World War IA Bloody Conflict

“The deadliest weapon in the world is a Marine and his rifle!” – John L. Pershing

Part 1: Combat in WWI

Entering No Man’s Land •Early offensives were a sign warfare

changed•Western Front

▫Trenches▫Space between opposing trenches▫Artillery Barrages▫Bayonets and Grenades

" Retreat hell. We just got here." - USMC Capt. Marine Brigade of the 2nd Infantry Division France 1918.

New Technology

•Use of gases▫Caused vomiting, blindness, and

suffocation ▫Use of gas masks

•Use of tanks▫Very few used

•Airplanes▫Small bombs, machine guns

Trench Warfare Video

•http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SXtsiqrhqsU

Part 2: Americans and Victory

War at the Sea

•British fighting German submarines•Merchant ships

▫Convoy▫Warship protection

Russia Leaves the War

•March 1917 riots•Food shortages•Competition for leadership•Vladimir Lenin

▫Pulling out of the war▫Treaty of Brest-Litovsk▫Loss of Territory

German Offensive Falters

•March 21, 1918▫German massive attack

•May 31▫Block of German drive on Paris

•July 15▫German attack falters ▫Americans/French hold Paris

Argonne Forest

•Ferdinand Foch•General Pershing

▫600,000 American Troops▫40,000 tons of supplies▫4,000 artillery pieces

•American victory

War Ends

•Surrender upon the Western Front•November 9th, 1918

▫German emperor steps down•Armistice

Part 3: A Flawed Peace

Peace?

•January 1919▫Peace Conference ▫“Big Four”▫Germany?

•Wilson’s Fourteen Point Plan•Fourteenth Point

▫League of Nations

Treaty of Versailles

•Allies criticize Fourteen Point Plan•June 28, 1919

▫Treaty of Versailles Weakened many of Wilson’s Proposals Reparations

▫Dissolution of four empires

Rejection of the Treaty

•Opposition by U.S. lawmakers •“The Irreconcilables”•Wilson’s Health•Separate Peace Treaties

WWI Veteran

•http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=65sq5klbzrw

Assignment

•Please do the “Checking For Understanding” on page 469▫Numbers 1-3

•On the back▫List the names of the Central Powers▫List the names of the Allies▫List the names of at least 5 neutral

countries