Workshop on emissions of GHG from Workshop on emissions of GHG from aviation and navigationaviation and navigation

Comparison of Eurocontrol/Eurostat and IEA estimates with MS inventories

Anke Herold, ETC-ACC

18 May 2004

2

Total COTotal CO22 emissions from aviation in 2000 emissions from aviation in 2000

Difference CRF to Eurocontrol/EurostatDifference CRF to Eurocontrol/EurostatTotal CO2 emissions from aviation in 2000 - Difference CRF to Eurocontrol

60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 110% 120% 130% 140%

Austria

Belgium

Czech Republic

Denmark

Finland

France

Germany

Greece

Hungary

Ireland

Italy

Latvia

Luxembourg

Netherlands

Poland

Portugal

Spain

Sweden

UK

EU-15

Eurocontrol estimate = 100%

3

COCO22 from from domesticdomestic aviation in 2000 – aviation in 2000 –

difference CRF to Eurocontrol/Eurostatdifference CRF to Eurocontrol/EurostatTotal CO2 emissions from domestic aviation in 2000 - Difference CRF to Eurocontrol/Eurostat

60% 80% 100% 120% 140% 160% 180% 200%

Austria

Belgium

Denmark

Finland

France

Germany

Greece

Ireland

Italy

Luxembourg

Netherlands

Poland

Portugal

Spain

Sweden

UK

EU-15

Eurocontrol estimate = 100%

4

COCO22 from from internationalinternational aviation in 2000 – aviation in 2000 –

difference CRF to Eurocontrol/Eurostatdifference CRF to Eurocontrol/EurostatTotal CO2 emissions from international aviation in 2000 - Difference CRF to Eurocontrol/Eurostat

40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 110% 120% 130%

Austria

Belgium

Czech Republic

Denmark

Finland

France

Germany

Greece

Hungary

Ireland

Italy

Latvia

Luxembourg

Netherlands

Poland

Portugal

Spain

Sweden

UK

EU-15

Eurocontrol estimate = 100%

5

COCO22 EF for jet kerosene EF for jet kerosene

NIR 2004 IEF CRF 2004t CO2/TJ t CO2/TJ t CO2/TJ Source

Eurocontrol/Eurostat 73.3Austria 72.7 72.7 MEETBelgium 70.8 70.9 71.5 IPCC defaultCzech Republic 71.5 IPCC defaultDenmark 72.0 72.0 EMEP/CORINAIRFinland 71.5 70.8 domestic transport calculationFrance 71.5 71.6 LTO: ICAO Cruise: MEET/CORINAIRGermany 74.0 74.0 Research projectGreece 71.2 67.3Ireland 71.5 71.4 CSItaly 70.7 70.7 IPCC, EMEP CORINAIRLatvia 71.5 IPCC defaultLuxembourg* 71.5 IE Airport studyNetherlands 73.0 73.0 domestic transport calculationPortugal 71.5 70.4 not providedSpain 73.7 72.9 not providedSweden 73.1 73.1 CSUK 71.8 71.8 fuel composition

questionnaire CO2 emission factor (jet kerosene)

6

Total COTotal CO22 emissions from aviation – emissions from aviation –

influence of EF for difference CRF to influence of EF for difference CRF to Eurocontrol/EurostatEurocontrol/Eurostat

60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 110% 120% 130% 140% 150%

Austria

Belgium

Czech Republic

Denmark

Finland

France

Germany

Greece

Hungary

Ireland

Italy

Latvia

Luxembourg

Netherlands

Poland

Portugal

Spain

Sweden

UK

EU-15

Eurocontrol estimate = 100%

CRF Normalized

7

Austria: Comparison of COAustria: Comparison of CO22 emissions from emissions from

Eurocontrol/Eurostat with CRF dataEurocontrol/Eurostat with CRF dataComparison of Eurocontrol and CRF CO2 estimates from aviation for Austria

0

200,000

400,000

600,000

800,000

1,000,000

1,200,000

1,400,000

1,600,000

1,800,000

EC CRF EC CRF EC CRF EC CRF EC CRF EC CRF

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001

t C

O2

national

international

8

Austria: Comparison of COAustria: Comparison of CO22 emissions from emissions from

Eurocontrol/Eurostat with CRF dataEurocontrol/Eurostat with CRF data

CO2 emissions from aviation for Austria1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001

Domestic aviationEurocontrol 62,444 65,446 72,987 69,391 79,966 68,280CRF 63,500 70,503 77,255 81,102 82,112 79,393CRF/Eurocontrol 102% 108% 106% 117% 103% 116%

International aviationEurocontrol 1,450,156 1,500,640 1,654,655 1,668,958 1,673,812 1,339,098CRF 1,466,418 1,525,567 1,578,214 1,541,667 1,674,927 1,614,753CRF/Eurocontrol 101% 102% 95% 92% 100% 121%

TotalEurocontrol 1,512,600 1,566,086 1,727,642 1,738,349 1,753,778 1,407,378CRF 1,529,917 1,596,070 1,655,469 1,622,770 1,757,040 1,694,146CRF/Eurocontrol 101% 102% 96% 93% 100% 120%

Total fuel consumptionEurocontrol/Eurostat 480,191 497,170 548,458 551,857 556,755 446,787Eurostat/IEA 494,000 511,000 538,000 528,000 571,000nat. energy balance 495,002 515,002 542,003 525,003 569,002 553,002CRF/Eurocontrol 103% 104% 99% 95% 102% 124%CRF/IEA 100% 101% 101% 99% 100%

tonnes CO2

tonnes fuel

9

France: Comparison of COFrance: Comparison of CO22 emissions from emissions from

Eurocontrol/Eurostat with CRF dataEurocontrol/Eurostat with CRF dataComparison of Eurocontrol and CRF CO2 estimates from aviation for France

0

2,000,000

4,000,000

6,000,000

8,000,000

10,000,000

12,000,000

14,000,000

16,000,000

EC CRF EC CRF EC CRF EC CRF EC CRF EC CRF

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001

t C

O2

national

international

10

France: Comparison of COFrance: Comparison of CO22 emissions from emissions from

Eurocontrol/Eurostat with CRF dataEurocontrol/Eurostat with CRF data

CO2 emissions from aviation for France1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001

Domestic aviationEurocontrol 5,760,792 6,004,458 6,226,605 6,285,411 6,603,280 5,936,786CRF 5,725,640 5,777,930 6,080,040 6,052,890 6,173,240 5,672,510CRF/Eurocontrol 99% 96% 98% 96% 93% 96%

International aviationEurocontrol 10,419,231 10,824,644 11,766,095 12,700,174 13,153,721 11,901,400CRF 11,240,290 11,633,680 12,255,300 13,761,150 14,360,780 14,586,790CRF/Eurocontrol 108% 107% 104% 108% 109% 123%

TotalEurocontrol 16,180,023 16,829,102 17,992,700 18,985,585 19,757,001 17,838,186CRF 16,965,930 17,411,610 18,335,340 19,814,040 20,534,020 20,259,300CRF/Eurocontrol 105% 103% 102% 104% 104% 114%

tonnes CO2

11

Sweden: Comparison of COSweden: Comparison of CO22 emissions from emissions from

Eurocontrol/Eurostat with CRF dataEurocontrol/Eurostat with CRF dataComparison of Eurocontrol and CRF CO2 estimates from aviation for Sweden

0

500,000

1,000,000

1,500,000

2,000,000

2,500,000

EC CRF EC CRF EC CRF EC CRF EC CRF EC CRF

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001

t C

O2

national

international

12

Sweden: Comparison of COSweden: Comparison of CO22 emissions from emissions from

Eurocontrol/Eurostat with CRF dataEurocontrol/Eurostat with CRF data

CO2 emissions from aviation for Sweden1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001

Domestic aviationEurocontrol 928,559 962,669 972,920 994,081 945,249 840,051CRF 604,361 654,401 667,400 698,984 643,851 625,464CRF/Eurocontrol 65% 68% 69% 70% 68% 74%

International aviationEurocontrol 1,597,861 1,752,386 1,982,887 2,112,807 2,155,862 1,905,959CRF 1,475,518 1,560,257 1,673,004 1,879,289 1,926,366 1,870,865CRF/Eurocontrol 92% 89% 84% 89% 89% 98%

TotalEurocontrol 2,526,420 2,715,055 2,955,807 3,106,888 3,101,111 2,746,010CRF 2,079,879 2,214,658 2,340,405 2,578,273 2,570,217 2,496,329CRF/Eurocontrol 82% 82% 79% 83% 83% 91%

tonnes CO2

13

Sweden: description of national Sweden: description of national method used (NIR 2004)method used (NIR 2004)

• SCAA calculates emissions from aviation based on statistics on the number of flights between city pairs (domestic and international), type of aircraft, amount of fuel needed for different flights and emissions per fuel on specific flights, based on data on aircraft performance during different phases of the flight and the distance between destinations.

• SCAA also compares the data with information from Statistics Sweden on the delivered amount of fuel. Coherence between these two sources has been relatively good, the difference is between 2.9% and 14.6% during the period 1995-2002.

14

Spain: Comparison of COSpain: Comparison of CO22 emissions from emissions from

Eurocontrol/Eurostat with CRF dataEurocontrol/Eurostat with CRF dataComparison of Eurocontrol and CRF CO2 estimates from aviation for Spain

0

2,000,000

4,000,000

6,000,000

8,000,000

10,000,000

12,000,000

EC CRF EC CRF EC CRF EC CRF EC CRF EC CRF

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001

t C

O2

national

International

15

Spain: Comparison of COSpain: Comparison of CO22 emissions from emissions from

Eurocontrol/Eurostat with CRF dataEurocontrol/Eurostat with CRF data

CO2 emissions from aviation for Spain1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001

Domestic aviationEurocontrol 3,813,906 3,986,549 3,875,601 4,151,190 4,137,506 3,947,509CRF 3,831,359 4,127,882 4,722,397 5,187,557 5,496,879 5,618,251CRF/Eurocontrol 100% 104% 122% 125% 133% 142%

International aviationEurocontrol 8,306,789 8,669,905 9,628,595 10,629,687 10,873,843 10,902,479CRF 6,554,428 7,071,346 7,477,632 7,736,538 8,314,379 8,491,848CRF/Eurocontrol 79% 82% 78% 73% 76% 78%

TotalEurocontrol 12,120,695 12,656,454 13,504,196 14,780,877 15,011,349 14,849,988CRF 10,385,787 11,199,228 12,200,029 12,924,095 13,811,258 14,110,099CRF/Eurocontrol 86% 88% 90% 87% 92% 95%

Total fuel consumptionEurocontrol/Eurostat 3,847,840 4,017,922 4,287,046 4,692,342 4,765,508 4,714,282Eurostat/IEA 3,289,000 3,543,000 3,858,000 4,087,000 4,368,000national energy balance 3,297,000 3,553,000 3,842,000 4,097,000 4,378,000 4,472,000CRF/Eurocontrol 86% 88% 90% 87% 92% 95%CRF/IEA 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%

tonnes CO2

tonnes fuel

16

Germany: Comparison of COGermany: Comparison of CO22 emissions emissions

from Eurocontrol/Eurostat with CRF datafrom Eurocontrol/Eurostat with CRF dataComparison of Eurocontrol and CRF CO2 estimates from aviation for Germany

0

2,000,000

4,000,000

6,000,000

8,000,000

10,000,000

12,000,000

14,000,000

16,000,000

18,000,000

20,000,000

EC CRF EC CRF EC CRF EC CRF EC CRF EC CRF

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001

t C

O2

national

international

17

Germany: Comparison of COGermany: Comparison of CO22 emissions emissions

from Eurocontrol/Eurostat with CRF datafrom Eurocontrol/Eurostat with CRF data

CO2 emissions from aviation for Germany1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001

Domestic aviationEurocontrol 2,306,949 2,438,726 2,487,195 2,515,973 2,609,784 2,419,385CRF 3,634,229 3,774,163 3,880,767 4,164,039 4,395,600 4,292,000CRF/Eurocontrol 158% 155% 156% 166% 168% 177%

International aviationEurocontrol 15,258,709 15,571,382 16,296,275 17,343,810 17,930,293 15,746,659CRF 14,536,915 15,096,651 15,523,069 16,656,157 17,582,400 17,168,000CRF/Eurocontrol 95% 97% 95% 96% 98% 109%

TotalEurocontrol 17,565,658 18,010,108 18,783,470 19,859,783 20,540,077 18,166,044CRF 18,171,144 18,870,814 19,403,836 20,820,196 21,978,000 21,460,000CRF/Eurocontrol 103% 105% 103% 105% 107% 118%

tonnes CO2

18

Netherlands: Comparison of CONetherlands: Comparison of CO22 emissions emissions

from Eurocontrol/Eurostat with CRF datafrom Eurocontrol/Eurostat with CRF dataComparison of Eurocontrol and CRF CO2 estimates from aviation for the Netherlands

0

2,000,000

4,000,000

6,000,000

8,000,000

10,000,000

12,000,000

EC CRF EC CRF EC CRF EC CRF EC CRF EC CRF

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001

t C

O2

national

international

19

Netherlands: Comparison of CONetherlands: Comparison of CO22 emissions emissions

from Eurocontrol/Eurostat with CRF datafrom Eurocontrol/Eurostat with CRF data

CO2 emissions from aviation for Netherlands1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001

Domestic aviationEurocontrol 53,138 53,021 55,842 45,198 40,598 36,799CRF 298,497 320,726 362,007 419,509 282,413 196,881CRF/Eurocontrol 562% 605% 648% 928% 696% 535%

International aviationEurocontrol 6,803,409 7,130,532 7,597,925 7,886,845 8,198,749 8,386,384Eurocontrol overseas

territories a 171,089 205,288 279,795 302,287 316,675 337,099CRF 8,249,000 8,979,000 9,709,000 10,070,277 10,066,992 9,855,000CRF/Eurocontrol 118% 122% 123% 123% 118% 113%

TotalEurocontrol 6,856,547 7,183,553 7,653,767 7,932,043 8,239,347 8,423,183CRF 8,547,497 9,299,726 10,071,007 10,489,786 10,349,405 10,051,881CRF/Eurocontrol 125% 129% 132% 132% 126% 119%

tonnes CO2

20

Portugal: Comparison of COPortugal: Comparison of CO22 emissions emissions

from Eurocontrol/Eurostat with CRF datafrom Eurocontrol/Eurostat with CRF dataComparison of Eurocontrol and CRF CO2 estimates from aviation for Portugal

0

500,000

1,000,000

1,500,000

2,000,000

2,500,000

EC CRF EC CRF EC CRF EC CRF EC CRF EC CRF

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001

t C

O2

national

international

21

Portugal: Comparison of COPortugal: Comparison of CO22 emissions emissions

from Eurocontrol/Eurostat with CRF datafrom Eurocontrol/Eurostat with CRF data

CO2 emissions from aviation for Portugal1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001

Domestic aviationEurocontrol 312,774 336,040 362,114 370,474 346,525 243,233CRF 298,905 298,905 298,905 298,905 298,905 298,905CRF/Eurocontrol 96% 89% 83% 81% 86% 123%

International aviationEurocontrol 1,640,013 1,627,762 1,839,886 2,014,583 2,076,296 1,808,418CRF 1,741,461 1,741,461 1,741,461 1,741,461 1,741,461 1,741,461CRF/Eurocontrol 106% 107% 95% 86% 84% 96%

TotalEurocontrol 1,952,787 1,963,802 2,202,000 2,385,057 2,422,821 2,051,651CRF 2,040,367 2,040,367 2,040,367 2,040,367 2,040,367 2,040,367CRF/Eurocontrol 104% 104% 93% 86% 84% 99%

tonnes CO2

22

Czech Republic: Comparison of COCzech Republic: Comparison of CO22

emissions from Eurocontrol/Eurostat with emissions from Eurocontrol/Eurostat with CRF dataCRF data

CO2 emissions from aviation for Czech Republic1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001

Domestic aviationEurocontrol 3,691 2,678 3,100 3,483 3,128 3,406CRF 95,489 130,977CRF/Eurocontrol 3053% 3845%

International aviationEurocontrol 341,653 368,403 504,224 560,084 587,913 598,823CRF 343,024 438,938CRF/Eurocontrol 58% 73%

TotalEurocontrol 345,344 371,081 507,324 563,567 591,041 602,229CRF 438,513 569,915CRF/Eurocontrol 74% 95%

tonnes CO2

23

Latvia: Comparison of COLatvia: Comparison of CO22 emissions from emissions from

Eurocontrol/Eurostat with CRF dataEurocontrol/Eurostat with CRF data

CO2 emissions from aviation for Latvia1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001

Domestic aviationEurocontrol 6 0 39 0 44 18CRF 3,245 3,381 3,882 2,341 4,052 4,809CRF/Eurocontrol 54076% 9954% 9209% 26718%

International aviationEurocontrol 60,834 57,568 73,675 71,344 61,637 55,897CRF 49,230 51,240 58,849 61,460 51,330 56,195CRF/Eurocontrol 81% 89% 80% 86% 83% 101%

TotalEurocontrol 60,840 57,568 73,714 71,344 61,681 55,915CRF 52,475 54,621 62,731 63,801 55,382 61,004CRF/Eurocontrol 86% 95% 85% 89% 90% 109%

tonnes CO2

24

Comparison of fuel consumption (TJ) Comparison of fuel consumption (TJ) between IEA and CRF databetween IEA and CRF data

Energy - Domestic and international aviation transport: activity data (2000)

Difference Difference Difference CRF IEA Difference

(%) (%) (%) (%)Austria NCV -0.2 -3.5 4.1 24,574 25,505 3.8Czech Republic NCV 22.3 -63.6 42.6 6,318 8,606 36.2Denmark NCV 6.2 -11.6 2.5 34,765 35,672 2.6Estonia NCV -100.0 0.0 100.0 919 847 -7.8Finland NCV 37.0 72.3 3.0 19,693 22,073 12.1France NCV -22.3 100.0 11.3 286,825 291,397 1.6Greece NCV -3.4 100.0 0.0 57,521 57,524 0.0Hungary 0.0 0.0 6.0 8,957 9,498 6.0Ireland 100.0 100.0 1.7 23,237 24,970 7.5Italy NCV -80.9 -44.3 37.8 148,255 159,051 7.3Latvia NCV 100.0 0.0 0.0 1,123 1,159 3.2Luxembourg 100.0 0 13,912 100.0Netherlands NCV -0.9 2.4 141,827 145,273 2.4Poland NCV -100.0 0.0 214.2 11,903 16,008 34.5Portugal NCV -50.5 44.2 92.6 32,289 34,424 6.6Slovakia NCV 100.0 0.0 0.0 0 1,159 100.0Spain NCV -3.1 1036.5 3.4 189,180 195,235 3.2Sweden NCV 123.2 309.4 -21.2 35,001 40,533 15.8United Kingdom NCV 342.3 -4.1 -29.4 444,186 478,009 7.6a Data from the International Energy Agency (conversion factors used: 44.59 TJ/kt for jet kerosene and 44.80 TJ/kt for aviation gasoline; source of conversion factors: IPCC Guidelines, volume 3, page 1.23, tables 1-3). For those Parties using GCV,

(TJ)

Activity data in CRF based on Jet

keroseneAviation gasoline

Total jet kerosene and aviation gasoline

1.A.3.a Civil aviation (domestic)

International aviation

Domestic and international aviation transport

Jet kerosene

25

ConclusionsConclusions

• Estimation performed by Eurostat with Eurocontrol data is a very useful exercise, at least for verification purposes

• Results should provide incentives to some MS to move to higher tier methods

• Where results do not compare well, more methodological information is needed from Eurostat/Eurocontrol in order to enable MS to examine differences

• With additional fuel consumption data from MS energy balances, additional analysis could be performed in order to assess underlying reasons for differences

26

Thank you for your attention

27

Belgium: Comparison of COBelgium: Comparison of CO22 emissions emissions

from Eurocontrol/Eurostat with CRF datafrom Eurocontrol/Eurostat with CRF dataComparison of Eurocontrol and CRF CO2 estimates from aviation for Belgium

0

500,000

1,000,000

1,500,000

2,000,000

2,500,000

3,000,000

3,500,000

4,000,000

4,500,000

5,000,000

EC CRF EC CRF EC CRF EC CRF EC CRF EC CRF

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001

t C

O2

national

international

28

Belgium: Comparison of COBelgium: Comparison of CO22 emissions emissions

from Eurocontrol/Eurostat with CRF datafrom Eurocontrol/Eurostat with CRF data

CO2 emissions from aviation for Belgium1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001

Domestic aviationEurocontrol 7,887 8,584 8,945 8,158 6,489 5,799CRF 9,319 8,351 9,264 12,098 12,204 12,400CRF/Eurocontrol 118% 97% 104% 148% 188% 214%

International aviationEurocontrol 3,024,863 3,269,303 3,598,907 3,906,881 3,708,860 2,836,341CRF 3,339,602 3,601,183 4,068,373 4,533,762 4,660,817 4,218,632CRF/Eurocontrol 110% 110% 113% 116% 126% 149%

TotalEurocontrol 3,032,750 3,277,887 3,607,852 3,915,039 3,715,349 2,842,140CRF 3,348,920 3,609,533 4,077,636 4,545,860 4,673,021 4,231,032CRF/Eurocontrol 110% 110% 113% 116% 126% 149%

tonnes CO2

29

Denmark: Comparison of CODenmark: Comparison of CO22 emissions emissions

from Eurocontrol/Eurostat with CRF datafrom Eurocontrol/Eurostat with CRF dataComparison of Eurocontrol and CRF CO2 estimates from aviation for Denmark

0

500,000

1,000,000

1,500,000

2,000,000

2,500,000

EC CRF EC CRF EC CRF EC CRF EC CRF EC CRF

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001

t C

O2

national

international

30

Denmark: Comparison of CODenmark: Comparison of CO22 emissions emissions

from Eurocontrol/Eurostat with CRF datafrom Eurocontrol/Eurostat with CRF data

CO2 emissions from aviation for Denmark1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001

Domestic aviationEurocontrol 205,764 209,367 216,636 195,652 178,190 173,766CRF 205,790 212,735 194,382 173,654 155,389 166,739CRF/Eurocontrol 100% 102% 90% 89% 87% 96%

International aviationEurocontrol 1,845,428 1,935,086 1,992,197 2,183,638 2,289,426 2,140,122CRF 1,970,158 2,009,666 2,158,383 2,290,473 2,348,445 2,379,714CRF/Eurocontrol 107% 104% 108% 105% 103% 111%

TotalEurocontrol 2,051,192 2,144,453 2,208,833 2,379,290 2,467,616 2,313,888CRF 2,175,948 2,222,401 2,352,765 2,464,127 2,503,833 2,546,453CRF/Eurocontrol 106% 104% 107% 104% 101% 110%

tonnes CO2

31

Finland: Comparison of COFinland: Comparison of CO22 emissions from emissions from

Eurocontrol/Eurostat with CRF dataEurocontrol/Eurostat with CRF dataComparison of Eurocontrol and CRF CO2 estimates from aviation for Finland

0

200,000

400,000

600,000

800,000

1,000,000

1,200,000

EC CRF EC CRF EC CRF EC CRF EC CRF EC CRF

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001

t C

O2

national

international

32

Finland: Comparison of COFinland: Comparison of CO22 emissions from emissions from

Eurocontrol/Eurostat with CRF dataEurocontrol/Eurostat with CRF data

CO2 emissions from aviation for Finland1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001

Domestic aviationEurocontrol 322,129 356,896 409,794 404,166 413,046 317,579CRF 380,200 412,800 447,000 464,700 367,240 360,000CRF/Eurocontrol 118% 116% 109% 115% 89% 113%

International aviationEurocontrol 844,514 901,930 1,024,237 1,064,020 1,085,850 1,014,256CRF 957,000 965,000 990,000 1,058,000 1,027,000 1,054,000CRF/Eurocontrol 113% 107% 97% 99% 95% 104%

TotalEurocontrol 1,166,643 1,258,826 1,434,031 1,468,186 1,498,896 1,331,835CRF 1,337,200 1,377,800 1,437,000 1,522,700 1,394,240 1,414,000CRF/Eurocontrol 115% 109% 100% 104% 93% 106%

tonnes CO2

33

Greece: Comparison of COGreece: Comparison of CO22 emissions from emissions from

Eurocontrol/Eurostat with CRF dataEurocontrol/Eurostat with CRF dataComparison of Eurocontrol and CRF CO2 estimates from aviation for Greece

0

500,000

1,000,000

1,500,000

2,000,000

2,500,000

3,000,000

3,500,000

EC CRF EC CRF EC CRF EC CRF EC CRF EC CRF

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001

t C

O2

national

international

34

Greece: Comparison of COGreece: Comparison of CO22 emissions from emissions from

Eurocontrol/Eurostat with CRF dataEurocontrol/Eurostat with CRF data

CO2 emissions from aviation for Greece1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001

Domestic aviationEurocontrol 428,562 407,499 361,068 504,339 500,923 142,534CRF 1,278,300 1,227,800 1,148,890 1,679,150 1,444,510 1,272,600CRF/Eurocontrol 298% 301% 318% 333% 288% 893%

International aviationEurocontrol 2,495,806 2,485,993 2,624,997 2,851,599 2,867,025 1,868,641CRF 2,958,840 2,945,200 3,090,480 2,880,780 3,138,620 2,321,550CRF/Eurocontrol 119% 118% 118% 101% 109% 124%

TotalEurocontrol 2,924,368 2,893,492 2,986,065 3,355,938 3,367,948 2,011,175CRF 4,237,140 4,173,000 4,239,370 4,559,930 4,583,130 3,594,150CRF/Eurocontrol 145% 144% 142% 136% 136% 179%

tonnes CO2

35

Ireland: Comparison of COIreland: Comparison of CO22 emissions from emissions from

Eurocontrol/Eurostat with CRF dataEurocontrol/Eurostat with CRF dataComparison of Eurocontrol and CRF CO2 estimates from aviation for Ireland

0

500,000

1,000,000

1,500,000

2,000,000

2,500,000

EC CRF EC CRF EC CRF EC CRF EC CRF EC CRF

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001

t C

O2

national

international

36

Ireland: Comparison of COIreland: Comparison of CO22 emissions from emissions from

Eurocontrol/Eurostat with CRF dataEurocontrol/Eurostat with CRF data

CO2 emissions from aviation for Ireland1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001

National aviationEurocontrol 50,733 65,641 84,355 94,141 100,439 73,786CRF 64,370 69,120 79,540 84,470 96,080 109,040CRF/Eurocontrol 127% 105% 94% 90% 96% 148%

International aviationEurocontrol 1,231,772 1,288,804 1,404,668 1,691,800 1,653,106 1,454,221CRF 1,268,680 1,325,390 1,373,100 1,623,790 1,625,280 2,095,491CRF/Eurocontrol 103% 103% 98% 96% 98% 144%

TotalEurocontrol 1,282,505 1,354,445 1,489,023 1,785,941 1,753,545 1,528,007CRF 1,333,050 1,394,510 1,452,640 1,708,260 1,721,360 2,204,531CRF/Eurocontrol 104% 103% 98% 96% 98% 144%

tonnes CO2

37

Italy: Comparison of COItaly: Comparison of CO22 emissions from emissions from

Eurocontrol/Eurostat with CRF dataEurocontrol/Eurostat with CRF dataComparison of Eurocontrol and CRF CO2 estimates from aviation for Italy

0

1,000,000

2,000,000

3,000,000

4,000,000

5,000,000

6,000,000

7,000,000

8,000,000

9,000,000

EC CRF EC CRF EC CRF EC CRF EC CRF EC CRF

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001

t C

O2

national

international

38

Italy: Comparison of COItaly: Comparison of CO22 emissions from emissions from

Eurocontrol/Eurostat with CRF dataEurocontrol/Eurostat with CRF data

CO2 emissions from aviation for Italy1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001

Domestic aviationEurocontrol 2,104,904 2,191,975 2,279,036 2,580,132 2,809,501 2,694,879CRF 1,932,628 2,038,542 2,218,892 2,470,259 2,709,394 2,603,546CRF/Eurocontrol 97% 96% 96% 97%

International aviationEurocontrol 5,590,719 5,730,597 6,151,938 6,777,532 7,228,288 6,553,862CRF 5,931,529 6,102,630 6,634,829 7,366,875 7,786,435 7,664,514CRF/Eurocontrol 106% 106% 108% 109% 108% 117%

TotalEurocontrol 7,695,623 7,922,572 8,430,974 9,357,664 10,037,789 9,248,741CRF 7,864,157 8,141,172 8,853,720 9,837,134 10,495,829 10,268,060CRF/Eurocontrol 102% 103% 105% 105% 105% 111%

Total fuel consumption tonnes fuelEurocontrol/Eurostat 3,186,600Eurostat/IEA 3,399,000CRF 3,535,000CRF/Eurocontrol 111%CRF/IEA 104%

tonnes CO2

39

Sweden: Comparison of COSweden: Comparison of CO22 emissions from emissions from

Eurocontrol/Eurostat with CRF dataEurocontrol/Eurostat with CRF dataComparison of Eurocontrol and CRF CO2 estimates from aviation for Sweden

0

500,000

1,000,000

1,500,000

2,000,000

2,500,000

EC CRF EC CRF EC CRF EC CRF EC CRF EC CRF

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001

t C

O2

national

international

40

UK: Comparison of COUK: Comparison of CO22 emissions from emissions from

Eurocontrol/Eurostat with CRF dataEurocontrol/Eurostat with CRF dataComparison of Eurocontrol and CRF CO2 estimates from aviation for United Kingdom

0

5,000,000

10,000,000

15,000,000

20,000,000

25,000,000

30,000,000

35,000,000

EC CRF EC CRF EC CRF EC CRF EC CRF EC CRF

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001

t C

O2

national

international

41

UK: Comparison of COUK: Comparison of CO22 emissions from emissions from

Eurocontrol/Eurostat with CRF dataEurocontrol/Eurostat with CRF data

CO2 emissions from aviation for United Kingdom1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001

Domestic aviationEurocontrol 2,055,218 2,151,082 2,315,566 2,432,172 2,434,249 2,375,240CRF 2,486,973 2,571,789 2,688,533 2,752,850 2,801,375 2,937,756CRF/Eurocontrol 121% 120% 116% 113% 115% 124%

International aviationEurocontrol 20,104,487 21,767,250 24,030,044 25,344,489 26,060,228 24,545,213Eurocontrol overseas

territories a 47,841 34,991 54,841 62,516 59,086 56,291CRF 20,301,076 21,621,614 24,197,814 26,493,677 29,412,067 27,612,818CRF/Eurocontrol 101% 99% 100% 104% 113% 112%

TotalEurocontrol 22,159,705 23,918,332 26,345,610 27,776,661 28,494,477 26,920,453CRF 22,788,049 24,193,404 26,886,347 29,246,527 32,213,443 30,550,574CRF/Eurocontrol 103% 101% 102% 105% 113% 113%

tonnes CO2

42

EU-15: Comparison of COEU-15: Comparison of CO22 emissions from emissions from

Eurocontrol/Eurostat with CRF dataEurocontrol/Eurostat with CRF dataComparison Eurocontrol and CRF data for CO2 emissions from aviation for EU-15

0

20,000,000

40,000,000

60,000,000

80,000,000

100,000,000

120,000,000

EC CRF EC CRF EC CRF EC CRF EC CRF EC CRF

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001

national

international