wireless power-transmission-using-microwave

Wireless Power Transmission Via Solar Power Satellite

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Let me take you to the word of FUTURE POWER

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Wireless Power TransmissionVia

Solar Power Satellite

Under the Guidance ofABUBAKAR SHAMEEZ

Lecturer, Dept of E&C Engg.BIT, Mangalore

Presenting by:

Jawad UsmanWireless Power Transmission Via Solar Power Satellite

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OUTLINEIntroduction

Working Of Wireless Power Transmission

System Design And Technologies

BASIC STRUCTURE OF SOLAR POWER

SATELLITE

Advantages And Disadvantages

Future Aspects

ConclusionsWireless Power Transmission Via Solar Power Satellite


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More than 60 percent of energy is generated using coal-fired station resulting in CO2 emission threatening the global warming.

Solar energy in space free from the weather conditions is quite different from that on the earth.

The PV cells in the SPS produce 5 to 10 % times more power at space than at ground.

INTRODUCTION


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Working of solar panel

Working Of Wireless Power TransmissionSolar Photovoltaic (PV) panels use silicon crystals, which produce an Electrical current when struck by light.

In a crystal, the bonds are made of electrons that are shared between all atoms of crystal.

The light gets absorbed by the electrons , and this electrons excited into a higher energy level .

This electron can then move around the crystal freely, which produces an electrical current.


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The liberated electrons will try to move towards anode

But, because of the crossed electric and magnetic fields, they move in a circular path

around anode. As they move in a circular path they pass the cavities of the anode.

The cavities thus resonate and emit microwave radiations. Hence, in this way the microwaves

are collected from the one end of the magnetron.

Working Of MAGNETRON


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Transmitting antennas

The microwave power source generates microwave power and the output power is controlled by electronic control circuits.

The waveguide circulator which protects the microwave source from reflected power is connected with the microwave power source through the coax- waveguide adaptor.

The tuner matches the impedance between the transmitting antenna and the microwave source. The transmitting antenna radiates the power uniformly through free space to the rectenna.

Microwave power source

Waveguide

circulator and

adaptor

Tuner TransmittingAntenna

Transmitting And Receiving Antennas


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Receiving Antennas

The received power is converted into DC power by filters and schottky diode.

In the receiving section the receiving section of ground based model, a horn antenna be used for a microwave band above 1 GHz.

Waveguide and

adaptor

Impedance

Matching and Filter

Circuit

ReceivingAntenna

Load


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SYSTEM DESIGN

The SSP system is composed of a space segment and a ground power receiving site .Space segment consists of mainly three parts:

1) Solar energy collector to convert the solar energy into DC (direct current) electricity

2) DC-to-microwave converter. 3) Large antenna array to beam the microwave power to the ground.

SYSTEM DESIGN AND TECHNOLOGIES


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Spacetenna and Ground side Rectenna Sizing Criteria

The relationship between spacetenna diameter (D1), rectenna diameter (D2), wavelength (ë) and spacetenna to rectenna distance (H) is given by

(D1*D2)/

(e*H)=2.8Coherent Microwaves

D1D2=2KλH

λ = 12.24 cm (2.45 GHz) K = 1.4 (typically)H = 37,000 km (GEO)

D1

D2

H

For D1 = 1km D2 = 12km

D1D2=12.7(GEO)


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sun

ReceivingSatellite

Day Side

RelaySatellite

TransmittingSatellite

Night Side

ReceivingSolar Earth

Station

TransmittingSolar Earth

Station

MicrowaveBeam

GEO36000km

Solar Power Model Based On Mutual Collaboration


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LOCATION OF SOLAR POWER SATELLITE (SPS)The first concept is proposed to place it in GEO (Geostationary Earth Orbit, 36000 km).

Major drawback of this model was huge launch cost to place such a large size station in GEO.

Later on SPS (Solar Power Satellite) Model, to place space segment in an equatorial LEO (Low Earth Orbit) at an altitude of 1100 km to reduce the launch cost.

The solar collector can be either photovoltaic cells or a solar thermal turbine.


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ADVANTAGESRemove physical infrastructure “Grids and Towers”.

Cost effective (Remove cost of towers and cables).

During rain and after natural disaster it is often hard to manage cables and towers so it removes this.

Losses during transmission and distribution can be removed.

Microwaves (electricity) are more environments friendly. It does not involve emission of carbon gases.

Zero fuel cost.

ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES


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Biological effects due to the high frequency microwave signals is the first demerit of this technology.

High initial expenditure cost.

The transmission of electric current through this mode is susceptible to security risks like cyber war fare.

Disadvantages


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FUTURE ASPECTSThe frequency of beamed radiation is to be at 2.45 GHz and this frequency is used by communication satellites also.

Large-scale transportation and robotics for the construction of large-scale structures in space include the other major fields of technologies requiring further developments.

Power-Generating Solar Satellite Inhabitant.

To store electricity during off peak demand hours.


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CONCLUSIONSThe solar powered satellite transmitting power to the earth wirelessly is expected to be the central attraction of space and technology in coming decades.

The use of solar cells in space achieves 24 hour sunlight and are unaffected by atmosphere and clouds.

The power generated is estimated to be approximately 3 to 4 times more that that can be produced on ground.


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AnyTHANK YOU


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REFERENCES[1] A. A. Nimje, S. M. Ali, “Solar Power Connectivity Using Transmission Superhighway: Smart Grid”, International Congress on Renewable Energy, 2010 [ICORE 2010], Tradeshow, Chandigarh, India, 01-03 December 2010.

[2] “www.cea.nic.in/reports/yearly/lgbr_report.pdf”, Central Electricity Authority of India.

[3] Geoffrey A. Landis, “Solar Power from Space: Separating Speculation from Reality” XXIth Space Photovoltaic

Research and Technology Conference (SPRAT-2009), Cleveland, OH, October 6-8 2009.

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