wwi “the great war”
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WWI “THE GREAT WAR”. King George V of England & Czar Nicholas II of Russia. Kaiser William II of Germany & Czar Nicholas II of Russia. All were first cousins !!!. M.A.I.N. Causes of WWI. Militarism. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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WWIWWI“THE “THE
GREAT GREAT WAR”WAR”
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KingKing George VGeorge V of of EnglandEngland & & CzarCzar Nicholas IINicholas II of of RussiaRussia
Kaiser Kaiser William II William II of of GermanyGermany & & CzarCzar NicholasNicholas IIII of of RussiaRussia
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M.A.I.N. Causes of WWI
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MilitarismMilitarism
As this occurs, rivals feel threatened and As this occurs, rivals feel threatened and build up their build up their militarymilitary strength toostrength too..
•Nations Nations increase increase
their their military military
strength to strength to reach their reach their
goals.goals.
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Alliances• Defense agreements
between nations to aid
each other, especially
during war.
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Imperialism•A
nation’s desire to grow and expand its territories.
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Nationalism The
feeling of intense
pride and loyalty to
one's countryTwo wounded British soldiers walk with wounded German soldier.
IE: Intense patriotism to the IE: Intense patriotism to the point that one is willing to point that one is willing to
sacrifice and even lay down sacrifice and even lay down their life.their life.
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Short Term Cause of WWI
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Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand heir to the Austro-
Hungarian Empire, was the
spark that caused the war,
on June 28, 1914.
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The Archduke The Archduke was killed by was killed by 19 year old 19 year old
Gavrilio Princip Gavrilio Princip member of the member of the ““Black Hand,Black Hand,”” a a
SerbianSerbian nationalist nationalist group who group who believed believed Austro-Austro-
Hungarian rule Hungarian rule would destroy would destroy his homeland.his homeland.
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Picture during the arrest. Picture during the arrest.
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Watch the Dominos
Fall !!!
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Austro-Hungarian
Empire sent demands to
Serbian government.Serbia rejected
demands.
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With the help of
Germany, the Austro-
Hungarian Empire
declared war on Serbia…
Germany declared war
on Russia (ally of
Serbia)…
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Germany declared war on France (ally of
Russia) and marched on
neutral Belgium and
Luxemburg.
Great Britain declared war on Germany (ally
sworn to protect
Belgium).
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Central Powers Central Powers versus the Alliesversus the Allies
Allied PowersAllied Powers France British Empire Serbia Belgium Russia 1917 United States
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Central Powers Central Powers versus the Alliesversus the Allies
Central Powers German Empire Austro-
Hungarian Empire
Ottoman Empire Bulgaria
Pictured: Kaiser Wilhelm II, Germany, Pictured: Kaiser Wilhelm II, Germany, Enver Pasha Ottoman Empire (Turkey), Enver Pasha Ottoman Empire (Turkey),
Emperor Franz Joseph, Austro Hungarian Emperor Franz Joseph, Austro Hungarian Empire (Austria/Hungary). Empire (Austria/Hungary).
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Reasons for United States
Involvement in WWI The U.S. could The U.S. could
no longer no longer remain remain neutralneutral
in face of in face of increasing increasing
threatsthreats to its to its national national
interests.interests.
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1. The U.S. could no longer remain neutral; 2. the U.S. had close economic
and political ties to England.
What were the 4 reasons the United States entered
into World War I?
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3. German 3. German unrestrictedunrestricted submarinesubmarine warfare (to warfare (to prevent supplies prevent supplies from reaching from reaching England): sinking England): sinking of the of the LusitaniaLusitania
German unrestricted submarine German unrestricted submarine warfarewarfareThe Germans shot at any ships The Germans shot at any ships without warning — a violation of without warning — a violation of international lawinternational law
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Interception of the Interception of the Zimmerman TelegramZimmerman Telegram
4. The Zimmerman Telegram offered Mexico the land it lost to the U.S. during the Mexican War if Mexico would align itself with Germany in the event that the U.S. entered the War.
This outraged Americans.
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April 6, April 6, 1917:1917: Congress Congress declared declared war war on on GermanyGermany
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What occurred when What occurred when American troops went to war?American troops went to war?
President Woodrow Wilson of the U.S.
provided leadership during the war, along with his commander,
General John Pershing, who led the American
Expeditionary Force of American soldiers, called
doughboys, in Europe.
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On October 4, 1918 -the Germans
requested an
armistice, or an
agreement to end
the fighting.
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The armistice began on November 11, 1918.11th day, 11th month, 11thhour
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United States United States leadership as leadership as the war endedthe war ended
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January 1919 January 1919 – world leaders gather in Paris, France for a
peace conference.
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At the end of World War I,
President Wilson prepared a peace plan, called the
Fourteen Points.
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This plan called for the
formation of the League of
Nations, which would be a
peacekeeping organization.
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The Allies disagreed on how to The Allies disagreed on how to ““punishpunish” the” the Central Central Powers.Powers. Wilson did not want to punish them – Wilson did not want to punish them –
other allies sought other allies sought revengerevenge..
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Eventually, Germany was forced to accept responsibility for the war and agree to pay money for war damages…
No more weapons.No more colonies.
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U. S. President Wilson Britain David Lloyd George France George Clemenceau Italy Victorio Orlando
Countries who made up the Treaty of Versailles and their
leaders…
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American Opposition Wilson presented the
Treaty of Versailles to the U.S. Senate in July 1919 for ratification. The Senate had to approve
the treaty before the U.S could officially accept it.
Many Americans did not trust the idea of a League of Nations.
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American Opposition The Treaty of
Versailles was rejected in 1920 by the United States. The U.S. did NOT join the
League of Nations.
In 1921 the U.S. signed a separate treaty with each of the Central Powers, officially ending the war.
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World War I EndsWorld War I Ends