work life balance of employees in mid-size industries

ISSN: 2394-3114 Vol-40-Issue 29-2020

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WORK LIFE BALANCE OF EMPLOYEES IN MID-SIZE

INDUSTRIES EMPLOYEES BabinDhas. D

Assistant Professor, Loyola College Department of Business Administration, Chennai,

ORCID code: 0000-0001-7144-9081, [email protected].

Abstract

Work life balance is a concept which helps in giving priority to the work and life. The work life

balance varies for each individual, at all times. The right balance will be different for a single

person and a married person, for a fresher and an experienced worker. Referring to emotional

labor theory, this paper examines these interconnections by conducting a three-phase empirical

study in the Mid-size manufacturing industry. Results of the first study reveal that employees’

positive emotion display and emotional dissonance negatively influence employees’ work-life

balance which in turn drives employees’ affective commitment. Results of the second study

confirm emotional labor’s impact on their work-life balance perception. Conversely, job

satisfaction is solely influenced by emotional dissonance. Work-life balance and job satisfaction

further drive employees’ commitment. Results of the third study partially replicate these results:

Emotional labor negatively impacts on employees’ work-life balance and job satisfaction which

both drive their commitment.

Keywords: Positive emotion displays, emotional dissonance, job satisfaction, normative

commitment, affective commitment

INTRODUCTION

Trying to schedule an equal number of hours for each of our various work and personal activities is

usually unrewarding and unrealistic. Life is and should be more fluid. There is no perfect, one-size

fits all balance should be striving. The best work-life balance is different for each of us because we

all have different priorities and different lives. However, at the core of an effective work-life balance

definition are two key everyday concepts that are relevant to each. They are daily Achievement

and Enjoyment, ideas almost deceptive in their simplicity1.

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

To study whether the employees of Mid-Size Industries Employees balance their work and life.

Secondary Objectives:

● To find out the area of difficulty for employee to balance their work and l life.

● To find out of the impact of work responsibility on social life.

● To find out the impact of home responsibility on professional life.

● To find out factors for smoother balance of work & family commitments.

● To examine the Work Life Balance perceptions of employee’s and its effects. 1 http://www.worklifebalance.com/work-life-balance-defined.html

mailto:[email protected]

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SCOPE OF THE STUDY

This study helps to know the balance between time spent on employee’s work and personal life.

This study concentrates mainly on analyzing the effectiveness of Work Life Balance in MSME’s Work

Life Balance is used to measure the increase in individual capacity, personal health, relationships

and commitment. To develop the quality of work, work life balance is used.

● Work Life Balance is also used to improve the relationships in jobs. Work Life Balance is

used to lessen the tension of employees. The outcome of this study will give suggestions

for better work life balance of employees of MSME’s. It emphasizes on the approaches that

are adopted by the management to enhance their potential by encouraging them, leading to

have a contented and calm life.

● It focuses on the stress factors of the employee and betterment of the working conditions,

thereby helping employers to retain employees in the organization.

LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY

The limitations of the study were as follows:

● The major constraint of this study was time.

● The sample size is restricted to 121 and hence the conclusion may not be generalized for

the universe.

● The views expressed by the respondents may be influenced.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:

The process used to collect information and data for the purpose of making business decisions. The

methodology include research publications, interviews, surveys and other research techniques, and

include both present and historical information2. It includes the following:

DATA COLLECTION PROCEDURE

A questionnaire was used to collect primary data. The researcher met the respondents in their

respective place to conduct the survey. The respondents’ suggestion to the questions was noted

with care in the questionnaire. Their observation and ideas were cautiously observed and noted.

SAMPLING TECHNIQUES AND SIZE:

The technique adopted is non probability sampling and more specific convenience sampling. The

number of sampling units from the population for investigation denotes the size of the sample. 121

is fixed as the sample size from a population of many employees

STATISTICAL TOOLS USED:

The statistical tools for analyzing the study were

● Percentage Analysis

● Weighted Average

● Chi-square Analysis

2 http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/research-methodology.html

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PERCENTAGE ANALYSIS

Table No.1 Table showing age wise classification of respondents

Age No of respondent Percentages

20-40 yrs 39 32.23

40-50 yrs 54 44.63

50 yrs above 28 23.14

Total 121 100

Interpretation:

From the above table it is inferred that 44.63% of the respondents were between the age group of

40 to 50 years.

Table No. 2 Table showing education wise classification

Qualification Frequency Percentages

Under Graduation 43 35.54

Post-Graduation 65 53.72

Others 13 10.74

Total 121 100

Interpretation:

The above table depicts that majority (53.72%) of the respondents were post graduates.

Table No.3 Table showing opinion about allocation of time for friends by respondents

WEIGHTED AVERAGE METHOD

Option F W FW RANK

Highly agree 73 5 365 1

Agree 33 4 132 2

Neither agree nor disagree 0 3 0 4

Disagree 15 2 30 3

Highly disagree 0 1 0 5

Total 121 527

Interpretation

The above table clearly explains that majority of the respondents highly agree that they have

enough time to spend with their friends apart from their work schedule.

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1

Table No. 4 Table showing opinion regarding reaching home on time

Option F W FW RANK

Highly agree 54 5 270 1

Agree 15 4 60 3

Neither agree nor disagree 0 3 0 5

Disagree 43 2 86 2

Highly disagree 9 1 9 4

Total 121 425

Interpretation

From the above table it is inferred that majority of the respondents highly agree that they can

reach home on time from their work place.

CHI-SQUARE ANALYSIS

TEST I

Chi Square test is used to check the relationship between the age and tired for attention at home

because of job.

Null Hypothesis (Ho) = There is no significant association between the age and tired for

attention at home because of job.

Alternative Hypothesis (H ) = There is a significant association between the age and tired for

attention at home because of job.

Table No.5 Chi Square Test I

Age / tiredness Yes No Total

31-40 yrs 9 30 39

40-50 yrs 18 36 54

50 yrs above 10 18 28

Total 37 84 121

Chi-Square Tests

Value Degrees of freedom Significance

Pearson Chi-Square 1.574812 2 0.455

INTERPRETATION:

Since the significance value is more than 0.05. The null hypothesis is accepted and the alternative

hypothesis is rejected. There is no relationship between the age and tired for attention at home

because of job.

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TEST II

Chi Square test is used to check the relationship between the age and usage of all allotted

vacations

Null Hypothesis (Ho) = There is no significant association between the age and usage of all

allotted vacations

Alternative Hypothesis (H1) = There is a significant association between the age and usage of

all allotted vacations

Table No.6 Chi Square Test II

Age / Usage of vacations Yes No Total

31-40 yrs 30 9 39

40-50 yrs 36 18 54

50 yrs above 17 11 28

Total 83 38 121

Chi-Square Tests



INTERPRETATION:

Since the significance value is more than 0.05 the null hypothesis is accepted and the alternative

hypothesis is rejected. There is no significant association between the age and usage of all allotted

vacations.

TEST III

Chi Square test is used to check the relationship between education and whether they feel control

over their work or not.

Null Hypothesis (Ho) = There is no significant association between education and whether they

feel control over their work or not.

Alternative Hypothesis (H1) = There is a significant association between education and whether

they feel control over their work or not.

Table No.7 Chi Square Test III

Education/Control over

work

Yes No Total

UG 28 15 43

PG 29 36 65

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Others 7 6 13

Total 64 57 121

Chi-Square Tests



INTERPRETATION:

Since the significance value 0.112 is more than 0.05. The null hypothesis is accepted and the

alternative hypothesis is rejected. There is no significant association between education and

whether they feel control over their work or not.

CONCLUSION

The concept of balancing work and personnel life is very important. The study has concentrated

on the work life balance of MSME’s. The employees have to balance their work life timing and

personnel life as well. A few drawbacks were found and remedies are suggested. Regular effort to

keep up a work balance and balancing between the accountability to the family and expectation of

the organization can have severe implication on the life of the individual. Therefore, to accomplish

their personal and professional aim, maintaining a strong balance between work and social life is

important for employees.

REFERENCES

[1] Burke, R.J. and McKeen, C. “work and family: What we know and what we need to know,”

Canadian Journal of Administrative Studies, Vol.5, 1996.

[2] Linda, Christopher Higgins, and Catherine Lee. Balancing Work and Family Roles: An Evaluation

of Alternative work Arrangements, Prepared for Health Canada, National Health Research and

Development Program, 1993.

[3] Greenhaus, Jeffrey H. “The intersection of work and family roles: Individual, interpersonal, and

organizational issues.” Journal of Social Behavior & Personality, Vol. 3 & 4, 1988.

WEB SEARCH:

www.work-life balance.com

www.humanresourcedevelopment.com

http://www.humanresourcedevelopment.com/

work life balance of employees in mid-size industries

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