Chapter 9 Section 3 French Revolution

Section 3 World War and Republican France

Foreign Reactions to the French Revolution: Diverse Reactions-_________

-Mostly in favor of the revolution-Example, most of the United States supported

-_________-Not in Favor-Example: Edmund Burke

-Change must be evolutionary not revolutionary-Drastic and forced change will only lead to chaos and tyranny

-______________ -Aristocrats/Nobles who fled France during Revolution

-Many from other Countries Feared and Detested the French Revolution…..WHY?

Answer_______________________________________________________________________

http://www.anselm.edu/academic/history/hdubrulle/modernbritain/text/generalinfo/gallery02.htm

http://thedisorderofthings.com/2014/02/27/ah-ca-ira-ca-ira/

-Declaration of Pillnitz-Prussia and Austria threatened to invade France and restore Monarchy

-Brunswick Manifesto-Commander of Prussian Military threaten to destroy Paris if King is harmed.

How would France Respond to such a strong statement?

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4a/Manifeste_de_Brunswick_caricature_1792.jpg

Outbreak of War and Panic-France responded to this threat by declaring war on Austria-Early Defeats Cause Widespread Panic-King and family try to flee France, deemed a traitor

Internal Crisis: _____________________

-Riots throughout countryside resulting in death of 1200 aristocratic nobles, clergy, etc.

Paris Commune-Radical local government created in Paris

-Formed to protect revolution-Urged creation of a new government

-Election of a New National Assembly: National Convention-Younger and More radical Members-Elected on Universal Male Suffrage-Arrested and Imprisoned King For Treason

Trial of King Louis XVI

http://e-ducation.datapeak.net/scientists/convention.gif

Marks the Beginning of the 2nd Revolution: ________________________1. Fall of the Monarchy2. Internal and External Threats 3. Rapid Radicalization of the Revolution

Rise of the ____________ - Radical, Militant, Urban Working Class of Paris- Men wore trousers, not knee breeches- Mob Violence- Wanted Social, Political and Economic Equality

-“A man who has no mansions, no lackeys to wait on him, and lives quite simply”

-Citizen and Citizeness

-Rise to power in Paris Commune

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sans-culottes

a. National Convention declares France a ________________________i. Political Divisions within the Jacobin Club:

1. ______________ (Moderate)2. ______________ (Radical) led by Maximillien Robespierre and Georges

Danton

http://nobility.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/800px-Danton_Marat_Robespierre_Lambinet.jpg

3. The Plain (Undecided Middle)

ii. Fate of King For Treason1. ____________- King is guilty, NO EXECUTION2. ____________- King is guilty, MUST BE EXECUTED3. The __________ aligned themselves with ______________

b. January 21, 1793 “Vive la Republic”1. King Louis is executed by Guillotine

Total War and Total Terror

-Internal Conflict:-Peasants, Royalists, Young Men

- Upset with death of King- Refusing Draft- Rebelling throughout Country

-External Conflict:-France was at war with most of EUROPE

-First Coalition: Austria, Prussia, Great Britain, Spain, Sardinia, and Holland

-Walls were closing in on all sides

http://www.napoleonicsociety.com/english/benjaminwlderhy1.html

THE ANSWER: ____________________________________

http://images.fineartamerica.com/images-medium-large/committee-of-public-safety-granger.jpg

-Created by National Convention

-Run by _____________________

-Protect France and Revolution from External and Internal Threats:

1. Planned Economy (Socialism in a sense)-Prepare France for War-Heavy Government Regulation

1. Prices fixed on bread2. All worked, produced weapons and ammunition3. Government rations, requisitioned raw materials, nationalized shops

2. Reign of Terror:

“Terror is nothing more than prompt, severe, inflexible justice”

-Tried and punished all enemies of the nation/revolution

-Enemies of Robespierre -Danton

-Marie Antoinette -Girondists

-300,000 Arrested-40,000 Executed (Guillotine)

-8% Nobles-14% Bourgeoisie-6% Clergy-70% Peasants

http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-RAUByipe0W0/TqLWj08UShI/AAAAAAAADKQ/F5NFk77FC6Y/s400/funny-pictures-history-robespierre.jpg

http://lowres.cartoonstock.com/death-guillotine-french_revolution-decapitation-decapitations-bowling-pknn567_low.jpg

https://freeman-pedia.wikispaces.com/file/view/Reign%20of%20Terror.png/351691144/223x150/Reign%20of%20Terror.png

3. Reforming French Life Erase all Traces of: 1. 2. 3.

-NEW Patriotic Revolutionary Art, Songs, Holidays, etc.-NEW Calendar:-NEW 10 day weeks-NEW Day/Year 1: Birth of Republic-NEW names for months-Dechristianization- Eliminate Catholicism - Cult of Reason -Churches and Land Sold -Religious Symbols Destroyed -Clergy Persecuted-Notre Dame: Temple of Reason

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temple_of_Reason

4. Inspired Nationalism- ________________________________________-800,000 Man Army, outnumbered opponents 4:1-Victory by overwhelming numbers-France is saved from external invasion

http://elcadillacnegro.files.wordpress.com/2012/12/aragorn-y-el-ejc3a9rcito-de-los-muertos.jpg

The Fall of Robespierre and the Thermidorian Reaction - “Down with the Tyrant”

-The leader of the Terror and Mass Executions: Maximillien Robespierre is guillotined-Ends the Reign of Terror

-Economic Controls were loosened-Catholicism was returned-New Government from National Assembly: The Directory

-5 Man Executive Council

http://www.executedtoday.com/images/Robespierre_executed_1.jpg