world map (physical features). se asia / pacific
TRANSCRIPT
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World Map (Physical Features)
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SE Asia / Pacific
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Indonesia
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Indonesia (Active Volcanoes)
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Indonesian Music Examples
• Example 1
• Example 2
• Example 3
• Example 4
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Paris World’s Fair (1889)
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Paris World’s Fair(main promenade)
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Indonesian Dancers
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Dutch Exhibition at1889 Paris World’s Fair
From a Dutch magazine describing the “colonial exhibition” at the Paris World’s Fair (1889).
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Gamelan(1889 Paris World’s Fair)
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Columbian Exposition(Chicago, 1893)
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Java Village (“Dutch Settlement”)at Columbian Exposition
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Chicago Gamelan
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Gamelan Instruments
• Struck Idiophones (majority / most important)- gongs- metalophones- xylophones
• Membranophone (a few)
• Chordophone (even fewer)
• Aerophone (even fewer)
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Gamelan in Action
• See Gamelan: Instruments of the Gamelan for a “map” of the Gamelan and an interactive description of the instruments
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Three Basic Layers
• Balungen = “Nuclear Melody” – the basic “tune” (played one pitch per beat) [“skeletal melody” in textbook]
• “Colotomic Structure” = “metrical structure” of Balungen (marked at end by largest gong)
• “Elaboration” = fastest moving upper parts, division of the Baungen into smaller units
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Gong ageng (largest suspended)
Ex: YouTube - Central Javanese Gamelan Playing Techniques - Gong & Kempul
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Kenong (largest cradled gong)
Ex: YouTube - Central Javanese Gamelan Playing Techniques – Kenong
(start 1:45)
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Kempul (smaller suspended)
Ex: YouTube - Central Javanese Gamelan Playing Techniques - Gong & Kempul
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Ketuk (small cradled gong)
Ex: YouTube - Gamelan - Kempyang & Ketuk
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Nuclear Melody(Sarons & Slentem)
SlentemYouTube - Central Javanese Gamelan Playing Techniques - Saron
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Elaboration
Bonang Gambang (wooden bars)Ex: YouTube - Gamelan - Gambang
Gender Barung (lower pitch) Gender Panerus (higher pitch)
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TUNINGS & SCALES
• SLENDRO (front) = 5 notes (pentatonic)
C D E G A(or use piano black keys)
• PELOG (side) = 7 notes (sounds “minor”)
E F G Bb B C D
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Colotomic Structure of BUBARAN
1 2 3 4
5 6 7 8
9 10 11 12
13 14 15 16
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Gong ageng marks “Gongan”
1 2 3 4
5 6 7 8
9 10 11 12
13 14 15 GONG
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kenong marks “kenongan”
1 2 3 Kenong
5 6 7 Kenong
9 10 11 Kenong
13 14 15 GONGKenong
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Kempul divides “Gatra”
1 Kempul 3 Kenong
5 Kempul 7 Kenong
9 Kempul 11 Kenong
13 Kempul 15 GONGKenong
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Ketuk punctuates odd beats
Ketuk Kempul Ketuk Kenong
Ketuk Kempul Ketuk Kenong
Ketuk Kempul Ketuk Kenong
Ketuk Kempul Ketuk GONGKenong
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BUBARAN (you perform)
“tuk” (silent) “tuk” “nong”
“tuk” “pul” “tuk” “nong”
“tuk” “pul” “tuk” “nong”
“tuk” “pul” “tuk” “GONG”“nong”
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Making Gamelan Instruments
• YouTube - the making of gamelan
• YouTube - Rhythm of the Gamelan Makers.part1
• YouTube - Rhythm of the Gamelan Makers.part2
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Uses of the Gamelan• Associated w/ Royalty (private performance)
JVC 9-1 (Bali) , JVC 10-3 (Java)• Accompanies Dance
JVC 9-2 (Bali) – Pendet (welcome dance)JVC 9-3 (Bali) – Baris (Warrior Dance) [Wayang orang = Dance Drama]
• Accompanies Puppet Plays – Wayang kulitJVC 10-2 – Wedding (10 hr performance)
• Tourism (stylized performances)Ex. – Kecak (voice gamelan)JVC 10-1 (Bali) – Ramayana Epic (YouTube - Kecak Dance in Bali)
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Wayang Kulit“Shadow Puppet Theater”
• YouTube - Wayang kulit excerpt 1• YouTube - Wayang kulit excerpt 2• YouTube - perang gagal (behind the scene)• YouTube - perang kembang (behind the scene)• YouTube - WAYANG KULIT “GORO-GORO” KI.
ANOM SUROTO 1 OF 11 (additional multiple parts available on YouTube)
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Indonesian Dance w/ Gamelan“Gamelan Gong Kebyar”
• YouTube - Gamelan Cudamani
• YouTube - Tari Kebyar Duduk
Indonesian “voice gamelan”“Kecak” (for tourists)
•YouTube - Kecak Dance at Uluwatu Temple, Bali Part 1
•YouTube - Kecak Dance in Bali
•YouTube - Tari Kecak Bali 1