Aircraft Development

GHG Emissions

CASANZ 2013

Lisa Smith

Global aviation emissions

2% Global GHG emissions

689 Million tonnes CO2-e

Australian aviation emissions

3% Australia’s GHG emissions

17 Million tonnes CO2-e

Emission + RFI Estimates

RFI = 2.7 ±1.5

Worst Case

RFI = 4.2

Aviation in Australia

12% Australia’s GHG

Airport GHG Emissions

Scope 2: terminal electricity use

Scope 1: on-site generator fuel

Scope 1: net change to carbon storage

fate of cleared vegetation* Scope 3: aircraft movements (airlines)

radiative forcing index (RFI)*

Scope 1: airport fleet vehicles

Scope 2: airport lighting*

Scope 3: leaseholder electricity use

Scope 1: fuel used in construction

Scope 3: embodied emissions in materials*

Emissions are divided into scopes based

on the responsibilities of the

owners/operators of the airport. The

overall impact of the expansion on

greenhouse gas emissions conceptually

includes all scopes, but not all can be

effectively quantified.

Scope 1 – direct emissions

Scope 2 – purchased electricity

Scope 3 – upstream/downstream

emissions as selected.

* data not available or source excluded

Scope 1: waste-related emissions

(because waste emissions are council

responsibility and council owns airport) Scope 3: Passenger pick-up, drop-off*

Freight transfer*

Scope 3: workforce commuting*

Scope 3: general aviation

Scope 3: baggage handling fuel*

Task

Annual inventory of emissions

Aircraft emissions including landing and take-off emissions

Identification of GHG abatement opportunities

Landing Take-Off (LTO)

Challenges and opportunities

‘Local’ flights

Small aircraft

Activity data

Scott Losee – aviation enthusiast

Michael Burchill – data enthusiast

Emission factors

1 MoE BC 2012 2 Defra 2012

Distance category Emission Factor kg CO2-e/pax km

Domestic haul (0-400 km)1 0.2194

Short haul (401–1000 km)2 0.2

Medium haul (1,001-3,700 km) 0.11

Long haul (>3701 km) 0.13

Helicopter 0.447

LTO

Aircraft GHG emissions Type of operations

CO2-e (t)

20121 2020 2030 2040

Half of Landing Take Off (LTO) emissions2

Commercial 6,190 12,080 24,020 31,390

General aviation 2,030 2,370 2,880 2,880

Helicopter 3,620 4,230 5,130 5,130

Total 11,840 18,680 32,030 39,400

Half of flight emissions

Commercial 49,670 140,930 342,590 405,410

General aviation 3,820 4,450 5,400 5,400

Helicopter 7,170 8,370 10,150 10,150

Total 60,660 153,750 358,140 420,960

Half of flight emissions with an RFI of 2.7 applied

Total 150,000 390,000 940,000 1,110,000

1 Baseline.

2 100% of LTO emissions is used for local flights (that originate at and return to the airport).

Aircraft emissions

Mitigation options • Airport infrastructure

• Standard operating

procedures

• Optimised layout

• Collaborative approach

Questions??