World War I

MonarchsEmpiresNationalismImperialismEmpiresAlliancesTechnologyFamilyThey all played their rule

Why?

MonarchsEurope still ruled by

kingsSome constitutional

EnglandGermany

Others like oldAustro-HungarianRussiaOttoman

NationalismSince of national

prideWanting to see

nation excelWant to see it do

better than other nations

LoyaltyEnsure Strength

ImperialismEuropean nations

acquired coloniesOpened new

marketsWealth of resourcesWorld wide pride

Spread of nationalistic ideas

Spread of nationalistic importance

EmpiresEuropean nations

had acquiring large empiresNeed for protectionNeed $ to maintain

Ever IncreasingStaying ahead of the

competition

Alliance SystemEuropean power

agreementsIf one is attacked,

its an attack on bothCemented

supportedCemented potential

for war

Alliance System Con’t

Alliance System Con’t

Alliance System Con’tAllied Powers

Great BritainFranceRussiaItaly

Joins laterCentral Powers

GermanyAustro-Hungarian

EmpireOttoman Empire

TechnologyNew military

technologiesAir planesTanksTrench WarfareMachine gunsPoisonous GasSubmarines

Naval Race: 1906-1914Dreadnoughts

Great Britain: 29

Germany : 17 Dreadnought

CruisersGreat Britain: 9Germany: 7    

“Big Bertha” German Gun16.5” CalibreRange:

Effective: 7.7 milesLater model: 75

milesShell weight: 1763

lbsCrew 285 menRate of Fire: 8 per

hourFunny Note: Named

after maker’s wife!!!

FamilyThe Grandchildren of

Queen Victoria of EnglandGeorge V: EnglandKaiser Wilhelm: GermanyCzar Nicholas II: Russia

All first cousinsAll in control of massive

empires in competitionFunny note: Alexandra

(Czar’s wife) was also grandchild of Victoria and his 1st cousin!!!

The SparkArchduke Franz

FerdinandHeir to A-H EmpireVisits Sarajevo,

Bosnia & Herzegovina

Country in the midst of independent movementTerrorist group:

Black HandFerdinand and Wife

assassinated

War!!!Russia supports SerbiaA-H declares war on SerbiaRussia declares war on A-HGermany allied with A-H

Declare war on RussiaFrance allied with Russia

Declares war on GermanyGermany Declares war on

FranceBritain allied with France

Declares War on GermanyJuly 30, 1914 War is

declared

National PushAll across Europe

men join the militaryNationalism on

CRACK!!!War expected to end

by Christmas!

The War: Eastern FrontGermany/AH push

towards RussiaWar becomes brutal

Russia suffering economically

Politically faulteringPeople grow tired of

the war1917 will change

course of war

The War: Western FrontGermany

Makes quick advancements

Push miles from Paris

British and French push back

StalemateBelgium

Trench WarTrenches form along

western frontBrutalDiseasesRatsLiceWater

Trench footDeath

Largest area acquired was 500 yards in 2 ½ years

Going Over the Wall

No Man’s Land

Gas Attack

No Man’s Land Today

Tide Turns: Germany’s FavorRussian Revolution

1917Lead by Vladimir

LeninCommunist

overthrow CzarFamily will be killed

Immediate truce with GermanyEastern Front EndsNow all focus on

Western Front

Tide Turns: Against GermanyUS remains “Neutral”

Out of warChanges

HMS LusitaniaSunk May, 1915139 Americans killed

Zimmerman TelegramGermany & Mexico

Unrestricted Submarine Warfare

April 6, 1918America declares war on

Germany

End of WarAmerica’s entry turns

tideFresh, arrogant, and

ignorant troopsNov.11, 1918 ArmisticeTreaty of Versailles

War endsWilson’s 14 Points

League of NationsUS does not join

Peaceful endIgnored by European

Powers

Aftermath of the War USA

Wilson fails and dies Allies

Ignore warnings Russia

Communist controlled Germany

Must admit blame for war Pay reparations: $33 billion Give up land /No Army Economy and politics fall

apart Rise of a New Nationalist

Movement: National Socialists 22 million killed