World War IWorld War I

1914-19181914-1918

causes of World War Icauses of World War I Underlying causes (the Underlying causes (the

“fuel”):“fuel”): nationalismnationalism imperialismimperialism militarismmilitarism Alliance SystemAlliance System

Immediate cause (the Immediate cause (the “spark”):“spark”): assassination of Franz assassination of Franz

Ferdinand (1914)Ferdinand (1914) archduke of Austria-archduke of Austria-

HungaryHungary set off a chain reaction set off a chain reaction

because of the Alliance because of the Alliance SystemSystem

Central PowersCentral Powers

GermanyGermany Austria-HungaryAustria-Hungary Ottoman Empire (Turkey)Ottoman Empire (Turkey)

Allies (World War I)Allies (World War I) BritainBritain FranceFrance RussiaRussia ItalyItaly

(switched (switched from Central from Central Powers in Powers in 1915)1915)

United States United States (joined the (joined the

war in 1917war in 1917))

World War I technologyWorld War I technology devastating weapons were devastating weapons were

developed as a result of developed as a result of the Industrial Revolution:the Industrial Revolution: machine gunmachine gun heavy artilleryheavy artillery mortarmortar chemicals (poison gas)chemicals (poison gas) flame throwerflame thrower grenadegrenade tanktank zeppelinzeppelin airplaneairplane submarinesubmarine torpedotorpedo

trench warfaretrench warfare

warfare where each warfare where each side sets up fortified side sets up fortified trenches that are trenches that are parallel to one parallel to one anotheranother

used extensively used extensively during World War Iduring World War I

caused a stalemate caused a stalemate which resulted in which resulted in millions of millions of casualtiescasualties

Russian RevolutionRussian Revolution time period when the time period when the

Bolsheviks Bolsheviks (communists) (communists) overthrew the overthrew the government of the government of the czar (emperor) in czar (emperor) in 19171917

led by Vladimir Leninled by Vladimir Lenin Russia became the Russia became the

Soviet Union (USSR)Soviet Union (USSR) Russia dropped out Russia dropped out

of World War Iof World War I

reasons the U.S. entered reasons the U.S. entered World War IWorld War I British British

propagandapropaganda LusitaniaLusitania Zimmerman Zimmerman

TelegramTelegram Russian Russian

RevolutionRevolution eliminated the eliminated the

Eastern FrontEastern Front unrestricted unrestricted

submarine submarine warfarewarfare

World War I casualtiesWorld War I casualties soldiers:soldiers:

8 million dead8 million dead 20 million wounded20 million wounded called the “Lost called the “Lost

Generation”Generation” civilians:civilians:

12 million dead12 million dead

Woodrow Wilson (1856-Woodrow Wilson (1856-1924)1924) U.S. president U.S. president

during World during World War IWar I

proposed ideas proposed ideas for lasting peace for lasting peace including the including the League of League of NationsNations

officially ended officially ended World War IWorld War I

severely punished severely punished Germany:Germany: had to accept had to accept

fault for the fault for the warwar

lost territorylost territory reparationsreparations

$33 billion $33 billion to the Alliesto the Allies

about about $400 $400 billion billion todaytoday

Treaty of VersaillesTreaty of Versailles

Treaty of VersaillesTreaty of Versailles officially ended officially ended

World War IWorld War I severely punished severely punished

Germany:Germany: had to accept had to accept

fault for the warfault for the war lost territorylost territory reparationsreparations

$33 billion to $33 billion to the Alliesthe Allies

about $400 about $400 billion billion todaytoday

created new created new nationsnations

a major cause of a major cause of World War IIWorld War II

League of NationsLeague of Nations international international

peacekeeping peacekeeping organizationorganization

the only of the only of Wilson’s ideas Wilson’s ideas adopted by the adopted by the Treaty of Treaty of VersaillesVersailles

U.S. Congress U.S. Congress refused to join refused to join and adopted a and adopted a policy of policy of isolationismisolationism made the made the

league weakleague weak

Vocabulary Assignment

Get into groups of two Define all 18 vocabulary words Draw two well detailed pictures

(label) Two papers for each group

Make 8 cuts on one side Create the flash cards Draw on back

Vocab AssignmentVocab Assignment Nationalism Militarism Alliance system Unification of

Germany Trench warfare WWI weapons Zimmerman

telegram Isolationism Stalemate

Unrestricted submarine warfare

Propaganda Two-front war Russian Revolution Lenin Communism Treaty of Versailles League of Nations Reparations