Beginning Sunday 21 august 2011 Stockholm Sweden. World Water Week. (Sessions from 21th to 24th)

First conference K23

Integrated flood management Manual on print. Cap-net.org and WMO collaborative program.

Training program focuses on management, measures and tools for decision making people.

Jakarta situation about population,

Nov 2025 sea level rising 2.25 m.

Increasing of flood volumeLot of people in flood area, mostly poor ones.

ZERO Q policy = associated to flood management.

Flood management by building canals to direct water toward other areas. Also reforestation is used to retain water.

Early Warning System in Jakarta. Also « sending flood » is signal sent by distance measure systems outside of Jakarta territories.

Working on coordination team for flood management.

Strategies for Ciliwun river :

– short cut in river curves– low cost housing– resettlements– rehabilitation...– elevation of bridges– facilities use by population for bath– building artificial land over the sea, and toll road

New building of houses are on the same spot because people refuse to move away. Then, living room is built over rooms and water free elevations.

Strategies for the future :

– Key challenges and essential components– Building knowledge base– Network of Universities, institutions and companies– Platform of urban flood managers– Concept for sustainable urban flood management– Expected outputs– Unaccounted population around large cities like Mumbay concerned by flooding– Cultural and spiritual aspects in flooding management

Disaster relief K16/K17

Sri Lanka case legacy disaster response ITT and Mercy Corp.

ITT water equipment company : clean water equipment to be installed on the spot.Emergency response committee managing situation in real time with fast response.Ten field operations in ten countries. Central America, Middle east, Asia.Acting the day after disaster is already too late.Mercy Corp want to act as model. Relationship do work between NGOs and communities.

Partnership for the future :– what situation in the future

Points about water usage :– inefficiencies in water management– Chlorine resistance– INGOs and CBOs standing where governments can not respond to emergencies– Need for competent WASH practitioners– Dense urban situations– Focus on what responses that already works

Local communities to be involved into local Disaster Relief Response, Mercy Corps, IRC– seasonal flooding response– integrating DRR in programs– Build better response– Protect live-hood and diversify economies– Conflict reduction using DRR, China, Tajikistan

Advocate DRR policy at local level, national and international and support Hyogo Framework for Action HFA

Strategies for Local, National and regional partnerships, open field for poor and communities

Private sector best positioned for DRR support with money, material and solutions

Haiti example for DRR

– 1000 IDP camps set-up– survey say they want to go back home– cholera cases, but not big outbreaks– UNICEF and EU surveyed that 97% doesn't have house water connection– Gadyen Dlo is now supported by US NGO for activity (pre earthquake business), chlorine

product is simple use and recommended by WHO increasing demand for this product and need of funds for more production

– Schools reopening and hygienic promotion toward children– Water treatment at home, easy and lost cost 15USD kit with 1USD recharge– Confusion because of free treatments from NGOs coming after earthquake is due to UN

people loss during earthquake. These 17 victims where coordinating body.

Monday 22 Opening session

SIWI director opening the welcoming session about water.

Back on history with aquaduc building in Roma, London experience with black-death. Cholera also comes to the stage with first research from 1866. Also humanitarian field work has interest here.The week is based on discussion, agreements and future collaborations.

Mr Anders Berntell,

presenting the role and opportunities of the conference. SIWI will continue working on water subject internationally for better access to water. Diseases spreading because of bad hygienic situation also need to have program implementation. A large number of people are living in cities, then mayors, ministers are in need of success in managing water sanitation, flooding, and water cycle. The bottom million are people that does not have access to clean water.Water flood and renewable energies were important subjects before 2011's conference and still will be during the water week.Discussions will help making this week interesting and successful.

Humanitarian Aid by Sweden, Minister

Clean water is important factor for better life. Water week is an opportunity for Water actors to collect ideas from younger generation in that matter. Humanitarian action from Sweden has also done work on water solutions.

Sten Nordin, mayor of Stockholm.

« In every country water is important. » Most construction in Sweden are based on water management. Stockholm is built on water, with many islands and bridges.1861 was the first construction of water facility to connect 80 buildings. Health started to improve here in Stockholm. Before water system, Stockholm was not a nice place to be. Now, people can swim and fish in the centre of Stockholm. Good quality of life comes from water management. Environmental concern is not a cost but an investment. Mostly, old people are living in cities. Today we are cleaner and healthier that the previous century. We also use less water daily. Conflicts can araise from lack of water because many communities does not have access to clean water.

Dr Joan Clos, UN Habitat and settlements

Situation for cities is different for Northern and southern countries. Northern towns are reducing city density of population and increasing land permeability. This is creating a problem of larger surface of land occupied by buildings and reducing water possibility to go back into the earth.Streets are the places were we are communicating with others, but we are investing more public capital in improving street network and cable, connections of gas, electricity, sewage, fiber optics than before. Previous main investment was in clean water.

Ms Sheela Patel

In poor areas, people are organising their communities as network with powerful leaders. Cities that can not provide facilities to poor people should be registered and their projects submitted to International organisations. Situations in India is that sometimes people have to face Police forces

to defend their rights to access water facilities and this is leading to conflicts inside the states. Water actors and anybody is welcome to join the movement Shack / Slum Dweller International.

Prof. Steven Carpenter

Phosphorus and nitrogen over-enrichment is based on run-off from agriculture, cities and human waste that are not treated. This leading to development and algeas.Cycle of carbon have been modified, but phosphorus has changed dramatically. According to Robert Paine, cycle of food in lakes is linked to predators life and affects other plants and food web. An idea for lake management is increasing big fish population because it will control smaller fishes. Then, smaller fishes will not eat so much small organisms and does not leave space to algeas because small organism will control algeas.Phosphorus is very heavily over applied in major regions of the world, like North America, Asia and India, also Europe. Peak phosphorus could happen in 30 years and this means that phosphorus could not be absorbed by environment.

Side event about state of land and water resources K22 SOLAW

Parviz Koohafkan, Director, Land and Water division, FAO.

Up-to-date report about water situation. Agriculture in under pressure because of need for food and problem in pollution. 70% more food is needed and then will increase agriculture rôle. Agriculture and food security may communicate together. Food and agriculture report is here to open discussion on the subject.Based in ROMA, FAO did not have recent report about state of land and water resources. Then there was a need of knowing real situation. Land availability is higher in developed countries and land quality is better. Europe, North America have good lands and large surface.+12% cultivated surface, +117 irrigated land +200% food production.Scarcity of water is not every-where, there are spots. Physical scarcity, economic water scarcity (not funds but water) water that does not meet health quality for humans.Managing systems at risk : a lot of ground water have been jeopardized because of pollution with pesticides and fertilizers, production or limit of sustainability.Question is how to improve small farmers production with low cost and locally available technologies.Beef, cereals and fruits need water for production, but fruits and cereals need ten times less than meat.Food security with resource management. Investing in land will help reducing poverty. Investing in agriculture is not only in food production but also in social service and side activities of the sector.7 to 9 September FAO ROMA head-quarter GLOBAL SOIL PARTNERSHIP project.Goals : technical assistance, efficiency to be improved, planning of ground use, ecosystem approach and payment for environmental services...Around agriculture development are other activities like tourism, this might not have negative effect because farmers can find opportunities to sell their products to tourists. Sometimes it is better economic solution than going to market. Also land is used for green gas; non food items and food for animals. The main concern in land use if migration from rural cities toward main towns. In china more than 500 millions people are currently living in cities, they might be 1 billion soon and will move to towns. This have a huge effect on water needs, electricity net, sewage and other services to be set-up.Land management is included in good governance, but members states did not include water because of frontiers issue in that matter. Traditional right to land is also included in negotiations

with governments about investment into land management financing.Current use of water is a virtual canal of 7 millions km long, 100 meters wide and 10 meters deep. The future need for increasing food production is 5 millions more km. The loss in water network and agriculture pollution means that it can be improve, it does not mean that farmers are wasting water because it is free.

Tuesday 23

Focus on Africa K2 Full day meeting

African focus attendance have raised in quality and number of participants. AMCOW is African Ministers Cooperation On Water. Based in Nigeria, Federal Ministry of Water resources PMB 159, AMCOW secretariat, 11 TY Danjuma Street, Asoko, Abuja, Nigeria, http://amcow-online.net Also african music and drums will be present because Africa without dance and drums would not be Africa.

Water and Climate Change: issues arising in UNFCCC climate change negotiations by Tosi Mpanu Mpanu DRC. Making short review about Cancun decisions linked to water and goals for discussions over water issues. NWP Nairobi Work Program limit for defining agenda is 15 September 2011. Water should be raised in Durban agenda as prominent issue.

Alex Simalabwi: raising issues about negotiations about water. African negotiations about water persons not present (or invited). Alex Simalabwi is asking that water becomes a major subject in negotiations instead of being marginalized. Moving toward COP17 it may be possible to strengthen water issues. AMCOW might help negotiators by providing experts on water. This might simplify water discussions for Ministers.

Mike Young, water in green economy. “Greening the water dimensions of African economies”

– how you invest into economy: benefit of good management and hight cost of poor management.

– water investment and protection of environment.– Definitions of rights for users– Recognition of ecosystem services– Management of water supply and treatments– removal of perverse effect of rules

Water is still undelivered to poor and does not help in term of diseases. Cost for individual is high when buying daily water. Increasing water demand in the world is a future massive water scarcity. Strict governance in water management of clean and safe catchments. Dams offer easier opportunities for the transition toward good reforms. Accelerated investment should be directed toward water dependant ecosystems. Africa lack storage and sanitation. When management and governance are coupled, they offer a better efficiency. Reform needs to be at governance, entitlement (for equality of water supply) and allocation system levels. Security, hydrology, return flows and ground-surface interaction are important issues at ecosystem level.

Report on UNEP green economy/water.

Dick Van Ginhoven, Improving Aid effectiveness for Water and Sanitation in Africa.WIAWG EU Water Initiative Africa Working Group.

Water management and water sanitation: report about work of this group.

EU Aid toward water have doubled from about USD 500 million in 2005 to USD 950 millions in 2009. 59% of all reported Aid in WASH comes from EU and member states. 60% of EU Aid concerning water goes to Africa.The improvement that should come is linking sector aid to real needs, but it is currently more linked to political issues. EU water aid show that some countries receive less than other, or nothing.

Also improvement should be in term of fragmentation of Aid, taking account of additional costs of organising meetings, better use of cooperation links wit donor countries.

African countries can improve responsibility assignment in water sector. There is a need of increasing funding toward water and sanitation sector in Africa. Aid effectiveness and efficiency could improve.

Robert Gakubia, “Responding to the urban challenge by improving water and sanitation services for the poor.”

Urban poor are the worst off and the most vulnerable. Quality of water can be poor & overpriced. Water reform creates enabling environment: By profesionalization, Strong pro-poor orientation and Regulation for service in line with Human Rights.Water action groups help consumers to speak-up towards companies. It helps them in demands toward companies and also raise their knowledge in Human Rights.

Water Action Group Pilots help to learn about consumers attitude and needs regarding water. Several types of follow-up can bring results of water service complaints from consumers. There are several Successes and Challenges in term of enhancement, support, stop in illegal connections, corruption...

Lessons from WAG: consumers involvement, low income areas efforts, need for training and supervision, improvement of WAG supervision.

Mose Kwery, manager of Water in Mombassa. Kenya.

Scientists declare that Kilimanjaro glacier may disappear. The work for adaptation to Climate change work is done toward communication with consumers by forums and improving water equipments like water retailers and reduction of water. Responses by water bladders could provide poor with water during crisis. Losses of water are reduced by people's participation.

Philipp Peters, adviser on water in Mombassa.

New constitution does not allow only reports, but also acting toward better situation.

Collaborative pathways for water secure future K23

It is a collaboration between several countries around water ressources. Starting with Jordan, India and Mexico, the group as now Mongolia and South Africa in membership among other private partners.How water future security comes up into Water Week Conference ?

Opening by Usha Rao-Monari

Mexican representative, Marco AntonioVelazquez Holguin

Water agenda in Mexico 2030. Different changes will be engaged at appropriate moment in order to reach goals by 2030. Demand will increase by 2030, then measures must come slowly to cover this variation. Better efficiency and technology for water management in localities. Agriculture may help to cover the gap by 61% because of better use of water.

National water management will be improved by initiatives. Wide improvement of situation around water use and water threats like flooding. Water needs are linked to National growth. Final solutions might be coming from shared reflections.

Jordan representative, Ali

275 millions cubic meter consumption per year, available less than 750 millions, 1.5 billions cubic meters of demand.From 60 to 100 litters available per person/day. Less rain fall in Jordan. Projects are, one part agreed for commitment of Government of Jordan and others more risky because of simple proposals.

USAID representative, Mr Rhodes

Jordan have a good water management so far. But water springs are disappearing every year. Less agriculture better water management. Ministry is asked how much water they need and USAID partnership will help to define how much it will cost and where it could come from.

Ministry of water, South Africa, Mr Trever-Balzer

South Africa is a country with scarcity of water, but not as much as Jordan. Not much rain falls. Climate change could have good effect in term of modifying locally the weather and water availability. 62% of water goes to Agriculture. Around 27% to human consumption. 3% to deforestation.The limit has been reached on fresh water, flooding and droughts at the same time. Agriculture have to repair damages from flooding that will be broken by next flooding. On part of the country is facing drought, while the other is flooded. Desalination is possible close to the sea but still costly solution. Recycling waste water is also possible at industrial use and even drinkable water standards. The aim is to get private sector partners involved in water mix.

Pepsi Co, Mr Bena

Pepsi Co has a role because of being a big beverage company. Pepsi Co is an agriculture company has 20% of raw materials comes from agriculture. Crops comes from commercial farmers and small farmers from developing countries. Food products are supposed to raise from 35% to more. Progress is about efficiency in water use. Industry can not do everything alone, neither NGOs or governments could.

Coca Cola, Mr Koch

Role of private company in Water Resources Group. This company serve local consumers because water is too heavy to prepare beverage in different country than where it is sold. Competition between Coca and Pepsi is not about water resources but participating to water reflection.

Nestlé, Mr Oberhaensli

Water shortage would occur by 2025 2030 and then stop business in beverage companies. Water is local and asking to small users would not face good attention because they have many other problems to cop with. The best strategy would be proposing a relevant and adapted solution.

GTZ, Mr Winfried Zarges

Joining hands is like using two oxen for agriculture fields. The playing field is not empty and among team actually playing each one have to show what advantage he is providing to others.When looking at National policies you can have impression that it is almost perfect because it was written by consultant. The same consultant may have written the same policy in another country.

Wednesday 24

Focus Latin America & The Caribbean

Water management in cities, innovative ways to water share in communities, corporate governance, water demand in cities.

Abel Mejìa, Banco mundial.

Water in urban cities.

Urban water and myths of plenty of water, service of water. Urbanization is progress and development and it is changing water cycle. In Latin America y Caribbean population will increase of 100 millions by 2030. Growth and urban share are linked. Agglomeration of economies is leading cities in growing.

Hot spots are based on water cycle en Ecuador, golfo de Mexico, pacific coast de Mexico, sur de Brazil y Argentina.

Water services for agriculture and urban population are using water resources. The use of water in large countries is a major importance due to industrialization.

Latin America has a lot of water compared to the world situation. But the territories are dry and some regions does not give access to sufficient water volume. It is due to seasons changes in rain and flooding. The problem in Latin America is that population is not living in zones where is located water, this is the case for several countries.

Disastrous situation in the theme of water contamination with no more than 36% of recycling water system in Mexico. These data are leading to bad health situation and also disasters and land degradation cost millions. Fresh water needs to be produce by treatment and population is facing cost in buying daily water. A ratio of consumption and cost of water shows LAC a main concern in term of water access for population. Slums are places where is located difficulties with cost of water, violence and drug trafficking.

Even if water is present everywhere in LAC, many cities are facing water scarcity and this is leading to a need of reforms, actions for treatment and monitoring. There is a strong participation in water issues from populations and NGOs. 25% of the population in LAC are living in slums. For some countries participation of private sector is showing good results. Flooding is another problem with consequences in diseases and morbidity. Only Brazil and Mexico have Water System Management.

The problem of 'clientelismo' still exists and many people still out of water distribution because politics are choosing what company will provide what groups of citizens.

The next 20 years will be an opportunity for LAC to radically change water management within the territories.

Fernando VEIGA, AGUA somos cooperation.

It is a partnership between public and private sector about conservation of water sources providing cities. Technical advisors, secretariat and Natural patrimony.

Objectives are linked with nature preservation concerning ecosystems and resources. Campaigns are organized for awareness and fund raising. Communication is organized through free press for better outreach. Also project are restoration, rehabilitation and preservation of Nature.

Environment is organized with regulations coming from government of Columbia like Natural parks, Natural zones for protection.

Xavier VIDAL, Water and drainage in Quito Ecuador.

Situation of Quito makes special case because of altitude and volcanoes. The valley has about 1,5 million inhabitants in urban area and half million in rural settlements. The long territory of Quito district is leading to difficulties for water services. The company EPMAPS Empresa Publica Metropolitana de Agua Potable y Saneamiento de Quito.

Pinchicha Hillside area has 35 quebradas (creeks) where waste and water management have to be organised. Small green areas inside settlements are not clean and people may suffer of it. The development of housing have covered old natural and agriculture areas.

Projects are linked to structures, landscape and environmental restoration with participation of communities. One of the first project that include people's though on environment situation.

Also relocation of families or reconstruction of their home is participating to a better environment in term of health, education, housing and water supply. Pichincha-Atacazo hillside management is created in order to avoid facing similar problems than current living areas.

Ger BERGKAMP, World Water Council.

Latin America and Caribbean is facing a movement of population going from rural areas to settle down around cities. 8000 people are arriving daily in slums or towns that are already over crowded and facing difficulties in water management.

Adriana Nelly Correa, Universidad Technologico de Monterrey.

Political questions and environmental issues in providing water and water treatment for cities of Latin America y Caribbean. There are different ways of organising water management depending to witch country you are looking at. Everything is part of the same system. Then, it is important to consider the global situation on water for water resource management at Continent level.

Carlos Manuel Rodriguez, Minister of Costa Rica.

It is important to have feet on the ground. The need of water is only starting and the middle class

population in Latin America and Caribbean will grow with similar wishes of water consumption as European people.Albert Einstein: We can solve the futur problem when it causes real troubles.We have destroyed water resources, we need to improve water effort in restoring clean water even if we have created the trouble. Some technical units are only looking at water like production assets. The use of water should change with time and that would help to solve the problem with ministries and water agencies. Water is still a free resources of industry without link to Nature protection, and probably no Latin cities have water source coming from other catchment than Natural areas. The market has influence on Natural area location because needs of resources has always been filled by ecosystems. Then, scarcity of resources would not be resolved without effort on treatment, recycling, and water management.

John REYNOLDS, Reynolds international.

Glaciers melting.

Graphic about glaciers in Latin America. Glaciers are not only thin or melting but disintegrating. In particular in south Chile and Patagonia. These melting effect are creating flooding with waves of 2.5 meters 200 km the source. Around open mines roads are simply disappearing or showing cracks. In Peru, a melting glacier is threatening to fall into the Hualcan lake. 5000 people were at risk but were protected by rocky wall.

Maya A. TROTZ University of South Florida. Guyana native.

Sea level rise.

Life now, Our future, interconnectedness, opportunities.

Loss of land is visible on the coast. Flooding is putting GDP at trouble. Disease coming from warming like dengue and malaria. Increase of run-off, change in rain fall. Food supply affected by flooding. Waste system contaminating fresh water. Salt water inside fresh sources because of coastal penetration. Guyana is under sea level. Hotels might be relocated and rebuilt. Regional collaboration can lead to long term solutions. Downscaling models can help adaptation to region level. In Belize, a city and new is 50 miles away from the coast.New house management can help saving energy and fluids.

In Florida, effort is made on education about sea rise. To work at community level with University research.How to develop the capacity to deal with Climate Change issues.

Marcial SOLIS PAZ, Rain water in dry regions of Honduras.

NGO for best use of natural resources.Corredor seco de Honduras. A dry zone of Honduras. From green land it became dry, but farmers still think that it will rain in popular day 13 of May. Would non sense to make effort because there no more water. The local Culture is a main concern added to rain loss.Because of 'El Niño' and 'La Niña'. Consequences are temperature increase of 14 to 30%.

Installation of small rain water tanks had failed one time, but by installing them in 20 schools it was possible to educate children and make parents confident. Later, 200 tanks were installed in families.

Mario LOPEZ, Technologico de Monterey.

Rain falls due to hurricanes were flooding Monterrey bridge and highway. Amount of water was double that previous hurricanes. It was the same situation than 1909. Then, the response to Climate Change must adaptation and relevant solution. It is important to avoid wrong adaptation.

Eugenio BARRIOS WWF CONAGUA.

New water management in Mexico. San Pedro Mezquital (northern cities) and Colipa (Southern cities). Identification of water resources, availability, dams, irrigation, density of population, aquifers, restrictions.

Water reserves in Mexico: on the coast and center, baja California.Program of National Water Reserve in Mexico to be presented soon.

Please do not keep after reading, give it to another reader.

Dominique Deschamps

reporter@orange.fr

http://slideshare.net/reporter

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Thursday 25

New paradigm shift: new technologies and new life styles.

Maria KENNEDY, Water scarcity / desalination technology

Several maps shows desalination installations in the world, the mostly used technology is membrane based desalination. Countries that have been listed in water scarce situation have already taken measures. But, other countries wich may become water scarce have not started to react with new technologies or programs. Algeria is the country that have more increased is use of desalination.

Is desalination a solution for developing countries ?It does not rely on river flow and it seems to be able to handle situations for no drought.India, China, Algeria.China has adopted a strategy to use desalination water for Industry instead of using drinkable ground water.

Concentrate discharge, marine pollution, sea water intake, chemical use, material, land, Energy use and CO2 emissions are the main concern around desalination plants use.

Energy can be provided by local power station based on gas, or coming from electric grid.Newly installed desalination plant are compensate with wind power or other renewable energies. It is only renewable energy compensation, the main power used is normal grid electricity. Only some small renewable energy production are used is desalination plants.

Sustainable solutions are technically feasible for desalination plants. In term of treatment of run off, recycling materials, land use can be compensate. Chlorine must be treated.

Sydney example: Treatments, environment studies, conservation, and other measures in sustainable spirit.

Desalination is a very good solution due to lower energy consumption than thermal technology. It can be turn to an efficient way of providing water to water scarce countries.Wasted water collection can be treated and is needs less energy because has much less material to be removed from it compared to sea water.

Choong-Hyun KIM, desalination technology.

Due to the shocking situation of subsaharian countries, Choong-Hyun has think about a solution for poor people. USA has already tried to use desalination but failed with pressure problem due to high level of residual in salted water. The use of mid salted water in sea/ground frontier helped a bit, but not reliable solution.

Capital and energy needed for desalination process is an environmental disavantage.

Prototype is made for small scale use. It is made with panels helping seawater to boil and beginning the process. No use of fuel, chemicals.Application would be in agriculture, remote area, islands and modules can be added for better production.

What amount of water can be produced ? Prototype could not be tested yet in Cuba. More than 30 litters a day.

Jules VAN LIER, re-treatment of urban water.

It is less power consuming than desalination of seawater.

Sewer mining treatment is a project combining three technologies, water extract, organic treatment and re-concentration of high quality water.

Chris Jefferies, urban water management SWIFT University Dundee

Manual to be downloaded at http://www.switchurbanwater.eu/