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    United S t a t e s P a t e n tUS007156744B2

    ( 1 2 ) ( 1 0 ) P a t e n t N 0 . : US 7,156,744 B 2Metni e t a ] . ( 4 5 ) Date o f P a t e n t : J a n . 2 , 2007

    ( 5 4 ) RECIRCULATING VERTICALWIND 5 , 0 4 6 , 3 5 8 A 9 / 1 9 9 1 Wulf t a l .TUNNEL SKYDIVING SIMULATOR 5 , 2 0 9 , 7 0 2 A 5 / 1 9 9 3 A r e n a s

    5 , 4 1 7 , 6 1 5 A 5 / 1 9 9 5 B e a r d( 7 5 ) I n v e n t o r s : N . Alan M e t n i , O r l a n d o , FL ( U S ) ; 5 , 4 5 2 , 6 0 9 A 9 / 1 9 9 5 B o l l i sWilliam J _ K i t c h e n O r l a n d o FL ( U s ) ; 5 , 5 9 3 , 3 5 2 A 1 / 1 9 9 7 M e t h f e s s e l e t a l .

    K e n n e t h Mort Morgan i l l C Us); 5 , 5 9 7 , 3 5 8 A * 1 / 1 9 9 7 Marcu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 7 2 / 5 0C h a r l e s E a s t l a k e , P o r t O r a n g e , FL 5 , 6 5 5 , 9 0 9 A 8 / 1 9 9 7 K l t c h e l l 8 t 3 1 '( U S ) ; Michael P a l m e r , P o q u o s o n , VA 5 , 7 5 3 , 8 1 1 A 5 / 1 9 9 8 Consohm(Us) 5,964,666 * 10/1999 Uemura . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 472/50

    ( 7 3 ) A s s i g n e e : S k y v e n t u r e , L L C , A u s t i n , TX ( U S ) ( C o n t i n u e d )( * ) N o t i c e : S u b j e c t t o any d i s c l a i m e r , t h e t e r m o f h i s FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS

    p a t e n t i s extended o r a d j u s t e d under 35 CA 1 2 1 0 9 5 9 9 / l 9 8 6U . S . C . 1 5 4 ( b ) b y 5 4 d a y s .( 2 1 ) A p p l . N 0 . : 1 0 / 9 0 9 , 0 s s ( C o n t i n u e d )( 2 2 ) F i l e d : J u l . 3 0 , 2004 OTHER PUBLICATIONS

    M e t n i , A l a n , R e c i r c u l a t i n g V e r t i c a l Wind T u n n e l T r a i n i n g D e v i c e ( 6 5 ) P l i O l P l l b l i C ? t i O I l D a t a T h i s i s a n u n ? l e d p a t e n t s p e c i ? c a t i o n .U S 2 0 0 6 / 0 0 2 5 2 2 7 A1 F e b . 2 , 2 0 0 6 ( C o n t i n u e d )

    ( 5 1 ) I n t . C l . P r i m a r y ExamineriKien NguyenA63G 3 1 / 1 2 ( 2 0 0 6 0 1 ) ( 7 4 ) A t t o r n e y , A g e n t , o r FirmiRick M a r t i n ; P a t e n t LaW( 5 2 ) us. l . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 7 2 / 5 0 ; 4 7 2 / 6 8 ; 472/137 O?ices Of R l c k M a m n , PC58) Field of Classi?cation Search . . . . . . . . . . . . 472/59i6l,4 7 2 / 4 9 , 5 0 , 1 3 7 , 6 8 ; 4 3 4 / 2 4 7 ; 7 3 / 1 4 7 ( 5 7 ) A B S T R A C T

    S e e a p p l i c a t i o n ? l e f o r c o m p l e t e s e a r c h h i s t o r y . A e r t i c a l Wind t u n n e l ? i g h t s i m u l a t o r c o m p r i s e s a ? i g h t( 5 6 ) R e f e r e n c e s C i t e dU . S . PATENT DOCUMENTS

    2 , 4 8 6 , 2 8 7 A 1 0 / 1 9 4 9 J a c k s o n2 , 5 6 0 , 6 3 4 A 7 / 1 9 5 1 C o l l e y2 , 7 8 8 , 0 2 0 A 4 / 1 9 5 7 D a v i e , J r .2 , 7 9 9 , 1 6 1 A 7 / 1 9 5 7 Greene e t a l .2 , 9 3 3 , 9 2 2 A 4 / 1 9 6 0 D a v i s3 , 4 8 4 , 9 5 3 A 1 2 / 1 9 6 9 N o r h e i m , J r .4 , 3 0 8 , 7 4 8 A 1 / 1 9 8 2 J a c o c k s4 , 4 5 7 , 5 0 9 A 7 / 1 9 8 4 S t . Germain4 , 4 8 7 , 4 1 0 A 1 2 / 1 9 8 4 S a s s a k4 , 5 4 5 , 5 7 4 A 1 0 / 1 9 8 5 S a s s a k4 , 5 7 8 , 0 3 7 A 3 / 1 9 8 6 Macangus e t a l .4 , 7 0 0 , 5 6 5 A 1 0 / 1 9 8 7 A l b u s c h k a t

    chamber Wherein a ? i e r m a y e x p e r i e n c e a f r e e f a l l s i m u l at i o n . Air?oW t o s u p p o r t t h e ? i e r i s i n d u c e d by f a n s conn e c t e d a b o v e t h e ? i g h t chamber t h r o u g h a d u c t . A t a g i n ga r e a h a v i n g o p e n i n g s t o t h e ? i g h t chamber s a d j a c e n t t o t h e? i g h t chamber. On e o r tWo r e t u r n a i r d u c t s a r e us e d t o r e t u r na i r from t h e f a n s o u t l e t t o t h e f a n s i n l e t . Opposed l o u v e r s a r ei n c l u d e d on t l e a s t one d u c t segment t h e r e b y r e g u l a t i n g t h et e m p e r a t u r e v i a f o r c i n g a m b i e n t a i r i n t o t h e s i m u l a t o r . Theu s e o f m a n y d u c t s e g m e n t s h a v i n g d i v e r g i n g W a l l s a d d sc o m m e r c i a l v a l u e t o t h e s y s t e m b y l o W e r i n g t h e h e i g h t .Mounting components on t h e r o o f and b e h i n d W a l l s c r e a t e sa s p e c t a c u l a r p e d e s t r i a n v i e W i n g s c e n e o f p e o p l e i n ? i g h t .

    3 4 C l a i m s , 1 6 Drawing S h e e t s

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    U S 7 , 1 5 6 , 7 4 4 B2P a g e 2

    US. PATENT DOCUMENTS6 , 0 8 3 , 1 1 0 A 7 / 2 0 0 0 K i t c h e n e t a 1 .6 , 3 15 ,672 B1 11/2001 Gillot e t a l . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 472/50

    2004/0115593 A1 6 / 2 0 0 4 H a l t e s t a dFOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS

    FR 2659620 9 / 1 9 9 1FR 2843940 3/2004WO PCT/GB82/00298 1 0 / 1 9 8 2

    OTHER PUBLICATIONSDD orm 1 3 9 1 c A r m y , FY 1 9 8 5 M i l i t a r y C o n s t r u c t i o n P r o j e c t D a t a ,d a t e d D e c . 1 2 , 1 9 8 4 , F t . B r a g g , NC, T i t l e d : U n s p e c i ? e d M i n o rC o n s t r u c t i o n F r e e F a l l S i m u l a t i o n F a c i l i t y , P r o j e c t N o . T 8 9 7 .A g a r d Memorandum, P a p e r s P r e s e n t e d a t t h e S i x t h M e e t i n g o f t h eWind T u n n e l a n d Model T e s t i n g P a n e l , P a r i s F r a n c e , N o v . 6 , 1 9 5 4 , D e s i g n a n d O p e r a t i n g T e c h n i q u e s o f V e r t i c a l S p i n T u n n e l s , A . I .N e i l h o u s e , p p . 3 9 9 - 4 2 0 .A g a r d Memorandum, P a p e r s P r e s e n t e d a t t h e S i x t h M e e t i n g o f t h eWind T u n n e l a n d Model T e s t i n g P a n e l , P a r i s F r a n c e , N o v . 6 , 1 9 5 4 ,

    The V e r t i c a l S p i n n i n g T u n n e l a t t h e N a t i o n a l A e r o n a u t ic a l E s t a bl i s h m e n t , B e d f o rd , A . E . C l a r k e a n d R . L . M a l t b y , p p . 4 2 1 - 4 4 0 .G l e n L . M a r t i n Wind u n n e l , U n i v e r s i t y o f M a r y l a n d , C o l l e g e P a r k ,M a r y l a n d 2 0 7 4 2 , S o l v i n g P r o b l e m s T h r o u g h t A d v a n c e d T e c h n o lo g y , 7 p a g e s .C a l s p a n C o r p o r a t i o n , B u f f a l o , New o r k , 1 4 2 2 1 , 8 - F o o t T r a n s o n i cWind T u n n e l , C a l s p a n R e p o r t N o . WTO-300, R e v i s e d O c t . 1 9 7 1p p . 1 - 6 7 .Nasa A m e s R e s e a r c h C e n t e r , M o l f e t F i e l d , CA 4 0 3 5 , Guide f o rP l a n n i n g I n v e s t i g a t i o n s i n t h e A m e s 4 0 - b y 8 0 f t . Wind T u n n e lO p e r a t e d b y t h e Low S p e e d Wind T u n n e l I n v e s t i g a t i o n s B r a n c hFHW). R e v i s e d M a r . 1 9 8 4 , p p . 1 - 5 2 a n d A p p e n d i x A , J u n . 1 9 8 2 ,

    r e v i s e d J a n . 1 9 8 4 , p p . 1 - 4 2 ; a n d A p p e n d i x B , r e v i s e d F e b . 1 9 8 4 , p p.1 - 5 .PCT n v i t a t i o n t o P a y A d d i t i o n a l F e e s ( i n c o r r e s p o n d i n g P C T A p p l ic a t i o n ) 5 p a g e s .I n t e r n a t i o n a l s e a r c h r e p o r t a n d W r i t t e n O p i n i o n f o r c o r r e s p o n d i n gPCT a p p l i c a t i o n .* c i t e d by examiner

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    ence.

    FIELD OF THE INVENTIONThe p r e s e n t i n v e n t i o n r e l a t e s t o t h e ? e l d o f v e r t i c a l Wind

    t u n n e l s , more p a r t i c u l a r l y , t o t e m p e r a t u r e c o n t r o l l e d r e t u r n? o W v e r t i c a l Wind t u n n e l s u s e d a s s k y d i v i n g s i m u l a t o r s anda m u s e m e n t d e v i c e s .

    BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTIONW i n d t u n n e l s a r e W e l l k n o W n i n t h e a r t . W i n d t u n n e l s a r e

    a v a i l a b l e i n man y t y p e s a n d s t y l e s d e p e n d i n g upon h e n e e d sof t h e u s e r . These i n c l u d e s u b s o n i c W i n d t u n n e l s W i t h andW i t h o u t r e t u r n ?oW, t r a n s o n i c Wind t u n n e l s W i t h and W i t h o u tr e t u r n ?oW, v e r t i c a l s u b s o n i c Wind t u n n e l s W i t h and W i t h o u tr e t u r n ? o W , s u p e r s o n i c a n d h y p e r s o n i c W i n d t u n n e l s W i t ha n d W i t h o u t r e t u r n ? o W , and c o m p r e s s i b l e ? oW Wind t u nn e l s .

    The m a j o r i t y o f t h e Wind t u n n e l s a r e u s e d f o r r e s e a r c h andt e s t i n g p u r p o s e s . T h e s e i n c l u d e t e s t i n g o f c o n v e n t i o n a la i r c r a f t , h e l i c o p t e r s , p a r a c h u t e s a n d o t h e r a e r o d y n a m i cd e v i c e s , W i n g s u r f a c e s , c o n t r o l s u r f a c e s , s u b m a r i n e s , r o c ke t s a n d o t h e r l a u n c h v e h i c l e s , g r o u n d v e h i c l e s , b u i l d i n g s a n do t h e r b a s i c ?oW i n v e s t i g a t i o n s .

    H o r i z o n t a l Wind t u n n e l s ( t h o s e i n W h i c h t h e a i r i n t h e f u l ls p e e d s e c t i o n o f t h e t u n n e l ?oW g e n e r a l l y h o r i z o n t a l l y ) a r eu s e d f o r a e r o d y n a m i c r e s e a r c h a n d t e s t i n g a n d a r e g e n e r a l l yoWned b y m a j o r d e f e n s e o r i e n t e d c o r p o r a t i o n s , t h e F e d e r a lgovernment, o r e d u c a t i o n a l i n s t i t u t i o n s and u n i v e r s i t i e s .Some o f t h e s e have been c o n v e r t e d o r a d a p t e d f o r v e r t i ca lo p e r a t i o n ( i n W h i c h t h e a i r i n t h e f u l l s p e e d s e c t i o n o f t h et u n n e l ?oWs g e n e r a l l y v e r t i c a l l y ) b u t most o r a l l p e r f o r mp o o r l y i n t h a t r o l e . D e s i g n c o n s t r a i n t s t h a t a p p l y t o v e r t i c a lWind t u n n e l s u s e d f o r f r e e f a l l s i m u l a t i o n d i f f e r from t h o s e o fh o r i Z o n t a l t e s t i n g t u n n e l s . I n a v e r t i c a l Wind t u n n e l / f r e e f a l ls i m u l a t o r , i t i s i m p o r t a n t t h a t t h e o b j e c t s i n t h e f u l l s p e e ds e c t i o n o f t h e Wind t u n n e l ( i n t h i s c a s e t h e human b e i n g s i n? i g h t ) be a b l e t o mo v e a b o u t i n s i d e t h a t s e c t i o n t o e x p e r ie n c e o r p r a c t i c e human body ? i g h t . I n a h o r i Z o n t a l t e s tt u n n e l , t h e o b j e c t s p l a c e d i n t h e t u n n e l a r e u s u a l l y s t a t i co b j e c t s o b s e r v e d o r measured by o t h e r s . F o r t h i s r e a s o n , t h i sf a s t e s t p a r t of a h o r i Z o n t a l W i n d t u n n e l i s c a l l e d a t e s ts e c t i o n . I n a v e r t i c a l W i n d t u n n e l , t h i s s a m e a r e a i s i n s t e a dr e f e r r e d t o a s t h e ? i g h t chamber.

    I n a v e r t i c a l Wind u n n e l , i t i s i m p o r t a n t t h a t p e o p l e ? y i n gi n s i d e t h e t u n n e l be a l l o W e d t o r o t a t e i n and o u t o f t h e ? i g h tchamber W i t h o u t s t o p p i n g t h e a i r ? o W . I n c o n t r a s t , t h e r e i sl i t t l e need t o m o v e t h e s t a t i c o b j e c t s i n t h e t e s t s e c t i o n of ah o r i Z o n t a l W i n d t u n n e l d u r i n g i t s o p e r a t i o n . F u r t h e r m o r e ,s i n c e ? i e r s i n a v e r t i c a l W i n d t u n n e l a r e f r e e t o move bouti n s i d e ? i g h t c h a m b e r , i t i s n e c e s s a r y t o c o n s t r a i n t h e i rmov e me n t t o a p p r o p r i a t e p a r t s o f t h e s y s t e m . While i t i sp o s s i b l e t o p u t a s a f e t y n e t on b o t h t h e u p s t r e a m andd o W n s t r e a m e n d s o f t h e ? i g h t c h a m b e r , t h e s e p r o d u c e a nenormous amount o f d r a g Which c r e a t e s n o i s e and i n c r e a s e st h e poWer r e q u i r e d t o a t t a i n a n y g i v e n s p e e d . I n f a c t , s u c h ap a i r of e t s can co n s u m e a s much s 30% o 50% f h e t o t a lpoWer r e q u i r e d t o o p e r a t e s u c h a Wind t u n n e l . I t i s a l s oi m p o r t a n t t o p r e v e n t o c c u p a n t s f r o m ? y i n g l a t e r a l l y o u t s i d eo f t h e a i r column a n d f a l l i n g u n s u p p o r t e d t o t h e ? o o r b e l o W .

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    2For t h i s r e a s o n , t h e most advanced v e r t i c a l W i n d t u n n e l s a r ed e s i g n e d s u c h t h a t t h e a i r c o l u m n e x t e n d s c o m p l e t e l y f r o mone W a l l of t h e ? i g h t chamber t o t h e o t h e r . T h i s i s n o tn e c e s s a r y i n h o r i Z o n t a l Wind t u n n e l s .

    V e r t i c a l Wind t u n n e l s u s e d f o r f r e e f a l l s i m u l a t i o n o f t e nhave t o o p e r a t e i n n o i s e s e n s i t i v e environments such a sa m u s e m e n t p a r k s a n d s h o p p i n g m a l l s . H o r i Z o n t a l t e s t i n gt u n n e l s can be l o c a t e d a W a y from t h e croWds Where t h e y a r ef r e e t o make s much o i s e a s i s n e c e s s a r y .

    As amusement d e v i c e s , f r e e f a l l s i m u l a t o r s must competeWith o t h e r amusements on t h e b a s i s of p r i c e and can o f t e nbe operated on a near c o n t i n u a l b a s i s . These tWo f a c t o r smake e n e r g y e ? i c i e n c y c r i t i c a l t o s u c c e s s f u l c o m m e r c i a lo p e r a t i o n o f a f r e e f a l l s i m u l a t o r . E n e r g y e ? i c i e n c y i s muchl e s s i m p o r t a n t f o r h o r i Z o n t a l t e s t i n g t u n n e l s i n Which o n eo f t e n t a k e s h o u r s o r d a y s t o s e t up an e x p e r i m e n t and t h e no n l y r u n s t h e t u n n e l f o r a feW minutes t o c o l l e c t t h en e c e s s a r y d a t a .

    H e i g h t i s a m a j o r c o n s t r a i n t o f f r e e f a l l s i m u l a t o r s Whichs t a n d u p r i g h t a n d o f t e n must b e s i t e d i n h i g h - d e n s i t y e n t e rt a i n m e n t venues t h a t have s e v e r e h e i g h t l i m i t a t i o n s . T h i s i sn o t t r u e o f h o r i Z o n t a l t e s t i n g t u n n e l s Which s i t on t h e i r s i d eand c a n be s u c c e s s f u l l y l o c a t e d f a r a Wa y from any c r o W d s .

    F i n a l l y no knoWn p r i o r a r t h a s f o c u s e d on d e s i g n i n g t h e s es y s t e m s t o o p t i m i Z e v i s i b i l i t y t o p u b l i c s p e c t a t o r s i n as h o p p i n g m a l l o r o t h e r h i g h d e n s i t y e n t e r t a i n m e n t v e n u e .

    To m a k e a c o m m e r c i a l l y v i a b l e v e r t i c a l Wind t u n n e l f o rs k y d i v i n g s i m u l a t i o n , o n e must ( 1 ) move enough i r a n d d os o s m o o t h l y enough t o a d e q u a t e l y s i m u l a t e f r e e f a l l f o r oneo r more p e r s o n s i n t h e ? i g h t c h a m b e r ; ( 2 ) W i t h a d e v i c e t h a ti s s h o r t e n o u g h a n d q u i e t e n o u g h t o b e l o c a t e d W h e r e l a r g en u m b e r s o f p o t e n t i a l c u s t o m e r s t e n d t o b e ; a n d , ( 3 ) a t poWerc o n s u m p t i o n l e v e l s l o W e n o u g h t o make t h e p r i c e o f t h ee x p e r i e n c e a c c e p t a b l e t o t h e p u b l i c .

    T h e i n v e n t i v e c h a l l e n g e o f s a t i s f y i n g t h e s e c o m p e t i n gr e q u i r e m e n t s i s m e t b y t h e p r e s e n t i n v e n t i o n . H i g h a i r s p e e d sa r e r e q u i r e d a t t h e ? i g h t chamber t o ?oat one o r mor e humanb e i n g s . H o W e v e r , m o v i n g a i r t h r o u g h d u c t W o r k a t h i g hs p e e d s c r e a t e s an enormous amount of sound and h e a t andr e q u i r e s a huge amount o f p o W e r . C o n s e q u e n t l y , most m o de r n Wind t u n n e l s expand and s l o W t h e a i r j u s t doWnstream o ft h e ? i g h t chamber t o d e c r e a s e poWer c o n s u m p t i o n , n o i s eo u t p u t and h e a t g e n e r a t i o n . Doing s o c a n r e d u c e poWerc o n s u m p t i o n b y more t h a n 6 0 , a n d o n l y b y d o i n g s o W i l lv e r t i c a l Wi n d t u n n e l s become commercially v i a b l e a s e n t e rt a i n m e n t d e v i c e s o r s k y d i v i n g s i m u l a t o r s .

    HoWever, i f one expands t h e air?oW i n any s e c t i o n o f aWind t u n n e l t o o r a p i d l y , t h e ?oW i l l s e p a r a t e a n d becomet u r b u l e n t r a t h e r t h a n l a m i n a r . T h i s W i l l make t h e e n t i r es y s t e m p e r f o r m p o o r l y , i n c r e a s i n g p o W e r c o n s u m p t i o n a n dd e c r e a s i n g ?oW q u a l i t y t o t h e p o i n t t h a t t h e d e v i c e W i l l n o ta d e q u a t e l y s i m u l a t e t r u e f r e e f a l l . The t h r e s h o l d a t Which h i s? oW s e p a r a t i o n o c c u r s i n a n e x p a n d i n g d u c t i s f a i r l y W e l ld e ? n e d i n t h e l i t e r a t u r e ; i n s i m p l e t e r m s , t h e W a l l s o f s u c ha n expansion cone cannot d i v e r g e a W a y from one another a tg r e a t e r t h a n 9 * 1 2 d e g r e e s . F o r t h a t r e a s o n , i n c r e a s i n g t h el e n g t h o f h o r i Z o n t a l t e s t t u n n e l s o r t h e h e i g h t o f v e r t i c a lW i n d t u n n e l s t e n d s t o i m p r o v e e ? i c i e n c y . U n f o r t u n a t e l y ,W h i l e t h i s i s e a s i l y done f o r a h o r i Z o n t a l s y s t e m , d o i n g s o i na v e r t i c a l s y s t e m d r a m a t i c a l l y i n c r e a s e s t h e c o n s t r u c t i o n ando p e r a t i o n c o s t and r e d u c e s t h e number o f p l a c e s a t Whicho n e c a n g a i n g o v e r n m e n t a l a p p r o v a l t o b u i l d . C o n s e q u e n t l y ,m i n i m i Z i n g h e i g h t W h i l e m a x i m i Z i n g t h e e x p a n s i o n a n dd e c e l e r a t i o n o f t h e a i r ? o W doWnstream o f t h e ? i g h t chamberi s t h e k e y t o making a v e r t i c a l Wind t u n n e l c o m m e r c i a l l y

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    s u c c e s s f u l . S i m i l a r l y , c o n s t r a i n i n g t h e o c c u p a n t s t o t h e s a f ea r e a s o f t h e Wind t u n n e l W i t h o u t i n c r e a s i n g d r a g and powerc o n s u m p t i o n i s e s s e n t i a l .

    The p r i o r a r t Wind t u n n e l s do n o t o f f e r a d e s i g n t h a t i sq u i e t a n d s h o r t e n o u g h t o b e b u i l t i n h i g h d e n s i t y s h o p p i n ga n d e n t e r t a i n m e n t v e n u e s W h i l e r e m a i n i n g e ? i c i e n t enought o a l l o W c o m m e r c i a l l y v i a b l e o p e r a t i o n .

    What i s needed i s a v e r t i c a l W i n d t u n n e l a m u s e m e n t andt r a i n i n g d e v i c e h a v i n g a ? i g h t chamber on t h e i n l e t s i d e o ft h e f a n s f o r i m p r o v e d a i r ? o w , s p e e d a n d q u a l i t y , a t l o W e rp o W e r c o n s u m p t i o n a n d h i g h e r s a f e t y f o r t h e ? i e r s .

    What i s needed i s a v e r t i c a l W i n d t u n n e l a m u s e m e n t andt r a i n i n g d e v i c e h a v i n g a s e a l e d a n d p r e s s u r e b a l a n c e d s t a gi n g a r e a a d j a c e n t and c o n n e c t e d t o t h e ? i g h t chamber i n aW a y t h a t a l l o W s p e o p l e t o m o v e i n betWeen t h e tWo W i t h o u ts t o p p i n g t h e a i r ? o W .

    What i s needed i s a v e r t i c a l W i n d t u n n e l a m u s e m e n t andt r a i n i n g d e v i c e h a v i n g t r a n s p a r e n t W i n d o W s a l l o W i n g s p e ct a t o r s , i n s t r u c t o r s o r o t h e r s o u t s i d e t h e ? i g h t chamber t o s e ei n t o i t .

    What i s needed i s a v e r t i c a l W i n d t u n n e l a m u s e m e n t andt r a i n i n g d e v i c e h a v i n g a p l u r a l i t y o f s m a l l e r f a n s r a t h e r t h a na s i n g l e , more e x p e n s i v e and d i ? i c u l t t o m a i n t a i n f a n .What i s needed i s a v e r t i c a l W i n d t u n n e l a m u s e m e n t andt r a i n i n g d e v i c e having one o r more r e t u r n a i r d u c t s t oc o n s e r v e h e a t , r e d u c e e n e r g y c o n s u m p t i o n , r e d u c e n o i s e anda l l o W a l l - W e a t h e r o p e r a t i o n .

    What i s needed i s a v e r t i c a l W i n d t u n n e l a m u s e m e n t andt r a i n i n g d e v i c e having o n l y one o r tWo r e t u r n d u c t s eventhough i t m a y have a g r e a t e r number o f f a n s t h a n r e t u r nd u c t s .

    What i s needed i s a v e r t i c a l Wind t u n n e l amusement andt r a i n i n g d e v i c e h a v i n g f a n s h o u s e d i n l o W p r o ? l e c a s i n g st h a t a l l o W them t o be mounted a s c l o s e l y t o g e t h e r a s p o s s i b l es o t h a t more than one fan can be connected t o each r e t u r n a i rd u c t W i t h o u t t h e n e e d f o r l o n g t r a n s i t i o n d u c t s t h a t Wouldi n c r e a s e t h e h e i g h t o r W i d t h o f t h e e n t i r e s y s t e m .

    What i s needed i s a v e r t i c a l W i n d t u n n e l a m u s e m e n t andt r a i n i n g d e v i c e h a v i n g a p a s s i v e a i r e x c h a n g e s y s t e m t h a te j e c t s h e a t e d a i r and d r a W s i n c o o l e r a m b i e n t a i r i n o r d e r t omost e ? i c i e n t l y c o n t r o l t h e t e m p e r a t u r e i n s i d e t h e Windt u n n e l .

    What i s needed i s a v e r t i c a l W i n d t u n n e l a m u s e m e n t andt r a i n i n g d e v i c e h a v i n g a p a s s i v e a i r e x c h a n g e s y s t e m t h ecomponents of Which form a n o Z Z l e o r ?oW c o n t a c t i o nt h a t n o t o n l y m e c h a n i c a l l y e j e c t s t h e a i r f r o m i n s i d e t h e Windt u n n e l b u t a l s o c r e a t e s t h e p r o p e r p r e s s u r e g r a d i e nt betWeent h e i n s i d e and o u t s i d e o f t h e Wind t u n n e l a n d t h e r e b ye n c o u r a g e s t h e e f f i c i e n t e x c h a n g e o f a i r betWeen t h e Windt u n n e l and t h e a m b i e n t a i r .

    What i s needed i s a v e r t i c a l W i n d t u n n e l a m u s e m e n t andt r a i n i n g d e v i c e h a v i n g a mesh ? o o r made o f s p e c i a l l yd e s i g n e d c a b l e s t h a t p r o d u c e l e s s d r a g a n d , t h e r e f o r e , l e s sn o i s e t h a n c o n v e n t i o n a l c a b l e s .

    What i s needed i s a v e r t i c a l W i n d t u n n e l a m u s e m e n t andt r a i n i n g d e v i c e h a v i n g a t l e a s t o n e Z e r o - d r a g e l e c t r o n i cupper b a r r i e r i n s t e a d of a p h y s i c a l n e t t o p r e v e n t ? i e r s fromm o v i n g t o o h i g h i n t h e ? i g h t c h a m b e r a n d q u i c k l y modul a t i n g t h e s p e e d o f t h e a i r t o b r i n g them b a c k doWn o a n dhold them a t a s a f e l e v e l .

    What i s needed i s a v e r t i c a l W i n d t u n n e l a m u s e m e n t andt r a i n i n g d e v i c e h a v i n g t h e l o W e s t p o s s i b l e t o t a l h e i g h t f o ra n y g i v e n e ? i c i e n c y i n o r d e r t o r e d u c e c o n s t r u c t i o n c o s t sand meet common governmental c o n s t r a i n t s on b u i l d i n gh e i g h t .

    What i s needed i s a v e r t i c a l W i n d t u n n e l a m u s e m e n t andt r a i n i n g d e v i c e o p t i m i Z e d f o r h e i g h t b y h a v i n g m o s t o r a l l o f

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    4t h e c o m p o n e n t s d o W n s t r e a m o f t h e ? i g h t c h a m b e r e x p a n dt h e a i r a s r a p i d l y a s p o s s i b l e W i t h o u t c r e a t i n g ? oW s e p a r at i o n .

    Wha t i s needed i s a v e r t i c a l W i n d t u n n e l a m u s e m e n t andt r a i n i n g d e v i c e o p t i m i Z e d f o r h e i g h t b y p r o v i d i n g a no p t i o n a l ? i g h t chamber i n Which t h e a i r i s e x p a n d e d a s mucha s p o s s i b l e W i t h o u t c r e a t i n g s e p a r a t i o n a s i t p a s s e s t h r o u g ht h e ? i g h t chamber s e c t i o n o r a ? i g h t chamber t h a t i s a c t u a l l ys h a p e d l i k e a d i f f u s e r .

    Wha t i s needed i s a v e r t i c a l W i n d t u n n e l a m u s e m e n t andt r a i n i n g d e v i c e o p t i m i Z e d f o r h e i g h t a n d o v e r a l l s i Z e b ymounting t h e f a n s i n c o n i c a l d u c t s t h a t t h e m s e l v e s a c t a s d i ? u s e r s .

    Wha t i s needed i s a v e r t i c a l W i n d t u n n e l a m u s e m e n t andt r a i n i n g d e v i c e t h a t a l l o W s i n s t a l l a t i o n c o n ? g u r a t i o n s W h i c ho p t i m i Z e s p e c t a t o r v i e W i n g a r e a s o f t h e ? i e r s t o p e d e s t r i a n si n a s h o p p i n g m a l l .

    The p r e s e n t i n v e n t i o n m e e t s t h e s e n e e d s .SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

    An s p e c t o f t h e p r e s e n t i n v e n t i o n i s t o p r o v i d e a v e r t i c a lWind t u n n e l amusement d e v i c e h a v i n g a ? i g h t chambers i t u a t e d on t h e i n l e t s i d e of a p l u r a l i t y of f a n s Which a r e i nt u r n c o n n e c t e d t o a p l u r a l i t y o f e x p a n d i n g r e t u r n a i r d u c t s ,t h e r e b y m a x i m i z i n g e ? i c i e n c y W h i l e m i n i m i Z i n g t h e h e i g h tof t h e a m u s e m e n t d e v i c e .

    Another a s p e c t o f t h e p r e s e n t i n v e n t i o n i s t o p r o v i d e av e r t i c a l Wind t u n n e l h a v i n g a ? i g h t chamber on h e i n l e t s i d eo f t h e f a n s f o r i m p r o v e d a i r ? o W s p e e d a n d q u a l i t y , a t l o W e rp o W e r c o n s u m p t i o n a n d h i g h e r s a f e t y f o r t h e ? i e r s .

    A n o t h e r a s p e c t o f t h e p r e s e n t i n v e n t i o n i s t o p r o v i d e av e r t i c a l Wind t u n n e l h a v i n g a t W o - s t a g e s t a g i n g a r e a a d j ac e n t and connected o t h e ? i g h t chamber i n a W a y t h a t a l l o W sp e o p l e t o mo v e i n betWeen t h e tWo W i t h o u t s t o p p i n g t h ea i r ? o W .

    Another a s p e c t o f t h e p r e s e n t i n v e n t i o n i s t o p r o v i d e av e r t i c a l W i n d t u n n e l h a v i n g t r a n s p a r e n t W i n d o W s a l l o W i n gs p e c t a t o r s , i n s t r u ct o r s o r o t h e r s o u t s i d e t h e ? i g h t chamber t os e e i n t o i t , i n c l u d i n g i n a s h o p p i n g m a l l v e n u e .

    Another a s p e c t o f t h e p r e s e n t i n v e n t i o n i s t o p r o v i d e av e r t i c a l Wind u n n e l h a v i n g a p l u r a l i t y o f s m a l l e r f a ns a n g l e di n a n o n - p a r a l l e l a l i g n m e n t r a t h e r t h a n a s i n g l e , moree x p e n s i v e a n d d i ? i c u l t t o m a i n t a i n f a n .

    Another a s p e c t o f t h e p r e s e n t i n v e n t i o n i s t o p r o v i d e av e r t i c a l W i n d t u n n e l having one o r more r e t u r n a i r d u c t s t oc o n s e r v e h e a t , r e d u c e e n e r g y c o n s u m p t i o n , r e d u c e n o i s e anda l l o W a l l - W e a t h e r o p e r a t i o n .

    Another a s p e c t o f t h e p r e s e n t i n v e n t i o n i s t o p r o v i d e av e r t i c a l W i n d t u n n e l having o n l y one o r tWo r e t u r n d u c t seve n though t m a y have a g r e a t e r n u m b er of a n s t h a n r e t u r nd u c t s .

    Another a s p e c t o f t h e p r e s e n t i n v e n t i o n i s t o p r o v i d e av e r t i c a l Wind t u n n e l h a v i n g f a n s h o u s e d i n l o W p r o ? l e ,d i f f u s i n g c a s i n g s t h a t a l l o W them t o b e mounted a s c l o s e l yt o g e t h e r a s p o s s i b l e s o t h a t more than one fan can bec o n n e c t e d t o e a c h r e t u r n a i r d u c t W i t h o u t t h e need f o r l o n gt r a n s i t i o n d u c t s t h a t Would i n c r e a s e t h e h e i g h t o r W i d t h o ft h e e n t i r e s y s t e m .

    Another a s p e c t o f t h e p r e s e n t i n v e n t i o n i s t o p r o v i d e av e r t i c a l Wind t u n n e l h a v i n g a p a s s i v e a i r e x c h a n g e s y s t e mW i t h a d j u s t a b l e i n l e t / o u t l e t d o o r s t h a t m e c h a n i c a l l y e j e c t sh e a t e d a i r from t h e s y s t e m and draW i n c o o l e r a m b i e n t a i r i no r d e r t o most e ? i c i e n t l y c o n t r o l t h e t e m p e r a t u r e i n s i d e t h eWind t u n n e l W i t h minimal e x t r a Work by t h e f a n s

    Another a s p e c t o f t h e p r e s e n t i n v e n t i o n i s t o p r o v i d e av e r t i c a l Wind t u n n e l i n Which t h e a d j u s t a b l e i n l e t / o u t l e t

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