wwi aftermath ssbat conclude why the treaty of versailles laid the foundation for wwii
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WWI AftermathWWI Aftermath
SSBAT conclude why the SSBAT conclude why the Treaty of Versailles laid the Treaty of Versailles laid the foundation for WWIIfoundation for WWII
Treaty AreasTreaty Areas
Guilt & the LeagueGuilt & the League
Territorial ChangesTerritorial Changes
Military ReductionsMilitary Reductions
Fiscal ResponsibilityFiscal Responsibility
Treaty of VersaillesTreaty of Versailles
Guilt & the LeagueGuilt & the League
Germans admit full responsibilityGermans admit full responsibility– Clause 231 - “War Guilt Clause”Clause 231 - “War Guilt Clause”
Germany pays for all damageGermany pays for all damage– $33 billion goes to France/Belgium$33 billion goes to France/Belgium
League of NationsLeague of Nations created created
Treaty of VersaillesTreaty of VersaillesTerritorial ChangesTerritorial Changes
Most land from Germany :Most land from Germany :– Alsace-Lorraine Alsace-Lorraine (given to France)(given to France)– Eupen and Malmedy Eupen and Malmedy (given to (given to
Belgium)Belgium)– Northern Schleswig Northern Schleswig (given to Denmark)(given to Denmark)– Hultschin Hultschin (given to Czech.)(given to Czech.)– West Prussia, Posen & Silesia West Prussia, Posen & Silesia (given to Poland)(given to Poland)– Saar, Danzig, Memel & coloniesSaar, Danzig, Memel & colonies (League of Nations)(League of Nations)– EstoniaEstonia (Independence)(Independence)– LithuaniaLithuania (Independence)(Independence)– LatviaLatvia (Independence)(Independence)
A-H dissolved – creates 5 new countriesA-H dissolved – creates 5 new countries
Treaty of VersaillesTreaty of Versailles
Military ReductionMilitary Reduction
SMALL German armySMALL German army to 100,000 / no tanks to 100,000 / no tanks
SMALL German navySMALL German navy to 6 ships / no subs to 6 ships / no subs
NO German air forceNO German air force
Rhineland a demilitarized zone (DMZ)Rhineland a demilitarized zone (DMZ)
Occupation army on French side of RhineOccupation army on French side of Rhine
Treaty of VersaillesTreaty of Versailles
Fiscal ResponsibilityFiscal Responsibility
Coal regions lost – needed for rebuilding Coal regions lost – needed for rebuilding – $33 billion – attempt to bankrupt Germany$33 billion – attempt to bankrupt Germany
Germany forbidden to unite w/ AustriaGermany forbidden to unite w/ Austria
League of NationsLeague of Nations
LON consisted of per./nonperm. countriesLON consisted of per./nonperm. countries– 5 permanent members / 4 non-permanent5 permanent members / 4 non-permanent– G.B., France, Italy, U.S., JapanG.B., France, Italy, U.S., Japan
Today’s UN used LON setup after WWII Today’s UN used LON setup after WWII
League limited to economic action ONLYLeague limited to economic action ONLY
France wanted international armyFrance wanted international army
Germany, USSR barred from LONGermany, USSR barred from LON
Fmr. Ottoman Empire prov. under LON Fmr. Ottoman Empire prov. under LON controlcontrol
Reaction to the WWI TreatiesReaction to the WWI Treaties
Great BritainGreat Britain
treaties too harsh - wanted to forgive & forgettreaties too harsh - wanted to forgive & forget
upset at “right of self-determination”upset at “right of self-determination”– CanadaCanada– AustraliaAustralia– New ZealandNew Zealand– South AfricaSouth Africa– IndiaIndia
FranceFrance
treaties were too easytreaties were too easy
allied w/ Belgium, Poland & Czechsallied w/ Belgium, Poland & Czechs
ItalyItaly
mad at Allies - didn’t get landmad at Allies - didn’t get land
RussiaRussia
lost land - not invited to peace talkslost land - not invited to peace talks
not invited to LONnot invited to LON
Reaction to the WWI TreatiesReaction to the WWI Treaties
JapanJapan
gained German Islands on China coast gained German Islands on China coast
the major power in Asia after WW Ithe major power in Asia after WW I
GermanyGermany
way too harsh & unfair - treaty dictated peaceway too harsh & unfair - treaty dictated peace
outragedoutraged & & resented resented the War Guilt Clausethe War Guilt Clause
reparations too highreparations too high - depression - depression
Reaction to the WWI TreatiesReaction to the WWI Treaties
Were the terms carried out ?Were the terms carried out ?
The League of Nations createdThe League of Nations created– HappenedHappened
Land & colonies handed over the AlliesLand & colonies handed over the Allies– HappenedHappened – Central powers land under LON control – Central powers land under LON control
All land from Russia handed back All land from Russia handed back – HappenedHappened – land in W. Russia right of self-determination – land in W. Russia right of self-determination
Small German army Small German army – Happened – On PaperHappened – On Paper – Side-stepped: soldiers were put in reservesSide-stepped: soldiers were put in reserves– Never had more than 100,000 “active” soldiers at once Never had more than 100,000 “active” soldiers at once
Small German navySmall German navy– HappenedHappened – Germany couldn’t afford battleships – Germany couldn’t afford battleships
No air forceNo air force– Happened – On PaperHappened – On Paper– Pilots trained abroad & used glidersPilots trained abroad & used gliders
Western Germany demilitarizedWestern Germany demilitarized– HappenedHappened
Germany forbidden to unite with AustriaGermany forbidden to unite with Austria– HappenedHappened
Germany accept "War Guilt Clause" / pay reparationsGermany accept "War Guilt Clause" / pay reparations– Happened – On paperHappened – On paper– Attempted to pay – couldn’t do itAttempted to pay – couldn’t do it– 1920’s Allies reduced amount1920’s Allies reduced amount– Refused to pay in 1933 w/ Hitler - Allies did nothing Refused to pay in 1933 w/ Hitler - Allies did nothing
Were the terms carried out ?Were the terms carried out ?
WWI Impact at HomeWWI Impact at Home
Not as mobilized as during WWIINot as mobilized as during WWII
Political & economic impact negligiblePolitical & economic impact negligible
Great MigrationGreat Migration – Immigration Act stopped incoming foreignersImmigration Act stopped incoming foreigners– African Americans moved to fill jobsAfrican Americans moved to fill jobs
First use of the Selective ServiceFirst use of the Selective Service
Post-WWI: Dissolution of the Ottoman Post-WWI: Dissolution of the Ottoman Empire & Impact of Middle Eastern Empire & Impact of Middle Eastern MandatesMandates
WWI Social ImpactWWI Social ImpactFEAR of GermansFEAR of GermansNo Bach/BeethovenNo Bach/BeethovenNo German classesNo German classesSauerkraut to liberty cabbageSauerkraut to liberty cabbageDachshunds to liberty houndsDachshunds to liberty houndsGerman measles to liberty measlesGerman measles to liberty measlesMobs attack German immigrantsMobs attack German immigrantsLynching of Robert PragerLynching of Robert Prager– Allowed to write a note to his parents in Germany: Allowed to write a note to his parents in Germany: – ““Dear Parents: I must on this, the 4th day of April, 1918, Dear Parents: I must on this, the 4th day of April, 1918,
die. Please pray for me, my dear parents.”die. Please pray for me, my dear parents.”– During trial defendants wore red, white, and blue ribbonsDuring trial defendants wore red, white, and blue ribbons– Band played patriotic songs - 25 min. found “not-guilty” Band played patriotic songs - 25 min. found “not-guilty”