women in european history. 15 th – 17 th centuries renaissance reformation
DESCRIPTION
Renaissance Marriage Social class Important rulers WitchesTRANSCRIPT
Women in European History
15th – 17th Centuries
RenaissanceReformation
Renaissance
MarriageSocial classImportant rulersWitches
Marriage & Family
Nuclear familyEconomic foundationAge – under 20, men – mid to late 20sInfanticideDivorce was very limitedSexual double standardMore prostitution
Social Class
Wealthy womenIncreased access to educationOrnaments to husbands
Important Women
Isabella I Mary TudorElizabeth I Catherine de MediciChristine de PisanIsabella d’Este
Witches
1484 – officially made witchcraft part of Church dogmaOlder women, mid-wives, single
Reformation
Protestant v Catholic
Protestant
HomemakerCompanionate marriageIncreased literacySex is good in marriage
Catholic
Women had opportunities in religious ordersNo divorce
18th Century
Agricultural RevolutionIndustrial RevolutionEnlightenmentFrench Revolution
Agricultural Revolution Effects
Enclosure movementGrowth of cottage industryurbanization-domestic work, prostitution, autonomy
Industrial Revolution
Factory workFamily wage economy
Marriage & Family
Based more on loveAge – late 20sGrowing pop of single middle class womenChildcare – nurture/spoilSmaller familiesIncrease in illegitimate births
Enlightenment
Decrease in witch huntsOrganized salonsDifficulty embracing enlightenment ideology for women’s freedom
French Revolution
Bread riots (March on Versailles)Olympe de Gouges, The Rights of WomenMary Wollstonecraft, A vindication of theh Rights of WomanParticipation with sans-culottes
Napoleonic France
Women viewed as legal incompetentsFew rightsPatriarchal political system
19th Century
Marriage & FamilySocial roles
Marriage & Family
Romantic love idealSmall family, loving relationship with kidsMiddle class more aware economicallyIllegitimacy declinedMiddle class more dependent on parents
Social Roles
Spheres of work separated for men and womenVictorian ideal of domesticityWorking class – most worked outside homeMiddle class – organizing for women’s rightsMarxism – women are equally oppressed
Socialism and women
Catholic orders organized schools and hospitalsTemperanceEducationPeace
20th Century
Legal right to wages and propertyLegal right to work without husband’s permissionSome countries legalized divorceWomen’s suffrage (WWI)Fascist nations – traditional rolesPostwar – restricted in employment