WORLD ISSUES:Development in

Africa

ESSAY 1:Factor X affects African development

more than any other. Discuss.

Factors Affecting African Development:

SOCIAL

POLITICAL

ECONOMIC

Health

Education

Food And Water

Shortages

Poor Governance

WAR & Conflict

DEBT Trade Terms & Cash Crops

VARYING TRADEFactor 7:Unfair Trade Terms Hinders Africa Development

• Being rich in national resources Africa should be a prosperous continent with many products available to trade and sell to the rest of the world

• E.G. oil reserves; coffee; cocoa; cotton & fruits however this is not the case…

• Trade varies greatly from country to country• Sudan – oil reserves & Malawi – growing cash crops e.g.

crops grown for cash rather than food• Growing these cash crops means food is not grown for the

purpose of the African population• As well as consuming valuable water• 40% of farmers working in the cash crop industry• It is important to remember that half of all food shipped has

rotted by the time it had hit the market place – this is caused by weak infrastructure with the transportation of goods

• The situation remains that Africa exports food all over the world while thousand of African die every day of starvation

CONDITIONS OF LOANS

Factor 7:Unfair Trade Terms Africa Development

• There are usually conditions of receiving a development loan from the IMF or World Bank

• Usually the requirement of growing specific crops to sell on the open market for profit (cash crops) but there are drawbacks to this…

• Heavy reliance on one/two cash crops is not sensible as it creates a single primary export

• For example – Zambia gets 70% of its income from copper, this means they are affected by fluctuating prices in the market & poor harvests

• If Africa could earn more through trade, countries would be able to rely less on foreign aid and loans

• Debts; (economic)

• Conflict; (political)• Corruption Governments…

(political)

For this question you would compare several factors in

importanceEvaluate The Extent To Which A World Issue You Have Studied (The Lack Of Development In Africa) Has Been Caused By Social Problems (Poor Health) 12 MARKS

Why Is There Such In Africa…?

Factor 7:Unfair Trade Terms Hinders Africa Development

1. Why should Africa be a rich continent?

2. What are the problems with cash crops?

3. How does weak infrastructure affect Trade?

4. Why is Africa’s food production controversial?

5. What conditions are linked to loans from the World Bank?

6. What do cash crops make a country vulnerable to?

7. How could trade get Africa out of trouble?

Questions:

Factor 7:Unfair Trade Terms Hinders Africa Development

‘With Reference To A World Issue You Have Studied Analyse The Factors Which Have Caused The Issue.’

12 Marks

TASK: Use The Plan To Write A Paragraph

1. Start with : “Another factor that contributes to the lack of development in Africa is unfair trade terms.”

2. Why should Africa be prosperous continent? (Knowledge & Example)

3. Explain that trade however varies between countries which creates cash crops (Explain & Example)

4. What are the problems that go with cash crops? (Explain & Example)

5. Link unfair trade to debt (Knowledge)6. Explain the problems this causes e.g. Zambia (Explain &

Example)

7. Sum up that trade could be Africa's way out of poverty but it depends on how governments would spend their increased budget

Factor 6: Unfair Trade Terms Hinders Africa Development

Timed Essay & Question

You Have 1 Hour To Answer 2 Knowledge Questions (in exam)

1. Evaluate the extent to which a world issue you have studied has been caused

only by political problems. 12 Marks (Monday)

2. To what extent has a world issue you have studied had an impact in different countries? 20 Marks

(Handed in next Friday)