wret3310_lec 1 introductory

8/3/2019 WRET3310_Lec 1 Introductory

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Dr. Khalid Shaker

E-mail :[email protected]

Room :Notes: Faculty Web Site Student Centre

WRET3310: Web Programming

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Learning Outcome

y At the end of the course, student is able to:

1. Describe about the internet and web technology.

2. Differentiate the importance of each web programming

technologies.3. Develop a web application using web programming

languages/scripting and tools.y Able to create Web documents using XHTML and XML

y A

ble to write client scripting (e.g. JavaScript / VBScript)y Able to developASP.NET applications using VB.NET

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Course Content

1. Introduction to the Internet andWWW, andWeb applicationdevelopment (1 week)

2. Extensible Hypertext Markup Language (XHTML ), DynamicHypertext Markup Language (DHTML), Web authoring tool(1 week)

3. Client scripting using Java Scripts (3 weeks)

4. Server scripting using ASP. NET (4 weeks) + ProjectPresentation Phase 1

5. XML (Extensible Markup Language) (3 weeks) + Test

6. Test, Project Presentations & Revision (2 weeks) + ProjectPresentation Phase 2

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References

1. Deitel, Deitel & Neito: Internet & World Wide Web: How toProgram, Prentice Hall, 4th Edition (lectures notes are mainlyderived from this book)

2. Deitel, Deitel & Neito: E-Business & E-Commerce: How toProgram, Prentice Hall

3. Other related books

4. Online materials on the Web programming languages andtools

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Assessment

1. Final Exam 50%

2. ContinuousAssessment 50%y Test 15%

y Assignment 1 (Individual) 15%y Assignment 2 (Group Project) 20%

o Presentation on the Planning & Work Progress 10% -week 7

o Presentation on the Final System 10% - week 12

y Group should be formed by next week. Email me your group

members (including contact information) by next week.

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infoy Notes is available on the Intranet - Student Centre.

y Tutorials/Lab Sessions at MM5 (capacity 20); 2 hours allocationtime (the first hour is compulsory).

y Students must provide solutions for all tutorial /lab questions inboth softcopy and hardcopy.

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The Internet, WWW, WebApplicationDevelopment (principles & requirements)

Todays Lecture

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History of the Internet and World Wide

Web

y ARPANET

y Implemented in late 1960s byARPA (Advanced ResearchProjectsAgency of DOD)

y Networked computer systems of a dozen universities andinstitutions with 56KB communications lines

y Grandparent of todays Internet

y Intended to allow computers to be shared

y Became clear that key benefit was allowing fast communication

between researchers electronic-mail (email)


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Web

y ARPAs goals

y Allow multiple users to send and receive info at same time

y Network operated packet switching techniquey Digital data sent in small packages called packets

y Packets contained data, address info, error-control info and sequencing info

y Greatly reduced transmission costs of dedicated communications lines

y Network designed to be operated without centralized controly If portion of network fails, remaining portions still able to route packets


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Web

y Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)

y Name of protocols for communicating overARPAnet

y Ensured that messages were properly routed and that they arrivedintact

y Organizations implemented own networks

y Used both for intra-organization and communication


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Web

y Huge variety of networking hardware and software appeared

y ARPA achieved inter-communication between all platforms withdevelopment of the IPy Internetworking Protocol

y Current architecture of Internet

y Combined set of protocols called TCP/IP

y The Internet

y Limited to universities and research institutions

y Military became big usery Next, government decided to access Internet for commercial

purposes


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Web

y Internet traffic grewy Businesses spent heavily to improve Internet

y Better service their clients

y Fierce competition among communications carriers and hardware and softwaresuppliers

y Resulted in massivebandwidth increase and plummeting costs

y Tim Berners-Lee invents HyperText Markup Language (HTML)y Also writes communication protocols to form the backbone new information system =

World Wide Web

y Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)a communications protocol used to sendinformation over the web

y Web use exploded with availability in 1993 of the Mosaic browser

y MarcAndreessen founds Netscapey Company many credit with initiating the explosive Internet of late 1990s.


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World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)

y W3C Founded in 1994 by Tim Berners-Lee

y Homepage at www.w3.org

y Goalsy Internet universally accessible

y Standardizationy W3C Recommendations:

Technologies standardized by W3C

include the Extensible HyperText Markup Language (XHTML), CascadingStyle Sheets (CSS), HyperText Markup Language (HTMLnow

considered a legacy technology) and the Extensible Markup Language(XML).

not an actual software product, but a document that specifies a technologysrole, syntax rules and so forth.


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Tim Berners Lee

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Web 2.0

y 2003 noticeable shift in how people and businesses were using the web anddeveloping web-based applications

y The term Web 2.0 was coined by Dale Dougherty of OReillyy Web 2.0 definition = companies use the web as a platform to create collaborative,

community-based sites (e.g., social networking sites, blogs, wikis, etc.).

y

Web 1.0 (1990s and early 2000s) focused on a small number of companies andadvertisers producing content for users to accessy brochure web)

y Web 2.0 involves they Web 1.0 is as a lecture,y Web 2.0 is a conversation

y

Websites like MySpace , Facebook , Flickr , YouTube, eBay and Wikipedia ,users create the content, companies provide the platforms.


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Web 2.0

y Architecture of participation

y Open source software

y Collective

y

Rich InternetA

pplications (RIA

s)y Software as a Service (SaaS)

y Web services incorporate functionality from existing

applications and websites into own web applicationsy Amazon Web Services

y Maps web services with eBay web services


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Web 2.0

y Future computers learn to understand the meaning of thedata on the web = Semantic Web

y Deitel Web 2.0 Resource Center at

www.deitel.com/web2.0/ for more information.


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Internet?

y It is a worldwide, publicly accessible network ofinterconnected computer networks that transmit data bypacket switching using the standard Internet Protocol(IP).

y It is a "network ofnetworks that consists of millionsof smaller domestic, academic, business, andgovernment networks.

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World Wide Web (WWW)

y The World Wide Web (or the "Web") is a system ofinterlinked, hypertext documents that runs over

the Internet.

y With a Web browser, a user views Web pages that maycontain text, images, and other multimedia and navigates

between them using hyperlinks.

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Personal, Distributed and Client/Server

Computing

y 1977Apple Computer popularized personal computingy Computers became economical for personal or business use

y Machines could be linked together in computer networksy Local area networks (LANs)y

Distributed computingy Workstationsy Servers offer data storage and other capabilities that may be used

by client computers distributed throughout the network,y Client/server computing

y

Popular operating systemsy UNIX, Linux, Mac OS X and Microsofts Windows


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Hardware Trends

y Improving technologiesy Internet community thrives on improvements of

y Hardware, Software and Communications

y Cost of products and servicesy Consistently dropping over the decades

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Computer capacity and speedy Doubles every two years (on average) = Moores Lawy Microprocessor chip

y Laid groundwork in late 1970s and 1980s for productivity improvements of the1990s

y Hardware moving toward mobile, wireless technology.y

Hand-held devices more powerful than early supercomputersy Portabilityy Wireless data-transfer speeds


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The Key Software Trend:

Object Technology

y Objects

y Reusable software components that model items in the real

world (classes)y Makes software developers more productive

y Object-oriented programs often easier to understand, correctand modify than older types of programs


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Object Technology (Cont.)

y Object technology

y Packaging scheme that helps create meaningful software unitsy Large and highly focused on particular applications areas

y Before appeared, programming languages were focused onactions (verbs) rather than on objects (nouns)y Programmers would program primarily with verbs

y Made program awkward

y We live in a world filled with complex objects and simple actions


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Object Technology (Cont.)

y Object technology (continued)y Object-oriented programming

y Programmers work in manner similar to how they see the worldy More natural processy Significant productivity enhancements

y Procedural programmingy Not particularly reusabley Forces programmers to constantly re-invent the wheel

Wastes time and resources

y Objects (classes)y Software modulesy Kept in librariesy Reusable save time and resources


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Browser Portability

y Browser portability

y Great challengey Great diversity of client browsers in use

y Many different platforms also in use

y Difficult to

y Know capabilities and features of all browsers and platforms inuse

y Find correct mix between absolute portability, complexity and

usability of featuresy The web is populated with many different browsers, which makes

it difficult for authors and web application developers to createuniversal solutions. The W3C is working toward the goal of a

universal client-side platform.


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Enabling Web Technologies

y Via Internet, computers can contact each other

y Public files on computers can be read by remote user

y Enabling technologies:

y HyperText Markup Language (.html)y HTTP - HyperText Transfer Protocol

y URL - Universal Resource Locator - is name of file on a remotecomputer

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Why Has The Internet Grown So Fast

y World Wide Web (WWW) is built on top of theInternet, making sharing of information easier.

y The enabling of Web browser created aninterface to the Web that was easy to use just pointand click instead of remembering text commands.

y

Business needs (E-Commerce)

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The Inherent Trade-offsy Client-side

y No control end user environments vary greatly and then can do what they want toyour markup and codey Security! Security! Security!

y Speedy Responsive interface since no network round-tripy

Off load server from duties it shouldnt need to perform

y Server-sidey Control is yours you choose the technology and approachy The secrets hopefully should be safey Speed and scalability could be a problem as you round-trip all the time and you find

your systems are hung in network wait states all the time

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Not a versus Isssuey You need both Client-side and Server-side, it is just a

question of what makes sense wherey Client-side tends to be good for interface concerns

y Validation, UI, etc.

y Server-side tends to be good for data concernsy Submission and storage of sensitive data in particular

y encouraged to balance between both, depending on the

user needs, internal conditions, developer familiarity orsimply time.

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Web Programming in Context

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Web ProgrammingToolbox

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The Future of the Weby In Weaving the Web, the Web's creator speaks

his mind about his invention: how itevolved, what its untapped potential is,

and what his own personal vision is for itsfuture.

y His vision of the Web is something muchmore than a tool for research or

communication; it is a new way ofthinking and a means to greater freedomand social growth than ever beforepossible.

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Referencesy Deitel, Deitel & Neito: Internet & World Wide Web: How to Program,

Prentice Hall, 4th Edition (lectures notes materials)

y ThomasA. Powell, Dept. of Computer Science &Engineering, UCSD, US, athttp://classes.pint.com//cse135/lectures/lecture1/big.pdf

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Tutorial Questions

1. Write a ONE page report (11Arial pts, Single space) thatdiscusses the evolution of the Internet and WWW.

2. Describe the technologies involved in a web applicationdevelopment.

3. Describe the differences between client side scripting and serverside scripting.

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wret3310_lec 1 introductory

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