y-h-k-m-b-§Ä F-§-s-\ s-I-m-ï-p-h-c-m-s-a-¶-v N-n-´-n-¡-m³ I-g-n-b-p-w. C-h-s-b-Ã-m-w \-i-n-¸-n-¨-v D-b-c-p-¶ h-y-h-k-m-b ]-mÀ-¡-p-I-f-p-w \-nÀ-½-m-W t-a-J-e-I-f-p-s-a-Ã-m-w-X-s-¶ I-p-d-¨-m-f-p-IÄ-t-¡ s-X-m-g-nÂ s-I-m-S-p-¡-p-¶-p-Å-q F-¶ I-m-c-y-h-p-w \-½Ä h-n-k-v-a-c-n-¨-p-I-q-S-m.

t-Z-i-o-b-X-e-¯-nÂ-X-s-¶ t-I-c-f-¯-n-\-v J-y-m-X-n t-\-S-n-s-¡-m-S-p-¯ kÀ-¡-mÀ ]-²-X-n-b-m-W-v I-p-S-p-w-_-{-i-o a-n-j³. a-ä-v B-[-p-\-n-I h-y-h-k-m-b-§-f-n-s-e-m-¶-p-w-X-s-¶ (C-t-¡-m S-q-d-n-k-w DÄ-s-¸-s-S-) t-P-m-e-n e-`-n-¡-m-s-X Z-c-n-{-Z-c-m-b k-v-{-X-o-I-f-p-s-S C-u I-q-«-m-b-v-a C-¶-v H-c-p e-£-w F-¡-d-nÂ ]-m-«-I-r-j-n s-N-¿-p-¶-p-ï-v. H-c-p-h-i-¯-v D-S-a-ØÀ `-q-a-n X-c-n-i-n-S-p-t-¼-mÄ X-s-¶ C-u k-v-{-X-o k-w-L-§Ä-¡-v `-q-a-n Z-oÀ-L-I-m-e-t-¯-¡-v e-`-n-¡-m-\-p-Å {-I-a-o-I-c-W-§-s-f-m-¶-p-w-X-s-¶ kÀ-¡-m-c-n-\-v s-N-¿-m³ I-g-n-ª-n-«-n-Ã. F-¶-mÂ H-c-p h-y-h-k-m-b k-w-c-w-`-¯-n-\-v `-q-a-n s-I-m-S-p-¡-m³ kÀ-¡-mÀ D-Õ-p-I-c-m-W-v. C-u k-v-{-X-o-IÄ I-m-W-n-¨-p X-c-p-¶-s-X-´-m-W-v? k-a-q-l-¯-n-s-e G-ä-h-p-w AÀ-l-X-b-p-Å H-c-p h-n-`-m-K-¯-n-\-v h-n-I-k-\-a-p-ï-m-h-p-I-b-m-W-v. k-m-¼-¯-n-I-h-p-w a-ä-p h-n-[-¯-n-e-p-w k-v-{-X-o-IÄ-¡-v h-n-I-k-\-a-p-ï-m-I-p-t-¼-mÄ s-a-m-¯-w I-p-S-p-w-_-¯-n-\-m-W-X-n-s-â K-p-W-w. C-u K-p-W-w I-p-S-p-w-_-¯-nÂ-\-n-¶-v k-a-q-l-¯-n-t-e-¡-p-w h-f-c-p-w. C-X-n-s-â a-p-g-p-h³ k-m-²-y-X-IÄ {-]-t-b-m-P-\-s-¸-S-p-¯-m³ I-p-S-p-w-_-{-i-o-¡-v I-g-n-b-p-¶-t-X-b-p-Å-q. F-¶-mÂ H-c-p h-bÂ \-n-I-¶-p-t-]-m-I-p-¶-t-X-m-s-S C-u h-e-n-s-b-m-c-p k-m-²-y-X C-Ã-m-X-m-I-p-I-b-m-W-v. A-£-b h-n-I-k-\ k-¦-e-v-]-a-m-s-I X-I-n-S-w a-d-n-b-p-I-b-m-W-v.

h-n-Z-y-m-k-¼-¶-c-m-b s-N-d-p-¸-¡-m-c-S-¡-w ]-eÀ-¡-p-w I-r-j-n C-s-¶-m-c-p B-t-h-i-a-m-b-n a-m-d-n-s-¡-m-ï-n-c-n-¡-p-I-b-m-W-v. s-X-m-g-nÂ {-]-Z-m-\-w s-N-¿-p-¶ h-e-n-s-b-m-c-p t-a-J-e-b-m-b-n-X-s-¶ \-m-s-f-b-n-X-p a-m-d-m-w-, I-r-j-n-b-p-s-S a-p-g-p-h³ i-r-w-J-e-b-p-w h-fÀ-¯-n-s-b-S-p-¯-mÂ. h-n-¯-p s-X-m-«-v I-mÀ-j-n-t-I-m-X-v-]-¶-§-f-p-w a-q-e-y-hÀ-²-n-X DXv ̧ -¶-§-f-p-w A-\-p-_-Ô h-y-h-k-m-b-§-f-p-w F-Ã-m-w X-s-¶ t-I-c-f-¯-n-\-\-p-t-b-m-P-y-a-m-b h-n-I-k-\-¯-n-s-â H-c-p h-g-n C-u s-N-d-p-¸-¡-m-c-p-s-S a-p³-]-nÂ X-p-d-¶-p s-I-m-S-p-¡-p-I-b-m-W-v. h-y-h-k-m-b-§-f-n-s-e IT-n-\ t-P-m-e-n-I-f-p-w a-p-j-n-¸-n-¡-p-¶ P-o-h-n-X-N-c-y-I-f-p-w I-g-n-ª-v I-p-d-¨-p k-a-b-w C-¯-c-w t-a-J-e-b-n-t-e-¡-n-d-§-m³ X-mÂ-¸-c-y-s-¸-S-p-¶-h-c-p-w G-s-d-b-p-ï-n-¶-v.

I-m-e-¯-n-\-p a-p³-t-] \-S-¡-p-¶ `-c-W-m-[-n-I-m-c-n-IÄ C-Ã-m-X-m-b-X-m-W-v C-u \-m-S-n-s-â C-¶-s-¯ i-m-]-w. C-Ã-m-b-n-c-p-s-¶-¦-nÂ s-s-P-h-n-s-s-h-h-n-[-y-s-¯-b-p-w I-r-j-n-s-b-b-p-w A-S-n-Ø-m-\-s-¸-S-p-¯-n-b-, B-t-c-m-K-y-s-¯-b-p-w i-m-k-v-{-X-s-¯-b-p-w h-fÀ-¯-p-¶-, I-e-I-s-f-b-p-w k-w-k-v-¡-m-c-s-¯-b-p-w t-]-m-j-n-¸-n-¡-p-¶ a-s-ä-m-c-p h-n-I-k-\ k-¦-e-v-]-¯-n-t-e-¡-v A-hÀ h-t-¶-s-\. C-u ̀ -q-a-n-s-b-, C-h-n-S-s-¯ P-e-s-¯-, A-¶-s-¯ a-p-S-n-¡-m-s-X c-m-P-y-¯-n-\-p X-s-¶ a-m-X-r-I-b-m-b H-c-p h-n-I-k-\-]-m-X A-hÀ s-X-c-s-ª-S-p-t-¯-s-\. I-m-c-p-W-y t-e-m-«-d-n-b-p-w I-y-m³-kÀ s-]³-j-\-p-w c-ï-v c-q-] A-c-n-b-p-w \Â-I-n P-\-§-s-f {-]-o-X-n-s-¸-S-p-¯-p-¶-X-n-\-p ]-I-c-w k-z-´-w-I-m-e-nÂ A-`-n-a-m-\-t-¯-m-s-S \-nÂ-¡-m³ A-h-s-c ]T-n-¸-n-t-¨-s-\. C-¯-c-¯-nÂ N-n-´-n-¡-p-¶ h-n-c-e-n-s-e-®-m-h-p-¶ N-n-eÀ c-m-j-v-{-S-o-b ]-mÀ-«-n-IÄ-¡-I-¯-v h-fÀ-¶-p h-c-p-¶-p-ï-v F-¶ t-X-m-¶Â a-m-{-X-a-m-W-v G-I B-i-z-m-k-w.

Ø-n-X-n s-N-¿-p-¶-X-Ã F-¶-p-w þ i-p-]-mÀ-i s-N-b-v-X-mÂ A-Ã-m-s-X A-{-]-I-m-c-a-p-Å b-m-s-X-m-c-p A-t-]-£-b-p-w P-n-Ã-m-X-e A-[-n-I-r-X-k-a-n-X-n ]-c-n-K-W-n-¡-p-h-m³ ]-m-S-p-Å-X-Ã.

s-k-£³ 11

X‑®‑oÀ‑¯‑S‑§Ä c‑q‑]‑m‑´‑c‑s‑¸‑S‑p‑¯‑p‑¶‑X‑n‑\‑p‑Å h‑n‑e‑¡‑v þ C-u B-I-v-ä-n-s-â {-]-m-c-w-` X-o-b-X-n-b-n-e-p-w A-¶-p-a-p-XÂ-¡-p-w k-w-Ø-m-\-s-¯ X-®-oÀ-¯-S-§Ä A-t-X-t-]-m-s-e I-m-¯-p-k-q-£-n-t-¡-ï-X-p-w A-{-]-I-m-c-a-p-Å X-®-oÀ-̄ -S-§Ä c-q-]-m-́ -c-s-̧ -S-p-̄ -p-¶-X-n-\-p-w A-h-b-nÂ \-n-¶-p-w a-WÂ \-o-¡-w s-N-¿-p-¶-X-n-\-p-w ]-qÀ-® \-n-t-c-m-[-\-w D-ï-m-b-n-c-n-¡-p-¶-X-p-a-m-W-v. F-¶-mÂ C-u h-I-p-̧ -nÂ ]-d-b-p-¶ b-m-s-X-m-¶-p-w X-s-¶ {-]-k-v-X-p-X X-®-oÀ-̄ -S-̄ -n-s-â ]-c-n-Ø-n-X-n-L-S-\ \-n-e-\-nÀ-̄ -p-¶-X-n-\-p-t-h-ï-n F-¡-e-p-w s-N-f-n-b-p-w \-o-¡-w s-N-¿-p-¶-X-n-\-v _-m-[-I-a-m-I-p-¶-X-Ã.

s-k-£³ 13

P‑n‑Ã‑m I‑f‑I‑v‑S‑d‑p‑s‑S A‑[‑n‑I‑m‑c‑w þ C-u B-I-v-ä-nÂ F-́ -p-X-s-¶ A-S-§-n-b-n-c-p-¶-m-e-p-w-, I-f-I-v-SÀ-¡-v-, C-u B-I-v-ä-v {-]-I-m-c-w F-S-p-̄ t-{-]-m-k-n-I-y-q-j³ \-S-]-S-n-¡-v ̀ -w-K-w h-c-m-s-X-, C-u B-I-v-ä-n-s-e h-y-h-Ø-IÄ e-w-L-n-̈ -p-s-I-m-ï-v c-q-]-m-́ -c-s-̧ -S-p-̄ -n-b G-s-X-¦-n-e-p-w s-\Â-h-bÂ ]-qÀ-Æ A-h-Ø-b-nÂ s-I-m-ï-p-h-c-p-¶-X-n-t-e-¡-m-b-n-, A-t-±-l-¯-n-\-v D-N-n-X-s-a-¶-v t-X-m-¶-p-¶ {-]-I-m-c-a-p-Å \-S-]-S-n s-s-I-s-¡-m-Å-m-h-p-¶-X-p-w-, C-X-n-t-e-¡-m-b-n s-N-e-h-g-n-t-¡-ï-n-h-¶ X-p-I-, A-X-X-v k-w-K-X-n-t-]-m-s-e-, {-]-k-v-X-p-X s-\Â-h-b-e-n-s-â A-\-p-`-h-¡-m-c-\-nÂ \-n-t-¶-m A-[-n-h-m-k-n-b-nÂ \-n-t-¶-m-, A-b-mÄ-¡-v ]-d-b-p-h-m-\-p-Å-X-v ]-d-b-p-h-m³ \-y-m-b-a-m-b A-h-k-c-w \Â-I-n-b-t-i-j-w-, C-u-S-m-¡-m-h-p-¶-X-m-W-v.

Photo/Jayaraj T P

20 IqSv 2014 Pqsse

t-h-\Â-¡-n-\-m-h-p-IÄI-p-ª-n-c-m-a³ ]-n.

t-h-\Â-¡-m-e-̄ -p-̈ -t-\-c-w. H-c-p b-m-{-X I-g-n-ª-v X-n-c-n-s-̈ -̄ -n-b-X-m-W-v. D-S-

e-p-c-p-I-p-¶ s-h-b-nÂ-N-q-S-n-s-\ a-\-Ê-m i-]-n-̈ -v h-bÀ \-n-d-s-b s-h-Å-h-p-w I-p-S-n-̈ -v C-̄ -n-c-n t-\-c-w C-c-p-¶-t-X-b-p-Å-q-, H-mÀ-¡-m-̧ -p-d-̄ -v a-g-s-b-̄ -n. N-q-S-p-w ]-c-t-h-i-h-p-s-a-m-¡ a-n-\-p-«-p-IÄ-s-I-m-ï-v a-g a-m-b-v-̈ -p-I-f-ª-p. a-g-b-p-s-S A-\-p-̀ -q-X-n \-p-IÀ-¶-§-s-\-b-n-c-n-s-¡-, B-t-e-m-N-n-̈ -p-t-]-m-b-n-, C-§-s-\-s-b-m-s-¡-b-m-b-n-c-p-t-¶-m t-h-\Â-¡-m-e-w.

I-m-e-hÀ-j-h-p-w X-p-e-m-a-g-b-p-w s-]-b-v-s-X-m-g-n-ª-v X-p-e-m-̧ -t-̄ -m-s-S a-m-\-w s-X-f-n-b-p-w. X-p-e-m-̧ -̄ -v I-g-n-ª-mÂ a-c-s-̧ -m-̄ -n-e-p-w I-n-S-¡-m-s-a-¶-m-W-v {-]-a-m-W-w. k-Ô-y-t-b-m-s-S s-]-m-g-n-b-p-¶ a-ª-n-s-\-m--̧w ]-m-e-̧ -q-h-n-s-â k-p-K-Ô-w h-g-n-s-ª-m-g-p-I-p-w.

a-̈ -I-§-f-n-e-p-w s-I-m-«-n-e-I-§-f-n-e-p-w I-m-h-p-I-f-n-e-p-w I-p-S-n-b-n-c-p-̄ -n-b I-p-e-s-s-Z-h-§-s-f-b-p-w ̀ -K-h-X-n-a-m-s-c-b-p-w ]-p-̄ -c-n-b-q-«-p-¶-X-v X-p-e-m-̧ -̄ -n-\-m-W-v. X-p-e-m-a-m-k-̄ -n-s-e I-d-p-̄ -h-m-h-v Z-n-h-k-w ]-n-X-r-_-e-n-¡-v h-n-t-i-j-s-̧ -«-X-m-W-v. A-¶-v _-e-n-X-oÀ-°-§Ä _-e-n-IÀ-½-̄ -n-s-\-̄ -n-b-h-s-c-s-¡-m-ï-v \-n-d-ª-p I-h-n-b-p-w. t-I-c-f-o-b-s-â I-e-v-]-h-r-£-a-m-b s-X-§-p \-S-p-¶-X-p-w X-p-e-m-a-m-k-̄ -n-s-e I-d-p-̄ -h-m-h-p Z-n-h-k-a-m-W-v.

t-e-J-\-w


a-g-t-]-m-s-e a-ª-p s-]-¿-p-¶ h-r-Ý-n-I-w-, [-\-p a-m-k-§-f-n-e-m-W-v I-i-p-a-m-h-p-IÄ ]-q-h-n-S-p-¶-X-v. ]-p-g-t-b-m-c-§-f-nÂ h-c-n-h-c-n-b-m-b-n I-m-hÂ \-nÂ-¡-p-¶ s-s-I-X-IÄ ]-q-¡-p-¶-X-p-w C-¡-m-e-̄ -m-W-v. t-I-X-I-n-̧ -q-¡-f-p-s-S a-\-w-a-b-¡-p-¶ k-p-

K-Ô-w k-m-b-w-k-Ô-y-I-s-f ]-c-n-]-q-c-n-X-a-m-¡-p-w. h-d-p-X-n-b-p-s-S \-m-f-p-IÄ-¡-d-p-X-n h-c-p-̄ -n I-S-e-nÂ A-b-e-b-p-w a-̄ -n-b-p-w s-]-c-p-I-n I-c-b-nÂ h-¶-

S-n-b-p-w. I-S-̧ -p-d-§Ä-¡-n-X-v D-Õ-h-I-m-e-a-m-b-n-c-n-¡-p-w. H-¶-m-w-h-n-f s-I-m-b-v-s-X-m-g-n-ª

]-m-S-§-f-nÂ D-g-p-¶-p-w ]-b-d-p-w a-p-X-n-c-b-p-w a-ä-p-w h-n-X-b-v-¡-p-¶-X-v h-r-Ý-n-I-a-m-k-̄ -n-e-m-W-v.

a-I-c-a-m-k-m-c-w-̀ -t-̄ -m-s-S a-m-h-p-w a-c-p-X-p-w ]-q-̄ -p-e-b-p-w. C-e-a-q-S-n-̧ -q-h-n-c-n-ª a-m-t-́ -m-̧ -p-I-f-nÂ ]-q-t-́ ³ s-N-d-p-a-g-b-m-b-v s-]-b-v-X-n-d-§-p-w. a-I-c-a-ª-n-\-p-w I-m-ä-n-\-p-w a-m-¼-q-h-n-s-â a-W-a-p-ï-m-h-p-w. ]-m-S-§-f-nÂ s-h-Å-c-n-b-p-w I-p-¼-f-h-p-w a-ä-p i-o-X-I-m-e ]-̈ -¡-d-n-I-f-p-w \-S-p-¶-X-v a-I-c-a-m-k-

-̄n-e-m-W-v. i-o-X-w X-g-b-v-¡-p-¶ t-l-a-́ -I-m-e-w a-I-c-t-̄ -m-s-S-m-̧ -w ]-n³-h-m-§-p-w. I-p-w-̀ -n h-n-bÀ-¡-p-¶ I-m-e-a-m-W-v I-p-w-̀ -a-m-k-w. a-®-n-\-p-w h-n-®-n-\-p-w N-q-t-S-d-p-¶-X-n-\-\-p-k-c-n-̈ -v a-[-p-c-\-o-c-p-w t-]-m-j-I-§-f-p-a-S-§-n-b X-c-m-X-c-w I-\-n-IÄ H-s-¶-m-¶-m-b-n ]-m-I-a-m-b-n-̄ -p-S-§-p-w. ]-̧ -m-b-b-p-w I-i-p-a-m-h-p-w h-m-g-b-p-w t-]-c-b-p-w s-\-Ã-n-b-p-w k-t-̧ -m-«-b-p-s-a-m-s-¡ a-Õ-c-n-̈ -v I-\-n-IÄ I-m-g-v-N-s-h-¡-p-w. a-[-p-c-\-m-c-§-b-p-s-S-b-p-w a-p-k-w-_-n-b-p-s-S-b-p-w I-m-e-w I-q-S-n-b-m-W-n-X-v. I-S-p-¡-m-̈ -n a-m-§-b-p-w I-p-w--̄̀ -nÂ-X-s-¶ ]-g-p-̄ -p h-o-W-p-X-p-S-§-p-w.

t-X³-I-\-n-I-f-p-ï-v a-Z-n-̈ I-p-b-n-e-p-w I-p-«-p-

h-d-p-X-n-b-p-s-S \-m-f-p-IÄ-¡-d-p-X-n h-c-p--̄n I-S-e-nÂ A-b-e-b-p-w a-̄ -n-b-p-w

s-]-c-p-I-n I-c-b-nÂ h-¶-S-n-b-p-w. H-¶-m-w-h-n-f s-I-m-b-v-s-X-m-g-n-ª ]-m-S-§-f-nÂ D-g-p-¶-p-w ]-b-d-p-w a-p-X-n-c-b-p-w a-ä-p-w h-n-X-b-v-¡-p-¶-X-v

h-r-Ý-n-I-a-m-k-̄ -n-e-m-W-v.

Photo/Jayaraj T P

t-e-J-\-w22 IqSv 2014 Pqsse

d-p-h-\-p-w I-n-f-n-I-f-p-w I-m-W-m-a-d-b-̄ -n-c-p-¶-v C-e-̈ -mÀ-̄ -n-s-\ k-w-K-o-X-k-m-{-µ-a-m-¡-p-w.

s-N-¼-p-s-I-m-«-n-¡-n-f-n-IÄ A-X-n-c-m-h-n-s-e-b-p-WÀ-¶-v ]-m-{-X-§-f-p-s-S ]-W-n-¡-p-d X-oÀ-¡-p-¶ {-]-h-r-̄ -n A-\-p-k-y-q-X-w X-p-S-c-p-w. a-p-ä-s-̄ A-t-i-m-I-a-c-s-¡-m-¼-nÂ h-¶-n-c-p-s-¶-m-c-p h-®-m-̄ -n-¡-n-f-n "a-m-̈ -n-s-b-S-v h-o-i-n-b-S-n " s-b-¶-v H-mÀ-½-s-̧ -S-p-̄ -n-s-¡-m-ï-n-c-n-¡-p-w. \-nÀ-t-±-i-w A-\-p-k-c-n-̈ -v a-p-ä-w X-q-̄ -p-h-r-̄ -n-b-m-¡-n-b-n-Ã F-¦-nÂ "]-d-̈ -n A-S-n-b-m-d-v-, ]-d-̈ -n A-S-n-b-m-d-v " F-¶-p-Å `À-Õ-\-w t-IÄ-t-¡-ï-n-h-c-p-w. s-N-d-p-]-g-§Ä s-\-m-«-n-\-p-W-ª-p-w ]-̈ -¡-p-X-n-c-s-b-b-p-w {-]-m-W-n-I-s-f-b-p-w s-I-m-¡-n-s-e-m-X-p-¡-n-b-p-w N-n-e-̈ -p-w s-I-m-©-n-b-p-w ]-c-k-v-]-c-w ]-¿-m-c-w ]-d-ª-p-w H-m-t-e-ª-m-e-n-b-p-w B-\-d-m-©-n-b-p-w I-m-¡-̄ -¼-p-c-m-«-n-b-p-w C-c-«-̄ -e-̈ -n-b-p-w A-§-n-§-v ]-d-¶-p \-S-¡-p-¶-p-ï-m-h-p-w. A-X-n-c-m-W-n-¡-m-«-nÂ a-d-ª-n-c-p-s-¶-m-c-p I-m-«-p-s-s-a-\ H-m-S-¡-p-gÂ \-m-Z-a-p-X-nÀ-¡-p-w. C-u k-a-b-w A-¼-e-¡-p-f-¡-c-b-n-s-e s-N-¼-I-a-c-s-¡-m-¼-nÂ s-]-m-•-m³ {-]-m-W-m-b-m-a-w s-N-¿-p-¶-p-ï-m-h-p-w. a-®-n-\-S-n-b-nÂ k-p-j-p-]-v-X-n-b-n-e-m-b-n-c-p-¶ t-N-\-b-p-w I-m-̈ -n-e-p-w I-q-h-b-p-s-a-m-s-¡ D-d-¡-a-p-WÀ-¶-v

]-X-p-s-¡ X-n-c-n-\-o-«-n-̄ -p-S-§-p-w. a-®-n-\-S-n-b-n-s-e-m-f-n-̈ -n-c-p-¶ e-n-Ã-n-IÄ [-r-X-n-b-nÂ hÀ-®-̧ -q-¡Ä I-m-g-v-N-s-h-̈ -v a-®-n-t-e-¡-p X-s-¶ a-S-§-p-w. a-g-¡-m-e-̄ -v s-h-Å-s-¡-«-m-b-n a-m-d-m-d-p-Å ]-m-S-§-f-nÂ h-n-̄ -p h-n-X-b-v-¡-p-¶-X-v I-p-w-̀ -a-m-k-̄ -n-e-m-W-v. t-\À-̄ \-\-h-n-e-p-w a-p-f-̈ -p-h-c-p-h-m-\-p-w s-I-m-S-n-b t-h-\Â-̈ -q-S-n-s-\-b-p-w s-h-Å-s-¡-«-n-s-\-b-p-w {-]-X-n-t-c-m-[-n-¡-p-h-m-\-p-w t-i-j-n-b-p-Å h-n-̄ -n-\-§-f-m-W-v C-u s-]-m-S-n h-n-X-b-v-¡-m-b-n X-n-c-s-ª-S-p-¡-p-I.

a-o-\-a-m-k-̄ -nÂ N-q-S-v ]-c-t-I-m-S-n-b-n-s-e-̄ -p-w. I-¶-p-]-q-«-n I-«-b-p-S-̈ -p-s-h-̈ ]-m-S-§-f-nÂ s-h-b-nÂ a-c-o-N-n-I-IÄ X-oÀ-¡-p-w. I-c-n-ª-p-W-§-p-¶ A-h-k-m-\-s-̄ ]-pÂ-\-m-¼-n-s-\-m-̧ -w I-o-S-§-f-p-w N-s-̄ -m-S-p-§-p-w. {-K-o-j-v-a-̄ -n-s-â D-̈ -Ø-m-b-n-b-nÂ B-W-v h-S-t-¡ a-e-_-m-d-nÂ ]-q-t-c-m-Õ-h-w s-I-m-ï-m-S-p-I. a-o-\-a-m-k-̄ -n-s-e I-mÀ-̄ -n-I-\-mÄ a-p-XÂ h-k-t-́ -m-Õ-h-̄ -n-s-â ̀ -m-K-a-m-b-n I-\-y-I-a-mÀ I-m-a-t-Z-h-s-\ ]-q-h-n-«-p ]-q-P-n-̈ -p-X-p-S-§-p-w. N-m-W-I-̄ -n-e-p-w I-f-n-a-®-n-e-p-w I-m-a-s-â c-q-]-w s-a-\-s-ª-S-p-̄ -v ]-q-¡Ä-s-I-m-ï-e-¦-c-n-̈ -v s-h-

¡-p-w. I-m-a-s-\ A-e-¦-c-n-¡-p-h-m-\-m-b-n a-p-c-n-¡-n-e-p-w ¹-m-i-n-e-p-w s-N-¼-I-̄ -n-e-p-w \-c-b³-h-Å-n-b-n-e-p-w F-c-p-¡-n-e-p-w A-X-n-c-m-W-n-b-n-e-p-w H-s-¡ I-p-e-I-p-e-b-m-b-n ]-q-¡Ä h-n-c-n-ª-n-«-p-ï-m-h-p-w. t-h-\-e-n-s-â B-e-k-y-̄ -n-e-p-w s-X-̈ -n-b-p-w s-N-¼-c-

-̄n-b-p-w ]-q-¡Ä I-m-g-v-N-s-h-¡-p-w. I-ïÂ-¡-m-S-p-IÄ ]-q-̄ -p-e-b-p-¶-X-p-w ]-q-t-c-m-Õ-h-¡-m-e-̄ -m-W-v. I-m-h-p-I-f-nÂ ]-q-c-¡-f-n-b-p-w ]-q-c-w-I-p-f-n-b-p-w A-c-t-§-d-p-w. ]-q-c-w-\-m-f-nÂ I-m-a-s-\ a-p-ä-s-̄ ¹-m-h-n³-N-p-h-«-n-t-e-¡-v b-m-{-X-b-m-¡-p-¶-t-X-m-s-S ]-q-t-c-m-Õ-h-̄ -n-\-v X-n-c-È-o-e-h-o-g-p-w.

"N-¡-b-v-¡-p-̧ -n-Ã-, I-Å³ N-t-¡-«-p-, I-ï-mÂ a-n-ï-ï-, s-I-m-t-ï-m-b-v X-n-t-¶-m-s-«" F-s-¶-m-s-¡ I-m-W-m-a-d-b-̄ -p-\-n-¶-p-w ]-m-S-n-̧ -d-ª-v h-n-j-p-̧ -£-n ]-d-¶-p-h-c-p-w. t-a-S-h-n-j-p-h-n-s-â s-I-m-S-n-¡-q-d-I-f-p-bÀ-̄ -n \-m-S-m-s-I I-W-n-s-¡-m-¶-IÄ ]-q-̄ -p-e-b-p-w. s-\-¿-̧ -w N-p-«-p-w ]-S-¡-w-s-]-m-«-n-̈ -p-w k-a-r-²-n-b-p-s-S I-W-n-s-b-m-c-p-¡-n-b-p-w h-n-j-p-s-s-¡-\-o-«-w s-I-m-S-p-̄ -p-w k-z-o-I-c-n-̈ -p-w t-a-S-h-n-j-p-h-p-w ]-p-X-p-hÀ-j-̧ -n-d-b-p-w \-m-S-p-w \-m-«-m-c-p-w B-t-L-m-j-n-¡-p-w. I-¶-p-I-m-e-n-IÄ-¡-p-a-p-ï-m-h-p-w h-n-j-p-¡-W-n-b-p-w s-h-Å-c-n-b-p-w t-X³-h-c-n-¡-b-p-w

D-®-n-b-̧ -h-p-w H-s-¡-t-NÀ-¶ h-n-j-p-k-Z-y. t-a-S-w H-¶-n-\-v D-Z-b-̄ -n-\-v X-s-¶ IÀ-j-IÀ a-®-nÂ I-c-n-¡-n³-s-h-Å-w-s-I-m-ï-v \-\-h-p ]-IÀ-¶-v G-X-m-\-p-w s-\³-a-W-n-IÄ h-n-X-b-v-¡-p-w. C-X-n-\-v s-s-I-h-n-̄ -n-S-p-I F-¶-m-W-v ]-d-b-p-I.

H-m-t-c-m-t-c-m a-m-h-p-w I-m-b-v-̈ -t-X-m-t-c-m-t-c-m a-[-p-c-§Ä F-¶-h-n-[-w h-y-X-y-k-v-X c-p-N-n-b-p-w a-W-h-p-w a-[-p-c-h-p-w \-n-d-̈ -p-s-h-̈ t-X³-I-\-n-IÄ ]-d-h-s-b-t-¶-m s-s-]-X-s-e-t-¶-m h-n-t-h-N-\-a-n-Ã-m-s-X k-½-m-\-n-̈ -v a-p-̄ -È-n-a-m-h-p-IÄ N-m-c-n-X-mÀ-°-y-a-S-b-p-w. t-I-c-f-̄ -n-s-â k-z-́ -w ¹-m-h-p-I-f-p-a-p-ï-m-h-p-w I-q-«-̄ -nÂ-, I-m-b-m-b-p-w I-\-n-b-m-b-p-w t-h-\Â a-p-g-p-s-¡-b-p-w t-i-j-h-p-w. s-X-§-n-f-\-o-c-n-s-â-b-p-w ]-\-s-\-m-¦-n-s-â-b-p-w I-m-e-a-m-W-v H-m-t-c-m t-h-\-e-p-w. I-m-h-m-b I-m-s-h-m-s-¡ ]-q-̄ -p-e-b-p-¶-X-p-w A-h-n-s-S-s-b-m-s-¡ D-Õ-h-§Ä A-c-t-§-d-p-¶-X-p-w t-h-\-e-nÂ-X-s-¶. s-X-¿-h-p-w X-n-d-b-p-w ]-d-s-b-S-p--̧p-w s-I-«-p-I-m-g-v-N-b-p-w t-X-t-c-m-«-h-p-w I-m-g-v-N-h-c-h-p-w

H-s-¡-s-¡-m-ï-v \-m-S-m-b \-m-s-S-m-s-¡ D-Õ-h-e-l-c-n-b-nÂ B-d-m-S-p-w. t-a-f-s-̧ -c-p-¡-w-s-I-m-ï-p-w s-h-S-n-

]-S-l-§Ä-s-I-m-ï-p-w I-e-m-]-c-n-]-m-S-n-IÄ-s-I-m-ï-p-w c-m-h-n-s-\ ]-I-e-m-¡-n a-m-ä-p-w-, H-m-t-c-m D-Õ-h-̧ -d-¼-p-w. ]-Å-n-s-̧ -c-p-¶-m-f-p-w D-d-q-k-p-w B-ï-p-t-\À-̈ -I-f-p-w A-c-t-§-d-p-¶-X-p-w C-¡-m-e-̄ -p-X-s-¶.

t-h-\Â-̈ -q-S-nÂ h-ä-n-̄ -o-c-m-d-m-b ]-p-g-I-f-n-e-p-w \-o-c-n-S-§-f-n-e-p-w a-Õ-y-§-f-p-s-S ]-p-f-̧ -m-b-n-c-n-¡-p-w. \-oÀ-̧ -£-n-IÄ-¡-p-w t-Z-i-m-S-\-¡-n-f-n-IÄ-¡-p-w t-h-\Â k-a-r-²-n-b-p-s-S I-m-e-w-X-s-¶. t-h-\-e-d-p-X-n-¡-p a-p-¼-p X-s-¶ ]-£-n-IÄ ]-p-̄ ³ h-n-h-m-l-h-k-v-{-X-§-f-W-n-b-p-w. C-W-I-s-f I-s-ï-̄ -n I-q-s-S-m-c-p-¡-n a-p-«-b-n-«-v I-p-ª-p-§Ä h-n-c-n-ª-v ]-d-¡-a-p-ä-p-t-¼-m-t-g-¡-p-w C-S-h-̧ -m-X-n-b-p-s-S t-I-f-n-s-I-m-«-v X-p-S-§-n-b-n-«-p-ï-m-h-p-w.

t-a-S-̧ -̄ -n-\-v a-p-¼-m-b-n C-S-n-a-n-¶-e-n-s-â-b-p-w I-m-ä-n-s-â-b-p-w A-I-¼-S-n-t-b-m-s-S t-h-\Â-a-g h-c-p-w. h-c-ï-p-W-§-n-b a-®-nÂ \-n-¶-p-w DÀ-Æ-c-X-b-p-s-S l-r-Z-y-a-m-b a-W-a-p-b-c-p-w. A-S-p-̄ \-m-f-p-I-f-nÂ a-g-̧ -m-ä-I-f-p-s-S-b-p-w a-g-h-ï-p-I-f-p-s-S-b-p-w t-a-f-a-m-b-n-c-n-¡-p-w. t-̀ -I-k-w-K-o-X-w-s-I-m-ï-v c-m-{-X-n-IÄ a-p-J-c-n-X-a-m-b-n-c-n-¡-p-w. a-m-¼-g-§Ä X-o-c-m-d-m-h-p-t-¼-mÄ I-c-n-\-o-e-\-n-d-a-p-Å R-m-hÂ-]-g-§Ä ]-c-n-]-I-z-a-m-h-p-w. ]-p-X-p-a-g s-]-b-v-s-X-m-g-n-ª C-S-t-h-f-b-n-e-m-W-v h-m-f³-]-p-f-n-a-c-h-p-w N-«-p-I-¡-Å-n-b-p-w N-X-p-c-¡-Å-n-b-p-w ]-q-h-n-S-p-I. \-o-e-\-m-c-I-h-p-w a-p-Ã-b-p-w C-e-ª-n-b-p-w H-s-¡ ]-q-¡-p-¶-X-p-w C-t-X I-m-e-̄ -p-X-s-¶. t-a-S-w ]-n³-h-m-§-p-¶-t-X-m-s-S

a-®-n-\-p-w h-n-®-n-\-p-w I-p-¦-p-a-O-h-n ]-IÀ-¶-v K-pÂ-t-a-m-lÀ a-c-§Ä (s-a-b-v -̂v-f-hÀ-) ]-q-h-W-n-b-p-w. t-h-\Â-a-g-b-nÂ X-f-n-c-n-« X-c-p-¡-f-p-w e-X-I-f-p-w I-p-ä-n-s-̈ -S-n-I-f-p-w I-m-e-hÀ-j-̄ -n-s-â t-I-f-n-s-I-m-«-n-\-m-b-n I-m-t-X-mÀ-̄ -p \-nÂ-¡-p-w.

H-mÀ-¡-p-h-m-\-p-ï-v-, a-m-§-m-̈ -p-\ a-W-¡-p-¶ \-m-«-p-h-g-n-I-f-nÂ A-e-ª-p-\-S-¶-v-, a-m-t-́ -m-̧ -p-I-f-nÂ t-I-f-n-I-f-m-S-n-, C-S-b-v-¡-n-s-S h-o-W-p-I-n-«-p-¶ a-m-¼-g-§Ä I-S-n-̈ -p-X-n-¶-v-, I-i-p-h-ï-n s-]-d-p-¡-n h-n-ä-v I-S-e-b-p-w I-̧ -e-ï-n-a-nT-m-b-n-b-p-w h-m-§-n-̄ -n-¶-,-v A-¼-e-¡-p-f-̄ -nÂ a-Z-n-̈ -v I-p-f-n--̈,-v D-Õ-h-̧ -d-¼-p-I-f-nÂ a-ï-n-\-S-¶-v-, \-n-d-a-p-Å

kÀ-_-̄ -p-w X-®-n-a-̄ -\-p-w a-[-p-c-\-m-c-§-b-p-w h-m-§-n-¡-g-n-̈ -v s-s-]-Z-m-l-a-S-¡-n-, t-X-m-¶-p-t-¼-mÄ D-ï-v-, I-q-«-p-I-m-t-c-m-s-S-m-̄ -v BÀ-̄ -p-Ã-k-n-̈ -v I-f-n--̈p-\-S-¶-n-c-p-¶ _-m-e-y-̄ -n-s-â t-h-\Â-¡-m-e-w-,

P-o-h-n-X-¯-n-s-â a-m-¼-g-¡-m-e-w. ]-n-s-¶ h-b-e-n-s-e I-m-hÂ-a-m-S-¯-nÂ h-bÂ-¡-m-t-ä-ä-v D-d-§-n-t-¸-m-b I-u-a-m-c-¯-n-s-â t-h-\Â-¡-m-e-w. c-m-t-h-s-d-s-¨-Ã-p-t-h-m-f-w a-WÂ-¯-n-«-b-n-e-p-w-, ]-m-d-¸-p-d-¯-p-w I-q-«-q-I-m-t-c-m-s-S-m-¸-w s-k-m-d ]-d-ª-n-c-p-¶-v-, s-s-h-I-n-¡-n-S-¶-v ]-m-f-h-n-i-d-n-s-I-m-ï-v h-o-i-n-h-o-i-n h-n-bÀ-¸-m-ä-n A-d-n-b-m-X-p-d-§-n-t-¸-m-b b-u-Æ-\-¯-n-s-â t-h-\Â-¡-m-e-w-, P-o-h-n-X-¯-n-s-â-b-p-w.

H-S-p-h-n-e-n-X-m IÀ-¡-n-S-I-¯-n-e-p-w IÀ-®-n-I-m-c-w ]-q-¡-p-¶-, {-]-I-r-X-n-b-p-s-S I-\-n-h-p-IÄ H-s-¶-m-¶-m-b-n t-h-s-ï-¶-p-s-h-¨-v F-k-n-b-n-e-p-w {-^-n-U-v-P-n-e-p-w s-F-k-v I-j-W-§-f-n-e-p-w X-W-p-¸-n-¨ ̀ -£-W-¯-n-e-p-w A-`-b-a-t-\-z-j-n-¡-p-¶ hÀ-¯-a-m-\-I-m-e-¯-n-s-â t-h-\-e-p-w.

c-m-t-h-s-d-s-̈ -Ã-p-t-h-m-f-w a-WÂ-̄ -n-«-b-n-e-p-w-, ]-m-d-̧ -p-d-̄ -p-w I-q-«-q-I-m-t-c-m-s-S-m-̧ -w s-k-m-d ]-d-ª-n-c-p-¶-v-, s-s-h-I-n-¡-n-S-¶-v

]-m-f-h-n-i-d-n-s-I-m-ï-v h-o-i-n-h-o-i-n h-n-bÀ-̧ -m-ä-n A-d-n-b-m-X-p-d-§-n-t-̧ -m-b b-u-Æ-\-̄ -n-

s-â t-h-\Â-¡-m-e-w-, P-o-h-n-X-̄ -n-s-â-b-p-w.

Photo/Jayaraj T P


I-m-S-v C-h-n-s-S-\-n-¶-p-w A-I-s-e-b-Ã

A-J-nÂ F-w.F-k-v.

I-m-S-v C-h-n-s-S-\-n-¶-p-w A-I-s-e-b-Ã. a-p-f-¦-q-«-§Ä Z-q-s-c-\-n-¶-p-X-s-¶ I-m-W-m-w.

I-m-«-n-t-e-¡-p t-]-m-I-p-¶ h-g-n-b-nÂ I-m-«-p-]-m-e-IÄ ]-q-¯-p-\-nÂ-¡-p-¶-p-ï-m-I-p-w. A-X-n-s-â ]-q-h-p-IÄ h-g-n-b-n-e-m-s-I h-o-W-p-I-n-S-¡-p-w. H-ä-b-S-n-¸-m-X-IÄ-¡-v C-c-p-h-i-h-p-w ]-p-Ã-p-IÄ H-c-mÄ-s-]-m-¡-¯-nÂ h-fÀ-¶-p \-nÂ-¸-p-ï-m-I-p-w. ]-e c-m-{-X-n-I-f-n-e-p-w C-u ]-Ý-n-a-L-« a-e-\-n-c-I-f-p-s-S {-]-I-r-X-n-s-b R-m³ t-\-m-¡-n \-n-¶-n-c-p-¶-p.

]-n-¶-o-s-S-m-c-n-¡Â s-l³-{-S-n t-U-h-n-U-v t-X-m-t-d-m I-S-¶-p h-¶-p. {-]-I-r-X-n-b-n-t-e-¡-v X-m³ \-S-¯-n-b X-oÀ-°-b-m-{-X h-mÄ-U-\-n-e-q-s-S A-t-±-l-w ]-d-ª-p-h-b-v-¡-p-¶-p. h-mÄ-U³ \-Z-n-¡-c-b-nÂ G-I-\-m-b-n X-m-a-k-n-¨ I-m-e-

§Ä a-p-g-p-h³ s-l³-{-S-n t-U-h-n-U-v t-X-m-t-d-m k-z-b-w I-s-ï-¯-p-I-b-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p. A-t-±-l-w A-\-p-`-h-n-¨-p-X-oÀ-¯ P-o-h-n-X-w h-mÄ-U³ F-¶

t-]-c-nÂ ]-nÂ-¡-m-e-¯-v h-n-J-y-m-X {-K-Ù-a-m-b-n-a-m-d-n. K-m-Ô-n-, t-S-mÄ-k-v-t-ä-m-b-v-, s-l-a-n-w-K-v-t-h-, s-I-¶-U-n-, a-mÀ-«-n³ e-q-YÀ XpS§n t-e-m-I-w ]-n-¶-o-S-p-I-ï a-l-m-c-Y-•-mÀ t-X-m-t-d-m-s-b A-w-K-o-I-c-n-¡-p-I-b-p-w

¹-m-¨-n-a-S a-p-XÂ P-\-n-X-I h-n-¯-p-I-f-p-s-S h-n-]-W-n \-nÀ-½-n-¨ t-a-m¬-k-m-t-â-m I-¼-\-n-h-s-c h-mÀ-¯-I-f-nÂ

\-n-d-ª-p-\-n-¶-p. a-\-p-j-y³ a-\-p-j-y-\-p-t-a-e-p-w {-]-I-r-X-n-b-p-s-S-t-a-e-p-w k-r-ã-n-¨

N-q-j-W-¯-n-s-â a-p-d-n-h-p-IÄ D-W-§-m-s-X F-¡-m-e-h-p-w a-\-p-j-y-h-w-i-s-¯

]-n-´-p-S-c-p-¶-p.

A-t-±-l-¯-n-s-â I-s-ï-¯-e-p-I-s-f k-z-o-I-c-n-¡-p-I-b-p-w s-N-b-v-X-p. t-X-m-t-d-m-b-p-s-S {-]-k-à-n A-t-±-l-w {-]-I-r-X-n-b-nÂ \-n-¶-p-w k-z-b-w I-s-ï-¯-m³ ]T-n-¨-p-s-h-¶-p-Å-X-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p. {-]-I-r-X-n A-t-±-l-¯-n-s-â B-ß-m-h-n-t-e-¡-v B-g-¯-nÂ t-h-t-c-m-S-p-I-b-p-w A-X-nÂ-\-n-¶-p-w B-ß-Ú-m-\-¯-n-s-â-b-p-w k-l-hÀ-¯-n-X-z-¯-n-s-â-b-p-w A-X-n-P-o-h-\-¯-n-s-â-b-p-w ]-m-X-IÄ I-s-ï-¯-p-I-b-p-w s-N-b-v-X-p. h-mÄ-U³ \-Z-n-b-n-s-e H-m-f-¸-c-¸-nÂ k-z-Ñ-µ-a-m-b {-]-I-r-X-n-b-p-s-S \-n-i-Ð-X-b-nÂ t-X-m-t-d-m H-¶-c hÀ-j-w G-I-\-m-b-n P-o-h-n-¨-p. B I-m-e-w a-p-g-p-h³ P-o-h-s-\-b-p-w {-]-I-r-X-n-s-b-b-p-w \-n-c-´-c-w \-n-c-o-£-n-¡-p-I-b-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p A-t-±-l-w.

h-m-b-n-¡-m³ s-X-c-s-ª-S-p-¯ a-s-ä-m-c-p ]-p-k-v-X-I-w s-s-k-eâ-v k-v-{-]-n-w-K-v B-b-n-c-p-¶-p. ]-c-n-Ø-n-X-n k-w-c-£-W-¯-n-s-â s-s-_-_-nÄ F-¶-v F-¡-m-e-h-p-w k-v-a-c-n-¡-s-¸-S-p-¶ ]-p-k-v-X-I-¯-nÂ t-d-¨Â I-m-g-v-k³ U-n.U-n.ä-n. F-¶ h-n-j-l-m-c-n-b-m-b I-o-S-\-m-i-n-\-n-b-p-s-S

Photo/N A Naseer

24 IqSv 2014 Pqsse

h-y-m-]-I-a-m-b D-]-t-b-m-K-w h-c-p-¯-n-h-¨ t-Z-m-j-§-s-f t-e-m-I-¯-n-\-p a-p-¶-nÂ A-h-X-

c-n-¸-n-¨-p. \-n-c-´-c-w _-l-p-c-m-{-ã I-o-S-\-m-i-n-\-n \-nÀ-½-m-W I-¼-\-n-I-t-f-m-S-v \-n-b-a-b-p-²-¯-nÂ GÀ-s-¸-«-p-w-, t-e-m-I-w a-p-g-p-h³ k-©-c-n-̈ -v P-\-§-t-f-m-S-p k-w-h-Z-n-̈ -p-w A-hÀ X-s-â I-s-ï-̄ -e-p-IÄ {-]-N-c-n-̧ -n-̈ -p. H-S-p-h-nÂ U-n.U-n.ä-n. F-¶ a-m-c-I-h-n-]-̄ -n-s-\ X-q-s-̄ -d-n-b-m³ A-hÀ-¡-p k-m-[-n-̈ -p. B h-n-P-b-w ]-nÂ-¡-m-e-̄ -v t-e-m-I-s-a-§-p-w D-bÀ-¶ ]-c-n-Ø-n-X-n k-w-c-£-W-{-]-hÀ-

-̄\-§Ä-¡-v D-uÀ-P-a-m-b-n a-m-d-n.X-p-SÀ-¶-p ¹-m-̈ -n-a-S a-p-XÂ P-\-n-X-I h-n-̄ -p-I-

f-p-s-S h-n-]-W-n \-nÀ-½-n-̈ t-a-m¬-k-m-t-â-m I-¼-\-n-h-s-c h-mÀ-̄ -I-f-nÂ \-n-d-ª-p-\-n-¶-p. a-\-p-j-y³ a-\-p-j-y-\-p-t-a-e-p-w ]-nÂ-¡-m-e-̄ -v {-]-I-r-X-n-b-p-s-S-t-a-e-p-w k-r-ã-n-̈ N-q-j-W-̄ -n-s-â a-p-d-n-h-p-IÄ D-W-§-m-s-X F-¡-m-e-h-p-w a-\-p-j-y-h-w-i-s-̄ ]-n-́ -p-S-c-p-¶-p. t-I-m-f-\-n-IÄ k-r-ã-n-̈ I-t-¼-m-f-§Ä h-\-h-n-̀ -h k-a-m-l-c-W-§-f-nÂ B-Z-y-w-X-s-¶ N-q-j-W-s-̄ Ø-m-]-n-̈ -p. h-n-̀ -h-k-a-m-l-c-W-w h³-t-X-m-X-nÂ P-o-h-P-m-e-§-f-p-s-S-b-p-w k-z-m-̀ -m-h-n-I {-]-I-r-X-n-b-p-s-S-b-p-w \-m-i-̄ -n-\-p h-g-n-s-X-f-n-̈ -p. A-X-n-¶-p-w X-p-S-c-p-¶-p-s-h-¶-X-v k-¦Â-]-a-Ã b-m-Y-mÀ-°-y-w X-s-¶-b-m-W-v. t-I-m-f-\-n-h-e-v-¡-c-W-w ]-n-¶-o-S-v h-y-m-h-k-m-b-n-I h-n-¹-h-

-̄n-\-v h-g-n s-X-f-n-̈ -t-̧ -m-g-p-w h-n-I-k-\-̄ -n-s-â

t-]-c-nÂ N-q-j-W-w s-N-¿-s-̧ -S-p-¶ {-]-I-r-X-n-s-b B-c-p-w ]T-n-¡-m³ {-i-a-n-̈ -n-Ã. k-z-́ -w P-o-h-n-X-w I-c-p-̧ -n-S-n-̧ -n-¡-m³ H-m-S-n \-S-¡-p-¶ a-\-p-j-y-P-o-h-n-X-§-f-m-W-v \-a-p-¡-v N-p-ä-p-w. H-«-p-w k-a-b-w BÀ-¡-p-a-n-Ã. t-P-m-e-n-̄ -n-c-¡-v-, {-]-m-c-m-Ï-§Ä. I-k-v-X-q-c-n-c-w-K³ d-n-t-̧ -mÀ-«-v \-S-̧ -m-¡-m³ X-o-c-p-a-m-\-n-̈ -X-p-a-p-XÂ t-I-m-g-n-t-¡-m-S-v a-p-XÂ X-n-c-p-h-\-́ -]-p-c-w h-s-c A-{-I-a-h-p-w-, lÀ-̄ -m-e-p-I-f-p-w c-m-{-ã-o-b ]-n-́ -p-W-t-b-m-s-S \-S-¶-p. h-mÀ-̄ -m-a-m-[-y-a-§Ä A-s-X-m-c-p B-t-L-m-j-a-m-¡-n. F-¶-mÂ B d-n-t-̧ -mÀ-«-v A-X-n-s-â ]-qÀ-W-c-q-]-̄ -nÂ k-m-[-m-c-W-¡-m-c-m-b a-\-p-j-yÀ a-\-Ê-n-e-m-¡-n-t-b-m F-¶-X-v X-oÀ-̈ -b-n-Ã-m-̄ h-k-v-X-p-X-b-m-W-v. C-u h-n-j-b-w a-X-t-̄ -m-S-p-w c-m-{-ã-o-b-t-̄ -m-S-p-w C-S-I-eÀ-¶-X-p-w H-c-p {-]-t-X-y-I e-£-y-̄ -n-\-p-t-h-ï-n-b-m-W-v. A-X-m-W-v a-s-ä-m-c-m-f-mÂ \-n-b-{-́ -n-¡-s-̧ -S-p-¶ a-\-p-j-y-s-â A-h-Ø. A-h-s-â N-n-́ -b-v-¡-p-t-aÂ a-X-h-p-w c-m-{-ã-o-b-h-p-w X-S-Ê-w \-nÂ-¡-p-¶-p. IÀ-j-I-l-m-\-n-b-m-W-v F-¶-p ]-d-b-s-̧ -S-p-¶ C-u d-n-t-̧ -mÀ-«-v b-Y-mÀ-° IÀ-j-I-s-\ k-w-_-Ô-n-̈ -v H-«-p-w t-Z-m-j-I-c-a-Ã F-¶-X-m-W-v b-m-Y-mÀ-°-y-w. K-m-U-v-K-nÂ d-n-t-̧ -mÀ-«-v C-X-n-e-p-w t-a-•-b-p-Å-X-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p F-¶-X-v a-s-ä-m-c-p b-m-Y-mÀ-°-y-w. ]-Ý-n-a-L-«-w ]-p-I-b-p-¶-p F-¶-c-o-X-n-b-nÂ h-n-h-n-[ h-mÀ-̄ -IÄ ]-p-d-s-̧ -S-p-h-n-̈ a-m-[-y-a-§Ä-¡-v I-k-v-X-q-c-n-c-w-K³ d-n-t-̧ -mÀ-«-v X-Å-n-b-t-̧ -m-g-p-w P-\-{-]-X-n-\-n-[-n-I-s-f £-W-n-̈ -p-h-c-p-̄ -n NÀ-̈ -s-N-¿-m³ I-m-W-n-̈ a-n-S-p-¡-v h-m-k-v-X-h-̄ -nÂ ]-Ý-n-a-L-« k-w-c-£-W-̄ -n-s-â B-h-i-y-I-X P-\-§-s-f a-\-Ê-n-e-m-¡-p-¶-X-nÂ I-m-W-n-¡-m-a-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p. F-Ã-m a-m-[-y-a Ø-m-]-\-§-s-f-b-p-w X-Å-n-¡-f-b-p-¶-n-Ã. H-m-t-c-m a-m-[-y-a-̄ -n-\-p-w i-c-n-b-p-s-S -̀m-K-w P-\-§Ä-¡-p

\Â-t-I-ï _-m-[-y-X-b-p-ï-v. \-½Ä \-½-p-s-S a-\:k-m-£-n-t-b-b-p-w h-y-à-n-[À-½-s-̄ -b-p-w ]-ä-n N-n-́ -n-̈ -v X-e ]-p-I-b-v-t-¡-ï k-a-b-a-Ã. I-m-c-W-w C-u t-Z-i-s-̄ A-Y-h-m t-I-c-f-̄ -n-s-e P-\-§Ä-, D-bÀ-¶-s-X-¶-p I-c-p-X-s-̧ -S-p-¶ A-h-c-p-s-S _-u-²-n-I-a-m-b \-n-e-h-m-c-s-̄ -, N-n-́ -m-t-i-j-n-s-b h-n-e-b-n-c-p-t-̄ -ï k-µÀ-̀ -a-m-W-v C-X-v.

{-]-I-r-X-n B-c-p-s-S k-z-¯-m-W-v? A-S-n-Ø-m-\-]-c-a-m-b N-n-e t-N-m-Z-y-§Ä-¡-m-W-v \-½Ä D-¯-c-w I-s-ï-t-¯-ï-X-v. k-m-w-k-v-I-m-c-n-I-a-m-b-n D-bÀ-¶

H-c-p P-\-k-a-q-l-w. F-´-p-s-I-m-ï-v {-]-I-r-X-n-b-p-s-S I-m-c-y-¯-nÂ h-n-«-p-h-o-g-v-N s-N-¿-p-¶-n-Ã. C-h-n-s-S-b-m-W-v A-S-n-Ø-m-\-]-c-a-m-b h-n-Z-y-m-`-y-m-k-w t-N-m-Z-y-w s-N-¿-s-¸-S-p-¶-X-v. \-½Ä F-´-m-W-v ]T-n-¨-X-v? \-½-p-s-S \-n-e-\-nÂ-¸-n-s-â B-[-m-c-w F-´-m-W-v? a-m-[-h-v K-m-U-v-K-nÂ F-¶ a-\-p-j-y-s-â A-`-n-{-]-m-b-s-¯-b-p-w B-i-b-s-¯-b-p-w \-n-j-v-¡-c-p-W-w X-Å-m-\-p-w _-Z-e-m-b-n h-¶ d-n-t-¸-mÀ-«-v A-t-X c-o-X-n-b-nÂ k-a-c-§-f-n-e-q-s-S X-Å-n-¡-f-b-m-\-p-w {-i-a-n-¨ a-\:i-m-k-v-{-X-w F-´-m-W-v? \-½Ä BÀ-¡-p-t-h-ï-n-b-m-W-v ̀ -c-n-¡-s-¸-S-p-¶-X-v? I-m-e-L-«-w C-u t-N-m-Z-y-§Ä-¡-v D-¯-c-w X-c-p-w F-¶-p

I-c-p-X-p-¶-p. ̀ -c-n-¡-p-¶-h-\-p-w ̀ -c-n-¡-s-¸-S-p-¶-h-\-p-w H-t-c B-i-b-w D-bÀ-¯-p-t-¼-mÄ A-h-s-â ]-c-n-Ø-n-X-n H-ä-s-¸-S-p-¶-p. H-m-t-c-m a-\-p-j-y-\-p-w A-h-s-â h-y-à-n-X-mÂ-]-c-y-§Ä-¡-v a-p³-X-q-¡-w \Â-I-p-¶-p. A-X-p-s-I-m-ï-p-X-s-¶ k-¦-p-N-n-X-a-m-b C-u B-i-b-w c-m-{-ã-s-¯-t-b-m k-a-q-l-s-¯-t-b-m k-z-m-[-o-\-n-¡-p-¶-n-Ã-, A-X-v h-y-à-y-m-[-n-j-vT-n-X-a-m-W-v. C-X-m-W-v {-]-t-£-m-`-§-f-p-s-S a-\:i-m-k-v-{-X-w. h-y-à-n-X-mÂ-]-c-y-§-s-f l-\-n-¡-p-¶ X-o-c-p-a-m-\-§Ä ]-e-t-¸-m-g-p-w A-k-l-n-

j-v-W-p-X h-n-f-n-¨-p-h-c-p-¯-p-¶-p. ]-W-t-¯-¡-mÄ A-[-n-I-m-c-a-m-W-v P-\-§-f-p-a-m-b-n ̀ -c-W-I-q-S-s-¯ _-Ô-n-¸-n-¨-p \-nÀ-¯-p-¶-X-v. A-[-n-I-m-c-s-¡-m-X-n-b-•-mÀ X-§-f-p-s-S t-\-«-§Ä s-I-m-¿-m³ a-n-S-p-¡-•-m-c-m-W-v. P-\-§-s-f `-o-X-n-b-n-e-m-¡-n X-§-f-p-s-S h-n-f-h-v s-I-m-¿-m³ A-hÀ-¡-v I-g-n-b-p-¶-p. h-n-U-v-V-n-I-f-m-¡-s-¸-« H-c-p k-a-q-l-¯-n-s-\ D-bÀ-¯-m³ i-c-n-b-m-b ]-c-n-Ø-n-X-n-h-n-Z-y-m-`-y-m-k-w B-h-i-y-a-m-W-v.

\-½Ä F-h-n-s-S \-n-¶-m-W-v X-p-S-t-§-ï-X-v? C-h-n-s-S B-Z-y-w ]T-n-t-¡-ï-X-v k-z-´-w N-n-´-s-b k-z-X-{-´-a-m-¡-m-\-m-W-v. ]-n-s-¶ {-]-I-r-X-n

k-m-w-k-v-I-m-c-n-I-a-m-b-n D-bÀ-¶ H-c-p P-\-k-a-q-l-w. F-´-p-s-I-m-ï-v {-]-I-r-X-n-b-p-s-S I-m-c-y-¯-nÂ h-n-«-p-h-o-g-v-N s-N-¿-p-¶-n-Ã. C-h-n-s-S-b-m-W-v A-S-n-Ø-m-\-]-c-a-m-b h-n-Z-y-m-`-y-m-k-w t-N-m-Z-y-w s-N-¿-s-¸-S-p-¶-X-v.

t-e-J-\-w


\-a-p-¡-v \Â-I-p-¶ k-u-`-m-K-y-w X-n-c-n-¨-d-n-b-p-I F-¶-X-p-a-m-W-v. \-n-c-´-c-w A-[-n-I-m-c-hÀ-K-t-¯-m-S-v I-e-l-n-¨-p t-\-S-p-¶ A-h-I-m-i-§-f-p-s-S a-l-X-z-w H-m-t-c-m ]-u-c-\-p-w X-n-c-n-¨-d-n-b-W-w. A-[-n-I-m-c-n-IÄ-¡-p-w A-X-v t-_-m-[-y-a-m-I-W-w. \-Z-n-I-s-f a-e-n-\-a-m-¡-p-¶ H-m-t-c-m-c-p-¯-c-p-w-, a-®-nÂ a-m-e-n-\-y-§Ä h-e-n-s-¨-d-n-b-p-¶ H-m-t-c-m-c-p-¯-c-p-w-, a-c-§Ä a-p-d-n-¨-v h-nÂ-¡-p-¶ H-m-t-c-m-c-p-¯-c-p-w a-\-Ê-n-e-m-¡-W-w C-u ̀ -q-a-n \-½-p-s-S-X-m-s-W-¶-v. t-\-m-«-p-s-I-«-p-IÄ-¡-m-b-p-Å h-n-Z-y-m-`-y-m-k-a-m-W-v

C-h-n-s-S H-c-p _-ZÂ {-]-i-v-\-w. X-n-c-s-ª-S-p-¸-p-I-f-p-w A-`-n-c-p-N-n-I-f-p-w (preference and taste) k-m-¼-¯-n-I k-a-q-l-¯-nÂ I-m-X-e-m-b a-m-ä-w k-r-ã-n-¨-n-c-n-¡-p-¶-p.

h-n-Z-y-m-`-y-m-k-w k-m-¼-¯-n-I e-£-y-§Ä-¡-m-b-n h-g-n-]-n-c-n-ª-n-c-n-¡-p-¶-p. A-X-n-\-mÂ a-q-e-y t-I-{-µ-o-I-r-X h-n-Z-y-m-`-y-m-k-w ]-m-X-n-h-g-n-b-nÂ b-m-{-X D-t-]-£-n-¨-p. \-a-p-¡-v H-c-p h-n-Z-y-m-e-b-s-¯ \-n-c-o-£-n-¡-m-w. ̀ -q-a-n-b-nÂ CâÀ-t-e-m-¡-v s-N-b-v-X H-m-S-p-IÄ \-n-c-¯-n-b-n-c-n-¡-p-¶-p. a-c-p-`-q-a-n-b-nÂ h-f-c-p-¶ h-m-S-m-¯ ]-p-j-v-]-§Ä A-e-¦-m-c-a-m-b-n s-N-S-n-¨-«-n-b-nÂ \-n-c-¯-n h-¨-n-c-n-¡-p-¶-p-, A-X-n-

\-n-S-b-n-e-m-W-v ¢-m-Ê-v a-p-d-n. t-¹ k-v-I-q-f-n-s-â A-´-c-o-£-a-m-W-v h-n-h-c-n-¨-X-v. \-½-p-s-S I-p-«-n-IÄ F-´-m-b-n h-f-c-p-¶-p-s-h-¶-p N-n-´-n-¡-p-¶ F-{-X a-m-X-m-]-n-X-m-¡Ä \-a-p-¡-n-S-b-n-e-p-ï-v? I-¿-nÂ a-®-v ]-p-c-ï-mÂ t-Z-j-y-w ]-n-S-n-¡-p-¶ A-½. a-g-s-b-¡-p-d-n-¨-v `-b-s-¸-S-p-¯-n-b I-Y ]-d-b-p-¶ A-Ñ³. C-X-m-W-v C-¶-s-¯ I-p-«-n-b-p-s-S {-]-I-r-X-n- t-_-m-[-\-w. C-h-n-s-S \-n-¶-m-W-v \-½Ä X-p-S-t-§-ï-X-v. a-m-ä-w A-\-n-h-m-c-y-a-m-s-W-¶-v X-n-c-n-¨-d-n-b-p-I. A-X-m-W-v B-X-y-´-n-I-a-m-b-n C-\-n-b-p-ï-m-t-I-ï t-_-m-[-w.

I-g-n-ª I-m-e-§-f-nÂ \-½-p-s-S ]-d-¼-p-I-f-n-e-p-w s-X-m-S-n-I-f-n-e-p-w I-m-¡-¸-q-h-v-, s-N-¼-c-¯-n-, I-r-j-v-W I-n-c-o-S-w-, \-µ-y-mÀ-h-«-w-, I-\-I-m-w-_-c-w C-§-s-\ F-®-n-b-mÂ X-oÀ-¶-p-t-]-m-I-m-¯-{-X ]-q-h-p-I-f-p-ï-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p. A-h-b-v-¡-v A-h-b-p-t-S-X-p a-m-{-X-a-m-b \-n-d-h-p-w K-Ô-h-p-w D-ï-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p. F-´-n-\-v-, B k-k-y-i-c-o-c-§Ä-¡-p t-]-m-e-p-w H-m-t-c-m i-o-e-§-f-p-ï-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p. IÀ-¡-n-S-I-¸-¨ A-\-p-`-h-n-¨-d-n-b-W-w. B I-m-e-¯-v ]-d-¼-n-e-q-s-S \-S-¡-W-w. s-N-S-n-I-f-p-w-, a-c-§-f-p-w-, t-N-¼-n³ I-q-«-h-p-w A-]-m-c-a-m-b ]-¨-b-nÂ ]-q-ï-n-c-n-¡-p-w. H-c-p h-e-n-b ]-q-¡-m-e-¯-n-\-m-b-n C-h-s-c-m-s-¡ X-¿-m-s-d-S-p-¡-p-I-b-m-W-v. a-g-¡-m-e-¯-v ]-£-n-I-s-f H-¶-v I-m-W-m³ I-q-S-n I-n-«-n-Ã. ]-d-¼-n-s-e ]-¨-b-nÂ I-r-j-v-W-I-n-c-o-S-§Ä [-m-c-m-f-a-p-ï-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p.

N-p-h-¶ s-N-¼-c-¯-n-b-p-w-, A-S-p-¡-p s-N-¼-c-¯-n-I-f-p-w F-Ã-m h-o-«-n-e-p-w D-ï-m-h-p-w. h-f-s-c-¡-m-e-w a-p-¼-p-h-s-c A-X-§-s-\ X-s-¶-b-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p. N-n-e h-o-S-p-I-f-nÂ s-N-¼-c-¯-n-b-p-s-S F-{-X-t-b-m h-n-h-n-[ X-c-§Ä D-ï-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p. A-h-s-c-m-s-¡ C-u ]-q-h-p-I-s-f-¡-p-d-n-t-¨-mÀ-¯-v A-`-n-a-m-\-n-¡-m-d-p-ï-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p. N-n-§-w B-I-p-t-¼-m-t-g-¡-p-w ]-p-Ã-p a-p-XÂ a-c-§Ä h-s-c ]-q-h-n-«-p X-p-S-§-p-w. A-§-s-\ a-\-Ê-n-s-\ h-n-k-v-a-b-n-¸-n-¨ {-]-I-r-X-n-b-p-s-S H-c-p `-m-h-w a-m-{-X-a-m-W-v C-¶-v \-a-p-¡-v C-u ]-g-b N-n-{-X-§Ä. \-a-p-¡-v s-s-I-t-a-m-i-w h-¶-X-p-w C-X-t-{-X. k-z-m-`-m-h-n-I {-]-I-r-X-n-b-p-s-S ]-c-n-hÀ-¯-\-w I-m-W-n-¡-m-\-m-W-v t-aÂ-]-d-ª-h D-Z-m-l-c-W-a-m-b-n F-S-p-¯-X-v.

t-e-m-I-w A-S-p-¯-n-s-S NÀ-¨ s-N-¿-s-¸-« ]-m-c-n-Ø-n-X-n-I Z-p-c-´-§-f-nÂ H-¶-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p C-t-´-m-t-\-j-y-b-n-s-e a-g-¡-m-S-p-IÄ F-®-¸-\-I-r-j-n-¡-m-b-n h³-t-X-m-X-nÂ s-h-«-n-\-i-n-¸-n-¡-p-¶-X-v. B-t-K-m-f-]-c-n-Ø-n-X-n k-w-L-S-\-b-m-b {-K-o³-]-o-k-v A-X-n-s-â N-n-{-X-§Ä {-]-k-n-²-o-I-c-n-¡-p-I-b-p-ï-m-b-n. A-t-\-I-w P-o-h-P-m-e-§-f-p-s-S B-h-m-k-t-I-{-µ-a-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p C-u a-g-¡-m-S-p-IÄ. A-h-b-p-s-S \-m-i-w-, C-u Z-z-o-]-p-c-m-{-ã-¯-n-\-v h³ B-L-m-X-w D-ï-m-¡-p-s-a-¶-X-v X-oÀ-¨-b-m-W-v. c-ï-m-b-n-c-¯-n \-m-e-n-s-e k-p-\-m-a-n-b-p-w ]-n-¶-o-S-p-ï-m-b ̀ -q-I-¼-h-p-w h-f-s-c-b-[-n-I-w \-m-i-w h-n-X-¨ H-c-p c-m-P-y-a-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p C-t-´-m-t-\-j-y. F-¶-n-«-p-w A-hÀ ]-mT-w ]T-n-¡-m³ X-¿-m-d-m-b-n-«-n-Ã. C-u \-n-Ê-w-K-X h-g-n-h-b-v-¡-p-¶-X-v h³ B-L-m-X-§Ä-¡-m-b-n-c-n-¡-p-w. C-t-´-m-t-\-j-y-b-nÂ k-w-`-

h-n-¨-X-p-X-s-¶-b-m-W-v t-I-c-f-¯-n-e-p-w I-g-n-ª A-c \-q-ä-m-ï-nÂ k-w-`-h-n-¨-p-s-I-m-ï-n-c-n-¡-p-¶-X-v. I-p-S-n-t-b-ä-w a-q-e-w ]-c-n-Ø-n-X-n k-¦-oÀ-W-a-m-b-n N-p-c-p-§-n. I-r-j-n-¡-p-w t-X-m-«-h-n-f-IÄ-¡-p-a-m-b-n h-\-`-q-a-n h³-t-X-m-X-nÂ I-t-¿-d-n. A-X-p-a-q-e-w h-\-§-f-p-s-S H-c-p `-m-K-w I-p-S-n-t-b-ä-¡-mÀ-¡-v A-h-I-m-i-s-¸-«-X-m-b-n. B-Z-y-I-m-e-§-f-nÂ I-r-j-n-t-b-m-S-v I-m-W-n-¨ B-ß-mÀ-°-X t-K-m-{-X h-n-t-[-b-X-z-w B-b-n-c-p-s-¶-¦-nÂ I-r-j-n-b-p-w IÀ-j-I-\-p-w A-{-]-k-à-a-m-¡-s-¸-« C-u k-a-b-¯-p-w A-t-X t-]-c-nÂ h³-s-I-m-Å-IÄ \-S-¡-p-¶-p F-¶-X-m-W-v b-m-Y-mÀ-°-y-w. t-K-m-{-X-k-¦-e-v-]-w I-r-j-n-s-b X-s-â A-X-n-P-o-h-\-a-m-b-n I-ï-n-c-p-¶-p. t-Z-h-X-m t-Z-h-•-m-c-p-w A-t-X-m-s-S-m-¯-p-Å B-N-m-c-§-f-p-w C-X-n-\-v k-m-[-p-X \Â-I-p-¶-p-ï-v.

a-\-p-j-y-\-nÂ \-n-¶-p-w A-\-y-a-Ã-m-¯ {-]-I-r-X-n-b-nÂ {-]-I-r-X-y-m-c-m-[-\ \-n-e-h-nÂ h-¶-p. I-m-h-p-I-f-p-w I-p-f-§-f-p-w X-s-¶-s-b-S-p-¡-m-w. kÀ-¸-m-c-m-[-\-b-p-w h-r-£-m-c-m-[-\-b-p-w B-c-y³ k-¦Â-]-§Ä-¡-p a-p-¼-p-X-s-¶ {-Z-m-h-n-U t-K-m-{-X-§Ä B-N-c-n-¨-n-c-p-¶-p. I-p-S-n-t-b-ä-w k-r-ã-n-¨ h-n-S-h-n-e-q-s-S {-]-I-r-X-n-b-p-w a-\-p-j-y-\-p-w c-ï-p X-«-n-t-e-b-v-¡-v a-m-d-n. ̀ -q-a-n ]-W-w s-I-m-¿-m³ a-m-{-X-a-p-Å h-k-v-X-p-h-m-b-n I-W-¡-m-¡-m³ X-p-S-§-n-b-X-p-a-p-XÂ B \-m-i-w B-c-w-`-n-¡-p-I-b-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p. d-ºÀ-, t-X-b-n-e I-r-j-n-¡-m-b-n F-{-X-t-b-m h-\-w s-h-«-n \-i-n-¸-n-¡-p-I-b-p-ï-m-b-n. I-q-S-m-s-X P-e-N-q-j-W-w-, I-Å-¡-S-¯-v F-¶-n-h-b-n-e-q-s-S-b-p-w {-]-I-r-X-n-, \-m-i-w G-ä-p-h-m-§-n. A-«-¸-m-S-n-b-n-s-e-b-p-w s-]-c-n-b-m-d-n-s-e-b-p-w k-w-`-h-§Ä t-I-c-f-w t-\-c-n-«-v I-ï-X-m-W-v. B-d-•-p-f A-i-m-k-v-{-X-o-b h-n-I-k-\-h-n-]-¯-n-s-â ]-p-X-n-b Z-r-ã-m-´-a-m-W-v. h-n-a-m-\-¯-m-h-f ]-²-X-n-¡-m-b-n B-b-n-c-¡-W-¡-n-\-v G-¡À s-\Â-¸-m-S-a-m-W-v \-n-I-¯-s-¸-S-p-¶-X-v. H-m-t-c-m h-b-e-n-e-q-s-S-b-p-w B-b-n-c-¡-W-¡-n-\-v e-n-äÀ P-e-w H-m-t-c-m a-g-b-n-e-p-w `-q-a-n-b-n-t-e-¡-v B-g-v-¶-n-d-§-p-¶-p. G-¡À I-W-¡-n-\-v `-q-a-n \-n-I-¯-s-¸-S-p-t-¼-mÄ \-a-p-¡-v \-ã-a-m-I-p-¶ P-e-k-¼-¯-n-s-\-¸-ä-n B-c-p-w N-n-´-n-¡-p-¶-n-Ã. P-e-s-¯ B-{-i-b-n-¨-p P-o-h-n-¡-p-¶ A-t-\-I-w P-o-h-P-m-e-§-f-p-w A-t-X-m-s-S C-Ã-m-X-m-I-p-w.

A-S-p-¯-n-s-S X-h-f-I-f-p-s-S-b-p-w X-p-¼-n-I-f-p-s-S-b-p-w \-m-i-w h³-t-X-m-X-nÂ s-I-m-X-p-I-p-I-s-f s-]-c-p-I-m³ k-l-m-b-n-¨-p-s-h-¶ ]T-\-d-n-t-¸-mÀ-«-v h-¶-n-c-p-¶-p. H-m-t-c-m a-g-¡-m-e-¯-p-w B-hÀ-¯-n-¡-s-¸-S-p-¶ ]-IÀ-¨-h-y-m-[-n-I-f-p-s-S a-q-e-I-m-c-W-§-f-nÂ H-¶-v C-X-m-W-v. a-m-e-n-\-y-w I-p-¶-p-I-q-S-p-¶ \-K-c-§-f-nÂ I-m-¡-I-f-p-w ]-c-p-´-p-I-f-p-w a-m-e-n-\-y-§-f-nÂ s-s-P-h-m-h-i-n-ã-§Ä C-Ã-m-X-m-¡-p-¶-X-n-\-v h-f-s-c k-l-m-b-n-¡-p-¶-p-ï-v. A-S-p-¯-I-m-e-¯-m-b-n a-m-e-n-\-y-§-f-n-s-e c-m-k-h-k-v-X-p-k-m-¶-n-[-y-w a-q-e-w \-n-c-h-[-n ]-c-p-´-p-IÄ N-¯-p-h-o-W-p. c-ï-m-b-n-c-¯-n \-m-e-nÂ s-I-m-Ã-w I-SÂ-X-o-c-¯-v h³-t-X-m-X-nÂ a-Õ-y-§Ä N-¯-S-n-b-p-I-b-p-ï-m-b-n. C-s-X-Ã-m-w I-m-W-n-¡-p-¶-X-v \-½-p-s-S ̀ -m-h-n H-«-p-w t-i-m-`-\-a-Ã F-¶-p X-s-¶-b-m-W-v. A-X-p-s-I-m-ï-v-, \-a-p-¡-v X-p-S-t-§-ï-X-v {-]-I-r-X-n-t-b-m-S-p-Å B-Z-c-h-nÂ \-n-¶-m-I-W-w. I-m-c-W-w-, {-]-I-r-X-n-b-n-s-e H-m-t-c-m A-W-p-h-p-w \-½-p-s-S P-o-h-s-\-t-¸-m-s-e X-p-e-y-a-m-b-X-p-w {-]-[-m-\-s-¸-«-X-p-a-m-W-v. a-\-Ê-v G-I-m-{-K-a-m-¡-n `-q-a-n-b-nÂ ]-m-Z-§Ä s-X-m-«-p-\-n-e-v-¡-W-w. h-•-c-§-f-n-t-e-¡-p-w a-l-m-\-Z-n-I-f-n-t-e-¡-p-w t-\-m-¡-n \-n-e-v-¡-p-I. A-h-b-p-s-S a-l-¯-m-b ZÄ-i-\-w a-\-p-j-y-a-\-k-n-s-\ k-m-£-mÂ-¡-m-c-¯-nÂ F-¯-n-¡-p-w. A-X-t-{-X P-o-h-n-X-¯-n-s-â a-[-p-c-w.

H-m-t-c-m a-g-¡-m-e-¯-p-w B-hÀ-¯-n-¡-s-¸-S-p-¶ ]-IÀ-¨-h-y-m-[-n-I-f-p-s-S a-q-e-I-m-c-W-§-f-nÂ H-¶-v C-X-m-W-v. a-m-e-n-\-y-w I-p-¶-p-I-q-S-p-¶ \-K-c-§-f-nÂ I-m-¡-I-f-p-w ]-c-p-´-p-I-f-p-w a-m-e-n-\-y-§-f-nÂ s-s-P-h-m-

h-i-n-ã-§Ä C-Ã-m-X-m-¡-p-¶-X-n-\-v h-f-s-c k-l-m-b-n-¡-p-¶-p-ï-v.

Photo/N A Naseer

26 IqSv 2014 Pqsse N-n-{-X-h-p-w N-n-´-b-p-w


t-U-m. D-®-n-I-r-j-v-W³ ]-p-f-n-¡Â

]-c-s-¶-m-g-p-I-p-¶ B-I-m-i-K-w-K-b-p-s-S X-o-c-¯-v N-n-{-X-¸-W-n-I-f-p-Å i-p-{-`-I-w-_-f-w

h-n-c-n-¨-v t-Z-h-i-n-e-v-]-n C-c-p-¶-p. ]-pÂ-\-m-¼-p-a-p-XÂ i-e-`-§-fpw ]-d-h-I-f-p-w h-s-c-b-p-Å N-c-m-N-c-§-f-p-s-S t-c-J-m-N-n-{-X-§Ä h-c-¨-p h-¨-p. A-X-n-\-v P-o-h-s-â N-m-b-w t-X-¨-v-, k-v-t-\-l-¯-n-s-â a-W-w s-I-m-S-p-¯-v-, s-\-d-p-I-b-nÂ X-t-e-m-S-n-, H-s-¶-m-¶-m-b-n `-q-a-n-b-n-t-e-¡-b-¨-p. B-I-m-i-§-f-nÂ ]-d-¶-p-w P-e-m-i-b-§-f-nÂ \-o-´-n-b-p-w a-s-®-m-X-p-¡-p-I-f-nÂ C-g-ª-p-w P-o-h-s-â s-s-N-X-\-y-w A-hÀ `-q-a-n-b-nÂ \-n-d-¨-p. ]-q-h-m-w-I-p-c-p-¶-n-I-f-p-w

a-p-¡-p-ä-n-I-f-p-w ]-q-¯-p-\-n-¶ ]-pÂ-¯-I-n-S-n-I-f-nÂ a-m-{-X-w \-n-Ý-e-X-b-p-s-S \-n-gÂ h-o-g-p-¶-X-p I-ï t-Z-h³ s-N-d-p-i-n-e-v-]-s-a-m-¶-p X-oÀ-¯-v-, P-o-h-\-p-w k-v-t-\-l-h-p-w \-n-d-¨-v-, s-\-ä-n-b-nÂ I-s-¿-m-¸-v N-mÀ-¯-n-, a-®-n-t-e-¡-p h-n-«-p. A-t-\-z-j-n-¡-p-¶-hÀ-¡-p-w A-S-p-¯-p-t-\-m-¡-p-¶-hÀ-¡-p-w a-m-{-X-a-m-b-n I-c-p-X-n-s-h-¨-X-m-h-s-« \-n-s-â k-u-µ-c-y-w F-¶-v h-c-h-p-w s-I-m-S-p-¯-p

s-N-d-p-X-n-s-â h-e-n-¸-a-m-W-v a-m-t-{-I-m t-^-m-t-«-m-{-K-^-n-b-p-s-S h-n-j-b-w. A-S-p-¡-p-w t-X-m-d-p-w s-X-f-n-ª-p-h-c-p-¶ A-Û-p-X-§-f-m-W-v A-X-n-s-â e-£-y-w. £-a-, A-t-\-z-j-n-¡-m-\-p-Å a-\-Ê-v-, A-d-n-b-m-\-p-Å B-{-K-l-w F-¶-n-h D-s-ï-¦-nÂ P-•-w a-p-g-p-h³ X-n-c-ª-m-e-p-w I-ï-p-X-o-c-m-¯ h-n-j-b-k-¼-¯-m-W-v- \-n-§-s-f I-m-¯-n-c-n-¡-p-¶-X-v.

t-Z-h-i-n-e-v-]-n-b-p-s-S I-s-¿-m-¸-v

28 IqSv 2014 Pqsse

k-n-t-P-m s-]-m-d-¯-qÀ

R-m-ä-p-t-h-e-¡-n-f-n-IÄ ]-m-«-p-w-a-q-f-n-s-b-¯-n. a-e-b-m-f-¯-n-s-â ]-g-a-

\-Ê-p-I-f-nÂ A-a-r-X-v ]-IÀ-¶-v "\-q-d-p-s-h-b-n-e-p-w \-q-d-p-a-g--'b-p-a-m-b-n a-e-b-m-f-¯-n-s-â k-z-´-w X-n-c-p-h-m-X-n-c R-m-ä-p-t-h-e h-n-c-p-s-¶-¯-n. A-i-z-X-n-, `-c-W-n a-p-XÂ t-c-h-X-n-h-s-c-b-p-Å 27 R-m-ä-p-t-h-e-I-f-nÂ {-]-[-m-\-a-m-W-v X-n-c-p-h-m-X-n-c-, ]-p-WÀ-X-w-, ]-q-¿-w-, B-b-n-e-y-w R-m-ä-p-t-h-e-IÄ. C-h-b-nÂ-X-s-¶ G-ä-h-p-w {-]-[-m-\-s-¸-«-X-v X-n-c-p-h-m-X-n-c-b-p-w. "X-n-c-n-a-p-d-n-b-m a-g s-]-¿-p-w X-n-c-p-h-m-X-n-c-s-b-h-n-s-S-t-¸-m-b-n-, X-n-c-p-h-m-X-n-c-b-nÂ X-n-c-p-X-I-r-X-n-, X-n-c-p-h-m-X-n-c-b-nÂ \-n-d-¨-p \-S-W-w \-S-p-X-e-IÄ....-' X-p-S-§-n-b ]-g-s-©-m-Ã-p-IÄ X-n-c-p-h-m-X-n-c R-m-ä-p-t-h-e-b-p-s-S {-]-m-[-m-\-y-w h-n-f-n-¨-d-n-b-n-¡-p-¶-p. I-mÀ-j-n-I s-N-e-h-p-IÄ ]-c-a-m-h-[-n I-p-d-b-v-¡-m³ R-m-ä-p-t-h-e-IÄ t-\-m-¡-n I-r-j-n-s-N-b-v-X-n-c-p-¶ ]-qÀ-Æ-n-IÀ \-a-p-¡-p-ï-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p. h-e-n-b ]T-n-t-¸-m ]-{-X-m-t-k-m C-s-Ã-¦-n-e-p-w R-m-ä-p-t-h-e I-e-ïÀ-X-s-¶ A-hÀ-¡-p-ï-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p. A-h-c-p-s-S P-o-h-n-X-s-¯ {-I-a-s-¸-S-p-¯-n-b-X-p-w P-o-h³ \-n-e-\-nÀ-¯-n-b-X-p-w R-m-ä-p-t-h-e-I-f-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p.

F-´-m-W-v R-m-ä-p-t-h-e?

R-m-b-d-n-s-â (k-q-c-y³-) \-n-e-b-m-W-v R-m-ä-p-t-h-e. k-q-c-y³ G-X-p \-£-{-X-¯-n-e-m-t-W-m

\-nÂ-¡-p-¶-X-v A-X-m-W-v R-m-ä-p-t-h-e F-¶-d-n-b-s-¸-S-p-¶-X-v. A-X-m-b-X-v k-q-c-y-s-â Ø-m-\-w X-n-c-p-h-m-X-n-c \-£-{-X-¯-n-e-m-s-W-¦-nÂ A-X-v X-n-c-p-h-m-X-n-c R-m-ä-p-t-h-e. a-ä-p R-m-ä-p-t-h-e-I-f-p-s-S i-c-m-i-c-n s-s-ZÀ-L-y-w ]-X-n-a-q-¶-c Z-n-h-k-a-m-s-W-¦-nÂ X-n-c-p-h-m-X-n-c-b-p-t-S-X-v 15 Z-n-h-k-a-m-W-v. 27 R-m-ä-p-t-h-e-I-f-nÂ 10 F-®-w \-Ã a-g e-`-n-¡-p-¶-h-b-m-W-v. R-m-ä-p-t-h-e c-m-{-X-n ]-n-d-¡-W-s-a-¶-m-W-v ]-g-a-¡-mÀ ]-d-ª-n-c-p-¶-

X-v. "c-m-{-X-n-b-nÂ h-c-p-¶ a-g-b-p-w c-m-{-X-n-b-nÂ h-c-p-¶ A-X-n-Y-n-b-p-w t-]-m-I-n-s-Ã-'¶-v A-hÀ-¡-v ]-g-s-©-m-Ã-p-a-p-ï-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p. "]-IÂ ]-n-d-¡-p-¶ R-m-ä-p-t-h-e-I-f-nÂ ]-n-¨-¸-m-f-s-b-S-p-¡-m-'-s-a-¶-p-w A-hÀ-¡-d-n-b-m-a-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p. a-g X-o-s-c I-p-d-h-m-b-n-c-n-¡-p-s-a-¶À-°-w.

F-´-p-s-I-m-ï-v X-n-c-p-h-m-X-n-c?

a-e-b-m-f-n s-\-t-©-m-S-p-t-NÀ-¯-p-h-¨ R-m-ä-p-t-h-e-b-m-W-v X-n-c-p-h-m-X-n-c. i-m-k-v-{-X-k-m-t--¦-X-n-I-h-n-Z-y H-«-p-t-a h-n-I-k-n-¡-m-¯ I-m-e-¯-v

""h-n-c-s-e-m-S-n-¨-v I-p-¯-n-b-mÂ s-]-m-S-n-¡-p¶

X-n-c-p-h-m-X-n-c...''

a-g-b-p-s-S h-c-h-p-w t-]-m-¡-p-w I-m-ä-n-s-â K-X-n-h-n-K-X-n-I-f-p-w h-n-f-b-p-s-S I-m-e-{-I-a-h-p-s-a-Ã-m-w \-½-p-s-S ]-qÀ-Æ-n-IÀ-¡-v \-Ã- X-oÀ-¨-b-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p. X-n-c-p-h-m-X-n-c R-m-ä-p-t-h-e-b-nÂ H-c-p Z-n-h-k-w A-a-r-X-v s-]-¿-p-s-a-¶-p-w H-c-p Z-n-h-k-w c-à-a-g s-]-¿-p-s-a-¶-p-w ]-g-a-¡-mÀ ]-d-ª-p-h-¨-p. A-a-r-X-v s-]-¿-p-¶-X-v F-¶-m-s-W-¶-v A-d-n-b-m-¯-X-n-\-mÂ Z-n-h-k-h-p-w H-c-p I-h-nÄ a-g-s-h-Å-w I-p-S-n-¡-W-s-a-¶-p-w A-hÀ \-n-j-v-IÀ-j-n-¨-p. s-s-h-Z-y-•-mÀ a-g-s-h-Å-w t-i-J-c-n-¨-p-h-¨-n-c-p-¶-p; a-c-p-¶-p-ï-m--¡-m³. A-§-s-\ ]-g-b-I-m-e-s-¯ a-c-p-¶-p-IÄ a-r-X-k-R-v-P-o-h-\-n-b-m-b-n. G-g-c Z-n-h-k-w a-g-b-p-w G-g-c Z-n-h-k-w s-h-b-n-e-p-a-m-b-n X-n-c-p--h-m-X-n-c a-e-b-m-f-s-¯ k-¼-¶-a-m-¡-p-¶-p. a-g-b-p-w s-h-b-n-e-p-w k-a-a-m-b-n I-n-«-p-s-a-¶-X-m-W-v "X-n-c-p-h-m-X-n-c-b-nÂ \-q-d-p-a-g-b-p-w \-q-d-p-s-h-b-n-e-p-w-' F-¶ ]-g-s-©-m-Ã-n-\-v B-[-m-c-w. X-n-c-p-h-m-X-n-c-b-nÂ h-n-X-b-v-¡-p-¶ h-n-¯-p-IÄ s-N-d-p-I-n-f-n-I-s-f B-IÀ-j-n-¡-p-s-a-¶-X-n-\-mÂ I-r-j-o-h-e-•-mÀ P-m-{-K-X ]-p-eÀ-¯-n-b-n-c-p-¶-p. A-§-s-\ \-a-p-¡-v I-n-f-n-b-m-«-p-]-m-«-p-I-f-p-a-p-ï-m-b-n. G-e-w-s-I-«-v F-s-¶-m-c-p c-o-X-n-b-p-ï-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p. h-f-s-c e-f-n-X-a-m-b P-e-k-w-`-c-W h-n-Z-y. s-h-f-p-¯ a-p-ï-n-s-â \-m-e-p-h-i-h-p-w I-p-ä-n-I-f-nÂ D-d-¸-n-¨-v a-g-s-h-Å-w t-i-J-c-n-¡-p-¶ c-o-X-n-b-m-W-X-v. H-u-j-[-\-nÀ-a-m-W-¯-n-\-m-W-v C-§-s-\ t-i-J--c-n-¡-p-¶ s-h-Å-w D-]-t-b-m-K-n-¨-n-c-p-¶-X-v. X-n-c-p-h-m-X-n-c-b-nÂ s-]-¿-p-¶ a-g-s-h-Å-w I-p-S-n-¡-m³ a-Õ-y-§Ä P-t-e-m-]-c-n-X-e-¯-nÂ h-¶-v h-m X-p-d-¶-p-\-nÂ-¡-p-s-a-¶-v I-S-e-n-s-â a-¡-f-p-s-S k-m-£-y-w. a-\-p-j-y-\-p-w a-r-K-§Ä-¡-p-w t-Z-l-c-£ s-N-¿-p-¶-X-n-\-v B-b-pÀ-t-Æ-Z-w

G-g-c Z-n-h-k-w a-g-b-p-w G-g-c Z-n-h-k-w s-h-b-n-e-p-a-m-b-n X-n-c-p--h-m-X-n-c a-e-b-m-f-s-¯ k-¼-¶-a-m-¡-p-¶-p. a-g-b-p-w s-h-b-n-e-p-w k-a-a-m-b-n I-n-«-p-s-a-¶-X-m-W-v "X-n-c-p-h-m-X-n-c-b-nÂ \-q-d-p-a-g-b-p-w \-q-d-p-s-h-b-n-e-p-w-' F-¶ ]-g-s-©-m-Ã-n-\-v

B-[-m-c-w.

\m«dnhpIÄ


h-n-[-n-¨-n-c-n-¡-p-¶ I-m-e-w I-q-S-n-b-m-W-v C-X-v.

\-S-p-X-e-IÄ-¡-v \-Ã-I-m-e-w

"h-n-c-s-e-m-S-n-¨-v I-p-¯-n-b-mÂ s-]-m-S-n-¡-p-'-s-a-¶-v X-n-c-p-h-m-X-n-c-¡-v a-®-n-e-[-z-m-\-n-¡-p-¶-h-c-p-s-S k-m-£-y-]-{-X-w. \-S-p-X-e-IÄ \-«-p-h-fÀ-¯-m³ G-ä-h-p-w a-n-I-¨-X-m-W-v X-n-c-p-h-m-X-n-c R-m-ä-p-t-h-e. X-n-c-p-h-m-X-n-c-b-nÂ F-Ã-p-a-p-d-n-s-b ]-W-n-s-b-S-p-¯-mÂ A-¯-¯-n-\-v C-c-p-¶-p-®-m-s-a-¶-X-p-w A-h-c-p-s-S A-\-p-`-h-k-m-£-y-a-m-W-v. I-p-c-p-a-p-f-I-p-h-Å-n-IÄ X-n-c-n-b-n-S-p-¶-X-v X-n-c-p-h-m-X-n-c-b-n-e-m-W-v. a-g-¯-p-Å-n-IÄ C-ä-n-ä-p-h-o-W-m-W-v I-p-c-p-a-p-f-I-n-s-â ]-c-m-K-W-w \-S-¡-p-¶-X-v. A-X-p-s-I-m-ï-m-W-v X-n-c-p-h-m-X-n-c R-m-ä-p-t-h-e I-p-c-p-a-p-f-I-n-s-â t-X-m-g-s-\-¶-p ]-d-b-p-¶-X-v. "]-p-d-¯-v X-n-c-n-b-n-«-p-, A-I-¯-v a-p-«-b-n-«-p-' F-s-¶-m-c-p s-N-m-Ã-p-t-]-m-e-p-a-p-ï-v.

B-t-K-m-f-h-X-v-I-c-W-I-m-e-¯-v

h-m-W-n-P-y-¯-n-s-\-¶ h-y-m-t-P-\ t-I-c-f-¯-n-s-e-¯-n-b h-n-t-Z-i-i-à-n-IÄ I-®-p-h-¨-X-v I-d-p-¯-s-]-m-¶-n-e-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p. I-p-c-p-a-p-f-I-n-s-â k-p-K-Ô-w A-h-s-c G-t-X-m A-Û-p-X-t-e-m-I-

t-¯-¡-v I-q-«-n-s-¡-m-ï-p-t-]-m-b-n. ]-X-p-s-¡ ]-X-p-s-¡ A-hÀ h³-t-X-m-X-nÂ I-p-c-p-

a-p-f-I-v I-S-¯-m³ X-p-S-§-n. H-S-p-¡-w I-p-c-p-a-p-f-I-p-h-Å-n-IÄ I-q-S-n -s-I-m-

ï-p-t-]-m-I-m³ X-p-S-§-n-b-t-¸-mÄ k-m-a-q-X-n-c-n c-m-P-m-h-n-s-â s-I-m-

«-m-c-¯-n-s-e {-]-a-m-W-n-a-m-c-nÂ B-t-c-m c-m-P-m-h-n-t-\-m-S-v

"\-½-p-s-S I-p-c-p-a-p-f-I-p-h-Å-n-IÄ A-hÀ

I-S-¯-n-s-¡-m-ï-p-t-]-m-I-p-¶-p-' F-¶-v

B-h-e-m-X-n ]-d-ª-t-¸-mÄ-, I-p-c-p-a-p-f-I-p-h-Å-n-I-f-t-Ã s-I-m-ï-p-t-]-m-I-m³ ]-ä-q X-n-c-p-h-m-X-n-c R-m-ä-p-t-h-e s-I-m-ï-p-t-]-m-I-m-\-m-I-n-Ã-t-Ã-m F-¶-v c-m-P-m-h-v a-d-p-]-S-n ]-d-ª-t-{-X. t-I-c-f-s-¯ l-c-n-X-m-`-a-m-¡-p-¶-X-nÂ X-n-c-p-h-m-X-n-c R-m-ä-p-t-h-e-b-v-¡-p-Å ]-¦-v A-Z-z-n-X-o-b-a-m-W-v F-¶-X-n-\-v C-X-n-e-p-w h-e-n-b s-X-f-n-h-p-t-h-ï. I-m-e-w ]-c-n-j-v-I-m-c-§Ä-¡-v h-g-n-a-m-d-n-s-b-¦-n-e-p-w t-I-c-f-¯-n-s-â \-m-«-n-S-h-g-n-I-f-nÂ C-t-¸-m-g-p-w X-n-c-p-h-m-X-n-c R-m-ä-p-t-h-e-b-p-s-S t-i-j-n-¸-p-I-f-m-b B-b-pÀ-t-Æ-Z H-u-j-[-n-I-f-p-w ]-¨-n-e-¨-mÀ-¯-p-I-f-p-w I-m-W-m-\-m-I-p-w. \-½-p-t-S-s-X-¶-v \-m-w A-h-I-m-i-s-¸-S-p-I-b-p-w D-u-ä-w-s-I-m-Å-p-I-b-p-w s-N-b-v-X-s-X-Ã-m-w B-t-K-m-f-I-p-¯-I-IÄ s-s-I-¸-n-S-n-b-nÂ H-X-p-¡-p-¶ C-u I-m-e-¯-v R-m-ä-p-t-h-e-I-s-f K-r-l-m-X-p-c-a-m-b H-mÀ-a-I-f-m-b-n D-Å-n-s-e-m-X-p-t-¡-ï-n-h-c-p-¶-X-v a-e-b-m-f-n-b-p-s-S i-m-]-w.

P-o-h-n-X-c-o-X-n-b-nÂ h-¶ a-m-ä-h-p-w H-¶-n-\-p-w k-a-b-a-n-Ã-m-X-m-b-X-p-w a-e-b-m-f-n-t-b-b-p-w R-m-ä-p-t-h-e-I-s-f-b-p-w X-½-n-e-I-ä-n. \-m-«-p-\-•-b-p-s-S ]-IÀ-¨-I-s-f X-n-c-n-¨-p-]-n-S-n-¡-m-s-X--, a-®-n-s-\ ]-p-W-c-m-s-X-, ]-p-g-I-s-f-b-p-w ]-¨-¸-n-s-\-b-p-w h-c-p-w-X-e-a-p-d-b-v-¡-m-b-n I-c-p-X-n-h-b-v-¡-m-s-X \-a-p-¡-n-Ã i-m-´-n. A-h-k-m-\-w C-u ]-p-g-I-f-p-w I-n-f-n-I-f-p-w ]-q-¼-m-ä-I-f-p-w ]-p-Ã-p-w ]-pÂ-¨-m-S-n-I-f-p-w a-e-I-f-p-w I-p-¶-p-I-f-p-s-a-Ã-m-w C-h-n-s-S-¯-s-¶-b-p-ï-m-I-p-w. F-¶-mÂ C-u `-q-a-n-s-b h-m-k-t-b-m-K-y-a-Ã-m-X-m-¡-n-b a-\-p-j-y³ C-u \-o-e-K-r-l-¯-nÂ \-n-¶-v ]-p-d-´-Å-s-¸-S-p-w. X-oÀ-¨. Photo/Praveen P Mohandas

30 IqSv 2014 Pqsse

K-o-X-p \-n-j-m-\-n-

]-Ý-n-a-L-« k-w-h-m-Z-b-m-{-X-b-p-s-S I-m-c-y-w ]-d-ª-X-v k-l-t-Z-h-\-¦-n-f-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p.

A-¶-p-s-X-m-«-v t-h-\-e-h-[-n-¡-p-t-h-ï-n I-m-¯-n-c-n-¡-p-I-b-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p. 11-þ-m-w X-o-b-X-n R-§Ä t-_-U-I-¯--n-t-e-¡-v b-m-{-X X-n-c-n-¨-p. A-h-n-s-S C-Ã-y-m-k-v a-m-a³ I-m-¯-p-\-nÂ-¡-p-¶-p-ï-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p. c-m-{-X-n G-s-d s-s-h-I-n-s-b-¦-n-e-p-w F-\-n-¡-p-d-§-m³ I-g-n-ª-n-Ã. k-z-]-v-\-§Ä a-n-¶-n-a-d-b-p-I-b-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p a-\-Ê-nÂ. A-½-]-d-b-p-w \-½-s-f D-d-¡-m-X-n-c-n-¡-p-¶-X-m-W-v \-½-p-s-S k-z-]-v-\-w A-Ã-m-s-X D-d-§-p-t-¼-mÄ I-m-W-p-¶-X-Ã-m- F-¶-v. b-m-{-X-s-b-¸-ä-n t-I-«-t-¸-mÄ s-X-m-«-v R-m³ k-z-]-v-\-w I-ï-p-X-p-S-§-n-b-n-c-p-¶-p. c-m-h-n-s-e s-s-h-I-n-b-m-W-p-WÀ-¶-X-v. l-c-o-j-v a-m-a-s-â h-o-S-p \-n-d-s-b h-e-n-b _-m-K-p-I-f-p-a-m-b-n \-n-d-s-b B-f-p-IÄ h-¶-p \-n-d-ª-n-c-p-¶-p. A-X-nÂ \-k-oÀ a-m-a³-, Z-b-m-_-m-b-n X-p-S-§-n-b {-]-i-k-v-X-c-p-w D-ï-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p. \-k-oÀ a-m-a-\-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p b-m-{-X-b-p-s-S I-y-m-]-v-ä³. a-m-a-s-â I-q-s-S C-X-n-\-p-a-p-¼-v ]-e-X-h-W I-m-«-nÂ t-]-m-b-n-«-p-ï-v. Z-b-m-_-m-b-n-b-p-s-S I-q-s-S t-I-m-g-n-t-¡-m-S-v H-c-p ]-c-n-]-m-S-n-¡-v t-]-m-b-n-«-p-ï-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p. ]-n-s-¶ I-p-s-d t-]À a-p-¼-v ]-c-n-N-b-a-n-Ã-m-¯-h-c-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p. F-Ã-m-h-c-p-a-m-b-n s-]-s-«-¶-v I-q-«-m-b-n.

12-þ-m-w X-o-b-X-n c-m-h-n-s-e s-X-m-«-v ]-c-n-]-m-S-n-IÄ X-p-S-§-n. D-u-c-m-f-n S-o-a-n-s-e a-mÀ-«-n-\-¦-nÂ I-p-«-n-IÄ-¡-m-b-n {-]-t-X--y-I ]-c-n-]-m-S-n-IÄ \-S-¯-n. t-_-U-I-¯-n-s-e I-p-«-n-I-f-p-w ]-s-¦-S-p-¯-p. s-s-h-I-o-«-v k-w-h-m-Z-b-m-{-X-b-p-s-S D-Z-v-L-m-S-\-w \-S-¶-p. I-p-s-d a-m-a³-a-mÀ ]-c-n-Ø-n-X-n-{-]-i-v-\-§-s-f-¡-p-d-n-s-¨-m-s-¡ {-]-k-w-K-n-¡-p-¶-p-ï-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p. A-X-n-\-p-t-i-j-w D-u-c-m-f-n S-o-a-n-s-â ]-m-«-p-IÄ D-ï-m-b-n.

]-n-s-¶ F-\-n-¡-v G-ä-h-p-w C-j-v-S-s-¸-« C-\-a-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p-þ-B-Z-n-h-m-k-n \-r-¯-w. ]-n-t-ä-¶-v A-X-n-c-m-h-n-s-e \-S-¯-w X-p-S-§-n. R-§Ä ]-m-«-p-]-m-S-n I-q-«-wI-q-«-a-m-b-n \-S-¶-p. H³-]-X-p a-W-n-b-m-b-t-¸-mÄ H-c-p ]-p-g-t-b-m-c-¯-v h-n-{-i-a-n-¨-p. R-§Ä I-p-«-n-IÄ H-c-p k-w-L-a-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p. A-j-v-d-^-v-, t-{-i-b-, I-_-n-X-, I-n-¨-p-, k-q-c--y-t-N-¨-n-, I-p-©-p A-§-s-\. R-§Ä ]-p-g-b-n-t-e-¡-v F-S-p-¯-p N-m-S-n. h-e-n-b-hÀ ]-p-g-t-b-m-c-¯-v A-S-p-¸-pI-q-«-n `-£-W-w X-¿-m-d-m-¡-n. h-n-{-i-a-¯-n-\-p-t-i-j-w b-m-{-X X-p-SÀ-¶-p. t-d-m-U-c-n-I-n-e-p-Å I-i-p-a-m-§-b-p-w-, N-m-¼-b-p-w-, a-m-§-b-p-s-a-m-s-¡ ]-d-n-¨-p X-n-¶-v-, C-S-b-v-¡-v I-m-W-p-¶ h-o-S-p-I-f-n-s-e-m-s-¡ I-b-d-n h-n-t-i-j-§-s-f-m-s-¡ t-N-m-Z-n-¨-v-, I-h-e-I-

f-nÂ k-w-L-w t-NÀ-¶-v-, ]-c-n-Ø-n-X-n K-m-\-§Ä ]-m-S-n A-§-s-\ F-s-â k-z-]-v-\-b-m-{-X a-p-t-¶-d-n. {-]-I-r-X-n-k-v-t-\-l-n-I-f-p-s-S h-o-S-p-I-f-n-e-p-w K-h. k-v-I-q-f-n-e-p-w R-§Ä A-´-n-b-p-d-§-n. H-c-p-]-m-S-v ]-p-g-I-f-p-w-, a-e-\-n-c-I-f-p-w-, I-z-m-d-n-I-f-p-w-, B-Z-n-h-m-k-n t-I-m-f-\-n-I-f-p-w I-ï-p. h-b-\-m-«-n-s-e s-N-d-p-h-bÂ c-m-a³ a-m-a-s-â h-f-s-c ]-g-¡-a-p-Å ]-p-Ã-p t-a-ª a-t-\-m-l-c-a-m-b h-o-S-p-I-ï-p. a-m-a³ h-n-¯-p-IÄ k-q-£-n-¨-v a-ä-p IÀ-j-IÀ-¡-v s-I-m-S-p-¡-p-¶ h-e-n-s-b-m-c-p a-\-p-j--y- \-m-W-v. R-m³ C-\-n-b-p-w h-o-«--p-I-m-t-c-m-s-S-m-¯-v a-m-a-s-â h-o-«-nÂ t-]-m-I-m³ X-o-c-p-a-m-\-n-¨-n-«-p-ï-v. F-\-n-¡-v a-m-a-s-\ h-e-n-b C-j-v-S-a-m-b-n.

R-§Ä C-c-p-]-t-X-m-f-w ]-p-g-I-f-nÂ I-p-f-n-¨-p. F-Ã-m ]-p-g-I-f-p-w s-a -e-n -ª-n -c - n -¡-p -¶-p. F-\-n-¡-v k-¦-S-w t-X-m-¶-n. I-p-´-n-¸-p-g-b-n-e-m-W-v I-p-d-s-¨-¦-n-e-p-w s-h-Å-w D-f-f-X-v. F-g-p-¯-p-I-m-c-\-m-b t-_-m-_-n-b-¨-s-\ b-m-{-X-b-nÂ \-n-¶-v ]-c-n-N-b-s-¸-«-p. A-¨-\-p-w R-m-\-p-w ]-p-g-b-nÂ I-p-f-n-¨-p. R-§Ä I-p-t-d t-^-m-t-«-m-IÄ F-S-p-¯-p. A-¨-s-â ]-p-k-v-X-I-§Ä A-½ h-m-b-n-¡-p-¶-X-v R-m³ I-ï-n-«-p-ï-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p. s-N-§-d-, A-c-n-¸ X-p-S-§-n N-n-e k-a-c-Ø-e-§-f-n-s-e-m-s-¡ X-§-n. A-h-c-p-s-S I-p-t-d {-]-i-v-

\-§-s-f-m-s-¡ t-I-«-p. N-n-e-s-c-m-s-¡ k-¦-S-§Ä ]-d-b-p-¶-p-ï-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p. A-hÀ \-Ã `-£-W-h-p-w X-m-a-k-n-¡-m³ k-a-c-¸-´-e-p-w X-¶-p. R-§Ä s-N-§-d-b-nÂ t-]-m-b Z-n-h-k-w A-h-n-s-S-s-b-m-c-p A-½-q-½ a-c-n-¨-n-c-p-¶-p. A-h-c-p-s-S i-h-a-S-¡-nÂ ]-s-¦-S-p-¯-p. I-p-©-p I-p-t-d I-c-ª-p. A-h-\-v a-c-n-¨-p-t-]-m-b A-h-s-â A-½-m-h-s-\ H-mÀ-½-h-¶-p.

]-¯-\-w-X-n-« P-n-Ã-b-n-e I-e-ª-qÀ ̀ -m-K-¯-v \-n-d-s-b I-z-m-d-n-I-f-m-W-v. I-z-m-d-n-s-¡-X-n-s-c [-o-c-\-m-b-n k-a-c-w \-b-n-¡-p-¶ k-t-´-m-j-v a-m-a-s-\ ]-c-n-N-b-s-¸-«-p. a-m-a³ h-e-n-s-b-m-c-p I-z-m-d-n-¡-S-p-¯-p-Å H-c-p I-p-ª-p h-o-«-nÂ s-I-m-ï-p-t-]-m-b-n. A-X-v \-S-c-m-P-a-m-a-s-â h-o-S-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p. a-m-a³ X-s-â H-t-c-¡À Ø-e-w h-o-S-p--w Ø-e-h-p-w C-Ã-m-¯ ]-¯-p t-]À-¡-v Z-m-\-a-m-b-n \Â-I-n I-z-m-d-n D-S-a-IÄ-s-¡-X-n-s-c k-a-c-w i-à-a-m-¡-n-b-n-c-n-¡-b-m-W-v. C-u b-m-{-X-b-nÂ R-m³ I-ï G-ä-h-p-w h-e-n-b ]-c-n-Ø-n-X-n k-v-t-\-l-n a-m-a-\-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p.

b-m-{-X X-n-c-p-h-\-´-]-p-c-w P-n-Ã-b-n-t-e-¡-v I-S-¶-t-X-m-S-p-I-q-S-n-, R-§Ä-¡-v k-¦-S-a-m-b-n X-p-S-§-n. b-m-{-X A-h-k-m-\-n-¡-m-d-m-b-n-s-b-¶ N-n-´ F-Ã-m-h-c-n-e-p-w \-n-d-ª-p. R-§Ä-¡-v ]-m-t-e-m-S-v {-K-m-a-¯-nÂ h-e-n-b k-z-o-I-c-W-w GÀ-¸-m-S-v s-N-b-v-X-n-c-p-¶-p. k-m-e-n ]-m-t-e-m-S-v-, I-a-d-p-±-o³ k-mÀ X-p-S-§-n H-c-p-]-m-S-v {-]-I-r-X-n k-v-t-\-l-n-IÄ \-n-d-ª \-m-S-m-W-v ]-m-t-e-m-S-v. A-h-n-s-S-b-m-W-v s-s-P-hk-¼-¶-a-m-b s-]-c-n-§-a-e-.- k-m-e-n k-m-d-n-s-â h-o-«-nÂ c-m-{-X-n X-§-n. d-w-e Bâ-n R-§Ä-¡-v \-Ã ̀ -£-W-w X-¶-p. ]-n-t-ä-¶-v R-§Ä B-\-µ-n-c-m-a-N-{-µ³ F-¶ F-g-p-¯-p-I-m-c-n-b-p-s-S h-o-«-nÂ X-§-n. Bâ-n s-I-m-S-p-¯ Ø-e-¯-v R-§Ä k-p-K-X-I-p-a-m-c-n S-o-¨-t-d-m-t-S-m-¯-v I-m-h-v \-«-p. A-h-n-s-S a-m-f-h-n-I t-N-¨-n-b-p-s-a-m-¯-v a-e-I-b-d-n. t-N-¨-n R-§Ä-s-¡-m-¸-w \-Ã I-q-«-m-b-n. ]-n-t-ä-¶-v b-m-{-X A-h-k-m-\ Z-n-h-k-¯-n-t-e-¡-v I-S-¶-p. R-§Ä I-m-¸-p-I-m-S-v F-¶ Ø-e-s-¯-¯-n. A-h-n-s-S-b-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p k-a-m-]-\-w. R-§Ä H-m-t-c-m-c-p-¯-c-m-b-n b-m-{-X-m-\-p-`-h-w \-m-«-p-I-m-c-p-a-m-b-n ]-¦-p-s-h-¨-p. c-m-{-X-n-t-b-m-s-S X-s-¶ F-Ã-m-h-c-p-w ]-n-c-n-ª-p t-]-m-b-n. h-e-n-b I-c-¨-n-e-p-w _-l-f-h-p-a-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p. R-m³ k-v-I-q-f-nÂ t-]-m-b-t-¸-m-g-p-w F-s-â a-\-Ê-nÂ \-n-d-s-b ]-Ý-n-a-L-« b-m-{-X-b-n-s-e NÀ-¨-I-f-p-w-, ]-m-«-p-I-f-p-w-, ]-p-g-b-n-s-e I-p-f-n-b-p-w-, X-a-m-i-I-f-p-w-, I-q-«-p-I-m-c-p-w \-n-d-ª-v \-nÂ-¡-p-I-b-m-W-v. H-c-n-¡-e-p-w a-m-b-m-¯ a-t-\-m-l-c-a-m-b H-mÀ-a-I-f-p-w A-\-p-`-h-§-f-p-a-m-W-v ]-Ý-n-a-L-« k-w-h-m-Z-b-m-{-X F-\-n-¡-v k-½-m-\-n-¨-X-v. k-l-t-Z-h³ A-¦-n-f-n-t-\-m-S-p-w b-q-¯-v U-b-t-e-m-K-v {-]-hÀ-¯-I-t-c-m-S-p-w k-o-_-, b-m-a-n-\-n Bâ-n-t-b-m-S-p-w a-s-ä-Ã-m-h-t-c-m-S-p-a-p-Å {-]-t-X--y-I-w k-v-t-\-l-w R-m³ a-\-Ê-nÂ k-q-£-n-¡-p-¶-p.

¢‑m‑Ê‑v‑þ7‑, K‑h. t‑a‑m‑UÂ t‑KÄ‑k‑v k‑v‑I‑qÄ‑,

X‑r‑È‑qÀ

R-§Ä I-ï ]-Ý-na-L-«-w

bm{X¡pdn¸pIÄ

A³‑]‑Xp Zn‑h‑kw \o‑ ïp‑\n‑¶ ]‑Ýn‑a‑L‑«‑kw‑hm‑Z‑bm‑{X‑bnÂ B‑Zy‑h‑km‑\w ]‑s¦‑Sp‑¡m‑\p‑Å `m‑Kyw e‑`n‑¨ Ip‑«n‑I‑fm‑Wv Xr‑ÈqÀ tam‑UÂ tKÄ‑kv kv‑Iq‑fnÂ ]Tn‑¡p‑¶ Ko‑Xp‑hpw I‑_n‑X‑bpw. hn‑kv‑a‑bn‑¸n‑¡p‑¶ {]‑Ir‑Xn‑sb D‑Ån‑te‑¡m‑hm‑ln‑¨v \‑S‑¶p‑XoÀ‑¯ A‑h‑cp‑sS bm‑{Xm‑\p‑`‑h‑§Ä.

R-m³ k-v-I-q-f-nÂ t-]-m-b-t-¸-m-g-p-w F-s-â a-\-Ê-nÂ \-n-d-s-b ]-Ý-n-a-L-« b-m-{-X-b-n-s-e NÀ-¨-I-f-p-w-, ]-m-«-p-I-f-p-w-, ]-p-g-b-n-s-e I-p-f-n-b-p-w-, X-a-m-i-I-f-p-w-, I-q-«-p-I-m-c-p-w

\-n-d-ª-v \-nÂ-¡-p-I-b-m-W-v.

Photo/Youth Dialogue


I-_-n-X \-n-j-m-\-n-

R-m³ I-_-n-X \-n-j-m-\-n-, A-©-m-w ¢-m-Ê-nÂ ]T-n-¡-p-¶-p. h-f-s-c-b-

[-n-I-w k-t-´-m-j-h-p-w-, B-t-e-m-N-\-b-p-s-a-m-s-¡ X-¶ h-e-n-s-b-m-c-p b-m-{-X I-g-n-ª-p h-¶-n-«-v c-ï-p Z-n-h-k-a-m-I-p-¶-p. I-m-kÀ-t-I-m-S-v a-p-XÂ X-n-c-p-h-\-´-]-p-c-w h-s-c 50 Z-n-h-k-s-a-S-p-¯-v H-c-p ]-Z-b-m-{-X t-]-m-b-n. ]-Ý-n-a-L-« a-e-\-n-c-I-f-p-s-S A-S-p-¯-p-I-q-s-S-b-m-W-v b-m-{-X t-]-m-b-X-v b-m-{-X-s-b-¸-ä-n A-½-b-p-w A-Ñ-\-p-w ]-d-ª-t-¸-mÄ B-Z-y-w h-e-n-b D-Õ-m-l-s-a-m-¶-p-w t-X-m-¶-n-b-n-c-p-¶-n-Ã. F-¶-mÂ b-m-{-X X-p-S-§-n I-p-d-¨-v Z-n-h-k-§Ä I-g-n-ª-t-¸-mÄ b-m-{-X A-h-k-m-\-n-¡-p-¶-X-n-t-\-¸-ä-n B-t-e-m-N-n-¡-p-¶-t-X k-¦-S-a-m-b-n X-p-S-§-n.

]-Ý-n-a-L-« a-e-\-n-c-I-s-f k-w-c-£-n-¡-m-\-p-w-, IÀ-j-I-c-p-s-S {-]-i-v-\-§Ä t-\-c-n-«-d-n-b-m-\-p-w t-IÄ-¡-m-\-p-a-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p b-m-{-X. b-m-{-X-b-n-s-e A-\-p-`-h-§Ä h-f-s-c k-p-µ-c-a-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p.

H-c-p-]-m-S-v ]-p-g-I-f-p-w a-e-\-n-c-I-f-p-w-, I-m-S-p-I-f-p-w-, ]-£-n-I-f-p-w F-Ã-m-w I-ï-p. a-e-a-p-I-f-n-s-e ]-m-d-I-s-f-m-s-¡ s-]-m-«-n-¨-p-s-I-m-t-ï-b-n-c-p-¶-p. ]-m-d-a-S-I-f-nÂ \-n-¶-v h-e-n-b i-_-v-Z-§Ä-, A-S-p-¯-p-Å h-o-S-p-I-f-p-s-S N-p-a-c-p-IÄ h-nï-v I-o-d-n-b-n-c-n-¡-p-¶-p. I-p-S-n-s-h-Å-a-n-Ã-m-¯-X-m-W-v h-e-n-s-b-m-c-p {-]-i-v-\-w.

R-§Ä ]-IÂ \-S-¡-p-I-b-p-w c-m-{-X-n-b-m-I-p-

t-¼-mÄ k-v-I-q-f-n-t-e-m a-t-ä-m X-§-p-I-b-p-w s-N-b-v-X-p. F-Ã-m-h-c-p-w t-NÀ-¶-v ̀ -£-W-a-p-ï-m-¡-n I-g-n-¡-p-w. N-n-e-t-¸-mÄ \-m-«-p-I-mÀ X-c-p-w. A-X-v ]-¦-p-s-h-¨-v I-g-n-¡-p-w. H-c-p-]-m-S-v ]-p-g-I-f-nÂ X-n-a-nÀ-¯-v I-pf-n-¨-p. F-Ã-m ]-p-g-I-f-n-e-p-w s-h-Å-w X-o-s-c I-p-d-ª-v ]-p-g a-c-n-¨-p X-p-S-§-n-b-n-c-n-¡-p-¶-p. k-o-X-t-¯-m-S-v I-m-«-n-e-q-s-S F-«-p I-n-t-e-m-a-o-äÀ a-g-\-\-ª-v a-g-b-nÂ \-r-¯-w s-h-¨-v \-S-¶-p.

I-q-«-¯-nÂ k-e-o-j-v t-N-«³-, d-w-k-n-\-t-N-¨-n-, s-j-^-n-¡-v t-N-«³-, P-n-X-n-t-e-j-v t-N-«³-, {-^-m³-k-n-k-v F-Ã-m-h-c-p-w D-ï-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p. F-s-â I-m-e-nÂ B-Z-y-w A-«-I-S-n-¨-t-¸-mÄ t-]-S-n-¨-p -\-n-e-h-n-f-n-¨-p. ]-n-s-¶ A-«-b-p-a-m-b-n R-m³ \-Ã k-u-l-r-Z-¯-n-e-m-b-n. B-Z-n-h-m-k-n-I-f-p-s-S I-p-S-n-b-n-s-e-m-s-¡-t-]-m-b-n-, A-h-c-p-s-S h-n-j-a-§-s-f-m-s-¡ t-I-«-p. s-N-§-d-, A-c-n-¸ X-p-S-§-n-b k-a-c-`-q-a-n-b-n-s-e-m-s-¡ X-m-a-k-n-¨-p. A-h-c-p-s-S I-r-j-n-b-n-S-§-s-f-m-s-¡ k-µÀ-i-n-¨-p. ]-¶-n-i-e--y-¯-nÂ \-n-¶-p-w I-r-j-n-c-£-n-¡-m-\-m-b-n-, s-s-N-\-b-n-s-e h³-a-X-nÂ t-]-m-s-e h-e-n-b- a-X-nÂ s-N-§-d-b-nÂ ]-W-n-X-p s-I-m-ï-n-c-n-¡-p-¶-p. k-a-c-¡-mÀ A-\-p-`-h-n-¡-p-¶ I-j-v-S-¸-m-S-p-I-s-f-¡-p-d-n-¨-p ]-d-ª-p. h-f-s-c ]-m-h-s-¸-« Z-f-n-X-v h-n-`-m-K-¯-nÂ-s-¸-S-p-¶ IÀ-j-I-c-p-w I-q-e-n-¸-W-n-¡-m-c-p-a-m-W-v A-h-n-s-S I-p-ª-p-h-o-S-p-ï-m-¡-n X-m-a-k-n-¡-p-¶-X-v. A-hÀ R-§Ä-¡-v \-Ã ̀ -£-W-h-p-w I-n-S-¡-m³ A-h-c-p-s-S k-a-c-]-´-e-p-w X-¶-p. h-b-\-m-S-v-, P-n-Ã-b-n-s-e s-N-d-p-h-bÂ c-m-a³ a-m-a-\-p-w F-\-n-¡-v h-e-n-b A-Û-p-X-a-m-b-n. h-n-¯-v a-m-a-s-â h-o-«-nÂ t-]-m-b-X-n-\-p-t-i-j-w F-\-n-¡-v s-\Â-I-r-j-n s-N-¿-W-s-a-¶-v t-a-m-l-a-m-b-n. R-§-f-p-w C-u hÀ-j-w I-r-j-n X-p-S-§-m³ t-]-m-I-p-I-b-m-s-W-¶-v A-½-b-p-w A-Ñ-\-p-w ]-d-ª-p. h-n-¯-v a-m-a-s-â ]-m-S-w t-]-m-s-e h-o-S-p-w h-e-n-s-b-m-c-p A-Û-p-X-a-m-W-v. R-m³ C-\-n-b-p-w A-h-n-s-S t-]-m-I-p-w. R-§Ä b-m-{-X-b-p-s-S k-a-m-]-\-¯-n-t-e-¡-v A-S-p-¯-t-¸-mÄ F-Ã-m-hÀ-¡-p-w k-¦-S-a-m-b-n. F-\-n-¡-v \-Ã I-q-«-p-I-m-s-c I-n-«-n-b-n-c-p-¶-p. t-{-i-b-, I-p-©-p-, k-q-c--y-t-N-¨-n-, A-j-v-d-^-v-, j-\-oÀ a-m-j-v-, j-w-\-m-Z-v \-m-c-m-b-W³ A§s\ [-m-c-m-f-w t]À. ]-n-s-¶ k-o-_- a-X-n-e-I-w (k-o-_-mâ-n-) B-b-n-c-p-¶-p I-p-«-n-I-f-p-s-S I-m-c--y -§Ä t-\-m-¡-n-b-n-c-p-¶-X-v. ]-n-s-¶ b-m-a-n-\-n Bâ-n-, d-w-k-n-\ t-N-¨-n F-Ã-m-h-c-p-sSbpw I-q-s-S \-Ã b-m-{-X. k-t-´-m-j-v-, k-l-t-Z-h³-, t-P-m¬-k¬-, ^-m-ZÀ h-t-«-m-e-n-, {-^-m³-k-n-k-v X-p-S-§-n F-Ã-m a-m-a³-a-m-t-c-m-S-p-w h-f-s-c-b-[-n-I-w \-µ-n-b-p-ï-v. R-m³ [-m-c-m-f-w b-m-{-X-I-f-p-w ]-c-n-Ø-n-X-n {-]-hÀ-¯-\-§-f-p-w \-S-¯-p-s-a-¶ D-d-¸-n-e-m-W-v ]-n-c-n-ª-p-t-]-m-b-X-v. C-u b-m-{-X H-c-n-¡-e-p-w a-\-Ê-nÂ \-n-¶-p a-m-b-n-Ã A-{-X-b-v-¡-p-w k-p-µ-c-a-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p.

¢‑m‑Ê‑v‑þ5‑, K‑h. t‑a‑m‑UÂ t‑KÄ‑k‑v

k‑v‑I‑qÄ‑, X‑r‑È‑qÀ

a-\-Ê-nÂ \-n-¶-p a-m-b-n-Ã C-u b-m-{-X...

H-c-p-]-m-S-v ]-p-g-I-f-nÂ X-n-a-nÀ-¯-v Ip-f-n-¨-p. F-Ã-m ]-p-g-I-f-n-e-p-w s-h-Å-w X-o-s-c I-p-d-ª-v ]-p-g a-c-n-̈ -p X-p-S-§-n-b-n-c-n-¡-p-¶-p.



32 IqSv 2014 Pqsse R§fpw ]£nIfpw


]-c-p-´-p-I-f-p-s-S X-m-g-v-h-m-c-wA-\-q-]-v F³.-BÀ.-, P-n-X-n³ F-w.-U-n.

]-Ý-n-a-L-« a-e-\-n-c-I-f-n-s-e G-ä-h-p-w h-e-n-b h-n-S-h-m-b ]-m-e-¡-m-S-v h-n-S-h-n-\-p h-S-¡-v-,

\-o-e-K-n-c-n a-e-\-n-c-I-f-p-s-S I-n-g-¡³ N-c-n-h-nÂ Ø-n-X-n s-N-¿-p-¶ A-X-n-k-¦-oÀ-®-h-p-w {-]-I-r-X-n-k-u-µ-c-y-w \-n-d-ª-p X-p-f-p-¼-p-¶-X-p-a-m-b `-q-{-]-t-Z-i-a-m-W-v t-a-m-b-mÀ X-m-g-v-h-m-c-w. I-r-X-y-a-m-b-n ]-d-ª-mÂ s-X-¡-p-I-n-g-¡-v \-o-e-K-n-c-n ]-oT-`-q-a-n-¡-p-w h-S-¡-p I-n-g-¡-m-b-n s-s-a-k-qÀ

X-e-a-s-s-e ]-oT-`-q-a-n-IÄ-¡-p-a-n-S-b-n-e-m-W-v

C-u X-m-g-v-h-m-c-¯-n-s-â b-Y-mÀ-° Ø-m-\-w. ]-p-c-m-X-\ I-m-e-¯-v `-q-a-n-i-m-k-v-{-X-]-c-a-m-b N-n-e {-]-X-n-`-m-k-§-f-mÂ \-o-e-K-n-c-n ]-oT-`-q-a-n-b-p-s-S {-I-t-a-W-b-p-Å D-bÀ-¨ (upsing) C-u X-m-g-v-h-m-c-¯-n-s-â c-q-]-s-¸-S-e-n-\-p I-m-c-W-a-m-b-n. a-m-{-X-h-p-a-Ã-, C-u {-]-X-n-`-m-k-w s-I-m-ï-v C-u X-m-g-v-h-m-c-¯-n-s-â I-n-g-s-¡ A-X-nÀ-¯-n-b-nÂ H-c-p KÀ-¯-w (t-a-m-b-mÀ KÀ-¯-w-) c-q-]-s-¸-S-p-I-b-p-w s-N-b-v-X-p. t-a-m-b-mÀ X-m-g-v-h-m-c-¯-n-s-â I-n-g-s-¡ A-X-nÀ-¯-n-b-nÂ a-p-X-p-a-e h-\-y-P-o-h-n k-t-¦-X-¯-n-s-â s-X-¡-p-\-n-¶-p-w B-c-w-`-n-¨-v G-I-t-Z-i-w 50 I-n.-a-o. \-o-f-

¯-n-e-m-W-v C-u KÀ-¯-¯-n-s-â Ø-m-\-w. ]-m-e-¡-m-S-v h-n-S-h-n-s-â c-q-]-o-I-c-W-¯-n-\-p-w C-t-X {-]-X-n-`-m-k-a-m-W-v I-m-c-W-a-m-b-s-X-¶-m-W-v ̀ -q-a-n-i-m-k-v-{-X-]-c-a-m-b \-n-K-a-\-w.

`-q-a-n-i-m-k-v-{-X-]-c-a-m-b-n H-t-«-s-d {-]-t-X-y-I-X-I-f-p-Å C-u {-]-t-Z-i-w h-\-y-P-o-h-n-I-f-m-e-p-w G-s-d k-a-r-²-a-m-W-v. ]-Ý-n-a-L-«-s-¯-b-p-w ]-qÀ-Æ-L-«-s-¯-b-p-w _-Ô-n-¸-n-¡-p-¶ H-c-n-S-\-m-g-n-b-m-W-o X-m-g-v-h-m-c-w. a-g-t-a-L-§-f-p-s-S I-S-¶-p-h-c-h-n-s-\ {-]-X-n-t-c-m-[-n-¨-v \-o-e-K-n-c-n a-e-\-n-c-IÄ \-nÂ-¡-p-¶-X-n-\-m-Â h-f-s-c-¡-p-d-¨-v a-g-a-m-{-X-a-m-W-v s-X-¡-p ]-S-n-ª-m-d³ a¬-k-q¬ I-m-e-L-«-¯-nÂ X-m-g-v-h-c-b-nÂ e-`-n-¡-p-¶-X-v. F-¶-mÂ h-S-¡-p I-n-g-¡³ I-m-e-hÀ-j-¯-nÂ K-W-y-a-m-b a-g e-`-n-¡-m-d-p-ï-v.

t-a-m-b-mÀ X-m-g-v-h-m-c-¯-n-s-e ]-c-p-´-p-hÀ-K-§-s-f-¡-p-d-n-¨-p-Å ]T-\-a-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p R§fpsS s-{-]-m-P-I-v-S-n-\-m-b-n s-X-c-s-ª-S-p-¯-X-v. ̀ -£-y- i-r-w-J-e-b-p-s-S G-ä-h-p-w D-b-c-¯-nÂ \-nÂ-¡-p-¶ C-u C-c-]-n-S-n-b-•-mÀ P-o-h-n-¡-p-¶ N-p-ä-p-]-m-S-nÂ a-ä-p- P-o-h-P-m-e-§-f-p-s-S (C-c-I-f-p-s-S-) F-®-w \-n-e-\-nÀ-¯-n-, B-h-m-k-h-y-h-Ø-b-p-s-S k-´-p-e-n-X-m-h-Ø \-n-e-\-nÀ-¯-p-¶-X-nÂ {-]-[-m-\ ]-¦-p-h-l-n-¡-p-¶-p. I-g-p-I-•-m-c-m-I-s-« {-]-I-r-X-n-b-n-s-e t-X-m-«-n-b-p-s-S [À-a-a-m-W-v \-n-d-t-h-ä-p-¶-X-v. a-r-X-i-c-o-c-§Ä a-m-{-X-w ̀ -£-n-¡-p-h-m-\-p-Å {-]-I-r-X-a-m-W-n-¡-q-«À-¡-v. s-]-m-X-p-s-h h-y-X-y-k-v-X-a-m-b ]-c-p-´-p-hÀ-¤-§Ä-¡-v P-o-h-\-£-a-a-m-

s-b-m-c-p N-p-ä-p-]-m-S-v B-t-c-m-K-y-a-p-Å B-h-m-k-h-y-h-Ø-b-p-s-S k-q-N-I-a-m-W-v. ̀ -£-y-]-n-c-a-n-U-n-s-e Ø-m-\-h-p-w a-µ-K-X-n-b-n-e-p-Å {-]-X-y-p-e-v-]-m-Z-\ {-]-{-I-n-b-b-p-w-, C-u h-n-`-m-K-¡-m-s-c s-]-m-X-p-s-h A-]-qÀ-h-c-p-w \-n-e-\-nÂ-¸-n-\-v G-ä-h-p-a-[-n-I-w `-o-j-W-n t-\-c-n-S-p-¶ ]-£-n-hÀ-K-h-p-a-m-¡-p-¶-p.

h-y-m-h-k-m-b-n-I h-n-¹-h-¯-n-\-p-t-i-j-a-p-Å-, c-m-k-h-k-v-X-p-¡-f-p-s-S A-a-n-X D-]-t-b-m-K-h-p-w B-h-m-k-h-y-h-Ø-b-p-s-S \-m-i-h-p-w ]-e ]-c-p-´-p-hÀ-K-§-f-p-s-S-b-p-w F-®-¯-nÂ h³ C-S-n-h-n-\-v I-m-c-W-a-m-b-n. C-u ]-Ý-m-¯-e-¯-nÂ D-j-v-W-t-a-J-e-m {-]-t-Z-i-¯-p a-m-{-X-w I-ï-p-h-c-p-¶ C-c-p-]-t-¯-g-v i-X-a-m-\-t-¯-m-f-w ]-c-p-´-p-hÀ-K-§-s-f s-X-m-®-q-d-p-I-f-p-s-S X-p-S-¡-¯-nÂ-X-s-¶ \-n-e-\-nÂ-¸-n-\-p ̀ -o-j-W-n t-\-c-n-S-p-¶ P-o-h-n-I-f-p-s-S IUCN ]-«-n-I-b-nÂ s-]-S-p-¯-p-I-b-p-ï-m-b-n. ]-e ]-c-p-´-p-I-f-p-w Z-oÀ-L-Z-q-c t-Z-i-m-S-I-c-m-W-v F-¶-X-v C-¡-q-«-c-p-s-S k-w-c-£-W-¯-n-\-v h-e-n-b s-h-Ã-p-h-n-f-n D-bÀ-¯-p-¶-p.

t-I-h-e-w \-m-e-p-a-m-k-w \-S-¯-n-b ]T-\-¯-nÂ a-p-¸-¯-n-a-q-¶-v C-\-¯-nÂ-s-¸-« ]-c-p-´-p-hÀ-¤-§-s-f t-a-m-b-mÀ X-m-g-v-h-m-c-¯-p-\-n-¶-p-w I-s-ï-¯-p-I-b-p-ï-m-b-n. a-m-{-X-h-p-a-Ã-, h-w-i-\-m-i-¯-n-s-â h-¡-n-e-p-Å N-p-«-n-¡-g-p-I-\-pÄ-s-¸-s-S \-m-e-p-X-c-w I-g-p-I-•-mÀ C-h-n-s-S I-q-S-p-I-q-«-p-¶-X-m-b-p-w I-m-W-s-¸-«-p. H-c-p ]-t-£-, t-e-m-I-¯-nÂ-X-s-¶ C-{-X-b-p-w

t-I-h-e-w \-m-e-p-a-m-k-w \-S-¯-n-b ]T-\-¯-nÂ a-p-¸-¯-n-a-q-¶-v C-\-¯-nÂ-s-¸-« ]-c-p-´-p-hÀ-¤-§-s-f t-a-m-b-mÀ X-m-g-v-h-m-c-¯-p-\-n-¶-p-w I-s-ï-¯-p-I-b-p-ï-m-b-n. a-m-{-X-h-p-a-Ã-, h-w-i-\-m-i-¯-n-s-â h-¡-n-e-p-Å N-p-«-n-¡-g-p-I-\-pÄ-s-¸-s-S \-m-e-p-X-c-w I-g-p-I·-mÀ C-h-n-s-S I-q-S-p-I-q-«-p-¶-

X-m-b-p-w I-m-W-s-¸-«-p.

Photo/Dileep Anthikadhenb In¶cn¸cp´v Mountain Hawk Eagle

34 IqSv 2014 Pqsse R§fpw ]£nIfpw

s-N-d-n-b H-c-p `-q-{-]-t-Z-i-¯-v C-{-X-b-p-a-[-n-I-w ]-c-p-´-p-hÀ-K-§-s-f I-m-W-p-h-m³ I-g-n-b-p-¶ Ø-e-§Ä h-f-s-c h-n-c-f-a-m-W-v.

]-c-p-´-p-I-f-p-s-S ]-d-¡-e-n-s-\ k-l-m-b-n-¡-p-¶ A-´-c-o-£-¯-n-s-e X-m-]-{-]-h-m-l-§-f-p-s-S-b-p-w X-m-]-aÀ-±-¯-n-s-â-b-p-w k-z-m-[-o-\-a-m-b-n-c-n-¡-p-w C-h-s-c B-IÀ-j-n-¡-p-¶ H-c-p L-S-I-w. a-s-ä-m-¶-v h-y-X-y-k-v-X B-h-m-k-h-y-h-Ø-I-f-p-s-S h-n-\-y-m-k-h-p-w ̀ -£-W-e-`-y-X-b-p-a-m-W-v. a-p³-]-v C-t-X Ø-e-§-f-nÂ \-S-¯-n-b ]T-\-§-f-n-t-e-m \-n-c-o-£-W-§-f-n-t-e-m I-m-W-m-¯ ]-e t-Z-i-m-S-I-s-c-b-p-w C-¶-v C-u X-m-g-v-h-m-c-¯-v I-m-W-m-w. B-t-K-m-f I-m-e-m-h-Ø-m h-y-X-n-b-m-\-h-p-a-m-b-n t-h-W-w C-X-v I-q-«-n-h-m-b-n-¡-p-h-m³.

t-a-m-b-m-d-n-s-e I-g-p-I-·mÀ

C-c-]-n-S-n-b-•-m-c-Ã-m-¯-, a-r-X-i-c-o-c-§Ä a-m-{-X-w `-£-n-¡-p-h-m-\-p-Å ]-c-n-W-m-a A-\-p-I-q-e-\-w t-\-S-n-b-h-c-m-W-v (scavengers) I-g-p-I-•-mÀ. s-]-m-X-p-s-h h-e-n-b I-q-«-a-m-b-n P-o-h-n-¡-m-d-p-Å C-¡-q-«À a-r-X-i-c-o-c-§Ä h-f-s-c t-h-K-w X-n-¶-p-X-oÀ-¯-v N-p-ä-p-]-m-S-n-s-\ h-r-¯-n-b-m-¡-n h-b-v-¡-p-¶-X-nÂ {-]-[-m-\ ]-¦-p-h-l-n-¡-p-¶-p. C-X-v ]-e t-c-m-K-§-f-p-s-S-b-p-w h-y-m-]-\-s-¯ X-S-b-p-¶-p. h-e-n-b I-q-«-a-m-b-n (coloneal) P-o-h-n-¡-m-d-p-Å

C-¡-q-«À I-m-g-v-N-b-p-s-S I-m-c-y-¯-nÂ h-f-s-c {-]-i-k-v-X-c-m-W-v.H-c-p I-m-e-¯-v s-X-¡-v I-n-g-¡³ G-j-y-b-nÂ {-]-t-X-y-I-n-¨-v D-¯-c `-m-c-X-¯-nÂ kÀ-Æ-k-m-[-m-c-W-a-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p I-g-p-I-•-mÀ. F-¶-mÂ 1990þ-s-â B-Z-y ]-I-p-X-n-b-n-e-m-W-v I-g-p-I-•-m-c-p-s-S F-®-¯-nÂ h-c-p-¶ h³-

I-p-d-h-v {-i-²-n-¡-s-¸-S-p-¶-X-v. I-¶-p-I-m-e-n-I-s-f `-£-n-¡-m-¯-h-c-m-W-v D-¯-t-c-´-y³ P-\-X. a-m-{-X-h-p-a-Ã t-K-m-h-[-\-n-t-c-m-[-\-h-p-w C-h-n-s-S \-n-e-\-nÂ-¡-p-¶-p. C-u k-m-l-N-c-y-a-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p C-¡-q-«-c-p-s-S F-®-w \-n-e-\-nÀ-¯-n- t-]-m-¶-X-v. F-¶-mÂ Diclofenac F-¶ t-h-Z-\-m k-w-l-m-c-n C-h-n-S-§-f-n-s-e I-¶-p-I-m-

e-n-I-f-nÂ h-y-m-]-I-a-m-b-n D-]-t-b-m-K-n-¨-n-c-p-¶-p. C-u a-c-p-¶-p-]-t-b-m-K-n-¨ I-¶-p-I-m-e-n-I-f-p-s-S a-r-X-i-c-o-c-w ̀ -£-W-a-m-¡-n-b I-g-p-I-•-m-c-p-s-S h-r-¡-IÄ X-I-c-m-d-n-e-m-I-p-I-b-p-w I-q-«-t-¯-m-s-S N-s-¯-m-S-p-§-p-I-b-p-a-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p. C-X-v G-ä-h-p-a-[-n-I-w _-m-[-n-¡-p-¶-X-v Gyps- P-\-p-Ê-nÂ-s-¸-« I-g-p-I-•-m-s-c-b-m-s-W-¶-p-w \-n-c-o-£-n-¡-s-¸-«-p. t-e-m-I-¯-nÂ N-p-«-n-¡-g-p-I-•-mÀ a-m-{-X-w s-X-m-®-q-s-ä-m³-]-X-v i-X-a-m-\-¯-n-e-[-n-I-h-p-w \-m-a-m-h-t-i-j-a-m-b-n. a-ä-p h-n-`-m-K-¡-m-c-p-s-S F-®-¯-n-e-p-w K-W-y-a-m-b I-p-d-h-v C-u s-N-d-n-b I-m-e-b-f-h-nÂ X-s-¶ {-i-²-t-\-S-n.

H-c-p I-m-e-¯-v kÀ-h-k-m-[-m-c-W-a-m-b-n-c-p-¶ C-u i-h-w-X-o-\-n-IÄ C-¶-v G-ä-h-p-a-[-n-I-w h-w-i-\-m-i-`-o-j-W-n t-\-c-n-S-p-¶ (Critically endangered) ]-£-n-I-f-p-s-S ]-«-n-I-b-nÂ C-S-w t-\-S-n-b-n-c-n-¡-p-¶-p. C-u I-m-c-W-¯-mÂ X-s-¶ `-m-c-X-¯-n-s-â ]-e-`-m-K-§-f-n-e-m-b-n a-q-¶-nÂ-]-c-w Captive breeding centers t-_-m-w-s-_ \-m-¨-p-dÂ l-n-Ì-d-n s-k-m-s-s-k-ä-n-b-p-s-S t-aÂ-t-\-m-«-¯-nÂ B-c-w-`-n-¨-p. C-X-n-s-â k-X-y-k-Ô-X-b-p-w k-w-c-£-W {-]-hÀ-¯-\ B-i-b-w \-S-¸-m-¡-p-¶ c-o-X-n-b-p-w ]-e-t-¸-m-g-p-w t-N-m-Z-y-w s-N-¿-s-¸-S-p-¶-p F-¶-X-v a-s-ä-m-c-p {-]-X-n-k-Ô-n-b-m-b-n \-n-e-\-nÂ-¡-p-¶-p.

D-¯-c ̀ -m-c-X-¯-n-e-p-Å-{-X-b-p-a-n-Ã-m-b-n-c-p-s-¶-

C-¶-v `-m-c-X-¯-nÂ \-n-e-\-nÂ-¡-p-¶ I-g-p-I³ h-w-i-§-f-p-s-S B-s-I B-{-i-b-a-m-W-v t-a-m-b-mÀ X-m-g-v-h-m-c-h-p-w A-X-n-

t-\-m-S-p t-NÀ-¶-p I-n-S-¡-p-¶ \-o-e-K-n-c-n s-s-P-h-t-a-J-e-b-p-w. l-r-Z-b-l-m-c-n-b-m-b h-i-y-X-t-b-m-s-S C-u k-p-µ-c-`-q-a-n \-s-½ a-m-S-n-h-n-f-n-¡-p-I-b-m-W-v-, A-h-s-f B-{-i-

b-n-¡-p-¶-h-s-c k-w-c-£-n-¡-m³.

Photo/Vinay DarbalNp«n¡gpI³ White-rumped Vulture


¦-nÂ I-q-S-n-b-p-w s-X-t-¡ C-´-y-b-n-e-p-w I-g-p-I-•-mÀ D-ï-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p. ]-Ý-n-a-L-«-¯-n-s-e A-S-ª-I-m-S-p-I-f-nÂ C-hÀ-¡-v `-£-W-w I-s-ï-¯-p-I h-f-s-c {-]-b-m-k-I-c-a-m-W-v. A-X-n-\-mÂ-X-s-¶ Z-£-n-W-`-m-c-X-¯-n-s-â ]-S-n-ª-m-d-p `-m-K-¯-v ]-Ý-n-a-L-« a-e-\-n-c-I-t-f-m-S-v t-NÀ-¶-v C-h-c-p-s-S F-®-w I-p-d-h-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p. F-¦-nÂ t-]-m-e-p-w-, a-p³-]-p \-S-¶ ]T-\-§-f-nÂ C-¡-q-«-s-c C-h-n-S-§-f-nÂ I-s-ï-¯-n-b-n-«-p-ï-v. F-¶-mÂ ]-Ý-n-a-L-«-¯-nÂ \-n-¶-p-w I-n-g-t-¡-m-«-p t-]-m-I-p-t-´-m-d-p-w \-m-«-n³-]-p-d-§-f-n-e-p-w I-m-«-n-e-p-w H-c-p I-m-e-¯-v kÀ-h-k-m-[-m-c-W I-m-g-v-N-b-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p C-hÀ.

t-a-m-b-m-d-n-s-â {-]-m-[-m-\-y-w

C-¶-v `-m-c-X-¯-nÂ \-n-e-\-nÂ-¡-p-¶ h-n-h-n-[-b-n-\-w I-g-p-I³-h-w-i-§-f-p-s-S \-s-Ã-m-c-p-]-¦-p-w \-n-e-\-n-¶-p t-]-m-I-p-¶-X-v N-n-e H-ä-s-¸-« k-w-c-£-n-X t-a-J-e-I-f-n-e-m-W-v. t-a-m-b-mÀ X-m-g-v-h-c-b-n-e-m-I-s-« \-m-e-n-\-w I-g-p-I-•-m-c-m-W-v \-n-e-\-nÂ-¡-p-¶-X-v. C-h-n-s-S F-®-¯-nÂ G-ä-h-p-a-[-n-I-w I-s-ï-̄ -n-b-n-«-p-Å-X-v N-p-«-n-¡-g-p-I-s-\-b-m-W-v (White-rumped Vulture). X-h-n-«-p I-g-p-I³ (Indian longbilled Vulture), I-m-X-n-e I-g-p-I³ (R.H.V.)-, t-X-m-«-n-¡-g-p-I³ (Egyptian Vulture) F-¶-n-h-b-m-W-v a-ä-p-Å-h. N-p-«-n-¡-g-p-I-•-mÀ F-Ã-m-hÀ-j-h-p-w C-h-n-s-S {-]-P-\-\-w \-S-̄ -p-¶-X-m-b-n I-s-ï-̄ -n-b-n-«-p-ï-v. I-q-S-m-s-X H-m-t-c-m hÀ-j-h-p-w \-mÂ-̧ -X-n-e-[-n-I-w I-q-S-p-IÄ C-u X-m-g-v-h-m-c-̄ -nÂ \-n-c-o-£-n-¡-s-̧ -S-m-d-p-a-p-ï-v.

C-h-n-s-S I-g-p-I-•-m-c-p-s-S \-n-e-\-nÂ-̧ -n-s-â {-]-[-m-\-I-m-c-W-w I-m-«-n-s-e C-c-]-n-S-n-b-•-m-c-p-a-m-b-p-Å B-{-i-n-X-X-z-a-m-s-W-¶-p ]-d-b-m-w. h-e-n-b C-c-]-n-S-n-b-•-mÀ s-I-m-¶ a-r-K-§-f-p-s-S i-c-o-c-m-h-i-n-j-v-S-a-m-W-v C-u X-m-g-v-h-m-c-̄ -p-w C-X-n-t-\-m-S-p t-NÀ-

¶-p I-n-S-¡-p-¶ \-o-e-K-n-c-n s-s-P-h-t-a-J-e-b-n-e-p-w I-g-p-I-•-m-c-p-s-S {-]-[-m-\ -̀£-W-w.

C-¶-v ̀ -m-c-X-̄ -nÂ \-n-e-\-nÂ-¡-p-¶ I-g-p-I³ h-w-i-§-f-p-s-S B-s-I B-{-i-b-a-m-W-v t-a-m-b-mÀ X-m-g-v-h-m-c-h-p-w A-X-n-t-\-m-S-p t-NÀ-¶-p I-n-S-¡-p-¶ \-o-e-K-n-c-n s-s-P-h-t-a-J-e-b-p-w. C-¶-v -̀q-a-n-b-nÂ

\-m-a-a-m-{-X-a-m-b I-g-p-I-s-â k-w-c-£-W-h-p-a-m-b-n _-Ô-s-̧ -«-v A-X-y-[-n-I-w {-]-m-[-m-\-y-a-p-Å {-]-t-Z-i-a-m-W-n-s-X-¶-v X-n-c-n-̈ -d-n-t-b-ï-X-p-ï-v. l-r-Z-b-l-m-c-n-b-m-b h-i-y-X-t-b-m-s-S C-u k-p-µ-c-̀ -q-a-n \-s-½ a-m-S-n-h-n-f-n-¡-p-I-b-m-W-v-, A-h-s-f B-{-i-b-n-¡-p-¶-h-s-c k-w-c-£-n-¡-m³.

Photo/Anoop N. R

Photo/Clement Francis

t-a-m-b-mÀ X-m-g-v-h-c-

tXm«n¡gpI³ Egyptian Vulture

36 IqSv 2014 Pqsse D-`-b-P-o-h-n-IÄ

k-µ-o-]-v-Z-m-k-v

s-a-b-v- 2014þÂ D-¯-c-I-¶-S-b-nÂ \-n-¶-p I-s-ï-¯-n-b-, X-½-nÂ K-p-k-v-X-n ]-n-S-n-

¡-p-¶ t-]-m-s-e ]-n³-I-m-e-p-I-f-nÂ F-g-p-t-¶-ä-p \-n-¶-X-n-\-p t-i-j-w C-W-t-N-c-p-I-b-p-w a-p-«-b-n-«-X-n-\-p t-i-j-w A-h s-N-f-n a-®-p-s-h-¨-p s-]-m-X-n-b-p-I-b-p-w s-N-¿-p-¶ I-p-w-_-m-c X-h-f (Kumbara Night Frog) F-¶ Nyctibatrachus kumbara A-S-¡-w ]-Ý-n-a-L-«-¯-nÂ C-X-p h-s-c 201 C-\-w D-`-b-P-o-h-n-I-s-f I-s-ï-¯-n-b-n-«-p-ï-v. K-p-P-d-m-¯-nÂ X-p-S-§-n B-d-p k-w-Ø-m-\-§-f-n-e-q-s-S I-S-¶-p I-\-y-m-I-p-a-m-c-n-b-nÂ

A-h-k-m-\-n-¡-p-¶ ]-Ý-n-a-L-« a-e-\-n-c s-s-h-h-n-[-y-a-mÀ-¶ B-h-m-k-h-y-h-Ø-IÄ s-I-m-ï-v \-n-c-h-[-n D-`-b-P-o-h-n-IÄ-¡-v h-m-k-Ø-e-a-m-b-n hÀ-¯-n-¡-p-¶-p. I-p-d-¨-p I-m-e-a-m-b-n I-q-S-p-X-e-m-c-p-w {-i-²-n-¡-m-X-n-c-p-¶ D-`-b-P-o-h-n ]T-\-i-m-J (Batrachology) C-¶-v C-´-y-b-nÂ t-U-m. A-\-nÂ k-¡-d-n-b-, t-U-m. _-n-P-p F-k-v. U-n.-, t-U-m. Z-n-t-\-i-v s-I. ]-n.-, t-U-m. K-p-c-p-c-m-P X-p-S-§-n H-«-t-\-I-w i-m-k-v-{-X-Ú-c-p-s-S {-]-b-X-v-\-§-f-n-e-q-s-S h-fÀ-¶-p h-c-n-I-b-m-W-v. I-g-n-ª ]-¯-p hÀ-j-¯-n-\-p-Å-nÂ ]-Ý-n-a-L-« a-e-\-n-c-I-f-nÂ \-n-¶-p a-m-{-X-w A³-]-X-n-e-[-n-I-w D-`-b-P-o-h-n-I-s-f I-s-ï-¯-p-I-b-p-ï-m-b-n. a-®-n-\-S-n-b-nÂ P-o-h-n-¡-p-¶- ]À-¸-nÄ t-{-^-m-K-v (Purple Frog) F-¶ a-q-¡³ X-h-f-, C-u-ä-¡-p-Å-nÂ P-o-h-n-¡-p-¶ H-¢-m-{-ï C-u-ä-¯-h-f (Ochlandra Reed Frog),

a-t-\-m-l-c-n C-u-ä-¯-h-f (Manohari Reed Frog), h-b-\-m-«-nÂ \-n-¶-p-w I-s-ï-¯-n-b C-´-y-b-n-s-e G-ä-h-p-w s-N-d-n-b X-h-f-b-m-b a-n-\-n-a-k-v X-h-f (Miniature Night Frog), s-X-t-¡ C-´-y-b-n-s-e G-ä-h-p-w D-b-c-w I-q-S-n-b B-\-a-p-S-n-b-n-e-p-w N-p-ä-p-a-p-Å {-]-t-Z-i-§-f-n-e-p-w a-m-{-X-w I-ï-p-h-c-p-¶ B-\-a-p-S-n X-h-f (Anamudi Bush Frog) F-¶-n-h-s-b-Ã-m-w A-X-nÂ N-n-e-X-m-W-v.

h-c-p-w e-¡-§-f-nÂ H-m-t-c-m X-h-f-I-s-f-b-p-w

]-Ý-n-a-L-«-¯-n-s-e D-`-b-P-o-h-n-IÄ

Zakerana sauriceps


FAMILY/GENUS/ NUMBER OF SPECIES

BUFONIDAE

Duttaphrynus 10Ghatophyrne 2Pedostibes 1Xanthophryne 2

DICROGLOSSIDAE

Euphlyctis 3Hoplobatrachus 2Zakerana 14Minervarya 1Sphaerotheca 3

MICRIXALIDAE Micrixalus 24

MICROHYLIDAE

Kaloula 1Melanobatrachus 1Microhyla 3Ramanella 6Uperodon 2

NASIKABATRACHIDAE Nasikabatrachus 1NYCTIBATRACHIDAE Nyctibatrachus 27

RANIDAEClinotarsus 1Hylarana 3

RANIXALIDAE Indirana 10

RHACOPHORIDAE

Beddomixalus 1Ghatixalus 2Mercurana 1Polypedates 3Pseudophilautus 3Raorchestes 45Rhacophorous 4

ICHTHYOPHIIDAEIchthyophis 7Uraeotyphlus 6

INDOTYPHLIDAEGegeneophis 10Indotyphlus 2

ORdER FAMILY

ANURA

BufonidaeDicroglossidaeMicrixalidaeNasikabatrachidaeNyctibatrachidaeRanidaeRanixalidaeRhacophoridae

GYMNOPHIONAIchthyophiidaeIndotyphlidae

{-]-t-X-y-I-w ]-c-n-N-b-s-¸-S-p-¯-p-¶-X-n-\-p a-p³-]-v ]-Ý-n-a-L-«-¯-nÂ I-m-W-p-¶ D-`-b-P-o-h-n-h-n-`-m-K-§-f-p-s-S H-c-p B-a-p-J-w X-m-s-g s-I-m-S-p-¡-p-¶-p.

D-`-b-P-o-h-n-I-f-nÂ I-m-W-p-¶ X-h-f-I-f-p-w s-N-m-d-n-¯-h-f-I-f-p-w DÄ-s-¸-S-p-¶ H-mÀ-UÀ A-\-y-p-d-b-p-w I-p-c-p-S-n-IÄ A-s-Ã-¦-nÂ k-n-k-o-e-n-b³-k-v DÄ-s-¸-S-p-¶ H-mÀ-UÀ P-n-a-v-t-\-m-^-n-t-b-m-\-b-p-w a-m-{-X-a-m-W-v ]-Ý-n-a-L-«-¯-nÂ I-m-W-p-¶-X-v. H-mÀ-UÀ A-\-y-p-d-b-nÂ (Anura) s-N-m-d-n-¯-h-f-IÄ D-Å _-p-t-^-m-\-n-s-S (Bu-fonidae), s-\Â-¸-m-S-§-f-n-e-p-w-, s-h-Å-s-¡-«-p-I-f-n-e-p-w-, k-a-X-e-§-f-n-e-p-s-a-m-s-¡ I-m-W-p-¶ X-h-f-IÄ DÄ-s-¸-S-p-¶ Z-n-t-{-I-m-t-¥-m-k-n-s-S (Dicroglossidae), I-m-«-c-p-h-n-I-f-nÂ I-Ã-p-IÄ-¡-p a-p-I-f-nÂ I-m-W-p-¶ ]-n-e-n-K-n-c-n X-h-f-IÄ DÄ-s-¸-S-p-¶ a-n-{-I-n-I-v-k-m-e-n-s-S (Micrixalidae) -, a-®-n-\-S-n-b-nÂ I-m-W-p-¶ a-q-¡³ X-h-f a-m-{-X-a-p-Å \-m-k-n-I-m-_-{-S-m-I-n-s-S (Nasikabatrachi-dae) -, I-m-«-c-p-h-n-I-f-nÂ I-Ã-p-IÄ-¡-S-n-b-n-e-p-w s-h-Å-¯-n-e-p-w I-m-W-p-¶, t\m«w apIfn-tebv¡p t]mIp¶ Xc¯nÂ X-e-b-v-¡-p a-p-I-f-nÂ I-®-p-I-f-p-Å \-n-¡-v-S-n-_-{-S-m-¡-n-

s-S (Nyctibatrachidae) -, a-W-h-m-«-n X-h-f-b-p-w k-zÀ-® X-h-f-b-p-w I-m-«-p a-W-h-m-«-n-b-p-w D-Å c-m-W-n-s-S (Ranidae), ]-m-d-I-f-nÂ ]-ä-n-¸-n-S-n-¨-n-c-n-¡-p-¶ I-m-e-p-IÄ D-Å h-mÂ-a-m-{-I-n-IÄ D-Å C-µ-n-c-m-W X-h-f-IÄ DÄ-s-¸-S-p-¶ d-m-W-n-I-v-k-m-e-n-s-S (Ranixalidae) -, a-c-¯-h-f-I-f-p-w-, C-u-ä-¯-h-f-I-f-p-w C-e-¯-h-f-I-f-p-w DÄ-s-¸-S-p-¶ d-m-t-¡-m-t-^-m-d-n-s-S (Rhacophoridae) F-¶-n-§-s-\ H³-]-X-p X-h-f I-p-S-p-w-_-§-f-m-W-v D-Å-X-v. a-n-{-I-n-I-v-k-m-e-n-s-S-, \-m-k-n-I-m-_-{-S-m-I-n-s-S-, \-n-¡-v-S-n-_-{-S-m-¡-n-s-S-, d-m-W-n-I-v-k-m-e-n-s-S F-¶-o \-m-e-p I-p-S-p-w-_-§Ä H-g-n-s-I a-s-ä-Ã-m I-p-S-p-w-_-¯-n-e-p-w H-¶-nÂ I-q-S-p-XÂ P-\-p-k-p-I-f-nÂ D-Å X-h-f-IÄ D-ï-v.

H-mÀ-UÀ P-n-a-v-t-\-m-^-n-t-b-m-\-b-nÂ C-´-y-b-nÂ I-m-W-p-¶ a-q-¶-p I-p-S-p-w-_-§-f-nÂ C-à-n-t-b-m-^-n-s-S-b-p-w (Ichthyophiidae) C-\-v-t-U-m-S-n-^-v-e-n-s-S-b-p-w (Indotyphlidae) a-m-{-X-a-m-W-v ]-Ý-n-a-L-«-¯-nÂ I-m-W-p-¶-X-v. a-q-¶-m-a-s-¯ I-p-S-p-w-_-a-m-b N-n-¢-n-s-S (chikilidae) h-S-¡-p-þ-I-n-g-t-¡ C-´-y-b-nÂ \-n-¶-p a-m-{-X-a-m-W-v d-n-t-¸-mÀ-«-v - s-N-b-v-X-n-«-p-Å-X-v.

Photos/Sandeep Das

Hoplobatrachus crassusRaorchestes munnarensis Indirana diplosticta

Raorchestes sps

]-Ý-n-a-L-«-¯-nÂ I-m-W-p-¶ D-`-b-P-o-h-n-h-n-`-m-K-§-Ä

{-]-h-o¬ s-P.

C-X-p-h-s-c \-m-w C-u ]-w-à-n-b-nÂ ]-c-n-N-b-s-¸-«-X-v I-c-b-nÂ P-o-h-n-¡-p-¶ ]-£-n-I-

s-f-¸-ä-n-b-m-W-v (Land birds). C-\-n B-Z-y-a-m-b-n H-c-p I-SÂ-¸-£-n-s-b ]-c-n-N-b-s-¸-S-m-w. P-o-h-n-X-¯-n-s-â ̀ qcn`-m-K-h-p-w X-o-c-¯-p-\-n-¶-v A-I-s-e I-S-e-nÂ I-g-n-b-p-I-b-p-w a-p-«-b-n-S-m³ a-m-{-X-a-m-b-n I-c-b-v-s-¡-¯-p-I-b-p-w s-N-¿-p-¶-h-b-m-W-v I-SÂ-¸-£-n-IÄ (Sea birds).

A-d-_-n-¡-S-e-nÂ I-m-e-hÀ-j-k-a-b-§-f-nÂ k-m-[-m-c-W-a-m-b-n I-ï-p-h-c-m-d-p-Å I-SÂ-¸-£-n-b-m-W-v A-b-e-¡-m-¡ (Flesh-footed Shearwa-ter). I-m-¡-t-b-¡-mÄ h-e-n-¸-h-p-w I-S-p-w-X-h-n-«-p-\-n-d-h-p-a-p-Å C-u ]-£-n X-m-d-m-h-p-I-t-f-t-¸-m-s-e s-h-Å-¯-nÂ ]-m-d-n-\-S-¡-p-I-t-b-m s-h-Å-¯-n-\-p-a-p-I-f-n-e-q-s-S A-X-n-t-h-K-¯-nÂ ]-d-¡-p-I-t-b-m

s-N-¿-p-¶-p. ]-d-¡-p-¶ A-h-k-c-§-f-nÂ N-n-d-I-p-IÄ s-h-Å-¯-nÂ k-v-]À-i-n-¡-p-

¶-X-p-s-I-m-ï-m-W-v C-h-b-v-¡-v X-n-c-s-h-«-n (Shearwater)

F-¶ t-]-c-p h-¶-X-v. C-c-p-ï

A-{ -K -

`-m-K-t-¯-m-S-p-I-q-S-n-b h-n-f-d-n-b I-«-n-b-p-Å s-I-m-¡-p-w ]-n-¦-v \-n-d-¯-n-e-p-Å I-m-e-p-I-f-p-a-m-W-v C-h-b-v-¡-p-Å-X-v. ]-d-¡-p-t-¼-mÄ \-Ã s-h-f-n-¨-¯-nÂ N-n-d-I-n-s-â A-S-n-`-m-K-¯-v t-\-c-n-b X-n-f-¡-a-mÀ-¶ s-h-Å-n-\-n-d-w I-m-W-m-w. {-K-o-j-v-a-I-m-e-¯-v B-k-v-t-{-X-e-n-b-¡-p s-X-¡-p-Å Z-z-o-]-p-I-f-n-s-e K-p-l-I-f-nÂ {-]-P-\-\-w \-S-¯-n C-h I-q-«-w-I-q-«-a-m-b-n \-½-p-s-S I-S-e-n-t-e-¡-v t-Z-i-m-S-\-w \-S-¯-p-¶-p. B-Z-y-I-q-«-w ]-£-n-IÄ G-{-]-nÂ A-h-k-m-\-t-¯-m-s-S F-¯-n-t-¨-c-p-s-a-¦-n-e-p-w A-[-n-I-w

]-£-n-I-f-p-w P-q¬ a-m-k-¯-n-e-m-W-v F-¯-m-d-p-Å-X-v. H-I-v-t-S-m-_-t-d-m-s-S F-Ã-m ]-£-n-I-f-p-w A-d-_-n-¡-S-e-nÂ-\-n-¶-p-w a-S-§-n-t-¸-m-b-n-c-n-¡-p-w. k-m-[-m-c-W-b-m-b-n I-SÂ-¯-o-c-¯-p-\-n-¶-p a-m-d-n I-S-e-nÂ I-m-W-p-¶ C-h-s-b X-o-c-§-f-nÂ \-n-¶-p I-m-W-m³ ]-ä-m-d-n-Ã. I-S-e-n-t-e-b-v-¡-v H-c-p t-_-m-

«-nÂ t-]-m-b-n t-h-W-w C-h-s-b I-m-W-m³. A-b-e-, a-¯-n-, a-ä-p s-N-d-p-a-o-\-p-IÄ

F-¶-n-h-s-b C-h [-m-c-m-f-a-m-b-n B-l-m-c-a-m-¡-p-¶-p. DÄ-

¡-S-e-nÂ a-Õ-y-_-

A-b-e-¡-m-¡Ô-\-¯-n-\-p t-]-m-I-p-¶ t-_-m-«-p-I-s-f ]-n³-X-p-SÀ-¶-v A-h-b-nÂ \-n-¶-p-Å A-h-i-n-j-v-S-§Ä `-£-n-¡-m-d-p-ï-v.

s-s-i-X-y-I-m-e-§-f-nÂ ]-IÂ-k-a-b-w a-p-g-p-h³ `-£-W-w t-X-S-n A-e-b-m-d-p-s-ï-¦-n-e-p-w {-]-P-\-\-I-m-e-¯-v C-X-n-\-p a-m-ä-w k-w-`-h-n-¡-p-¶-p. ]-IÂ-k-a-b-§-f-nÂ X-p-d-¶-I-S-e-nÂ s-h-d-p-s-X k-a-b-w s-N-e-h-g-n-¡-p-¶ C-h k-q-c-y-m-k-v-X-a-\-¯-n-\-p-t-i-j-w {-]-P-\-\-¯-n-\-m-b-n I-s-ï-¯-n-b Ø-e-t-¯-¡-v F-¯-n-t-¨-c-p-¶-p. X-p-SÀ-¶-v C-h-b-p-s-S `-£-W-t-i-J-c-W-h-p-w k-´-m-\-]-c-n-]-m-e-\-h-p-s-a-Ã-m-w c-m-{-X-n-I-m-e-§-f-n-e-m-W-v. H-¶-p-þ-c-ï-p a-o-äÀ h-s-c \-o-f-a-p-Å a-m-f-§-f-nÂ H-c-p X-h-W H-c-p s-h-Å a-p-«-b-n-S-p-I-b-p-w G-I-t-Z-i-w 53 Z-n-h-k-w s-I-m-ï-v A-S-b-n-c-p-¶-v I-p-ª-p-h-n-c-n-b-p-I-b-p-w s-N-¿-p-¶-p. I-p-ª-p-§Ä ]-qÀ-®-h-e-n-¸-s-a-¯-m³ h-o-ï-p-w H-c-p A-d-p-]-X-p Z-n-h-k-w I-q-S-n-s-b-S-p-¡-p-w.

C-u C-\-w ]-£-n-I-f-p-s-S F-®-¯-nÂ h-e-n-b I-p-d-h-p kw`hn¨n«nsÃ¦nepw k-m-[-m-c-W I-SÂ-¸-£-n-IÄ A-\-p-`-h-n-¡-p-¶ ̀ -o-j-W-n-IÄ C-h-b-p-w t-\-c-n-t-S-ï-X-m-b-n h-c-p-¶-p. ]-e-X-c-w k-½À-±-§Ä-s-I-m-ï-v C-h I-q-S-p-s-I-«-p-¶ X-p-c-p-¯-p-I-f-n-s-e {-]-P-\-\ B-h-m-k-t-I-{-µ-§Ä-¡-v t-i-m-j-W-w k-w-`-h-n-¡-p-¶-p. a-\-p-j-y-k-l-m-b-¯-mÂ Z-z-o-]-p-I-f-nÂ F-¯-s-¸-S-p-¶ F-e-n-IÄ C-u ]-£-n-I-f-p-s-S a-m-f-¯-nÂ I-S-¶-p a-p-«-IÄ `-£-n-¡-p-¶-p. ]-e Z-z-o-]-p-I-f-n-e-p-w k-P-m-X-o-b-c-m-b I-SÂ-¸-£-n-IÄ C-t-X ̀ -o-j-W-n t-\-c-n-S-p-I-b-p-w A-h-n-s-S \-n-¶-v A-h A-{-]-X-y-£-c-m-h-p-I-b-p-w s-N-b-v-X-n-c-n-¡-p-¶-p. ]-£-n-k-a-q-l-s-¯ H-¶-m-s-I t-\-m-¡-n-b-mÂ G-ä-h-p-a-[-n-I-w ̀ -o-j-W-n t-\-c-n-S-p-¶-X-v I-SÂ-¸-£-n-I-f-m-s-W-¶-X-m-W-v h-k-v-X-p-X. ]-qÀ-®-h-fÀ-¨-s-b-¯-m-s-X a-p-«-I-f-p-w I-p-ª-p-§-f-p-w \-j-v-S-a-m-h-p-¶-p F-¶-p-Å-X-m-W-v C-u ]-£-n-I-f-p-s-S \-n-e-\-nÂ-¸-n-s\ _m[n¡p¶ a-p-J-y `-o-j-W-n.

{-K-o-j-v-a-I-m-e-¯-v B-k-v-t-{-X-e-n-b-¡-p s-X-¡-p-Å Z-z-o-]-p-I-f-n-s-e K-p-l-I-f-nÂ {-]-P-\-\-w \-S-¯-n C-h I-q-«-w-I-q-«-a-m-b-n \-½-p-s-S I-S-e-n-t-e-¡-v t-Z-i-m-S-\-w \-S-¯-p-

¶-p. B-Z-y-I-q-«-w ]-£-n-IÄ G-{-]-nÂ A-h-k-m-\-t-¯-m-s-S F-¯-n-t-¨-c-p-s-a-¦-n-e-p-w A-[-n-I-w ]-£-n-I-f-p-w P-q¬ a-m-k-

¯-n-e-m-W-v F-¯-m-d-p-Å-X-v.

IqSv 2014 Pqsse38 N-n-d-I-S-n-IÄ www.koodumagazine.com

Photo/ Ashwini Kumar BhatA-b-e-¡-m-¡ Flesh-Footed Shearwater

h-n.-k-n. _-m-e-I-r-j-v-W³

D-¯-c-a-e-_-m-d-nÂ a-o-\-a-m-k-¯-n-s-e ]-q-c-w \-m-f-p-a-m-b-n _-Ô-s-¸-«-v I-m-a-t-Z-h-s-\ B-c-m-

[-n-¡-p-¶ A-\-p-j-vT-m-\-a-m-W-v ]-q-c-w. ]-q-c-¯-n-\-v ]-q-h-n-S-m³ D-]-t-b-m-K-n-¡-p-¶-X-v {-]-[-m-\-a-m-b-p-w C-u-g-s-¨-¼-I-¸-q-h-m-W-v. N-m-W-w s-I-m-ï-p-ï-m-¡-p-¶ I-m-a-s-â c-q-]-¯-n-\-v h-n-h-n-[-§-f-m-b ]-q-¡Ä t-h-W-w. A-X-nÂ G-ä-h-p-w t-{-i-j-vT-a-t-{-X I-n-f-n-X-o-\-n-¸-q-h-v. N-n-e-b-n-S-§-f-nÂ I-n-f-n-ª-nÂ-, I-n-f-o-\ F-¶-o-t-]-c-p-I-f-n-e-p-w C-X-d-n-b-s-¸-S-p-¶-p. a-e-w-]-c-¯-n F-¶ t-]-c-n-e-p-w C-u k-k-y-w A-d-n-b-s-¸-S-p-¶-p. C-t-´-m-þ-a-t-e-j--y³ t-a-J-e-b-n-e-p-w s-s-N-\-b-n-e-p-w h-f-c-p-¶ H-c-p C-S-¯-c-w h-r-£-a-m-W-n-X-v. t-I-c-f-¯-n-s-e AÀ-²-\-n-X--y-l-c-n-X-h-\-§-f-n-e-p-w BÀ-{-Z C-e-s-]-m-g-n-b-p-w h-\-§-f-n-e-p-w I-m-W-s-¸-S-p-¶-p.

25 -a-o-äÀ h-s-c D-b-c-¯-nÂ h-f-c-p-¶ C-u h-r-£-¯-n-\-v a-q-¶-v-þ-A-©-v C-S-b-v-¡-p-Å ]-n-k-v-X-m-I-m-c-¯-n-e-p-Å h-e-n-b C-e-I-f-m-W-p-Å-X-v. C-e-IÄ G-I-m-´-c {-I-a-¯-nÂ h-n-\--y-k-n-¨-n-c-n-¡-p-w. A-©-p t-^-m-f-n-¡-nÄ (Folicle) h-o-X-a-p-Å

k-w-b-p-à-^-e (aggregate fruit)§-f-m-W-v H-m-t-c-m ]-q-h-nÂ-\-n-¶-p-w D-ï-m-I-p-¶-X-v. ]-q-¡Ä-¡-v X-n-f-§-p-¶ H-m-d-©-p-I-eÀ-¶ N-p-h-¸-p-\-n-d-a-m-W-v. ]-q-¡-p-¶-X-n-\-p-s-X-m-«-p-a-p-¼-v C-e-s-]-m-g-n-¡-p-¶ k-z-`-m-h-w C-u h-r-£-¯-n-\-p-ï-v. h-n-cÂ-t-]-m-s-e \-o-ï `-w-K-n-b-p-Å ]-q-¡Ä i-m-J-m-{-K-§-f-n-e-m-W-p-ï-m-I-p-¶-X-v. P-\-p-h-c-n a-p-XÂ a-mÀ-¨-v-þs-a-b-v h-s-c-b-m-W-v ]-q-¡-m-e-w. s-a-b-v B-I-p-¶-t-X-m-s-S I-m-b-v-IÄ a-q-s-¸-¯-p-I-b-p-w P-q¬-a-m-k-t-¯-m-s-S h-n-¯-p-IÄ s-]-m-g-n-ª-p h-o-g-p-I-b-p-w s-N-¿-p-¶-p.

s-ÌÀ-¡-q-e-n-t-b-k-n-t-b (Sterculiaceae) k-k--y-I-p-S-p-w-_-¯-n-s-e A-w-K-a-m-b I-n-f-n-X-o-\-n-¸-q-h-n-s-â i-m-k-v-{-X-\-m-a-w Firmiana F-¶-m-W-v. ]-X-n-s-\-«-m-w \-q-ä-m-ï-nÂ P-o-h-n-¨-n-c-p-¶ s-e-m-¼-mÀ-U-n-b-n-s-e (B-k-v-t-{-X-e-n-b-) K-hÀ-W-d-m-b-n-c-p-¶ I-mÄ t-P-m-k-^-v t-h-m¬ ̂ -nÀ-a-n-b-m (Karl Joseph Von Firmian) t-\-m-S-p-Å B-Z-c-k-q-N-I-a-m-b-m-W-v C-u k-k--y-P-\-p-Ê-n-\-v ^-nÀ-a-n-b-m-\ F-¶-v \-m-a-I-c-W-w \-S-¯-n-b-n-c-n-¡-p-¶-X-v. hÀ-®-¸-I-n-«-p-Å-X-v F-¶ AÀ-°-a-p-Å-X-m-W-v k-v-]-o-j-o-k-v \-m-a-w. ^-nÀ-a-n-b-m-\ P-\-p-Ê-nÂ-s-]-S-p-¶ ]-X-n-\-m-t-d-m-f-w k-v-]-o-j-o-k-p-IÄ D-ï-v. t-I-c-f-¯-nÂ C-X-n-s-â H-c-p k-v-]-o-j-o-k-v a-m-{-X-t-a I-m-W-s-¸-S-p-¶-p-Å-p. (Bonefire Tree, Coloured Sterculia) F-¶-n-h-b-m-W-v C-w-¥-o-j-n-e-p-Å t-]-c-p-IÄ.

t-I-c-f-¯-nÂ I-m-kÀ-t-I-m-U-v-, I-®-qÀ-, h-b-\-m-S-v-, ]-m-e-¡-m-S-v-, X-r-È-qÀ-, C-S-p-¡-n-, s-I-m-Ã-w-, X-n-

c-p-h-\-´-]-p-c-w P-n-Ã-I-f-nÂ a-m-{-X-t-a C-u h-r-£-w C-t-X-h-s-c I-s-ï-¯-n-b-n-«-p-Å-p. ]-o-¨-n-b-n-e-p-Å t-I-c-f-h-\ K-t-h-j-W-Ø-m-]-\-¯-nÂ C-u h-r-£-§Ä a-mÀ-¨-v a-m-k-¯-nÂ ]-q-¯-p-\-nÂ-¡-p-¶-X-p-I-m-W-m-w. I-®-qÀ P-n-Ã-b-nÂ ]-«-m-\-qÀ-, D-f-n-b-nÂ-, _-¡-f-w-, s-h-t-Å-m-d F-¶-n-h-n-S-§-f-nÂ ]-m-X-t-b-m-c-̄ -v H-ä-s-̧ -« N-n-e h-r-£-§Ä C-t-̧ -m-g-p-w _-m-¡-n \-nÂ-¡-p-¶-p-ï-v.

I-®-qÀ P-n-Ã-b-nÂ s-I-«-n-b-m-S-s-̧ -S-p-¶ "I-S-m-t-¦-m-«-v a-m-¡-w-' F-¶ s-X-¿-̄ -n-s-â t-X-m-ä-w-]-m-«-nÂ I-p-ª-p-a-m-¡-̄ -n-\-v B-Z--y-s-̄ ]-q-c-̧ -q C-S-m³ t-h-ï-n I-m-c--y-Ø-\-m-b C-u-b-h-\-m-S³ I-n-f-n-X-o-\-n-̧ -q-h-v t-X-S-n-t-̧ -m-I-p-¶-X-n-s-â hÀ-®-\-b-p-ï-v. a-m-¡-̄ -n-s-â I-¶-n-̧ -q-c-w t-I-a-a-m-¡-p-¶-X-n-\-m-b-n I-n-f-n-̈ -n-́ -p-]-m-S-n I-n-f-n-I-s-f s-a-c-p-¡-n I-n-f-n-X-o-\-n--̧q-h-p-a-m-b-n a-S-§-p-I-b-m-W-v I-m-c--y-Ø³.

I-n-f-n-X-o-\-n-¸-q-h-vI-m-a-s-â c-q-]-§Ä-¡-v A-c-]-X-n-¡-m³ A-X-n-

c-m-W-n-̧ -q-h-p-w h-b-d-p h-b-v-¡-m³ h-b-c-̧ -q-h-p-w s-]-m-¡-p-h-b-v-¡-m³ F-c-n-ª-n-̧ -q-h-p-w a-m-d-v ]-X-n-b-v-¡-m³ ]-m-e-̧ -q-h-p-w \-m-h-p h-b-v-¡-m³ I-d-p-I-s-¡-m-S-n-b-p-w I-m-X-p-h-b-v-¡-m³ I-p-a-p-Z-n³-]-q-h-p-w a-p-S-n-N-a-b-v-¡-m³ I-h-p-§-n³-]-q-h-p-w t-h-W-w. a-p-c-n-¡-n³-]-q-h-p s-I-m-ï-v N-p-ï-p-w I-p-¶-n-¡-p-c-p-s-I-m-ï-v I-®-p-w s-h-¡-p-¶-p. F-¶-mÂ h-n-c-e-p-s-h-¡-m-\-m-b-n I-n-f-n-X-o-\-n-̧ -q-h-p-X-s-¶-t-h-W-w. "I-n-f-n-X-o-\-n-̧ -q-h-n-Ã-m-̄ C-¡-m-e-̄ -v \-½-p-s-S I-m-a-c-q-]-§Ä h-n-c-e-ä-p t-]-m-b-n-c-n-¡-p-¶-p" (t-U-m. C. D-®-n-I-r-j-v-W³-, h-n-c-e-ä I-m-a-c-q-]-§Ä-, ]-m-X-IÄ ]-p-g-s-b a-m-b-v-̈ -X-v-)

a-ä-p-]-e \-m-«-p-þ-h-\-k-k--y-§Ä-t-]-m-s-e-X-s-¶ I-n-f-n-X-o-\-n-¸-q-¡-f-p-w \-m-i-¯-n-s-â h-¡-n-t-e-¡-v F-¯-n-b-n-c-n-¡-p-¶-p.

t-I-c-f-¯-nÂ I-m-kÀ-t-I-m-U-v-, I-®-qÀ-, h-b-\-m-S-v-, ]-m-e-¡-m-S-v-, X-r-È-qÀ-, C-S-p-¡-n-, s-I-m-Ã-w-, X-n-c-p-h-\-´-]-p-c-w P-n-Ã-I-f-nÂ

a-m-{-X-t-a C-u h-r-£-w C-t-X-h-s-c I-s-ï-¯-n-b-n-«-p-Å-p.

39www.koodumagazine.com IqSv 2014 Pqssek-k-y-P-m-e-I-w

Photo/ V C BalakarishnanI-n-f-n-X-o-\-n-¸-q-h-v Bonefire Tree

A³hÀ Ae-n-, t-U-m. c-mP-oh-v c-mLh³

Ft-{-S-m-¹k-v k-qd-s-¯³k-nk-v (Etroplus suratensis) F¶ i-mk-v{-X-ob \-mah-p-w

{-K-o³ t-{-I-m-s-s-aU-v-, t-]Ä k-vt-]-m«-v F¶o B-wK-t-eb \-ma§f-p-a-p-ff Ic-n-a-o³ ae-b-m-f-n-b-ps-S X-o³t-a-i-b-ns-e Gäh-p-w h-ni-n-j-vS-a-mb h-n`-h-a-mW-v. Ic-n-a-o³ DÄs-¸-S-p¶ k-n¢-nt-U aÕ--yI-p-S-p-w-_¯-ns-e D]-I-pS-p-w_-a-mb Ft-{-S-m-¹-ns-\-b-n-e-mW-v \½-ps-S \-m«-ns-e Ft-{-S-m¹k-v P-o\-k-nÂs-]« ]f-f¯-n (Ft-{-S-m-¹k-v a-m¡-p-t-e-ä-k-v-) I-m\d Ic-n-a-o³ (F-t-{-S-m-¹k-v I-m\-d³k-n-k-v-) F¶-nh DÄs-¸S-p-¶-X-v. Ft-{-S-m¹k-v P-o\-k-ns-e t-ae-v]dª a-q¶-n-\-§f-p-w D]-Z-z-o-]-ob C´--yb-v¡-p-w {-i-oe-¦b-v¡-p-w Xt-±-i-o-b-c-m-W-v. Ic-n-a-o-s-\b-p-w ]ff-¯-n-s-bb-p-w H-mc-p-Pe aÕ-y-§-f-m-b-mW-v ]c-n-K-W-n-¡-p¶-s-X¦-ne-p-w t-Ic-f-¯-ns-eb-p-w {-i-oe¦b-n-s-eb-p-w \Z-n-I-f-n-s-eb-p-w Ac-p-h-n-I-f-n-s-eb-p-w Bh-m-k-h-y-hØb-nÂ Ch k-pe-`-a-mb-n I-mW-s-¸-S-p¶-p.

K-pP-d-m¯-v k-wØ-m-\¯-ns-e k-qd¯-v \K-cs-¯ AS-nØ-m\-a-m¡-nb-mW-v Ic-n-a-o\-n\-v k-qd¯³k-nk-v F¶ k-v]-oj-n-k-v \-ma-w e`-n-¨X-v. F¶-mÂ Gäh-p-w ck-I-c-a-mb hk-vX-p-X-, k-qd¯-v \K-c-¯-n\-S-pt-¯-m K-pP-d-m¯-v k-wØ-m\-¯-nÂ Xs-¶t-b-m C-u aÕ-y-w h-nh-cW-w s-N¿s-¸-S-p¶ kab¯-v Iï-p-h-¶-nc-p-¶-nÃ F¶-X-mW-v. t-U-m. -{-^-m³k-ok-v t-U F¶ aÕ-y-K-t-h-j-I³ A`-n-{-]-m-b-s-¸S-p-¶X-v C-u aÕ-ys-¯ Ah-X-c-n-¸-n¨-v h-nh-cW-w s-Nb-vX a-mÀ¡-v Fe-n-kÀ t-»-m¨-v F¶ i-mk-v{-X-Ú\-v C-u aÕ--ys-¯ ]T-\-¯-n-\-mb-n e`-n-¨X-v Hc-p ]-mX-n-c-n-b-nÂ \-n¶-m-s-W¶-p-w k-qd-¯-nÂ Ø-nc-X-m-a-k-a-m¡-nb-n-c-p¶ At-±l-w Ah-n-s-S-\-n¶-mW-v B aÕ-ys-¯ s-I-mï-ph-¶-s-X¶-v A\-p-a-m-\-n¨-v k-qd¯³k-nk-v F¶ t-]cp \ÂI-n-s-b-¶-p-a-m-W-v.

GX-mï-v Z-oÀL h-r¯-m-I-r-X-n-b-nÂ hi§f-nÂ \-n¶-v ]X-nª ic-o-c-a-mW-v Ic-n-a-o-\-n-t-â-X-v. t-aÂ¯-mS-n I-og-v¯-m-S-n-t-b¡-mÄ Ae-v]-w a-pt-¼-m«-v Xff-n \-nÂ¡-p-¶-p. a-pX-p-N-n-dI-v A-wk-ob N-nd-I-n\-v a-pI-f-n-e-mb-n X-pS-§-p-¶-p. a-pX-p-N-n-d-I-ns-e \-me-m-as-¯ a-pf-f-n\-v X-ms-g-b-mb-n t-{-i-mW-o N-ndI-v X-pS-§-p-¶-p. a-pX-p-N-n-dI-n\-p-w K-pZ N-nd-I-n\-p-w a-qÀ¨-t-b-d-nb a-pt-ff-mS-p I-qS-nb ̀ -mKh-p-w a-rZ-p-I-n-c-W§-t-f-m-S-p-I-q-S-nb ̀ -mK-h-p-a-pï-v. a-pÄ`-m-K-¯-n\-v a-rZ-p-I-n-c-W-`-m-K-t-¯¡-mÄ \-of-w I-qS-p-X-e-p-ï-v. a-pX-p-N-n-dI-nÂ \-oï-p a-qÀ¨b-p-ff 18 a-pXÂ 19 a-pff-p-If-p-w 14-þ16 a-rZ-p-I-n-c-W-§f-p-w I-mW-s-¸-S-p¶-p. K-pZ-N-n-d-I-nÂ 12 a-pff-p-If-p-w 11-þ12 a-rZ-p-I-n-c-W-§f-p-w I-mW-s-¸-S-p¶-p. h-mÂN-n-dI-v 16 {-]_-e-I-n-c-W-§-f-mÂ \-nÀ½-n-X-a-m-b-n-c-n-¡-p-¶-p.

ic-o-c-¯-n\-v s-]-mX-ps-h Cc-pï ]¨-\-n-d-a-m-W-v. a-pI-f-nÂ \-n¶-v s-\S-ps-I DZ-c-`-m-K-w-

Ic-n-a-o³hs-c Id-p¯-v h-oX-n-I-q-S-nb N-mb-v-t-h-mS-pI-q-S-nb F«-p \-mS-IÄ Dï-v. CX-nÂ BZ--ys-¯ \-mS s-NI-n-f-b-ps-S AS-p¯-p-w Ah-k-m-\-t-¯X-v h-mÂN-n-d-I-n-e-p-a-mb-n Ø-nX-n-s-N-¿-p-¶-p. H-mt-c-m ie-v¡-¯-n\-p-w \S-p-h-n-e-mb-n ]h-ng-k-a-m-\-a-mb s-hf-f- I-p-¯-p-IÄ I-mW-s-¸-S-p-¶-p. At-Xk-a-b-w-, DZ-c-`-m-K-¯-mb-n {-Ia-c-l-n-X-a-mb Id-p¯ _-nµ-p-¡f-p-w I-mW-s-¸-S-p-¶-p. a-pX-p-N-n-dI-p-w h-mÂN-n-dI-p-w t-{-i-mW-nN-nd-I-p-w-, K-pZ-N-n-dI-p-w Cc-pï C-u¿\-n-d-¯-ne-p-w A-wk-o-b-N-n-dI-v Id-p¯ ]-mZ-t-¯-m-S-p-I-qS-n aª-\-n-d¯-ne-p-w I-mW-s-¸S-p¶-p.

k´-m\ h-mÕ-e--y-¯-ns-â a-nI¨ a-mX-r-I-b-mW-v Ic-n-a-o-\-p-I-f-ps-S I-pS-p-w_P-o-h-n-X-w. a-mX-r-]-nX-rk-wc-£-W-¯-nÂ a-p«-I-f-p-s-Sb-p-w I-pª-p-§-f-p-s-Sb-p-w k-wc-£W-w DÄs-¸-S-p-¶-p. {-]P-\-\-I-m-e¯-v N-ne aÕ--y-§Ä t-P-mU-n-I-f-mb-n X-nc-nª-v Bg-w I-pd-ª- `mK¯-v A\-p-t-b-m-P--y-a-mb Øe-w a-p«-b-n-S-p-¶-X-n-\-mb-n X-nc-s-ª-S-p-¡-p-¶-p. a-mX-mh-v _-oP-

k-¦-e\-w \S¶ a-p«-IÄ¡-v Ac-n-I-n-e-mb-n \-ne-s-I-mï-v A-wk-o-b-N-n-d-I-p-I-f-p-]-t-b-m-K-n¨-v h-oi-n-s-¡-m-ï-n-c-n-¡-p-w. B¬a-Õ--yh-p-w s-]¬a-Õ--yh-p-w I-qS-n-\-c-n-I-n-e-mb-n a-p«-h-n-c-n-b-p-¶-X-n-\-\-p-k-r-X-a-mb-n k-wc-£-W-I-p-g-n-IÄ X-oÀ¡-p¶ {-]{-I-n-b-b-nÂ GÀs-¸-S-p-¶-p.

a-p«-b-nÂ \-n¶-p-w h-nc-n-ª-n-d-§-p¶ \h-P-mX aÕ--y-I-p-ª-p-§s-f Xf-f-a-Õ-y-w h-mb-n-s-e-S-p¯-v I-pg-n-b-n-t-e¡-v a-mä-p-¶-p. ]-n¶-oS-v Z-nhk-w t-X-md-p-w I-pg-n-I-f-p-ï-m¡-n I-pª-p-§s-f Ah-b-n-t-e¡-v a-mä-n k-wc-£-n-¨-p-s-I-m-ï-n-c-n-¡-p-¶-p. GI-t-Zi-w Hc-p a-mk-w {-]-mb-a-m-I-p-¶-X-p-hs-c AX-m-bX-v 1.8 s-k.a-o. hf-c-p-Ib-p-w {-]-mb-a-m-b-h-b-ps-S ic-o-c-L-S\ BÀÖ-n-¡-p-Ib-p-w s-N¿-p-¶-X-p-hs-c C-u k-wc-£W-w X-pS-c-p-¶-p.

I-pª-p§Ä 50 a-n.-a-oäÀ \-of-w-h-b-v¡-p-¶-X-p-hs-c Ah-b-ps-S a-pX-p-N-n-d-I-nÂ h-me-n-t-\-m-S-S-p¯-v I®-ns-â BI-r-X-n-b-nÂ (]-o-e-n-¡-®-v-) s-hf-f-b-mÂ N-pä-s-¸«-v Hc-p Id-p-¯-s-]-m-«-p-ï-m-b-n-c-n-¡-p-w. CX-n\-p ]-pds-a h-mÂN-n-d-I-n\-v s-X-m«-p-a-p¼-v Hc-p Id-p¯ ]-mS-p-w I-mW-m-h-p-¶-X-m-W-v. C-u Zi-b-nÂ _-p`-p£-p aÕ--y-§-f-nÂ \-n¶-p-w D]-{-Z-h-I-m-c-n-I-f-mb P-o-h-n-I-f-nÂ \-n¶-p-w c£-t-\-S-p-¶-X-n-\-p-ff A\-p-I-q-e\-a-mb-n Ic-p-X-s-¸-S-p-¶-p.

kk-y-m-l-mc {-]X-n-]-¯-n-, X-z-c-n-X-K-X-n-b-n-e-p-ff hfÀ¨-,- aä-p aÕ--y-§Ä¡-v D]-{-Zh-w s-N¿-ms-X P-oh-n-b-v¡-m-\-p-f-f-I-g-n-h-v-, {-]b-m-k-a-n-Ã-ms-X I-rj-n-b-n-S-¯-nÂ a-p«-b-n«-p s-]

c-p-I-p¶ k-z-`-m-h-w-, ]c-n-h-l-\-k-a-bs-¯ s-IS-p-X-n-Is-f AX-n-P-o-h-n-b-v¡-p-h-m-\-p-ff I-pª-p-§-f-ps-S Ic-p-¯-v-, \Ã h-n]-W\ k-m[--yX F¶-o K-pW-§Ä Ic-n-a-o-\-ns-\ Hc-p a-nI¨ hfÀ¯-p aÕ--y-a-m¡-n a-mä-p-¶-p. Gäh-p-w I-qS-n-bX-v 30 s-kâ-na-o-äÀ \-ofh-p-w H¶c I-nt-e-m{-K-m-w X-q¡h-p-w Ic-n-a-o-\-n\-v k-n²-nb-v¡-p-w.

\-mS³ k-zb-w hÀ²-I-a-Õ--y-b-n-\-¯-n\-v D¯a DZ-m-l-c-W-a-mb Ic-n-a-o³ at-e-d-n-b-,- a-´-v-,- N-n-¡³K-p-\-n-b-,- s-U-¦-n-¸\-n-, K-n\-n-¸-pg-p t-c-mK-w F¶-o Pe-þ-s-I-m-X-p-I-v P-\-y a-mc-I-t-c-m-K -\-n-h-m-c-W-¯-n-\-p-]-I-c-n-¡-p¶ Hc-p a-nI¨ s-I-mX-p-I-v-þ-I-q-¯-mS-n \-nÀ½-mÀÖ\ aÕ--y--w I-qS-n-b-mW-v.

ic-o-c-¯-n\-v He-nh-v ]¨-I-eÀ¶ Xh-n-«-p-hÀ®h-p-w iÂ¡-§-f-ne-p-w N-nd-I-p-I-f-ne-p-w ]h-n-g-a-W-n-IÄ t-]-me-p-ff s-hf-f-¸-p-f-f-n-I-f-p-a-p-ff C-u aÕ-y-w Ae-¦-m-c-a-Õ-y-w F¶ \-ne-b-ne-p-w {-]-m[-m-\--y-a-p-f-f-X-m-W-v.

IqSv 2014 Pqsse a-Õ-y-t-e-m-I-w40

a-p«-b-nÂ \-n¶-p-w h-nc-n-ª-n-d-§-p¶ \h-P-mX aÕ--y-I-p-ª-p-§s-f Xf-f-a-Õ-y-w h-mb-n-s-e-S-p¯-v I-pg-n-b-n-t-e¡-v

a-mä-p-¶-p. ]-n¶-oS-v Z-nhk-w t-X-md-p-w I-pg-n-I-f-p-ï-m¡-n I-pª-p-§s-f Ah-b-n-t-e¡-v a-mä-n k-wc-£-n-¨-p-

s-I-m-ï-n-c-n-¡-p-¶-p.

Pe-k-k--y-§s-f B-l-c-n-¡-p¶ aÕ--y-§s-f D]-t-b-m-K-n¨-v If-k-k--y-§s-f s-]-mX-p-P-e-m-i-b-§-f-nÂ \-n¶-p-w aÕ--y-I-p-f-§-f-nÂ \-n¶-p-w \-nÀ½-mÀÖ\-w s-N¿-p¶ s-s-Ph-oI a-mÀ¤-c-o-X-n-b-nÂ hfs-c \¶-mb-n D]-t-b-m-K-n-¡-m-h-p¶ aÕ--y-b-n-\-a-mW-v Ic-n-a-o³.

t-Ic-f-̄ -ns-e DÄ\-mS³ Pe-m-i-b-§-f-nÂ \-n¶-p-ff Bs-I at-Õ--y-m-e-v]-m-Z-\-̄ -ns-â 4.16% Ic-n-a-o\-m-s-W¶-v t-Icf Kh¬s-aâ-ns-â IW-¡-p-IÄ k-qN-n-̧ -n-¡-p-¶-p. 2010þ2011 k-m¼-̄ -nI hÀj-̄ -nÂ t-Ic-f-̄ -ns-e Pe-m-i-b-§-f-nÂ \-n¶-v 4858 s-a{-S-n¡-v S¬ Ic-n-a-o³ DX-v]-m-Z-n-̧ -n-¡-s-̧ -«-p. Ic-n-a-o³ I-rj-n t-aJe \-nc-h-[-n-t-]À¡-v s-X-mg-n-e-h-k-ch-p-w D]-P-o-h-\-a-mÀ¤h-p-w k-rj-vS-n-¡-p-¶-p.

t-Icf k-wØ-m-\s-̄ P\-§-f-ps-S P-oh-n-X-h-p-a-mb-n At-̀ -Z--y-_-Ô-a-p-f-fX-p-w `£--y-k-w-_-Ô-a-mb-n hfs-c {-]-m-[-m-\--y-a-p-f-f-X-p-a-mb C-u aÕ--y-̄ -ns-â k-wc-£W-w Dd-̧ -m-¡-p-¶-X-n-\-mb-n

k-wØ-m-\ kÀ¡-mÀ 2010þs-e t-Icf -̧ndh-n Z-n\--̄nÂ Ic-n-a-o-\-ns-\ \½-ps-S k-wØ-m-\-a-Õ--y-

a-m-b-n -{-]-J--y-m-]-n-¡-pIb-p-w -'2011 hÀj-w-' Ic-n-a-o³ hÀj-a-mb-n BN-c-n-¡-p-Ib-p-w s-Nb-vX-p.

{-]I-r-X-n-þ-{-]-I-r-X-n-h-n-`h k-wc-£W c-wKs-¯ {-][-m-\-s-¸« A´-m-c-mj-v{-S k-wL-S-\-b-mb

CâÀ\-m-j-WÂ b-qW-n-b³ t-^-mÀ I¬kÀt-h-j³ H-m^-v t-\¨À (IUCN-) ]-pd-¯-n-d-¡-nb s-dU-v U-mä-m _-p¡-v {-]I-mc-w

Ic-n-a-o-\-ns-â k-wc-£-W-]-Zh-n Least con-cern (Ae-v]-]-c-n-K-W-\-mÀl-a-mb h-n`-m-K-w-) F¶-m-W-v. CX-n-\À°-w Ic-n-a-o-\-n\-v b-ms-X-m-c-p-h-n[ h-wi-\-m-i-`-o-j-W-nb-p-w Cs-Ã-¶-Ã. Ch -'h-wi\-mi`-ojW-n t-\c-n-S-p-¶h-' (Threatened Category-) F¶ h-n`-m-K-¯-nÂs-]-S-m-X-n-c-p-¶X-v s-s-hh-n-[-y-a-mÀ¶ Bh-m-k-h--y-h-Ø-I-f-ns-e \-ne-h-ns-e e`--y-X-s-I-mï-p-w {-]P-\\ kh-n-t-i-j-X-IÄs-I-mï-p-w aä-v A\-p-I-qe P-oh\ kh-n-t-i-j-X-I-f-m-e-p-a-m-W-v.- F-¶-mÂ-, Ic-n-a-o-\-ns-â k-z-m-`-m-h-nI Bh-m-k-h--y-h-Ø-I-f-m-b-n-«-p-ff Pe-t-{-k-m-X-Ê-p-I-f-n-t-•-e-p-ff It-¿ä-w-, \-nb-a-h-n-c-p-²h-p-w Ai-m-k-v{-X-o-b-h-p-a-mb aÕ--y-_-Ô-\-c-o-X-n-IÄ-, Aa-n-X-N-q-jW-w-, hÀ²-n-¨-p-h-c-p¶ K-mÀl-n-Iþh-y-m-h-k-m-b-nI ae-n-\-o-I-cW-w, k-z-m-`-m-h-nI {-]P\\t-I-{-µ-§-f-mb IïÂI-m-S-p-I-f-ps-S \i-o-I-c-W-w-, aWÂh-m-cÂ a-pX-e-mb `-oj-W-n-IÄ Ch-b-ps-S k-wc-£W ]Z-h-n¡-v t-I-m«-w X«-n-t-¨-¡-m-h-p¶ LS-I-§-f-m-W-v.

ic-o-c-¯-n\-v He-nh-v ]¨-I-eÀ¶ Xh-n-«-p-hÀ®h-p-w iÂ¡-§-f-ne-p-w N-nd-

I-p-I-f-ne-p-w ]h-n-g-a-W-n-IÄ t-]-me-p-ff s-hf-f-¸-p-f-f-n-I-f-p-a-p-ff C-u aÕ-y-w Ae-¦-m-c-a-Õ-y-w F¶ \-ne-b-ne-p-w

{-]-m[-m-\--y-a-p-f-f-X-m-W-v.

41www.koodumagazine.com IqSv 2014 Pqsse

Photo/Ralf BritzIc-n-a-o³ Green chromide

42 IqSv 2014 Pqsse ]cnØnXn hmÀ¯IÄ42 IqSv 2014 Pqsse

t-U-m. ]-n.H. \-a-oÀ

I-m-«-p-t-]-m-¯-n-s-\ I-q-S-m-s-X C-´--y-b-nÂ I-m-W-p-¶ ]-i-p-I-p-S-p-w-_-¯-n-s-e a-ä-p

c-ï-n-\-w A-w-K-§-s-f-b-m-W-v C-u e-¡-¯-nÂ ]-c-n-N-b-s-¸-S-p-¯-p-¶-X-v. C-h c-ï-p-w-X-s-¶ h-S-t-¡ C-´--y-b-n-e-m-W-v I-m-W-s-¸-S-p-¶-X-v.-

b-m-¡-v

l-n-a-m-e-b k-m-\-p-¡-f-n-s-e 4000þ6100 a-o-äÀ h-s-c D-b-c-a-p-Å s-s-i-X-y a-c-p-`-q-a-n-b-nÂ I-m-W-s-¸-S-p-¶ ]-i-p-I-p-S-p-w-_-¯-n-s-e H-c-p h-\--y-P-o-h-n-b-m-W-v b-m-¡-v (Yak). C-X-n-s-â i-c-o-c-a-m-k-I-e-w t-c-m-a--m- h-r-X-a-m-W-v. I-p-X-n-c-b-p-t-S-X-p-t-]-m-s-e I-«-n-b-p-Å \-o-ï h-m-e-p-ï-v. h-m-e-S-¡-w-, i-c-o-c-a-m-k-I-e-w I-d-p-¸-p-I-eÀ-¶ X-h-n-«-p \-n-d-a-m-W-v. P-½-p-I-m-i-v-a-o-c-n-s-e e-U-m-¡-v t-a-J-e-b-n-e-m-W-v C-h I-m-W-s-¸-S-p-¶-X-v. b-m-¡-n-s-â H-c-n-\-s-¯ C-W-¡-n h-fÀ-¯-p-a-r-K-a-m-b-n l-n-a-m-e-b-¯-nÂ D-]-t-b-m-K-n-¨-p h-c-p-¶-p. k-n-¡-n-a-n-e-p-w A-c-p-W-m-NÂ

{-]-t-Z-i-n-e-p-w a-ä-p-w I-p-¶-n³-]-p-d-§-f-n-t-e-¡-v `-m-c-w N-p-a-¡-p-¶-X-n-\-m-b-n h-fÀ-¯-p-b-m-¡-p-I-s-f-b-m-W-v D-]-t-b-m-K-n-¡-p-¶-X-v. A-X--y-[-n-I-w h-w-i-\-m-i `-o-j-W-n t-\-c-n-S-p-¶ b-m-¡-p-IÄ s-F.b-p-.k-n.-F-¶-n-s-â N-p-h-¸-p-]-«-n-I-b-nÂ 'Vulnerable' F-¶ K-W-¯-n-e-m-W-v DÄ-s-¸-S-p-¯-n-b-n-c-n-¡-p-¶-X-v.

I-m-s-«-c-p-a

a-t-²--y-´-y-b-n-e-p-w-, h-S-¡-p-I-n-g-¡³ C-´--y-b-n-e-p-a-m-W-v I-m-s-«-c-p-a-I-s-f (Wild Buffalo) I-m-W-p-¶-X-v. a-t-²--y-´--y-b-nÂ O-¯-o-k-v-K-V-n-s-e C-{-µ-m-h-X-n-, s-s-`-c-w-K-V-v-, D-U-´-n-, ]-m-t-aÀ F-¶-o h-\--y-P-o-h-n k-m-t-¦-X-§-f-n-e-p-w-, H-d-o-Ê-b-n-s-e t-I-m-c-m-¸-q-S-v P-n-Ã-b-n-e-p-w C-h-s-b ¡-m-W-m-w. h-S-¡-p-þ-I-n-g-¡³ C-´--y-b-nÂ I-m-k-n-c-w-K-, a-m-\-k-v-, Dibru-Saikowa, Laokhawa, Burra Saporri F-¶-n-h-n-S-§-f-n-e-p-w I-m-W-s-¸-S-p-¶-p. C-´--y-¡-p ]-p-d-¯-v t-\-¸-mÄ-, a-y-m³-a-mÀ-, X-m-b-eâ-v-, I-t-¼-m-U-n-b F-¶-n-h-n-S-§-f-n-e-p-w {-i-o-e-¦-b-n-e-p-w C-h-s-b -I-m-W-m-w. N-X-p-¸-p \-n-d-ª D-bÀ-¶ ]-pÂ-t-a-S-p-I-f-m-W-v C-h-b-p-s-S {-]-n-b-¦-c-a-m-b B-h-m-k-h--y-h-Ø. N-X-p-¸-nÂ ]-q-ï-v

b-m-¡-p-w I-m-s-«-c-p-a-b-p-wI-n-S-¡-p-¶ k-z-`-m-h-a-p-Å-h-b-m-W-n-h. ]-p-Ã-m-W-v {-]-[-m-\-a-m-b-p-w ̀ -£-n-¡-p-¶-s-X-¦-n-e-p-w-, N-X-p-¸-p-{-]-t-Z-i-§-f-nÂ I-m-W-p-¶ a-ä-p-k-k--y-§-f-p-w C-h ̀ -£-n-¡-m-d-p-ï-v. C-h-b-p-s-S B-h-m-k-h-y-h-Ø-¡-p k-a-o-]-{-]-t-Z-i-§-f-n-e-p-Å s-\Â-I-r-j-n-b-n-S-§-f-n-e-p-w-, I-c-n-¼-n³-t-X-m-«-§-f-n-e-p-w C-h `-£-W-w-t-X-S-n F-¯-m-d-p-ï-v.

I-d-p-¸-p I-eÀ-¶ N-m-c-\-n-d-a-m-W-n-h-b-v-¡-v. C-h-b-p-s-S I-m-e-n-s-â a-p-«-n-\-p X-m-s-g a-§-n-b s-h-f-p-¯ \-n-d-a-m-W-v. h-f-s-c h-e-n-b s-I-m-¼-p-I-f-m-W-n-h-b-p-t-S-X-v. c-ï-p-X-c-¯-n-e-p-Å s-I-m-¼-p-IÄ I-m-W-m-d-p-ï-v. H-c-n-\-w AÀ-²-h-r-¯-m-I-r-X-n-b-nÂ h-i-§-f-n-t-e-¡-v h-fÀ-¶-h-b-m-W-v-, a-ä-n-\-w s-I-m-¼-v a-p-I-f-n-t-e-¡-v D-bÀ-¶-v A-I-t-¯-¡-v h-f-ª-n-c-n-¡-p-¶-X-p-a-m-W-v. I-m-s-«-c-p-a-I-s-f \-m-s-«-c-p-a-I-f-nÂ \-n-¶-p-w X-n-c-n-¨-d-n-b-p-h-m³ k-l-m-b-n-¡-p-¶ k-h-n-t-i-j-X-I-f-m-W-v h-e-n-b s-I-m-¼-p-IÄ-, h-e-n-b I-mÂ-N-p-h-S-v I-q-S-m-s-X h-f-h-n-Ã-m-¯ t-\À-t-c-J-b-n-e-p-Å ]-p-d-w-`-m-K-w F-¶-n-h.

A-X--y-[-n-I-w h-w-i-\-m-i-`-o-j-W-n t-\-c-n-S-p-¶ I-m-s-«-c-p-a-IÄ s-F.-b-p.-k-n.-F-¶-n-s-â N-p-h-¸-p-]-«-n-I-b-nÂ 'Endangered' F-¶ K-W-¯-n-e-m-W-v DÄ-s-¸-S-p-¯-n-b-n-c-n-¡-p-¶-X-v.

k-k-v-X-\-n-IÄ

b-m-¡-v (Yak) Photos/ Praveen P Mohandas

43www.koodumagazine.com 43IqSv 2014 Pqsse

I-m-s-«-c-p-a- (Wild Buffalo)

BÀ. h-n-t-\-m-Z-v-I-p-a-mÀ

C-´-y-b-n-s-e t-Z-i-P-m-X-n- h-r-£-§-f-nÂ H-¶-m-W-v I-m-«-p-]-q-h-c-i-v (Rhododendron,

Rhododendron arboreum J.E. Smith.). H-c-p I-m-e-¯-v C-´-y-b-nÂ a-m-{-X-w H-X-p-§-n -\-n-¶-n-c-p-¶ C-u a-c-w C-t-¸-mÄ t-\-¸-mÄ-, {-i-o-e-¦-, a-y-m³-a-mÀ-, s-s-N-\ F-¶-n-h-n-S-§-f-n-e-p-w I-m-W-s-¸-S-p-¶-X-m-b-n k-q-N-\-I-f-p-ï-v. C-´-y-b-nÂ \-n-¶-v {-_-n-«-o-j-p-I-m-c-m-W-v C-X-v ]-p-d-¯-p- s-I-m-ï--p- t-]-m-b-s-X-¶-v I-c-p-X-p-¶-p. s-h-Å-¡-m-c-p-s-S l-r-Z-b-w I-hÀ-¶ H-c-p ]-q-a-c-a-m-W-n-X-v. C-́ -y-b-nÂ I-m-i-v-a-oÀ a-p-XÂ \-m-K-m-e-mâ-v h-s-c-b-p-Å l-n-a-m-e-b -t-a-J-e-I-f-n-e-p-w -]-Ý-n-a-L-«-w DÄ-s-̧ -s-S-b-p-Å s-s-P-h-s-s-h-h-n-[-y-t-a-J-e-I-f-n-e-p-w h-f-c-p-¶-p. \-m-K-m-e-m³-U-v-, l-n-a-m-NÂ-{-]-t-Z-i-v F-¶-n-h-n-S-§-f-n-s-e k-w-Ø-m-\-]-p-j-v-]-h-p-w D-̄ -c-m-J-Þ-v-, k-n-¡-n-w F-¶-o k-w-Ø-m-\-§-f-p-s-S H-u-t-Z-y-m-K-n-I h-r-£-h-p-a-m-W-n-X-v.

]-Ý-n-a-L-«-̄ -n-s-â Z-£--n-W-t-a-J-e-b-nÂ h-f-s-c h-n-c-f-a-m-b-n C-u a-c-w I-m-W-s-̧ -S-p--¶-p-ï-v. t-I-c-f-̄ -n-s-e s-s-k-eâ-v h-m-e-n--, B-\-a-p-S-n-t-N-m-e-, a-X-n-s-I-«-m³ t-N-m-e-, ]-m-¼-m-S-p-w-t-N-m-e F-¶-o t-Z-i-o-t-b-m-Z-y-m-\-§-f-nÂ C-u-a-c-w I-s--̄ -n-b-n-«-p-ï--v. I-S-p-̄ h-w-i-\-m-i-̄ -n-s-â h-¡-n-s-e-̄ -n \-n-e-v-¡-p-¶ C-X-n-s-â ]-p-j-v-]-w t-\-̧ -m-f-n-s-â t-Z-i-o-b ]-p-j-v-]-a-m-W-v. h-r-£-w t-]-m-s-e h-f-c-p-¶-X-v F-¶-m-W-v P-o-\-k-v- \-m-a-w s-I-m-ï-v D-t-±-i-n-¡-p-¶-X-v.-

s-s-P-h-h-m-w-i -k-¼-¶-a-m-b-, \-oÀ-h-mÀ-̈ -b-p-Å-,

\-\-h-mÀ-¶ a-®-m-W-v C-u a-c-̄ -n-s-â h-fÀ-̈ -b-v-¡-v A-\-p-t-b-m-P-y-w. A-¾--X-b-p-Å a-®-nÂ \-¶-m-b-n h-f-c-p-w. IT-n-\-a-m-b N-q-S-v X-m-§-m³ k-m-[-n-¡-m-̄ C-X-v X-W-e-n-e-p-w \-¶-m-b-n h-f-c-p-w. \-n-X-y-l-c-n-X-h-r-£-a-m-b I-m-«-p-]-q-h-c-i-n-s-â C-e-IÄ e-L-p-h-m-W-v. 7þ19 s-k.a-o-ä-t-d-m-f-w \-o-f-a-p-Å C-e-IÄ-¡-v C-c-p ]-̈ -\-n-d-a-m-W-v. h-o-X-n-b-p-Å C-e-IÄ-¡-v B-b-X-m-I-m-c-w. G-I-m-́ -c-a-m-b-n h-n-\-y-k-n-̈ -n-c-n-¡-p-¶ C-h-b-p-s-S A-c-n-I-p-IÄ A-J-Þ-a-m-W-v. a-p-IÄ-̀ -m-K-w A-t-c-m-a-n-e-a-m-s--W-¦-n-e-p-w A-S-n-̀ -m-K-w s-h-Å-n- \-n-d-̄ -n-t-e-m X-h-n-«-p -\-n-d-̄ -n-

t-e-m D-Å t-c-m-a-§-f-m-e-m-h-r-X-a-m-b-n-c-n-¡-p-w. ]-q-¡-m-e-w B-c-w-̀ -n-¡-p-¶-X-v P-\-p-h-c-n- a-m-k-̄ -n-

e-m-W-v. C-X-v c-ï-p- a-m-k-t-̄ -m-f-w X-p-S-c-m-d-p-ï--v. ]-q-¡Ä I-p-e-I-f-m-b-n I-m-W-s-¸-S-p-¶-p. N-n-Ã-I-f-p-s-S A-{-K-§-f-n-e-m-W-v ]-q-¦-p-e-I-f-p-ï-m-I-p-¶-X-v. I-S-p-w -N-p-h-¸-p- \-n-d-a-m-W-v ]-q-¡Ä-¡-v. c-à-hÀ-®-s-a-¶-v h-n-t-i-j-n-¸-n-¡-m-w. I-p-S-a-W-n-b-p-s-S B-I-r-X-n-b-p-Å C-h 15-þ20 F-®-w t-NÀ-¶-v C-S-X-n-§-n-b I-q-«-a-m-b-n-«-m-W-v D-ï-m-I-p-¶-X-v. A-©-p s-k.a-o h-y-m-k-h-p-w A-{-X -X-s-¶ \-o-f-

I-m-«-p-]-q-h-c-i-vh-p-a-p-ï-m-I-p-w. Z-z-n-e-n-w-K-]-p-j-v-]-§-f-m-W-v. _-m-l-y-Z-f-§-f-p-w Z-f-§-f-p-w A-©-p h-o-X-w I-m-W-p-w. ]-¯-p k-z-X-{-´-t-I-k-c-§Ä. D-uÀ-[-z-hÀ-¯-n-b-m-b A-Þ-m-i-b-w. [-m-c-m-f-w _-o-P-m-Þ-§-f-p-ï-m-h-p-w. ̂ -e-w Z-oÀ-L-m-b-X-m-I-m-c-a-p-Å I-y-m-]-v-k-y-q-f-m-b-n-c-n-¡-p-w. C-X-n-\-v ]-¨-\-n-d-w. I-«-n-b-p-Å ^-e-I-©-p-I-a-p-Å C-X-n-\-p-Å-nÂ [-m-c-m-f-w h-n-¯-p-I-f-p-ï-m-h-p-w. h-n-¯-n-\-v P-o-h-\-£-a-X -I-p-d-h-m-b-X-n-\-mÂ k-z-m-`-m-h-n-I ]-p-\-c-p-Û-h-w h-n-c-f-a-m-b-n-«-m-W-v \-S-¡-p-¶-X-v.

C-X-n-s-â X-S-n-b-v-¡-v s-h-f-f-b-p-w I-m-X-e-p-a-p-ï--v. I-m-X-e-n-\-v a-n-X-a-m-b C-u-S-p-w _-e-h-p-a-p-ï--v. t-\-¸-mÄ k-z-t-Z-i-n-I-f-m-b K-qÀ-J-IÄ D-]-t-b-m-K-n-¡-p-¶ -'J-p-{-I-n-' F-¶- B-b-p-[-¯-n-s-â ]-n-S-n-, s-]-«-n-IÄ F-¶-n-h- \-nÀ-½-n-¡-m³ C-X-v D-]-t-b-m-K-n-¡-p-¶-p. s-I-m-Ã³-a-m-c-p-s-S B-e-b-nÂ D-]-t-b-m-K-n-¡-m³ t-h-ï--n I-c-n X-S-n-b-nÂ \-n-¶-p-ï-m-¡-m-d-p-ï--v. h-n-d-I-m-b-p-w I-m-«-p-]-q-h-c-i-n³ X-S-n D-]-t-b-m-K-n-¡-p-¶-p.

F-Ã-m-¯-n-\-p-w D-]-c-n-b-m-b-n C-s-X-m-c-p a-n-I-¨ I-m-«-p-]-q-h-m-W-v. I-m-«-nÂ C-u a-c-w ]-q-¯-p-\-n-e-v-¡-p-¶ I-m-g-v-N a-m-\-¯-v a-m-c-n-h-n-Ã-v I-m-W-p-¶-t-]-m-s-e G-ä-h-p-w a-t-\-m-l-ca-m-W-v. ]-q-¡-f-n-s-e t-X-\-nÂ \-n-¶-p-ï-m-¡-p-¶ s-s-h³ h-b-d-p-I-S-n-, h-b-d-n-f-¡-w F-¶-n-h-b-v-¡-p ^-e-{-]-Z-a-m-b H-u-j-[-a-m-W-v. a-o³-a-p-Å-v s-X-m-−b-nÂ I-p-S-p-§-n-b--mÂ C-X-n-s-â ]-q-h-n-X-f-p-IÄ \Â-I-p-¶-X-v B-i-z-m-k-w \-e-v-I-m-d-p-ï--v. P-e-t-Z-m-j-w I-p-d-b-v-¡-m³ ]-«-b-n-Â-\-n-¶-p-ï-m-¡-p-¶ a-q-¡-n-s-¸-m-S-n D-¯-a-a-m-W-v. X-f-n-c-n-e-IÄ A-c-¨-p-ï-m-¡-p-¶ I-p-g-¼-v s-\-ä-n-b-nÂ ]-p-c-«-p-¶-X-v X-e-t-h-Z-\-b-v-¡-p B-i-z-m-k-w \Â-I-p-w.

IqSv 2014 Pqsse h-\-h-r-£-§Ä www.koodumagazine.com44

I-m-«-p-]-q-h-c-i-v-v (Rhododendron) Photos/ N A Naseer

]-q-¡-f-n-s-e t-X-\-nÂ \-n-¶-p-ï-m-¡-p-¶ s-s-h³ h-b-d-p-I-S-n-, h-b-d-n-f-¡-w F-¶-n-h-b-v-¡-p ^-e-{-]-Z-a-m-b H-u-j-[-a-m-W-v.

a-o³-a-p-Å-v s-X-m-−b-nÂ I-p-S-p-§-n-b--mÂ C-X-n-s-â ]-q-h-n-X-f-p-IÄ \Â-I-p-¶-X-v

B-i-z-m-k-w \-e-v-I-m-d-p-ï--v.

t-U-m. a-p-l-½-Z-v P-m-^À ]-m-t-e-m-«-v

\-m-«-n³-]-p-d-§-f-nÂ k-m-[-m-c-W-b-m-b-n I-m-W-p-¶ H-c-n-\-w ]-m-¼-m-W-n-X-v. a-p-

¡-mÂ a-o-ä-t-d-m-f-w \-o-f-¯-nÂ h-f-c-p-¶ X-h-n-«-p \-n-d-¯-n-e-p-Å C-u ]-m-¼-n-s-â i-c-o-c-¯-n-s-â \-m-e-n-s-e-m-c-p-`-m-K-w h-c-p-¶ C-f-w a-ª I-eÀ-¶ s-h-f-p-¯ \-n-d-¯-n-e-p-Å ]-mÀ-i--z-h-c-IÄ C-h-s-b t-h-K-w X-n-c-n-¨-d-n-b-m³ k-l-m-b-n-¡-p-¶-p. X-o-s-c D-]-{-Z-h-I-m-c-n-b-Ã-m-¯ C-u ]-m-¼-n-s-\ k-a-X-e {-]-t-Z-i-§-f-n-e-m-W-v k-m-[-m-c-W-b-m-b-n I-m-W-p-¶-X-v. a-g-¡-m-e-¯-v C-h s-N-d-p-I-q-«-§-f-m-b-n k-©-c-n-¡-m-d-p-ï-v. C-u C-\-¯-nÂ-s-¸-« H-c-p ]-m-¼-n-s-\ s-I-m-¶-mÂ ]-s-¯-®-s-a-¦-n-e-p-w H-¶-n-\-p-]-n-d-s-I H-¶-m-b-n F-¯-p-s-a-¶ A-Ô-h-n-i--z-m -k-w \-m-«-n³-]-p-d-§-f-n-e-p-ï-v. A-X-p-s-I-m-ï-v C-h-b-v-¡-v "]-S-I-q-«-n-' F-s-¶-m-c-p t-]-c-p-a-p-ï-v. s-X-¿³ ]-m-¼-v-, s-s-Z-h-¯-m³ I-p-«-n-, ]-pÂ-¸-m-¼-v F-¶-n-§-s-\-b-p-w C-h-s-b h-n-f-n-¡-m-d-p-ï-v. C-w-¥-o-j-nÂ Striped Keelback (Amphiesma sto-latum) F-¶-m-W-d-n-b-s-¸-S-p-¶-X-v.

i-e--y-s-¸-S-p-¯-n-b-mÂ C-h a-qÀ-J³ ]-m-¼-n-s-\ t-]-m-s-e I-g-p-¯-n-s-â ̀ -m-K-w H-s-«-m-¶-p-h-oÀ-¸-n-¨-v

t-X-f-n-b³ ]-m-¼-vI-m-W-n-¡-m-d-p-ï-v. C-§-s-\ I-g-p-¯-v h-n-I-k-n-¸-n-¡-p-t-¼-mÄ i-e-v-¡-§Ä-¡-n-S-b-nÂ N-p-h-¸-v I-eÀ-¶ \-o-e-\-n-d-§Ä I-m-W-m-d-p-ï-v. a-qÀ-J-s-â I-p-«-n-I-f-m-s-W-¶-v s-X-ä-n-²-c-n-¸-n-¡-m³ C-u s-I-m-¨-p h-n-c-p-X-\-v {-]-t-X--y-I I-g-n-h-p-ï-v. ]-IÂ k-a-b-¯-m-W-v C-c-t-X-S-m-\-n-d-§-p-¶-X-v. s-\Â-h-b-e-p-IÄ-, I-p-¶-n³-]-p-d-§Ä-, ]-pÂ-t-a-S-p-IÄ-,

]-q-t-´-m-«-§Ä-, I-p-f-¯-n-\-p-w t-X-m-S-p-IÄ-¡-n-S-b-n-e-p-a-p-Å I-p-ä-n-¡-m-S-p-IÄ F-¶-n-h-n-S-§-f-n-s-e-m-s-¡ C-u ]-m-¼-n-s-\ I-m-W-m-w. I-g-n-ª 15 hÀ-j-a-m-b-n a-m-S-m-b-n-¸-m-d-b-nÂ \-S-¯-p-¶ a-g I-y-m-¼-nÂ I-y-m-¼-w-K-§Ä Ø-n-c-a-m-b-n I-m-W-p-¶ H-c-p ]-m-¼-n-\-a-m-W-v t-X-f-n-b³. X-h-f-I-f-m-W-v {-]-[-m-\ ̀ -£-W-w. ]-Ã-n-, H-m-´-v-, A-c-W-, a-Õ--y- §Ä F¶nhbpw C-h-b-p-s-S B-l-m-c-]-«-n-I-b-nÂ C-S-w I-s-ï-¯-n-b-n-«-p-ï-v. a-g-¡-m-e-¯-m-W-v {-]-P-\-\--w. 5þ15 a-p-«-IÄ h-s-c-b-n-S-m-d-p-ï-v.

a-qÀ-J-s-â I-p-«-n-I-f-m-s-W-¶-v s-X-ä-n-²-c-n-¸-n-¡-m³ C-u s-I-m-¨-p h-n-c-p-X-\-v {-]-t-X--y-I I-g-n-h-p-ï-v.

]-IÂ k-a-b-¯-m-W-v C-c- t-X-S-m-\-n-d-§-p-¶-X-v.

s-]¬-]-m-¼-p-IÄ H-c-p a-m-k-¡-m-e-t-¯-m-f-w A-S-b-n-c-n-¡-m-d-p-ï-v. a-p-«-h-n-c-n-ª-n-d-§-p-¶ I-p-ª-p-§Ä-¡-v H³-]-X-p s-k.-a-o. h-s-c \-o-f-w I-m-W-p-w. I-p-ª-p-§Ä {-]-m-W-n-IÄ-, s-N-d-p-X-h-f-IÄ-, h-mÂ-a-m-{-I-n-IÄ F-¶-n-h-b-m-W-v `-£-n-¡-p-¶-X-v. G-j--y-b-n-s-e H-«-p-a-n-¡ c-m-P--y- §-f-n-e-p-w t-X-f-n-b³ ]-m-¼-p-ï-v. C-h-b-p-s-S c-ï-v \-n-d-t-`-Z-§Ä \-½-p-s-S C-´--y-b-n-e-p-ï-v. I-q-S-p-XÂ N-p-h-¸-v I-eÀ-¶-\-o-e \-n-d-¯-n-e-p-Å erythrostictus varitey b-m-W-v \-½-p-s-S \-m-«-nÂ I-q-S-p-X-e-m-b-p-w I-m-W-p-¶-X-v.

C-h-b-p-s-S A-S-p-̄ c-ï-p _-Ô-p-¡Ä ]-Ý-n-a-L-« a-e-\-n-c-I-f-n-s-e F³-U-a-n-I-v C-\-§-f-m-W-v. I-m-«-p \-oÀ-t-¡-m-e-n (Beddome's Keelback, Amphiesma beddomei) F-¶-b-n-\-w \-½-p-s-S I-m-S-p-I-f-n-s-e A-c-p-h-n-IÄ-¡-S-p-̄ -v I-g-n-b-m-\-n-j-v-S-s-̧ -S-p-¶-h-b-m-W-v. s-N-m-d-n-b³ X-h-f-I-f-m-W-v C-u ]-m-¼-n-s-â {-]-[-m-\-̀ -£-W-w. X-h-n-«-p-\-n-d-̄ -n-e-p-Å ]-m-¼-n-s-â I-®-n-\-p ]-p-d-I-n-e-m-b-p-Å I-d-p-̄ -]-« X-n-c-n-̈ -d-n-b-m³ k-l-m-b-n-¡-p-¶-p. a-s-ä-m-c-p _-Ô-p-h-m-b a-e-\-oÀ-t-¡-m-e-n (Hill Keelback, Amphiesma monticola) t-K-m-h-b-v-¡-v s-X-¡-p-Å ]-Ý-n-a-L-«-a-e-\-n-c-I-f-n-e-m-W-v I-ï-p-h-c-p-¶-X-v. I-m-«-p-\-oÀ-t-¡-m-e-n-t-b-m-S-v G-s-d k-m-Z-r-i-y-a-p-Å C-u ]-m-¼-n-s-\ X-n-c-n-̈ -d-n-b-p-¶-X-v X-e-b-n-e-p-w I-®-n-\-S-p-̄ -p-a-p-Å s-h-f-p-̄ A-S-b-m-f-§Ä t-\-m-¡-n-b-m-W-v.

45www.koodumagazine.com IqSv 2014 Pqsse 45D-c-K-§Ä

t-X-f-n-b³ ]-m-¼-v (Striped Keelback) Photo/Sudhir Sawant

IqSv 2014 Pqsse i-e-`-N-n-{-X-§Ä www.koodumagazine.com46

s-s-_-P-p ]-m-e-p-h-Å-n

I-n-f-n-h-m-e³ i-e-`-§Ä (Papilionidae) F-¶ N-n-{-X-i-e-` I-p-S-p-w-_-¯-n-s-e

H-c-p A-w-K-a-m-W-v h-n-d-h-m-e³ i-e-`-§Ä. F-t-¸-m-g-p-w N-n-d-I-p-IÄ h-n-d-¸-n-¨-p-s-I-m-ï-v t-h-K-¯-nÂ ]-d-¶-p \-S-¡-p-¶ C-u i-e-`-¯-n-\-v h-n-d-h-m-e³ (Tailed Jay) F-¶ t-]-c-v A-\--zÀ-°-a-m-W-v. \-K-c-§-f-n-e-p-w \-m-«-n³-]-p-d-§-f-n-e-p-w I-m-S-p-I-f-n-e-p-w C-h-s-b I-m-W-m-w. A-X-n-t-h-K-w ]-d-¶-p \-S-¡-p-t-¼-mÄ C-h-b-p-s-S \-n-d-w X-n-c-n-¨-d-n-b-p-I h-f-s-c _-p-²-n-a-p-«-p-Å I-m-c--y-a-m-W-v. A-X-n-c-m-h-n-s-e C-h C-e-b-p-s-S D-]-c-n-X-e-¯-nÂ N-n-d-I-p-IÄ h-n-SÀ-¯-n s-h-b-nÂ I-m-b-m-\-n-c-n-¡-p-t-¼-mÄ \-n-d-§Ä h--y-à-a-m-b-n I-m-W-m³ k-m-[-n-¡-p-w. ]-q-t-´-m-«-§-f-n-s-e Ø-n-c-w k-µÀ-i-I-c-m-W-v C-hÀ. h-n-d-h-m-e³ i-e-`-§-f-p-s-S I-d-p-¸-p-\-n-d-w I-eÀ-¶ C-c-p-ï X-h-n-«-p-\-n-d-¯-n-e-p-Å N-n-d-I-p-I-f-nÂ X-n-f-§-p-¶ C-f-w ]-¨ \-n-d-¯-nÂ s-]-m-«-p-I-f-p-w h-c-I-f-p-a-p-ï-v. N-n-d-I-n-s-â A-S-n-`-m-K-w a-§-n-b X-h-n-«-p-w-, C-f-w ]-¨-b-p-w I-eÀ-¶ \-n-d-¯-nÂ I-d-p-¸-v-, N-p-h-¸-v-, ]-¨ F-¶-o \-n-d-§-f-n-e-p-Å s-]-m-«-p-IÄ I-m-

W-m-w. c-ï-v ]-n³-N-n-d-I-p-I-f-n-e-p-w h-m-e-p-ï-v. s-]¬-i-e-`-§-f-p-s-S ]-n³-N-n-d-I-n-e-p-Å h-m-e-n-\-v X-m-c-X-t-a--y-\ \-o-f-w I-q-S-p-X-e-m-b-n-c-n-¡-p-w. C-h-b-p-s-S N-n-d-I-f-h-v 85-þ100 a-n-Ã-o-a-o-ä-d-m-W-v. C-h ]-q-¡-f-nÂ C-c-p-¶-v t-X³ I-p-S-n-¡-m-d-n-Ã. h-m-b-p-h-nÂ N-n-d-I-S-n-¨-v \-n-¶-p-s-I-m-ï-m-W-v C-h t-X³ I-p-S-n-¡-p-¶-X-v.

A-c-W-a-c-w-, s-N-¼-I-w-, k-o-X-¸-g-w-, A-¯-n-a-c-w-, h-g-\-, a-p-Å-m-¯ F-¶-n-h-b-m-W-v h-n-d-h-m-e-s-â {-]-[-m-\ B-l-m-c-k-k--y-§Ä. C-e-b-p-s-S A-S-n-

b-n-e-p-w X-ï-n-e-p-w s-h-Å-\-n-d-¯-n-e-p-Å D-c-p-ï a-p-« C-S-p-¶-p. Z-n-h-k-w I-g-n-b-p-t-´-m-d-p-w a-p-«-b-p-s-S \-n-d-¯-n-\-v h-y-X--y-m-k-w D-ï-m-I-p-¶-p c-ï-p-Z-n-h-k-w I-g-n-b-p-t-¼-mÄ C-f-w a-ª-\-n-d-¯-n-e-p-w h-n-c-n-b-m-d-m-I-p-t-¼-mÄ C-c-p-ï Xhn«p \-n-d-¯-n-e-p-a-m-b-n-¯-o-c-p-¶-p. a-p-«-h-n-c-n-ª-v ]-p-d-¯-p-h-c-p-¶ i-e-`-¸-p-g-p-h-n-\-v B-Z--y-L-

h-n-d-h-m-e³«-¯-nÂ C-c-p-ï X-h-n-«-p-\-n-d-a-m-b-n-c-n-¡-p-w. a-p-X-p-I-nÂ a-ª I-eÀ-¶ s-h-Å \-n-d-¯-n-e-p-Å H-c-p A-S-b-m-f-w I-m-W-m-w. X-e-b-p-s-S `-m-K-¯-v h-®-w I-q-S-n-b-p-w ]-n-¶-n-t-e-¡-v t-]-m-I-p-t-´-m-d-p-w h-®-w I-p-d-ª-p-w I-m-W-m-w. i-{-X-p-k-m-¶-n-²--y-a-p-ï-m-b-mÂ X-e-b-p-s-S a-p-IÄ `-m-K-¯-p-\-n-¶-v s-]-s-«-¶-v ]-p-d-t-¯-¡-v \-o-«-m-h-p-¶ C-f-w ]-¨-\-n-d-¯-n-e-p-Å c-ï-v s-I-m-¼-p-IÄ (Osmaterium) D-ï-v. B-Z--y-L-«-¯-nÂ C-c-p-ï X-h-n-«-p-\-n-d-¯-n-e-p-Å e-mÀ-h-IÄ Z-n-h-k-§Ä-¡-p-Å-nÂ C-f-w ]-¨ \-n-d-a-m-b-n a-m-d-p-¶-p.

]-y-q-¸-IÄ k-m-[-m-c-W C-f-w ]-¨-\-n-d-¯-n-e-p-Å-h B-b-n-c-n-¡-p-w. F-¶-mÂ N-n-e-t-¸-mÄ C-f-w a-ª-\-n-d-¯-n-e-p-w I-m-W-s-¸-S-p-¶-p-ï-v. ]-y-q-¸-b-p-s-S a-[--y-`-m-K-w t-\À-¯ H-c-p \-m-c-p-s-I-m-ï-v C-e-b-p-a-m-t-b-m X-ï-p-a-m-t-b-m _-Ô-n-¸-n-¨-n-c-n-¡-p-w. X-ï-n-t-e-m C-e-b-n-t-e-m s-N-d-p-X-m-s-b-m-¶-p X-«-n-b-mÂ ]-y-q-¸ ]-n-S-b-p-I-b-p-w ]-p-f-b-p-I-b-p-w s-N-¿-p-¶-X-p-I-m-W-m-w. i-{-X-p-¡-f-nÂ-\-n-¶-p-w c-£-t-\-S-m-\-p-Å H-c-p D-]-m-b-a-m-W-n-X-v. c-ï-m-g-v-N-b-m-I-p-t-¼-mÄ ]-y-q-¸ s-]-m-«-n i-e-`-w ]-p-d-t-¯-¡-v h-c-p-¶-p. N-n-e-t-¸-mÄ c-ï-m-g-v-N F-¶-X-v a-m-k-§-t-f-m-f-w \-o-ï-p-t-]-m-I-p-¶-X-m-b-p-w \-n-c-o-£-n-¨-n-«-p-ï-v. C-´--y³ D-]-`-q-J-Þ-¯-n-e-p-w s-X-¡-p-I-n-g-¡³ G-j-y-b-n-e-p-w h-n-d-h-m-e³ i-e-`-§Ä [-m-c-m-f-a-m-b-n I-ï-p-h-c-p-¶-p.

]-y-q-¸-IÄ k-m-[-m-c-W C-f-w ]-¨-\-n-d-¯-n-e-p-Å-h B-b-n-c-n-¡-p-w. F-¶-mÂ

N-n-e-t-¸-mÄ C-f-w a-ª-\-n-d-¯-n-e-p-w I-m-W-s-¸-S-p-¶-p-ï-v. ]-y-q-¸-b-p-s-S a-[--y-`-m-K-w t-\À-¯ H-c-p \-m-c-p-s-I-m-ï-v C-e-b-p-a-m-t-b-m X-ï-p-a-m-t-b-m _-Ô-n-¸-n-¨-n-c-n-¡-p-w.

h-n-d-h-m-e³ (Tailed Jay)Photo/Koodu Magazine

www.koodumagazine.com IqSv 2014 PqsseC-h-n-s-S C-§-s-\ H-c-mÄ 47

F-d-W-m-I-p-f-w P-n-Ã-b-nÂ ]-m-d-¡-S-h-n-\-S-p-¯-m-W-v

a-q-g-n-¡-p-f-w F-¶ {-K-m-a-w. A-h-n-s-S-b-m-W-v t-{-]-w-I-p-a-mÀ a-q-g-n-¡-p-f-w-i-m-e Ø-m-]-n-¨-n-c-n-¡-p-¶-X-v. t-{-]-w-I-p-a-mÀ F-¶-p-a-m-{-X-w ]-d-ª-mÂ A-X-p ]-qÀ-®-a-m-h-n-Ã-, A-t-±-l-¯-n-s-â t-]-c-n-s-\-m-¸-w a-q-g-n-¡-p-f-w i-m-e F-¶-p t-NÀ-¡-p-t-¼-m-g-m-W-v H-c-p _-ZÂ-P-o-h-n-X-¯-n-s-â k-m-²-y-X-IÄ t-e-m-I-¯-n-\-p a-p-¶-nÂ X-p-d-¶-n-« h-y-à-n-b-p-w Ø-m-]-\-h-p-w H-¶-m-h-p-¶-X-v. c-ï-c-t-b-¡-t-d-m-f-w Ø-e-¯-v H-c-p ]-c-n-Ø-n-X-n-k-u-l-r-Z P-o-h-n-X-w-, H-¸-w H-c-p {-K-m-a-o-W kÀ-Æ-I-e-m-i-m-e F-¶ B-i-b-h-p-w. C-c-p-]-¯-n-c-t-ï-m-f-w \-m-e-p-s-I-«-p-I-f-p-w C-c-p-]-s-¯-m-¼-t-X-m-f-w H-ä-a-p-d-n-h-o-S-p-I-f-p-a-p-Å H-c-p ]-mÀ-¸-n-S k-a-p-¨-b-w. a-s-ä-m-c-p t-e-m-I-w A-s-Ã-¦-nÂ a-s-ä-m-c-p P-o-h-n-X-w k-m-²-y-a-m-W-v F-¶-v t-e-m-I-¯-n-s-â a-p-¼-nÂ D-d-s-¡ {-]-J-y-m-]-n-¡-p-¶ H-c-p t-I-{-µ-a-m-W-v a-q-g-n-¡-p-f-w i-m-e-b-p-s-S C-u B-Ø-m-\-w.

a-X-n-e-p-I-f-n-Ã-m-¯-, c-m-k-h-f-§-f-p-w I-o-S-\-m-i-n-\-n-I-f-p-w {-]-t-h-i-n-¸-n-¡-m³ ]-m-S-n-Ã-m-¯-, S-m-d-n-§-v s-N-¿-m-¯-, t-X-b-v-¡-m-¯-, A-©-p-s-kâ-nÂ ]-W-n-b-m-h-p-¶ G-ä-h-p-w h-e-n-b \-m-e-p-s-I-«-p-w H-c-p s-kâ-nÂ ]-W-n-b-m-h-p-¶ H-ä-a-p-d-n-h-o-S-p-I-f-p-s-a-m-s-¡-b-p-Å N-m-e-¡-p-S-n-¸-p-g-b-p-s-S X-o-c-¯-p-Å \-n-È-_-v-Z-a-m-s-b-m-c-n-S-w. A-X-p-t-]-m-s-e _-ZÂ h-n-Z-y-m-`-y-m-k-¯-n-\-p-Å H-c-p k-m-²-y-X-, H-c-p {-]-I-r-X-n k-v-I-qÄ F-¶ B-i-b-h-p-w (H-c-p k-z-m-`-m-h-n-I ]T-\-t-I-{-µ-w-) \-S-¸-n-e-m-¡-m-\-m-b-n a-\-Ê-n-e-p-ï-v. A-X-p-s-I-m-ï-p-X-s-¶ I-p-«-n-I-s-f t-I-{-µ-o-I-c-n-¨-p-Å I-y-m-¼-p-IÄ ]-e-t-¸-m-g-p-w C-h-n-s-S \-S-¯-m-d-p-ï-v. I-q-S-m-s-X ]-c-n-Ø-n-X-n-k-u-l-r-Z-h-o-S-p-I-f-p-s-S {-]-N-c-W-w. \-m-«-d-n-h-p-IÄ. {-]-I-r-X-n-I-r-j-n-b-p-a-m-b-n _-Ô-s-¸-«-n-«-p-Å s-N-d-p-{-]-hÀ-¯-\-§Ä.

1200 hÀ-j-§Ä-¡-p a-p³-]-v I-p-e-t-i-J-c³ Ø-m-]-n-¨ t-N-c-k-m-{-a-m-P-y-h-p-a-m-b-n _-Ô-s-¸-« H-¶-m-W-v a-q-g-n-¡-p-f-w i-m-e. B k-m-{-a-m-P-y-¯-nÂ kÀ-Æ-I-e-m-i-m-e t-]-m-s-e {-]-hÀ-¯-n-¨-n-c-p-¶ h-e-n-b \-m-e-p h-n-Z-y-m-`-y-m-k-t-I-{-µ-§-f-p-ï-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p. A-X-n-s-e-m-¶-m-W-v a-q-g-n-¡-p-f-w

i-m-e. A-¡-m-e-¯-v t-I-c-f-¯-n-s-e {-K-m-a-§-f-nÂ G-ä-h-p-w H-u-¶-X-y-¯-nÂ \-n-¶-n-c-p-¶-X-v a-q-g-n-¡-p-f-w {-K-m-a-a-m-W-t-{-X.

F-d-W-m-I-p-f-¯-v U-n-k-n _-p-I-v-k-nÂ t-P-m-e-n s-N-¿-p-t-¼-mÄ-X-s-¶ t-{-]-a³-, a-q-g-n-¡-p-f-w-i-m-e F-¶ B-i-b-¯-n-t-e-¡-v a-\-Ê-p-s-I-m-ï-v A-S-p-¯-p-I-g-n-ª-n-c-p-¶-p. ]-c-n-Ø-n-X-n-b-p-w s-s-]-X-r-I-h-p-a-m-b-n _-Ô-s-¸-«-p {-]-hÀ-̄ -n-¡-p-¶ H-c-p I-q-«-m-b-v-a F-¶ \-n-e-b-nÂ X-p-S-§-n-b-X-m-W-n-X-v. k-w-K-o-X-w-, k-m-l-n-X-y-w-, _-ZÂ h-n-Z-y-m-̀ -y-m-k-w C-h-s-b-Ã-m-w H-c-p-a-n-̧ -n--̈v k-a-{-K-a-m-s-b-m-c-p I-m-g-v-N-̧ -m-S-nÂ

P-o-h-n-X-s-̄ -, k-a-q-l-s-̄ A-s-Ã-¦-nÂ {-]-©-s-̄ t-\-m-¡-n-¡-m-W-p-I F-¶-p-Å A-S-n-Ø-m-\-̄ -n-e-m-W-v a-q-g-n-¡-p-f-w i-m-e-b-p-s-S X-p-S-¡-w. A-h-n-s-S s-h-̈ -p-X-s-¶ -'R-m-ä-p-t-h-e-' F-¶ t-]-c-nÂ a-q-¶-p-Z-n-h-k-w \-o-ï-p-\-nÂ-¡-p-¶ H-c-p a-g-¡-m-e I-y-m-¼-v F-Ã-m hÀ-j-h-p-w \-S-̄ -m-d-p-ï-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p. a-g-b-p-w k-m-l-n-X-y-h-p-w k-w-K-o-X-h-p-w I-r-j-n-b-p-w k-w-k-v-I-r-X-n-b-p-w F-Ã-m-w _-Ô-s-̧ -S-p-̄ -n-b-n-«-p-Å H-c-p D-Õ-h-w X-s-¶-b-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p A-X-v. C-t-̧ -m-g-p-w R-m-ä-p-t-h-e F-¶-p-t-IÄ-¡-p-t-¼-mÄ-

-̄s-¶ a-q-g-n-¡-p-f-w-i-m-e-s-b-¡-p-d-n-̈ -v H-mÀ-¡-p-¶-h-c-p-ï-v. H-c-p R-m-ä-p-t-h-e I-e-ïÀ B-Z-y-w c-q-]-IÂ-]-\ s-N-b-v-X-v ]-p-d-̄ -n-d-¡-n-b-X-p-w i-m-e-X-s-¶-b-m-W-v. -̂n-k-n-I-v-k-n-e-p-Å _-n-c-p-Z-w b-p-à-n-k-l-a-m-s-b-m-c-p N-n-́ -¡-v h-g-n-s-X-f-n-¨-n-«-p-s-ï-¶-Ã-m-s-X t-h-s-d {-]-t-b-m-P-\-s-a-m-¶-p-a-p-ï-m-b-n-«-n-s-Ã-¶-p-w A-t-±-l-¯-n-s-â h-m-¡-p-IÄ.

B-I-v-ä-n-h-n-k-¯-n-e-p-w H-«-p-w ]-p-d-I-n-e-Ã t-{-]-w-I-p-a-mÀ. I-m-X-n-¡-p-S-w \-n-ä-m-P-e-m-ä-n³ k-a-c-a-p-J-¯-v F-¯-n-t-¨À-¶-v I-p-d-¨-p-\-mÄ a-p-¶-nÂ \-n-¶-p-X-s-¶ B k-a-c-s-¯ \-b-n-¨-n-«-p-ï-v. i-c-n-¡-p-]-d-ª-mÂ I-m-X-n-¡-p-S-w k-a-c-s-¯ C-{-X-b-p-w a-p-J-y-[-m-c-b-n-t-e-¡-p s-I-m-ï-p-h-c-m-\-p-Å {-]-[-m-\ I-m-c-W-¡-m-c-n-s-e-m-c-mÄ t-{-]-w-I-p-a-m-d-m-W-v. P-o-h-n-X-s-¯ h-y-X-y-k-v-X-a-m-b H-c-p ]-c-o-£-W-a-m-b-n I-m-W-p-I-b-p-w B ]-c-o-£-W-w h-n-P-b-I-c-a-m-b-n {-]-m-hÀ-¯-n-I-a-m-¡-p-I-b-p-w s-N-¿-p-¶-p F-¶-p-Å-X-m-W-v a-q-g-n-¡-p-f-w i-m-e-b-n-e-q-s-S-b-p-Å t-{-]-a-s-â k-t-µ-i-w.

C-h-n-s-S C-§-s-\ H-c-mÄ \-½-p-s-S-b-n-S-b-nÂ P-o-h-n-¨-n-c-n-¡-p-¶-p-ï-v. ]-e-t-¸-m-g-p-w t-h-ï-c-o-X-n-b-nÂ X-n-c-n-¨-d-n-b-s-¸-S-m-¯ H-c-mÄ. A-h-s-c s-X-c-ª-p-I-s-ï-¯-p-I-b-m-W-v I-q-S-v. {-]-I-r-X-n-b-v-¡-p-w k-a-q-l-¯-n-\-p-w X-t-â-X-m-b k-w-`-m-h-\-IÄ \Â-I-n-b-hÀ-, ]-e-t-¸-m-g-p-w \-n-È-_-v-Z-c-m-b-n. \-n-§Ä-¡-p-w ]-e-t-¸-m-g-p-w \-n-§-f-p-s-S N-p-ä-p-a-p-Å N-n-e k-h-n-t-i-j-h-y-à-n-X-z-§-s-f a-ä-p-Å-h-c-p-s-S a-p-¶-nÂ ]-c-n-N-b-s-¸-S-p-¯-W-s-a-¶-v t-X-m-¶-n-t-b-¡-m-w. A-§-s-\-b-p-Å-h-s-c-¡-p-d-n-¨-p-Å h-n-h-c-§Ä R-§sf Adnbn¡pI.

_-ZÂ-P-o-h-n-X-¯-n-s-â ]À®-i-m-e

t-{-]-w-I-p-a-mÀ-, a-q-g-n-¡-p-f-w-i-m-e

hn-h-c-§Ä R-§Ä-¡v sa-bnÂ ([email protected]) sN-¿p-I-tbm _-Ô-s¸-Sp-I-tbm () sN-¿p-I.

IqSv amknI, sImc«n ]n.H. XrÈqÀ 680308 9495504602 [email protected] f facebook.com/KooduMagazine

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t-I-c-f-¯-nÂ G-ä-h-p-w-I-q-S-p-XÂ \-oÀ-¯-S t-Z-i-m-S-\-]-£-n-

IÄ F-¯-p-¶ a-m-d-t-©-c-n t-I-mÄ-t-a-J-e-b-nÂ ]-£-n-IÄ-¡-v t-N-t-¡-d-m³ ]-p-X-p-h-r-£-§Ä F-¶ B-i-b-h-p-a-m-b-n s-s-e-ä-v-a-m-P-n-¡-v t-^-m-t-«-m-¢-_-v. t-I-c-f t-I-mÄ d-n-kÀ-¨-v Bâ-v d-n-t-k-m-g-v-k-v s-kâÀ-, s-F t-^-mÀ C-´-y a-o-U-n-b-m I¬-t-k-mÀ-j-y-w-, a-m-d-t-©-c-n K-h:l-bÀ s-k-¡-ï-d-n k-v-I-qÄ t-\-¨À ¢-º-v-, h-n-h-n-[ t-I-mÄ-]-S-h-v I-½-n-ä-n-IÄ F-¶-n-h-c-p-s-S k-l-I-c-W-t-¯-m-s-S-b-m-W-v ]-²-X-n \-S-¸-m-¡-p-¶-X-v.

k-o-k-W-nÂ C-´-y-b-p-s-S h-n-h-n-[-`-m-K-§-f-nÂ-\-n-¶-p-w h-n-t-Z-i-¯-p-\-n-¶-p-w

B-b-n-c-¡-W-¡-n-\-v \-oÀ-¯-S t-Z-i-m-S-\ ]-£-n-I-f-m-W-v C-h-n-s-S F-̄ -m-d-p-Å-X-v. F-¶-mÂ C-h-¡-v t-N-t-¡-d-m-\-p-w I-q-S-p-s-I-«-m-\-p-w a-X-n-b-m-b C-S-§-f-n-Ã-m-

-̄X-n-\-mÂ k-a-o-] {-]-t-Z-i-§-f-n-s-e ]-p-c-b-n-S-§-f-n-t-e-¡-v ]-d-¶-p-h-c-p-¶-X-p-w A-h-n-s-S-s-h-̈ -v ]-£-n-t-h-«-¡-v h-n-t-[-b-a-m-I-p-¶-X-p-w C-h-n-s-S k-m-[-m-c-W-a-m-W-v. C-u {-]-i-v-\-̄ -n-s-\-m-c-p ]-c-n-l-m-c-w F-¶-X-m-W-v h-n-c-p-¶-p-I-mÀ-s-¡-m-c-p ]-mÀ-̧ -n-S-w ]-²-X-n e-£-y-w-s-h-¡-p-¶-X-v. t-I-mÄ \-n-e-s-̄ h-o-X-n-I-q-S-n-b _-ï-p-I-f-p-s-S H-m-c-§-f-nÂ a-s-®-m-e-n-̧ -v X-S-b-m³ k-l-m-b-n-¡-p-¶ t-h-c-p-]-S-e-t-̄ -m-S-p-I-q-S-n-b-X-p-w

]-£-n-I-s-f B-IÀ-j-n-¡-p-¶-X-p-w D-b-c-w-s-h-¡-m-s-X ]-SÀ-¶-p-]-́ -e-n-¡-p-¶-X-p--w ]-q-¡-f-p-w s-N-d-p-]-g-§-f-p-w D-ï-m-I-p-¶-X-p-a-m-b s-X-c-s-ª-S-p-̄ 50þ-H-m-f-w -X-c-w a-c-§-f-m-W-v C-h-n-s-S \-«-p ]-c-n-]-m-e-n-¡-p-¶-X-v.

a-g-¡-m-e-̄ -v s-h-Å-s-¡-«-v D-b-c-p-¶ {-]-t-Z-i-§-f-nÂ b-m-s-X-m-c-p a-p³-I-c-p-X-e-p-I-f-p-w C-Ã-m-s-X a-®-S-n-̈ -v \-n-I-̄ -n \-nÀ-½-n-¡-p-¶ _-ï-p-I-f-nÂ C-u h-r-£-s-s-̄ -IÄ s-h-̈ -p-]-n-S-n-̧ -n-¡-p-¶-t-X-m-s-S a-s-®-m-e-n-̧ -v X-S-b-m-\-p-w, A-X-p-h-g-n hÀ-j-m-hÀ-j-w k-w-̀ -h-n-¡-p-¶ _-ï-p-s-]-m-«-n I-r-j-n \-i-n-¡-p-I F-¶ Z-p-c-́ -̄ -n-\-v H-c-p ]-c-n-[-n-h-s-c A-d-p-X-n h-c-p-̄ -m-\-p-w C-u ]-²-X-n h-g-n k-m-[-n-¡-p-s-a-¶-p-w k-w-L-m-S-IÀ ]-d-ª-p.

a-m-d-t-©-c-n I-p-½-n-̧ -m-e-w _-ï-nÂ ]-²-X-n-b-p-s-S D-Z-v-L-m-S-\-w B-Z-y h-r-£-s-s-̄ \-«-p-s-I-m-ï-v ]-c-n-Ø-n-X-n {-]-hÀ-̄ -I A-¼-n-f-n S-o-̈ À \-nÀ-Æ-l-n-̈ -p. a-m-d-t-©-c-n ]-©-m-b-̄ -v F³.-BÀ-.C-.P-n-.F-k-v. A-{-I-U-n-ä-U-v F-©-n-\-o-bÀ {-i-o-P-n-̄ -v t-h-f-b-m-X-n-t-¡-m-S-v-, t-I-mÄ d-n-kÀ-̈ -v Bâ-v d-n-t-k-m-g-v-k-v s-kâÀ s-{-]-m-P-I-v-S-v t-I-mÀ-U-n-t-\-äÀ P-a-mÂ-]-\-¼-m-S-v-, s-F t-̂ -mÀ C-́ -y {-]-[-n-\-n-[-n d-̂ -o-¡-v ]-t-«-c-n-, s-s-e-ä-v-a-m-P-n-¡-v t-̂ -m-t-«-m ¢-º-v s-k-{-I-«-d-n s-c-Z-p t-Z-h-v s-]-m-¶-m-\-n F-¶-n-hÀ t-\-X-r-X-z-w \Â-I-n.

c-ï-m-w-L-«-̄ -nÂ, I-r-j-n-þ-a-r-K-k-w-c-£-W h-I-p-̧ -p-IÄ-, s-I-FÂ-U-n-k-n-, ]-n-s-I-U-n-F-, X-t-±-i k-z-b-w-̀ -c-W Ø-m-]-\-§Ä F-¶-n-h-b-p-s-S k-l-I-c-W-

t-̄ -m-s-S s-]-m-¶-m-\-n-t-¡-m-f-n-s-e a-p-g-p-h³ _-ï-p-I-f-n-t-e-¡-p-w h-y-m-]-n-̧ -n-¡-m-\-p-w-, A-a-n-X-a-m-b c-m-k I-o-S-þ-I-f-\-m-i-n-\-n {-]-t-b-m-K-w a-q-e-w t-I-mÄ-t-a-J-e-b-nÂ-\-n-¶-p-w A-{-]-X-y-£-a-m-b-n-s-I-m-ï-n-c-n-¡-p-¶ a-n-{-X-I-o-S-§-f-m-b F-«-p-I-m-e-n-IÄ-, X-p-¼-n-IÄ-, ]-q-¼-m-ä-IÄ-, s-N-d-p-I-n-f-n-IÄ F-¶-n-h-s-b B-IÀ-j-n-¡-p-¶ ]-q-¡-t-f-m-S-p-I-q-S-n-b s-s-P-h-t-h-e-n-IÄ-, c-m-a-̈ -w-, X-o-ä-þ-H-m-S-̧ -pÂ F-¶-n-h s-h-̈ -v ]-n-S-n-̧ -n-̈ -v _-ï-v _-e-s-̧ -S-p-̄ -m-\-p-w-, H-c-p k-z-m-̀ -m-h-n-I s-s-P-h B-h-m-k h-y-h-Ø ]-p-\À k-r-j-v-S-n-¡-m-\-p-a-m-W-v h-n-̀ -m-h-\-w s-N-¿-p-¶-X-v.

I‑q‑S‑p‑XÂ h‑n‑h‑c‑§Ä‑¡‑v: P‑a‑mÂ ]‑\‑¼‑m‑S‑v 9846795905.

48 IqSv 2014 Pqsse ]cnØnXn hmÀ¯IÄ

I-mÀ-_¬ ]-p-d-´-Å-p-¶-X-n-s-â t-X-m-X-p I-p-d-b-v-¡-m³

C-´-y ]-p-X-n-b \-b-§Ä \-nÀ-½-n-¡-p-¶-p. B-t-K-m-f-a-m-b-n I-mÀ-_¬ ]-p-d-´-Å-p-¶-X-nÂ a-p³-]-´-n-b-n-e-p-Å c-m-P-y-§-f-n-s-e-m-¶-m-W-v C-´-y. ]-t-£-, h-\-\-i-o-I-c-W-w a-q-e-a-p-Å A-[-n-I-c-n-¨ I-mÀ-_¬ h-n-kÀ-Ö-\-¯-n-\-p X-S-b-n-S-p-¶-X-n-\-m-b-n ]-p-X-n-b \-b-§Ä B-h-n-j-v-I-c-n-¨-p-s-I-m-ï-n-c-n-¡-p-I-b-m-W-v. t-e-m-I-c-m-j-v-{-S-k-w-L-S-\-b-p-s-S (UN), REDD+ (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and forest Deg-radation) ]-²-X-n-¡-\-p-k-r-X-a-m-b-n ]-p-X-n-b \-b-t-c-J-b-p-ï-m-¡-n-b-n-c-n-¡-p-I-b-m-W-v t-I-{-µ h-\-w-þ-]-c-n-Ø-n-X-n a-{-´-m-e-b-w. t-e-m-I-¯-n-s-e ]-e A-w-K-c-m-j-v-{-S-§Ä H-¯-p-t-NÀ-s-¶-m-c-p I-q-«-m-b {-]-hÀ-¯-\-a-m-W-v REDD+. 2008þÂ {-]-hÀ-¯-\-w X-p-S-§-n-b C-u

]-²-X-n-{-]-I-m-c-w s-s-Z-\-w-Z-n-\ P-o-h-n-X-¯-n-\-m-b-n I-m-S-n-s-\ B-{-i-b-n-¡-p-¶ k-a-p-Z-m-b-§Ä-¡-v h-\-\-i-o-I-c-W-w I-p-d-b-v-¡-p-¶-X-n-\-m-b-n k-m-¼-¯-n-I-k-l-m-b-w \Â-I-p-¶-p.

-'l-c-n-X-K-r-l-h-m-X-I-§-f-p-s-S A-a-n-X-a-m-b h-n-kÀ-Ö-\-w a-q-e-a-p-Å I-m-e-m-h-Ø-m-h-y-X-n-b-m-\-a-m-W-v C-¶-s-¯ G-ä-h-p-w IT-n-\-a-m-b s-h-Ã-p-h-n-f-n-'-, a-{-´-m-e-b-¯-n-s-â I-p-d-n-¸-nÂ ]-d-b-p-¶-p. I-mÀ-_¬ s-s-U H-m-I-v-s-s-k-U-n-s-â ({-]-[-m-\-s-¸-« H-c-p l-c-n-X-K-r-l h-m-X-I-w-) h-n-kÀ-Ö-\-¯-n-\-p-Å {-]-[-m-\ I-m-c-W-§Ä h-\-\-i-o-I-c-W-h-p-w h-\-t-i-m-j-W-h-p-a-m-W-v.

a-c-§Ä a-p-d-n-¨-p-a-m-ä-p-¶-X-n-\-p ]-I-c-w {-]-m-t-Z-i-n-I-k-a-q-l-§Ä-¡-v A-hÀ-¡-p N-p-ä-p-a-p-Å h-\-§Ä k-w-c-£-n-¡-p-¶-X-n-\-v k-m-¼-¯-n-I-k-l-m-b-§Ä \Â-I-p-w. I-m-S-p-IÄ t-e-m-I-

¯-n-s-e G-ä-h-p-w h-e-n-b I-mÀ-_¬ k-q-£-n-¸-p-t-I-{-µ-§-f-m-b-n I-W-¡-m-¡-s-¸-S-p-¶-X-n-\-mÂ h-\-\-i-o-I-c-W-¯-n-\-p X-S-b-n-S-m-\-m-b-mÂ A-X-p-a-q-e-a-p-ï-m-I-p-¶ B-t-K-m-f-X-m-]-\-s-¯-b-p-w I-mÀ-_¬ h-n-kÀ-Ö-\-¯-n-e-q-s-S-b-p-ï-m-I-p-¶ I-m-e-m-h-Ø-m-h-y-X-n-b-m-\-s-¯-b-p-w \-n-b-{-´-n-¡-m-\-m-h-p-s-a-¶-v {-]-X-o-£-n-¡-p-¶-p.

REDD+ ]-²-X-n-b-nÂ C-´-y ]-¦-m-f-n-b-m-h-p-¶-p F-¶-X-v H-c-p \-m-g-n-I-¡-Ã-m-W-v. I-m-c-W-w-, C-´-y-b-p-s-S C-c-p-]-X-p i-X-a-m-\-¯-n-e-[-n-I-w {-]-t-Z-i-w \-n-_-n-U-h-\-§-f-mÂ B-h-r-X-a-m-b-n-c-n-¡-p-¶-p. s-a-m-¯-¯-nÂ C-´-y-¡-m-s-I 92.20 a-n-e-y¬ s-l-I-v-SÀ h-\-t-a-e-m-¸-p-ï-v. h-\-§-f-mÂ B-h-r-X-a-m-b c-m-P-y-§-f-p-s-S ]-«-n-I-b-nÂ C-´-y-¡-v ]-¯-m-w Ø-m-\-a-p-ï-v. ]-t-£-, G-ä-h-p-w I-q-S-p-XÂ I-mÀ-_¬ h-n-kÀ-Ö-n-

¡-p-¶ c-m-P-y-§-f-p-s-S ]-«-n-I-b-n-e-p-w C-´-y h-f-s-c a-p-I-f-n-e-m-W-v.

C-u ]-p-X-n-b-\-b-¯-n-s-â \-nÀ-½-m-W-t-h-f-b-nÂ REDD+ \-n-_-Ô-\-IÄ t-Z-i-o-b-X-e-¯-n-e-p-w {-]-m-t-Z-i-n-I-a-m-b-p-w \-S-¸-m-¡-m³ I-g-n-b-p-s-a-¶-v C-´-y {-]-X-y-m-i-n-¡-p-¶-p. h-\-\-i-o-I-c-W-w I-p-d-¡-p-I F-¶-X-m-W-v B-X-y-´-n-I-e-£-y-s-a-¶-n-c-n-t-¡ C-X-v {-]-m-hÀ-¯-n-I-a-m-¡-p-¶-X-v A-{-X F-f-p-¸-a-p-Å H-¶-Ã. t-\-¸-m-f-nÂ {-]-m-t-Z-i-n-I h-\-k-a-p-Z-m-b-§Ä A-hÀ-¡-v C-u ]-²-X-n-a-q-e-w h-c-p-a-m-\-w I-p-d-ª-X-m-b-m-W-v ]-c-m-X-n-s-¸-S-p-¶-X-v. REDD+ F-¶-X-v B-X-y-´-n-I-a-m-b-n H-c-p ]-m-c-n-Ø-n-X-n-I ]-²-X-n-b-m-W-v. Z-m-c-n-{-Z-y-¯-mÂ I-j-v-S-s-¸-S-p-¶ h-\-k-a-p-Z-m-b-§-f-p-s-S D-¶-a-\-¯-n-\-m-b-n C-u ]-²-X-n-s-I-m-ï-v I-m-c-y-a-m-s-b-s-´-¦-n-e-p-w s-N-¿-m³ I-g-n-b-p-s-a-¶-v t-X-m-¶-p-¶-n-Ã.

a-m-d-t-©-c-nbnÂ h-n-c-p-¶-p-I-mÀ-s-¡-m-c-p ]-mÀ-¸-n-S-w

`-m-c-X-w I-q-S-p-XÂ l-c-n-X-a-m-I-p-¶-p

D-b-c-w-s-h-¡-m-s-X ]-SÀ-¶-p-]-´-e-n-¡-p-¶-X-p--w ]-q-¡-f-p-w s-N-d-p-]-g-§-f-p-w D-ï-m-I-p-¶-X-p-a-m-b

s-X-c-s-ª-S-p-¯ 50þ-H-m-f-w -X-c-w a-c-§-f-m-W-v C-h-n-s-S \-«-p ]-c-n-]-m-

e-n-¡-p-¶-X-v.

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t-I-c-f-¯-nÂ I-q-S-p-I-q-«-m³ s-]-e-n-¡-³]-p-Å-n-̈ -p-ï³ s-I-m-X-p-¼-\-w

(Spot-billed Pelican) F-¶ s-]-e-n-¡-\-p-I-s-f t-I-c-f-̄ -nÂ-\-n-¶-p-w a-p³-]-p-w d-n-t-̧ -mÀ-«-v s-N-b-v-X-n-«-p-s-ï-¦-n-e-p-w A-h I-q-S-p-I-q-«-p-¶-X-v B-Z-y-a-m-b-m-W-v ]-£-n-\-n-c-o-£-I-c-p-s-S {-i-²-b-nÂ s-]-S-p-¶-X-v. X-n-c-p-\Â-t-h-e-n-b-n-s-e I-q-´³-I-p-f-̄ -p-w s-s-a-k-q-c-n-\-S-p-̄ -p-Å c-w-K-W-̄ -n-«-n-e-p-w s-]-e-n-¡³ I-q-S-v I-ï-n-«-p-s-ï-¦-n-e-p-w t-I-c-f-̄ -nÂ C-h I-q-S-p-I-q-«-p-¶-X-m-b-n t-c-J-s-̧ -S-p-̄ -n-b-n-«-n-Ã. C-u hÀ-j-w I-W-n-a-w-K-e-w t-I-mÄ-\-n-e-§-f-n-e-p-w C-h-b-p-s-S H-c-p I-q-«-w D-ï-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p. ]-Ý-n-a-s-I-m-̈ -n-b-n-s-e s-]-m-¡-m-f-n-̧ -m-S-̄ -p-Å H-c-p s-X-§-n-e-m-W-v C-h-b-p-s-S I-q-S-p-IÄ s-a-b-v B-Z-y-h-m-c-w I-s-ï-̄ -n-b-X-v. s-X-§-n-s-â a-ï-b-nÂ C-c-p-h-i-̄ -p-a-m-b-m-W-v c-ï-p I-q-S-p-I-f-p-ï-m-b-n-c-p-¶-X-v. \-m-e-p I-p-ª-p-§-s-f-b-p-w I-ï-n-c-p-¶-p. ]-qÀ-® h-fÀ-̈ -s-b-

-̄m-̄ I-p-ª-p-§-f-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p A-h.

H-c-p I-q-«-w I-m-¡-IÄ N-p-ä-p-a-p-Å s-X-§-p-I-f-nÂ C-c-p-¶-p-s-I-m-ï-v C-S-b-v-¡-v ]-d-¶-p I-p-ª-p-§-s-f D-]-{-Z-h-n-¡-p-¶-p-a-p-ï-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p. s-]-e-n-¡³ a-p-«-IÄ t-a-m-j-v-S-n-¡-p-¶ I-m-¡-I-s-f I-q-́ ³-I-p-f-̄ -v I-ï-n-«-p-s-ï-¦-n-e-p-w C-{-X h-e-n-b I-p-ª-p-§-s-f I-m-¡-IÄ D-]-{-Z-h-n-¡-p-¶-X-v B-Z-y-a-m-b-n-«-m-W-v {-i-²-b-nÂ-s-̧ -S-p-¶-X-v. a-\-p-j-y-k-m-a-o-]-y-w a-\-k-n-e-m-¡-n-b-mÂ ]-£-n-IÄ I-q-S-v D-t-]-£-n-̈ -p t-]-m-I-p-¶-X-v k-m-[-m-c-W-a-m-b-X-n-\-mÂ b-Y-mÀ-° Ø-e-w s-h-f-n-s-̧ -S-p-t-̄ -ï F-¶-m-W-v ]-£-n-\-n-c-o-£-IÀ X-o-c-p-a-m-\-n-̈ -n-«-p-Å-X-v. s-]-e-n-¡³ t-I-c-f-̄ -nÂ I-q-S-p-I-q-«-n I-p-ª-p-§-s-f h-n-c-n-b-n-̈ -p F-¶ h-mÀ-̄ G-X-p {-]-I-r-X-n k-v-t-\-l-n-s-b k-w-_-Ô-n--̈p-w i-p-̀ k-q-N-I-a-m-W-v. C-X-v \-n-e-\-nÂ-

¡-W-s-a-¦-nÂ A-h-b-p-s-S k-w-c-£-W-w D-d-̧ -p h-c-p-t-̄ -ï-X-m-W-v. H-f-n-ª-p-w s-X-f-n-ª-p-a-p-Å t-h-«-b-m-SÂ C-t-̧ -m-g-p-w \-½-p-s-S ]-m-S-t-i-J-c-§-nÂ I-m-W-m-w.

t-e-m-I-̄ -n-s-e G-ä-h-p-w h-e-n-b B-\ F-¶-p

h-n-t-i-j-n-̧ -n-¡-s-̧ -S-p-¶ k-X-m-t-h-m-, t-h-«-¡-m-c-p-s-S h-n-j-w ]-p-c-«-n-b A-¼-p-I-f-mÂ s-I-m-Ã-s-̧ -«-p. s-I-\-n-b-b-n-s-e I-n-g-¡³ k-m-t-h-m t-Z-i-o-t-b-m-Z-y-m-\-

-̄n-e-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p \-mÂ-̧ -̄ -©-p h-b-Ê-n-e-[-n-I-w {-]-m-b-a-p-Å C-u B-{-̂ -n-¡³ B-\ P-o-h-n-̈ -n-c-p-¶-X-v. \-n-e-̄ -p-h-s-c a-p-«-p-¶ s-I-m-¼-p-I-f-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p k-X-m-t-h-m-h-n-s-â G-ä-h-p-w h-e-n-b {-]-t-X-y-I-X. A-X-p-X-s-¶-b-m-W-v C-u K-P-t-{-i-j-vT-s-â P-o-h³ I-hÀ-¶-X-p-w. c-ï-p-a-o-ä-d-o-e-[-n-I-w

\-o-f-a-p-Å-X-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p s-I-m-¼-p-IÄ. s-I-\-n-b-b-p-s-S A-̀ -n-a-m-\-a-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p k-X-m-t-h-m. s-I-\-n-b-b-nÂ B-\-s-¡-m-¼-p-IÄ-¡-p-t-h-ï-n-b-p-Å t-h-« h-f-s-c h-y-m-]-I-a-m-W-v. k-X-m-t-h-m-h-n-\-p-w C-h-s-â-s-b-m-¸-a-p-Å a-ä-p s-I-m-¼-•-mÀ-¡-p-w {-]-t-X-y-I k-p-c-£-b-p-ï-m-b-n-c-p-¶-n-«-p-t-]-m-e-p-w t-h-«-¡-mÀ B-\-s-¡-m-¼-n-\-p t-h-ï-n C-X-n-s-\ s-I-m-Ã-p-I-b-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p. s-I-\-n-b-b-nÂ 2013þÂ a-m-{-X-w 20-,000þ-e-[-n-I-w B-\-I-s-f B-\-s-¡-m-¼-p-IÄ-¡-p-t-h-ï-n t-h-«-¡-mÀ s-I-m-s-¶-m-S-p-¡-n-b-n-«-p-ï-v.

k-X-m-t-h-m s-I-m-Ã-s-¸-«-p

t-I-c-f-¯-n-e-t-§-m-f-a-n-t-§-m-f-w h-r-£-s-s-¯-IÄ \-«-v

\-m-t-f-¡-m-b-n X-W-s-e-m-c-p-¡-p-¶-h-c-p-s-S k-w-K-a-w X-r-È-qÀ k-m-l-n-X-y A-¡-m-Z-a-n-b-nÂ \-S-¶-p. s-s-X-\-SÂ H-c-p P-o-h-n-X-N-c-y-b-m-¡-n a-m-ä-n e-£-¡-W-¡-n-\-v s-s-X-IÄ \-«-p-]-n-S-n-¸-n-¨ ]-m-e-¡-m-S-v I-Ã-qÀ-k-z-t-Z-i-n-b-m-b _-m-e-\-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p G-ä-h-p-w {-i-²-n-¡-s-¸-«-X-v. h-\-a-n-{-X ]-p-c-k-v-I-m-c-w e-`-n-¨-n-«-p-Å C-u

A-d-p-]-¯-n-\-m-e-p-I-m-c³ ]-c-n-Ø-n-X-n-t-I-c-f-¯-n-\-v h-f-s-c h-e-n-b k-w-`-m-h-\-b-m-W-v \Â-I-n-b-n-«-p-Å-X-v. h-n-Z-y-m-[-c³-, k-n.h-n. i-y-m-w-I-p-a-mÀ-, t-h-W-p-t-K-m-]-mÂ-, hÀ-¤-o-k-v-, t-U-m. k-o-X-m-c-m-a³-, k-n.F-w. t-P-m-b-v-, A-_-v-Z-pÄ d-Ò-m³-, t-a-m-l³-Z-m-k-v-, A-c-o-^-e-n-, Z-o-]-p-a-m-j-v F-¶-n-h-s-c a-w-K-f-]-{-X-w \Â-I-n B-Z-c-n-¨-p. t-U-h-n-k-v h-fÀ-¡-m-h-n-s-â t-\-X-r-X-z-¯-n-e-m-W-v ]-c-n-]-m-S-n k-w-L-S-n-¸-n-¡-s-¸-«-X-v.

X-WÂ \-S-p-¶-h-c-p-s-S k-w-K-a-w

s-N-d-n-b t-^-m-t-«-m-{-K-m-^-d-p-s-S h-e-n-b N-n-{-X-§Ä

h-b-\-m-S-v I-Ã-qÀ k-z-t-Z-i-n-b-m-b F.h-n. A-`-n-P-n-¯-n-s-â t-^-m-t-«-m-

{-]-ZÀ-i-\-w t-I-m-g-n-t-¡-m-S-v e-f-n-X-I-e-m A-¡-m-Z-a-n BÀ-«-v K-m-e-d-n-b-nÂ \-S-¶-p. I-u-a-m-c-¡-m-c-\-m-b A-`-n-P-n-¯-n-s-â N-n-{-X-§Ä {-]-I-r-X-n-b-n-t-e-¡-p X-p-d-¡-p-¶ I-m-a-d-¡-®-p-I-f-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p. A-]-qÀ-Æ-a-m-b ]-£-n-I-f-p-s-S-b-p-w ]-m-¼-p-I-f-p-s-S-b-p-w ]-q-¼-m-ä-I-f-p-s-S-b-p-w h-\-y-P-o-h-n-I-f-p-s-S-b-p-w a-ä-p-a-m-b-n 60 N-n-{-X-§-f-m-W-v {-]-ZÀ-i-\-¯-n-\-p-ï-m-b-n-c-p-¶-X-v. ̀ -m-c-X-o-

b-h-n-Z-y-m-`-h³ h-n-Z-y-mÀ-°-n-b-m-b A-`-n-P-n-¯-v c-ï-p-hÀ-j-a-m-b-n {-]-I-r-X-n-b-p-s-S k-u-µ-c-y-w I-m-a-d-b-nÂ ]-IÀ-¯-p-¶-X-nÂ D-Õ-p-I-\-m-W-v. h-b-\-m-S-v {-]-I-r-X-n k-w-c-£-W-k-a-n-X-n-b-p-w ̀ -m-c-X-o-b h-n-Z-y-m-`-h³ h-b-\-m-S-v t-I-{-µ-b-p-w t-NÀ-¶-m-W-v 't-k-m-§-v H-m-^-v i-y-m-a-' F-¶-p t-]-c-n-«-n-c-n-¡-p-¶ C-u {-]-ZÀ-i-\-w k-w-L-S-n-¸-n-¨-X-v. {-]-i-k-v-X h-\-y-P-o-h-n t-^-m-t-«-m-{-K-m-^À t-U-m. F-w.F-k-v. a-b-nÂ-h-m-l-\-\-m-W-v D-Z-v-L-m-S-\-w \-nÀ-Æ-l-n-¨-X-v.

Photo/Sachin San

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Koodu Magazine, Pazhayi Building Koratty P.O., Thrissur, Kerala, India - 680308.Phone: +91 9495504602E-Mail: [email protected] www.koodumagazine.com

C-þsa-bn-en-eq-sS h-cn-¡mcmIp-hm³ B-{K-ln-¡p-¶-hÀ A-{U-Ên-t\m-sSm-¸w _m-¦v {Sm³-kv-^À hn-h-c-§Ä Iq-Sn tNÀ-¯v sa-bnÂ sN-¿p-I

KOODU NATURE MAGAZINE

]cnØnXn hmÀ¯IÄ

I-m-S-n-s-\ s-N-¶-v s-X-m-S-p-t-¼-mÄ

{-]-i-k-v-X h-\-y-P-o-h-n t-^-m-t-«-m-{-K-m-^-d-p-w ]-c-n-Ø-n-X-n k-w-c-£-W-

{-]-hÀ-¯-I-\-p-a-m-b F³.F. \-k-o-d-n-s-â \-S-¶-p-a-d-ª I-m-t-S-mÀ-½-I-f-p-w A-\-p-`-h-§-f-p-w t-NÀ-¯-v a-m-X-r-`-q-a-n B-g-v-N-¸-X-n-¸-nÂ {-]-k-n-²-o-I-c-n-¨-p-s-I-m-ï-n-c-n-¡-p-¶ -'a-e-a-p-g-¡-n-' F-¶ ]-c-¼-c a-m-X-r-`-q-a-n _-p-I-v-k-v -'I-m-S-n-s-\ s-N-¶-v s-X-m-S-p-t-¼-mÄ-' F-¶ t-]-c-nÂ ]-p-d-̄ -n-d-¡-p-¶-p. P-q-s-s-e 19 i-\-n-b-m-g-v-N s-s-h-I-o-«-v \-m-e-p-a-W-n-¡-v X-r-È-qÀ k-m-l-n-X-y A-¡-m-Z-a-n l-m-f-nÂ h-̈ -m-W-v ]-p-k-v-X-I-{-]-I-m-i-\-w \-S-¡-p-¶-X-v.

s-I-m-¨-n \-K-c-¯-n-s-e h-\-y-P-o-h-n-t-{-]-a-n-IÄ-¡-v Z-r-i-y-

h-n-c-p-s-¶-m-c-p-¡-n a-q-¶-m-w-I-®-v F-¶ h-\-y-P-o-h-n t-^-m-t-«-m-{-K-m-^-n {-]-ZÀ-i-\-w k-a-m-]-n-¨-p. t-a-m-l³ t-X-m-a-k-v-, t-X-m-a-k-v h-n-P-b³-, j-^-o-I-v F-¶-n-hÀ t-e-m-I-¯-n-s-â ]-e c-m-P-y-§-f-nÂ \-n-¶-p-w ]-IÀ-¯-n-b h-\-y-P-o-h-n-I-f-p-s-S-b-p-w ]-£-n-I-f-p-s-S-b-p-w N-n-{-X-§-f-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p {-]-ZÀ-i-\-¯-n-\-p-ï-m-b-n-c-p-¶-X-v. \-K-c-w

I-ï G-ä-h-p-w P-\-¯-n-c-t-¡-d-n-b t-^-m-t-«-m F-I-v-k-n-_-n-j-\-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p C-X-v. c-m-P-y-§-f-p-s-S \-n-b-{-´-W-t-c-J-IÄ-¡-p-a-¸-p-d-¯-v h-\-y-P-o-h-n-I-f-p-s-S k-u-µ-c-y-w G-ä-h-p-w a-t-\-m-l-c-a-m-b-n ]-IÀ-¯-n A-X-n-s-â X-p-S-n-¸-v H-«-p-w-X-s-¶ t-N-mÀ-¶-p-t-]-m-I-m-s-X-b-p-Å s-{-^-b-n-a-p-IÄ G-s-d {-i-²-n-¡-s-¸-«-p. P-q¬ 19 a-p-XÂ 23 h-s-c UÀ-_-mÀ-l-m-f-n-e-m-W-v {-]-ZÀ-i-\-w \-S-¶-X-v.

h-n-k-v-a-b-a-m-b-n a-q-¶-m-w-I-®-v

s-s-hÂ-U-v-s-s-e-^-v {-S-Ì-v H-m-^-v C-´-y-b-p-s-S

F-I-v-k-n-I-y-q-«-o-h-v U-b-d-I-v-S-d-m-b h-n-t-h-I-v-t-a-t-\-m-s-â -'C-´-y³ a-m-½Â-k-v-' F-¶ ^-oÂ-U-v s-s-K-U-v t-I-c-f I-mÀ-j-n-I kÀ-Æ-I-e-m-i-m-e-b-nÂ s-h-¨-v t-U-m. t-P-¡-_-v N-o-c³ P-q¬ 16þ-\-v {-]-I-m-i-\-w s-N-b-v-X-p. t-U-m. h-n.F-k-v. h-n-P-b-\-m-W-v B-Z-y-{-]-X-n

k-z-o-I-c-n-¨-X-v. C-´-y-b-n-s-e k-k-v-X-\-n-I-s-f-¡-p-d-n-¨-p-Å G-ä-h-p-w B-[-n-I-m-c-n-I-a-m-b ^-oÂ-U-v-s-s-K-U-m-W-v h-n-t-h-I-v-t-a-t-\-m-t-â-X-v. a-t-\-m-l-c-a-m-b N-n-{-X-§-t-f-m-S-p-I-q-S-n-b C-u ]-p-k-v-X-I-¯-nÂ C-´-y-b-n-s-e \-m-¶-q-d-n-e-[-n-I-w k-k-v-X-\-n-I-s-f-¡-p-d-n-¨-p-Å h-n-h-c-W-§-f-p-ï-v-, B-b-n-c-¯-n-e-[-n-I-w N-n-{-X-§-f-p-w. H-c-p B-\-t-{-]-a-n-b-m-b

h-n-t-h-I-v-t-a-t-\-m³-, A-d-n-b-s-¸-S-p-¶ h-\-y-P-o-h-n k-w-c-£-I-\-p-w \-n-c-h-[-n h-\-y-P-o-h-n ]-p-k-v-X-I-§-f-p-s-S c-N-b-n-X-m-h-p-w s-s-hÂ-U-v-s-s-e-^-v {-S-Ì-v H-m-^-v C-´-y-b-p-s-S Ø-m-]-I-\-p-a-m-W-v. I-q-S-m-s-X h-f-s-c-b-[-n-I-w c-m-P-y-§-f-nÂ h-\-y-P-o-h-n-k-w-c-£-W-h-n-j-b-§-f-p-a-m-b-n _-Ô-s-¸-«-v D-]-t-Z-j-v-S-m-h-m-b-p-w {-]-hÀ-¯-n-¡-p-¶-p.

"C-́ -y-b-n-s-e k-k-v-X-\-n-IÄ-' ]-p-k-v-X-I-{-]-I-m-i-\-w

P-b-I-p-a-m-d-n-\-v ]-c-n-Ø-n-X-n ]-p-c-k-v-I-m-c-w

X-n-c-p-h-\-´-]-p-c-¯-p-Å X-W-e-n-s-â {-S-Ì-n-b-p-w ]-c-n-Ø-n-X-n-{-]-

hÀ-¯-I-\-p-a-m-b k-n. P-b-I-p-a-m-d-n-\-v a-W-¸-p-d-w {-K-q-¸-n-s-â Ø-m-]-I-\-m-b h-n.k-n. ]-ß-\-m-`³ k-v-a-m-c-I ]-c-n-Ø-n-X-n ]-p-c-k-v-I-m-c-w. G-s-d hÀ-j-§-f-m-b-n t-I-c-f-¯-n-s-â I-mÀ-j-n-I k-w-c-£-W c-w-K-¯-v {-I-n-b-m-ß-I-a-m-b H-t-«-s-d {-]-hÀ-¯-\-§Ä \-S-¯-n-b-n-«-p-Å-b-m-fmW-v P-b-I-p-a-m-À. P-q¬ 28þ-\-v X-r-È-qÀ h-¨-p \-S-¶ N-S-§-nÂ ]-p-c-k-v-I-m-c-w k-½-m-\-n-¨-p. Photo/Seema Suresh

Printed and Published by Muraleedharan V., Veluthamessery, Cheruvaloor P.O., Thrissur 680308, on behalf of Muraleedharan V., and Printed at Nirmala HiPrint, Ayyanthole, Thrissur and published at Koratty PO,

Thrissur District, Kerala 680308. Editor: Muraleedharan V.

Registered. KL/IJK/45/2014-2016RNI No. KERMAL/2013/52526 Kootu Prakrithiyude Spandanam Published on 01/07/2014

July 2014 / `40/-

x‑n‑c‑p ‑h‑m ‑x‑n‑c ‑b‑nÂ a-m-b -p-t -¼-mÄ...4 iqsv 2014 pqsse t-b-m-p-n...

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