World War IWorld War I

1914 – 1918 (1919)1914 – 1918 (1919)

Essential QuestionsEssential Questions

How did new technology in WWI influence How did new technology in WWI influence warfare?warfare?

How did a need for power and control help How did a need for power and control help influence and start WWI?influence and start WWI?

How did interdependency (alliances) help How did interdependency (alliances) help lead to world conflict?lead to world conflict?

BackgroundBackground

Europe has been at Europe has been at peace for 30 years peace for 30 years into 1900sinto 1900s

Whole generation that Whole generation that does not know the does not know the “reality” of War“reality” of War

Long Term CausesLong Term Causes

1. Nationalism1. Nationalism Deep feelings for own Deep feelings for own

countrycountry Countries as rivalsCountries as rivals

Reasons for Rivalries (Nationalism)Reasons for Rivalries (Nationalism)

Competition for resourcesCompetition for resources Germany challenging Germany challenging

England’s Industrial England’s Industrial powerpower

France wants Alsace-France wants Alsace-Lorraine back from Lorraine back from GermanyGermany

Austria-Hungary and Austria-Hungary and Russia fight over Balkan Russia fight over Balkan region (who want region (who want independence)independence)

Long term causesLong term causes

2. Imperialism2. Imperialism Competing for coloniesCompeting for colonies Dominating a weaker Dominating a weaker

territory either territory either politically, politically, economically, and/or economically, and/or sociallysocially

Long term CausesLong term Causes

3. Militarism3. Militarism Glorifying military Glorifying military

power and keeping power and keeping standing army (always standing army (always ready for war)ready for war)

England is only county England is only county in Europe without one in Europe without one at beginning of warat beginning of war

Kaiser Wilhelm II Kaiser Wilhelm II (Germany)(Germany)

Long Term CausesLong Term Causes

4. Alliances4. Alliances Meant to keep peace, Meant to keep peace,

but leads to World but leads to World WarWar

AlliancesAlliances

Triple AllianceTriple Alliance Germany, Austria-Germany, Austria-

Hungary, ItalyHungary, Italy Formed to keep France Formed to keep France

from getting too from getting too powerfulpowerful

Germany breaks treaty Germany breaks treaty with Russiawith Russia

Russia aligns with Russia aligns with FranceFrance

Wilhelm tries to build Wilhelm tries to build navynavy

England scared and England scared and joins alliancejoins alliance

AlliancesAlliances

Triple EntenteTriple Entente France, England, France, England,

RussiaRussia

Immediate CauseImmediate Cause

““Powder Keg” of Powder Keg” of EuropeEurope The BalkansThe Balkans

Russia and Austria fight Russia and Austria fight over territoryover territory

Austria takes Bosnia-Austria takes Bosnia-Herzegovina and Herzegovina and SerbiaSerbia

Immediate Cause (1914)Immediate Cause (1914)

Archduke Franz Archduke Franz Ferdinand (of Austria) Ferdinand (of Austria) tours Sarajevotours Sarajevo

Shot and killed by Shot and killed by Serbian Gavrilo Princip Serbian Gavrilo Princip (Black Hand)(Black Hand)

Austria takes it as a sign Austria takes it as a sign of Serbian aggressionof Serbian aggression

Germany encourages Germany encourages Austria to declare war on Austria to declare war on Serbia (promises to help)Serbia (promises to help)

Austria’s UltimatumAustria’s Ultimatum

To SerbiaTo Serbia No more anti-Austrian No more anti-Austrian

activity and other activity and other types of harsh types of harsh demandsdemands

Serbia agrees with Serbia agrees with somesome

Austria declares war Austria declares war anywayanyway

Russia backs up Russia backs up SerbiaSerbia

War beginsWar begins

Powder Keg is lit with Powder Keg is lit with the assassinationthe assassination

Alliance system falls Alliance system falls apart (new ones form)apart (new ones form)

World War I becomes World War I becomes largest war everlargest war ever