winter college on optics: trends in laser development and...
TRANSCRIPT
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2443-7
Winter College on Optics: Trends in Laser Development and Multidisciplinary Applications to Science and Industry
U. Morgner
4 - 15 February 2013
University of Hannover Germany
Pulse characterization
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Herrmann/Wilhelmi: Lasers for Ultrashort Light Pulses, 1987
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1960 1970
1980 1990
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mode-locked ruby Nd:Glass
flashlamp dye lasers cw mode-locked dye
pulse compression colliding pulse
Ti:sapphire mode-locked dye
< 1 ns < 10 ps
< 100 fs < 1 ps
< 10 fs pulse duration
technology
< 5 fs
source: P. Dietrich
< 1 fs
XUV-HHG
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[s] (FWHM)duration pulse[Hz] (FWHM)bandwidth spectral
productbandwidth timeTBP
2
c
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Note that the relative signs of the 2nd and 3rd-order terms are opposite for prism compressors and grating compressors.
Grating compressors offer more compression than prism compressors.
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Double-Chirped Mirror: Bragg-wavelength and coupling chirped
Air
Impedance matching
d h B /4
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calculated IAC comparison pulse
optimization of spectral phase
meas. power spectrum
measured IAC
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The Spectrogram of a waveform E(t)
We must compute the spectrum of the product: E(t) g(t-)
g(t- )E(t)
time0
The spectrogram tells the color and intensity of E(t) at the time .
g(t- ) contributes only intensity, not phase (i.e., color), to the signal pulse.
E(t) contributes phase (i.e., color),
to the signal pulse.
E(t) g(t- )
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E(t) g(t- )
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2
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E(t) |E(t- )| polarization gate E(t) E(t- )* self diffraction E(t) E(t- ) THG
E(t) E(t- ) SHG
2
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E sig (t, ) 2
.
Pulse to be measured
Nonlinear-optical process Spectrometer Camera
Obtaining E(t) from the FROG trace is equivalent to the 2D phase-retrieval problem.
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