wireless ppt

8/14/2019 Wireless Ppt

1/34

Seminar onSeminar on

DESIGNING WIRELESSDESIGNING WIRELESS

APPLICATION USINGAPPLICATION USING

J2ME TECHNOLOGYJ2ME TECHNOLOGY


2/34

AGENDAAGENDA

Company ProfileCompany ProfileIntroduction to Wireless TechnologyIntroduction to Wireless Technology

Components of a wireless systemComponents of a wireless system

Overview of Java 2 PlatformOverview of Java 2 PlatformOverview of J2MEOverview of J2ME

Design and implementation IssuesDesign and implementation Issues

Network programming with J2ME for wirelessNetwork programming with J2ME for wirelessdevicesdevices


3/34

COMPANY PROFILECOMPANY PROFILE

Intersoftkk is a Multinational SoftwareIntersoftkk is a Multinational SoftwareDevelopment and IT OutsourcingDevelopment and IT Outsourcing

Services Company.Services Company.

IntersoftkkIntersoftkk is located in Bangalore and wasis located in Bangalore and was

formed in 1997.formed in 1997.

Intersoftkks objective is to provide theIntersoftkks objective is to provide theworlds best software engineeringworlds best software engineering

services to help its clients achieve andservices to help its clients achieve and

maintain competitive advantage.maintain competitive advantage.


4/34

Intersoftkk is working in the area ofIntersoftkk is working in the area of

embedded software development especiallyembedded software development especially

in the wireless and mobile product domain.in the wireless and mobile product domain. Its mission is to bring in continuousIts mission is to bring in continuous

improvement and achieve excellent customerimprovement and achieve excellent customer

satisfaction at all levels of software training andsatisfaction at all levels of software training anddevelopment, through its modular anddevelopment, through its modular and

systematic approach in accomplishing the goalsystematic approach in accomplishing the goal

of becoming a global giantof becoming a global giant


5/34

COMPANYS AREA OF EXPERTISECOMPANYS AREA OF EXPERTISE

AND CLIENTSAND CLIENTS

Java (J2ME, J2EE), C, C++, Microsoft.NetJava (J2ME, J2EE), C, C++, Microsoft.Net( VB.Net, C#.Net, Asp.Net, Ado.Net), Linux,( VB.Net, C#.Net, Asp.Net, Ado.Net), Linux,

Clients include: Sony software, TCS, AceClients include: Sony software, TCS, Ace

Designers, Mukund Software, DSL SoftwareDesigners, Mukund Software, DSL Software

Ltd., Philips Software India Ltd., Wipro, Oracle,Ltd., Philips Software India Ltd., Wipro, Oracle,

CGI (IMR Global), Apex Technologies,CGI (IMR Global), Apex Technologies,

Mphasis Canarys Automation Pvt Ltd. , HP.Mphasis Canarys Automation Pvt Ltd. , HP.


6/34


7/34

COMPONENTS OF A WIRELESSCOMPONENTS OF A WIRELESS

SYSTEMSYSTEM

HANDHELD DEVICESHANDHELD DEVICES

CONNECTIVITY AND COVERAGECONNECTIVITY AND COVERAGE

WIRELESS MIDDLEWAREWIRELESS MIDDLEWARE

(APPLICATION SERVER)(APPLICATION SERVER)TRANSCODINGTRANSCODING


8/34

HANDHELD DEVICESHANDHELD DEVICES

Paging devices , Smart phones, WAP phones etc.Paging devices , Smart phones, WAP phones etc.Each handheld device demands its own ways ofEach handheld device demands its own ways of

communicating; Varying screen sizes give rise to varyingcommunicating; Varying screen sizes give rise to varyingscreen layouts.screen layouts.

The application server must sort this all out and send eachThe application server must sort this all out and send eachhandheld device its data in a format it can utilize.handheld device its data in a format it can utilize.

There are several operating systems used with handheldThere are several operating systems used with handhelddevices likedevices like Windows CE, Palm OSWindows CE, Palm OS,,LinuxLinux ,,EPOCEPOC..


9/34

CONNECTIVITY AND COVERAGECONNECTIVITY AND COVERAGE

The cell tower sends data on to a base station. From the baseThe cell tower sends data on to a base station. From the basestation, the data is transferred to a mobile switching centerstation, the data is transferred to a mobile switching centerwhich connects all base stations together. If the user is partwhich connects all base stations together. If the user is partof the geographical network, the network system willof the geographical network, the network system willidentify his information via Home Location Register (HLR).identify his information via Home Location Register (HLR).

If he's from outside the network, Visitor Location RegisterIf he's from outside the network, Visitor Location Register(VLR) will be used to track the call.(VLR) will be used to track the call.

Once the call is initiated, the device signals its identity usingOnce the call is initiated, the device signals its identity usingits electronic Serial number (ESN) and Mobile Identityits electronic Serial number (ESN) and Mobile Identity

Number (MIN). This information is vital for the gateway toNumber (MIN). This information is vital for the gateway toauthenticate the user. The application server then preparesauthenticate the user. The application server then preparesdata to send back to the appropriate unit to be displayed.data to send back to the appropriate unit to be displayed.

There are two types of transmission:There are two types of transmission: circuit switchedcircuit switchedandandpacket switchedpacket switched..


10/34

APPLICATION SERVERAPPLICATION SERVER

The application server should be open system and easyThe application server should be open system and easy

to connect with.to connect with.

One of the most common methods of communicatingOne of the most common methods of communicatingwith backend systems is by using XML API as the datawith backend systems is by using XML API as the datadelivery tool. XML is used to extract and deliver data.delivery tool. XML is used to extract and deliver data.Different handheld devices will have different screenDifferent handheld devices will have different screentemplates.templates.

The application server should track the user's sign-in onThe application server should track the user's sign-in on

thethe device being used in order for data to be presenteddevice being used in order for data to be presentedcorrectly. The screen templates can be XML documentscorrectly. The screen templates can be XML documentswhich conform to DTD files. The screen templates arewhich conform to DTD files. The screen templates areused only to define screen layouts. They are deviceused only to define screen layouts. They are device

specific.specific.


11/34

TRANSCODINGTRANSCODING Transcoding is the process of formatting the content (data)Transcoding is the process of formatting the content (data)

according to the handheld device request using XML, XSLaccording to the handheld device request using XML, XSLstyle-sheets . It enables end users to access data universallystyle-sheets . It enables end users to access data universallyregardless of device type.regardless of device type.

Once a request from a handheld device is initiated, theOnce a request from a handheld device is initiated, the

application server intercepts the request to identify the deviceapplication server intercepts the request to identify the devicetype and capture the content.type and capture the content.

Using several logical processes, the application server engineUsing several logical processes, the application server engineprocesses the data into an XML document, which can beprocesses the data into an XML document, which can be

communicated to the backend system via the APIcommunicated to the backend system via the APIconnection. The result is then transcoded (processed) usingconnection. The result is then transcoded (processed) usingXSL stylesheets and reformatted for the handheld device thatXSL stylesheets and reformatted for the handheld device thatmade the initial request.made the initial request.


12/34

TRANSCODINGTRANSCODING

User IDs and handheld device IDs are stored in database at theUser IDs and handheld device IDs are stored in database at the

server. After login, server checks database for authentication.server. After login, server checks database for authentication.

Pull technologyPull technology is when the handheld device requests data fromis when the handheld device requests data fromserver and data is pulled from server to the applicationserver and data is pulled from server to the application

Push technologyPush technology is when the server pushes data to the handheldis when the server pushes data to the handhelddevice without waiting for the clients request.device without waiting for the clients request.

In both, authentication takes place, server communicates withIn both, authentication takes place, server communicates withback end and returns the formatted data to the handheld deviceback end and returns the formatted data to the handheld device

Server must be easy to install, configure, expand with newServer must be easy to install, configure, expand with newservices and easy to integrate with other servers.services and easy to integrate with other servers.


13/34

SECURITY IN WIRELESS TECHNOLOGYSECURITY IN WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY

The available operating systems for small devicesThe available operating systems for small devicesoffer little or no security. Most security violationsoffer little or no security. Most security violations

occur within the financial institution or the serviceoccur within the financial institution or the service

provider.provider.

Double key secure authenticationDouble key secure authentication

Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) used for PDA and SmartPublic Key Infrastructure (PKI) used for PDA and Smart

phone securityphone security

EncryptionEncryption

Authentication with UserID and passwordAuthentication with UserID and password


14/34

OVERVIEW OF JAVA2 PLATFORMOVERVIEW OF JAVA2 PLATFORM

IT COMPRISES OF 3 ELEMENTSIT COMPRISES OF 3 ELEMENTS Java Programming LanguageJava Programming Language

A Virtual MachineA Virtual Machine

APIsAPIs

IT COMES IN 3 FLAVOURSIT COMES IN 3 FLAVOURS Java 2 Standard Edition (J2SE)Java 2 Standard Edition (J2SE)

Java 2 Enterprise Edition (J2EE)Java 2 Enterprise Edition (J2EE)

Java 2 Micro Edition (J2ME)Java 2 Micro Edition (J2ME)

REASONS FOR USING JAVA IN WIRELESSREASONS FOR USING JAVA IN WIRELESS Safe, Robust and PortableSafe, Robust and Portable


15/34

OVERVIEW OF J2MEOVERVIEW OF J2ME Helps in creating java applications for small devices like pagers,Helps in creating java applications for small devices like pagers,

mobiles, set-top boxesmobiles, set-top boxes Divided into configurations and profilesDivided into configurations and profiles

Configuration is a minimum set of APIs that is useful forConfiguration is a minimum set of APIs that is useful fordeveloping applications to run on wireless devices. For example, itdeveloping applications to run on wireless devices. For example, it

might be designed for devices that have less than 512 KB ofmight be designed for devices that have less than 512 KB ofmemory and an intermittent network connection. J2ME hasmemory and an intermittent network connection. J2ME hasConnected Limited Device Configuration (CLDC).Connected Limited Device Configuration (CLDC).

A profile builds on a configuration but adds more specific APIs toA profile builds on a configuration but adds more specific APIs tomake a complete environment for building applications. J2ME hasmake a complete environment for building applications. J2ME hasMIDP.MIDP.


16/34

OVERVIEW OF J2MEOVERVIEW OF J2ME

CLDC is a configuration for J2ME designed for 16CLDC is a configuration for J2ME designed for 16or 32-bit small computing devices with limitedor 32-bit small computing devices with limitedmemory between 160 to 512 kb.memory between 160 to 512 kb.

They use less battery power, small bandwidthThey use less battery power, small bandwidth

network wireless connection CLDC devices includenetwork wireless connection CLDC devices includepagers, PDAs and cell phones.pagers, PDAs and cell phones.

CLDC includes libraries for Programming UIs usingCLDC includes libraries for Programming UIs usingLimited Connection Device User Interface (LCDUI)Limited Connection Device User Interface (LCDUI)

API, Storing data using Record Management ServerAPI, Storing data using Record Management Server(RMS) API, Networking with server using Generic(RMS) API, Networking with server using GenericConnection Framework (GCF).Connection Framework (GCF).


17/34

OVERVIEW OF J2MEOVERVIEW OF J2ME

CLDC helps in:CLDC helps in: Creating interactive and flexible UIsCreating interactive and flexible UIs

Creating applications when the device is disconnectedCreating applications when the device is disconnected

from the network.from the network.

Building wireless applications.Building wireless applications.

A Mobile Information Device Profile (MIDP) is aA Mobile Information Device Profile (MIDP) is a

profile which consists of a set of J2ME APIs.profile which consists of a set of J2ME APIs.MIDP along with CLDC provides a complete JavaMIDP along with CLDC provides a complete Java

Runtime Environment for cell phones, pagers, etc.Runtime Environment for cell phones, pagers, etc.


18/34

DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATIONDESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION

ISSUESISSUES

Design Constraints for mobile devices are: High latency,Design Constraints for mobile devices are: High latency,

Limited bandwidth and Intermittent Connectivity.Limited bandwidth and Intermittent Connectivity.

A MIDP client addresses these constraints by ConnectingA MIDP client addresses these constraints by Connecting

to network only when needed, Consume only as much datato network only when needed, Consume only as much datafrom the network as needed and remaining useful when thefrom the network as needed and remaining useful when the

network is disconnected.network is disconnected.

Three aspects to networked wireless applications are:Three aspects to networked wireless applications are:Client-side architecture, messaging and presentation.Client-side architecture, messaging and presentation.


19/34


20/34


21/34

PRESENTATIONPRESENTATION The more focused and directed a users interaction is withThe more focused and directed a users interaction is with

an application, the better the users experience. This isan application, the better the users experience. This isparticularly crucial for wireless applications given theparticularly crucial for wireless applications given the

limited screen and input capabilities of mobile devices.limited screen and input capabilities of mobile devices.

Strategies to make networked wireless applications moreStrategies to make networked wireless applications moreusable are:usable are:

Implementing client side validationImplementing client side validation

Threading long operationsThreading long operations

Provide progress indicatorsProvide progress indicators Make operations interruptibleMake operations interruptible

Personalize the applicationPersonalize the application


22/34

PROGRAMMING MODELPROGRAMMING MODEL MIDP Application client called MIDlet provides UI & requestsMIDP Application client called MIDlet provides UI & requests

Servlet interprets requests, directs it to EJB. After requestServlet interprets requests, directs it to EJB. After requestfulfillment servlet generates response for the MIDletfulfillment servlet generates response for the MIDlet

EJB encapsulate business logic. The servlet & EJB use APIsEJB encapsulate business logic. The servlet & EJB use APIs

like JDBC or JavaMail to access enterprise informationlike JDBC or JavaMail to access enterprise information


23/34

PROGRAMMING MODELPROGRAMMING MODEL

Example of a java smart ticketExample of a java smart ticketsample applicationsample application

A MIDlet provides the userA MIDlet provides the userinterface on the mobile device.interface on the mobile device.The MIDlet communicates with aThe MIDlet communicates with aJava servlet via secure HTTP.Java servlet via secure HTTP.

The servlet dispatches clientThe servlet dispatches clientrequests to various enterpriserequests to various enterprisebeans handling accountbeans handling accountmanagement, movie listings, andmanagement, movie listings, andticket purchases.ticket purchases.

These beans, in turn, access aThese beans, in turn, access adatabase The beans could usedatabase The beans could usedata access methods, such as thedata access methods, such as theJDBC API.JDBC API.

NETWORK PROGRAMMING WITH


24/34

NETWORK PROGRAMMING WITHNETWORK PROGRAMMING WITH

J2ME FOR WIRELESS DEVICESJ2ME FOR WIRELESS DEVICES

Networking in J2ME needs to be flexible for which theNetworking in J2ME needs to be flexible for which theGeneric Connection Framework (GCF) is provided inGeneric Connection Framework (GCF) is provided in

CLDC.CLDC.

GCF defines the abstractions of the networking and fileGCF defines the abstractions of the networking and fileI/O in a general way to support a broad range ofI/O in a general way to support a broad range of

handheld devices, and leaves the actualhandheld devices, and leaves the actual

implementations of these abstractions to individualimplementations of these abstractions to individual

device manufacturers.device manufacturers.

These abstractions are defined as Java interfaces. TheThese abstractions are defined as Java interfaces. The

device manufacturers choose which one to implementdevice manufacturers choose which one to implement

in their MIDP based on the actual device capabilities.in their MIDP based on the actual device capabilities.


25/34

GENERIC CONNECTION FRAMEWORKGENERIC CONNECTION FRAMEWORK

Connection

Stream

ConnectionNotifierInputConnection OutputConnection DatagramConnection

StreamConnection

ContentConnection


26/34

GENERIC CONNECTION FRAMEWORKGENERIC CONNECTION FRAMEWORK

The Connector class is the core of Generic ConnectionThe Connector class is the core of Generic Connection

framework. Different types of communication can be createdframework. Different types of communication can be created

by the same method with different parameters.by the same method with different parameters.

Open method is used as: Connector.open(String connect). TheOpen method is used as: Connector.open(String connect). The

parameter connect consists of protocol, target and params.parameter connect consists of protocol, target and params.

protocol indicates connection type like http, socket, comm,protocol indicates connection type like http, socket, comm,

datagram and file.datagram and file.

target can be a host name, a network port number, a file name,target can be a host name, a network port number, a file name,

or a communication port numberor a communication port numberparams is optional, it specifies the additional informationparams is optional, it specifies the additional information

needed to complete the connect string.needed to complete the connect string.


27/34

GENERIC CONNECTION FRAMEWORKGENERIC CONNECTION FRAMEWORKHTTP Connection:HTTP Connection:

Connection hcConnection hc=Connector.open("http://www.wirelessdevnet.com")=Connector.open("http://www.wirelessdevnet.com")

Stream Based Connection:Stream Based Connection: Connection sc=Connector.open(socket://localhost:9000)Connection sc=Connector.open(socket://localhost:9000)

Datagram Connection:Datagram Connection: Connection dc=Connector.open(datagram://:9000)Connection dc=Connector.open(datagram://:9000)

Serial port communication:Serial port communication:

Connection cc=Connector.open(comm:0;baudrate=9000)Connection cc=Connector.open(comm:0;baudrate=9000) File I/O:File I/O:

Connection fc=Connector.open(Connection fc=Connector.open(file://foo.datfile://foo.dat))
http://smb//foo.dat/http://smb//foo.dat/http://smb//foo.dat/


28/34

HTTPCONNECTION CLASSHTTPCONNECTION CLASS

It is defined in J2ME MIDP to allow developer to handle httpIt is defined in J2ME MIDP to allow developer to handle http

connections in their wireless applications.connections in their wireless applications.

Sockets or datagrams can be used for remote communicationSockets or datagrams can be used for remote communication

in J2ME applications if the MIDP manufacturer supports it.in J2ME applications if the MIDP manufacturer supports it.

This creates portability issueThis creates portability issue

HttpConnection class if used in J2ME application resolves thisHttpConnection class if used in J2ME application resolves this

since it is mandatory for all MIDP implementations.since it is mandatory for all MIDP implementations.

The HttpConnection interface derives from theThe HttpConnection interface derives from the

ContentConnection interface in CLDC. It inherits all I/OContentConnection interface in CLDC. It inherits all I/Ostream methods from StreamConnection, all the MIMEstream methods from StreamConnection, all the MIME

handling methods from ContentConnection and adds severalhandling methods from ContentConnection and adds several

additional methods for handling http protocol specific needs.additional methods for handling http protocol specific needs.


29/34

HTTPCONNECTION CLASSHTTPCONNECTION CLASS

Important Methods:Important Methods: InputStream openInputStream()InputStream openInputStream()

OutputStream openOutputStream()OutputStream openOutputStream()

String getEncoding()String getEncoding() long getLength()long getLength()

String getType()String getType()

int getResponseCode()int getResponseCode()

String getResponseMessage()String getResponseMessage()


30/34

EXAMPLE OF USING HttpConnection CLASSEXAMPLE OF USING HttpConnection CLASS

HttpConnection hc = (HttpConnection);HttpConnection hc = (HttpConnection);

Connector.open("http://www.wirelessdevnet.com");Connector.open("http://www.wirelessdevnet.com");InputStream is = new hc.openInputStream();InputStream is = new hc.openInputStream();

int ch;int ch;

// Check the Content-Length first// Check the Content-Length first

long len = hc.getLength();long len = hc.getLength();

if(len!=-1) {if(len!=-1) {for(int i = 0;i


31/34

AN EXAMPLEAN EXAMPLE

The example is a MIDletThe example is a MIDletprogram that communicatesprogram that communicates

with a web server to performwith a web server to perform

a string reversing operation.a string reversing operation.

User types in a string on theUser types in a string on the

phone (figure)phone (figure)


32/34

AN EXAMPLEAN EXAMPLE

The string is sent to a javaThe string is sent to a javaservlet on a web server using theservlet on a web server using the

HTTP POST method. The javaHTTP POST method. The java

servlet receives the string andservlet receives the string and

reverses it and sends thereverses it and sends thereversed string to the MIDletreversed string to the MIDlet

application for display (fig).application for display (fig).


33/34

CONCLUSIONCONCLUSION

Here we have seen how to design and develop wirelessHere we have seen how to design and develop wirelessapplications using java technology. Such solutions fullyapplications using java technology. Such solutions fullyreap the benefits of Java technology like portability,reap the benefits of Java technology like portability,scalability, security and programming ease.scalability, security and programming ease.

EJB provide business logic, Servlets use EJBEJB provide business logic, Servlets use EJBcomponents to access and manipulate data on behalf ofcomponents to access and manipulate data on behalf ofMIDP clients which in turn present data to the user.MIDP clients which in turn present data to the user.

Since EJB components are designed to be reusable, anSince EJB components are designed to be reusable, an

enterprise application enabled for mobile clients canenterprise application enabled for mobile clients caneasily serve traditional desktop clients, such as Javaeasily serve traditional desktop clients, such as Javaapplets and Web browsers. The result is a trulyapplets and Web browsers. The result is a trulyaccessible enterprise: anytime, anywhere, from anyaccessible enterprise: anytime, anywhere, from anydevice.device.


34/34

THANK YOUTHANK YOU

wireless ppt

Documents