wind energy lecture 01
DESCRIPTION
Wind PowerTRANSCRIPT
-
5/21/2018 Wind Energy Lecture 01
1/30
-
5/21/2018 Wind Energy Lecture 01
2/30
Wind Energy
ESE-817
Centre for Energy Systems-Centre for Advance Studies in Energy
CES-CAS
National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad
-
5/21/2018 Wind Energy Lecture 01
3/30
HISTORY OF WIND POWER
500 B.C
1000 A.D
1300 - 1850 A.D 19thCentury
20thCentury(USA)
20thCentury(Danish) European Development
-
5/21/2018 Wind Energy Lecture 01
4/30
HISTORY OF WIND POWER
500 B.C
1000 A.D
1300 - 1850 A.D 19thCentury
20thCentury(USA)
20thCentury(Danish) European Development
-
5/21/2018 Wind Energy Lecture 01
5/30
500 B.C
The development ofsail boats led directly
to the development of
the first recordedwind powered device
in Persia (the Middle
East)
-
5/21/2018 Wind Energy Lecture 01
6/30
500 B.C
Sails were used
to drive a mill
stone for the
grinding of
grain. These
were seen first in
Persia, 500 BC.
-
5/21/2018 Wind Energy Lecture 01
7/30
Persian Wind mill
500 B.C
-
5/21/2018 Wind Energy Lecture 01
8/30
500 B.C
In China, alsosails were used to
grind grains or
for irrigation
-
5/21/2018 Wind Energy Lecture 01
9/30
500 B.C
Some versions were
also used to pump
water for drinking
water and for simple
irrigation of
agricultural land.
-
5/21/2018 Wind Energy Lecture 01
10/30
HISTORY OF WIND POWER
500 B.C
1000 A.D
1300 - 1850 A.D 19thCentury
20thCentury(USA)
20thCentury(Danish) European Development
-
5/21/2018 Wind Energy Lecture 01
11/30
1000 A.D.
As sails developed,
wind powered devices
became even more
powerful.
The device on the right
was very common
around this time.
-
5/21/2018 Wind Energy Lecture 01
12/30
1000 A.D.
Postmill The post mill consists of
a timber support holdingthe vertical central post
around which the boxlikebuck (i.e. the mill house)turns on a pivot.
Using a tail pole, the
buck together with therotor was oriented intothe wind.
-
5/21/2018 Wind Energy Lecture 01
13/30
HISTORY OF WIND POWER
500 B.C
1000 A.D
1300 - 1850 A.D
19thCentury
20thCentury(USA)
20th
Century(Danish) European Development
-
5/21/2018 Wind Energy Lecture 01
14/30
1300 - 1850 A.D
This type of windmilldesign became familiarin Europe between 1300and 1850 AD.
The windmill design ismuch more like thetraditional windmills wesee even today
It was designedparticularly for the largescale milling of grain
-
5/21/2018 Wind Energy Lecture 01
15/30
1300 - 1850 A.D
Tower Mill
In Southern Europe, the post
mill did not gain popularity
Mostly used for irrigation
1stdocumented in 13thcentury
-
5/21/2018 Wind Energy Lecture 01
16/30
1300 - 1850 A.D
In 15thcentury used in
Holland
It was 1stknown
attempt for water
pumping / Drainage
Later on, it was
modified for garin
grinding
-
5/21/2018 Wind Energy Lecture 01
17/30
1300 - 1850 A.D
Section of a
Wipmolen
-
5/21/2018 Wind Energy Lecture 01
18/30
1300 - 1850 A.D
Dutch smock mill
1. Fantail
2. Gear wheel with brake
3. Gear for cap rotation
4. Rollers
5. Wallower6. Main shaft
7. Sack hoist
8. Great spur wheel
9. Spindle drive
10. Millstone crane
11. Millworks with chute
12. Brake chain
13. Stone adjustment
14. Flour chute
-
5/21/2018 Wind Energy Lecture 01
19/30
1300 - 1850 A.D
Sketch of a
gallery windmill
-
5/21/2018 Wind Energy Lecture 01
20/30
HISTORY OF WIND POWER
500 B.C
1000 A.D
1300 - 1850 A.D
19thCentury
20thCentury(USA)
20th
Century(Danish) European Development
-
5/21/2018 Wind Energy Lecture 01
21/30
19th Century
In the USA wind powered devices likethe one shown in the illustration weredeveloped to pump water.
These were especially functional inbone-dry areas where deep wells wereessential to find drinking water
In the 1800s, the Halladay windmillwas very trendy with thousands made.
This basic design was reliable and was
used even up to the 1940s. A large version of this design had
rotors (propellers) of 18 meters inlength.
-
5/21/2018 Wind Energy Lecture 01
22/30
HISTORY OF WIND POWER
500 B.C
1000 A.D
1300 - 1850 A.D
19thCentury
20thCentury(USA)
20th
Century(Danish) European Development
-
5/21/2018 Wind Energy Lecture 01
23/30
20th Century(USA)
First Use of Wind for Large-Scale
Generation of Electricity
With the development of
electrical power, scientists andtechnologists developed ways of
producing electricity through the
use of wind generators (also
known as turbines).
-
5/21/2018 Wind Energy Lecture 01
24/30
20th Century(USA)
In the 1930s one of the largestexperimental machines, called the
Palmer-Putnam machine was first
used
This was capable of producing 1.25megawatts of electricity.
However, due to the materials
available at the time, its effectiveness
was reduced to a great extent and
made the machine hard to maintain.
It had 50 meter rotors which were
large compared to other designs.
-
5/21/2018 Wind Energy Lecture 01
25/30
HISTORY OF WIND POWER
500 B.C
1000 A.D
1300 - 1850 A.D
19thCentury
20thCentury(USA)
20th
Century(Danish) European Development
-
5/21/2018 Wind Energy Lecture 01
26/30
20th Century(Danish)
After the Second World War thehunt for efficient wind power
generators (turbines) restarted.
In Denmark the Gedser WindTurbinewas created and operated
until the mid 1960s. This was 200
Kilowatt machine.
The rotors had a set pitch (angle)
to catch the wind more efficiently.
20 C ( i )
-
5/21/2018 Wind Energy Lecture 01
27/30
The main body of the device was
built in a similar way to that of thebody of an airplane.
Airplane technology was applied
successfully to the device making itthe most efficient device of its time.
However, progress in thegeneration of electricity through
wind power was sluggish in the1950s and 1960s.
This was because fossil fuels wererelatively cheap.
20th Century(Danish)
-
5/21/2018 Wind Energy Lecture 01
28/30
HISTORY OF WIND POWER
500 B.C
1000 A.D
1300 - 1850 A.D
19thCentury
20thCentury(USA)
20th
Century(Danish) European Development
E D l
-
5/21/2018 Wind Energy Lecture 01
29/30
European Development
Throughout the 1960s, ProfessorUlrich Hutter, a Germantechnologist, designed a numberof wind generators that usedmodern materials such as
fiberglass and plastic. The lighter materials meant that
the device could operate inlighter winds, generatingelectricity.
Slowly but surely, wind poweredturbines were beginning to lookeconomic to build and maintain.
-
5/21/2018 Wind Energy Lecture 01
30/30
Due mainly to the fast rise in oil prices throughout the
late 1970s and 1980s,&
The fact that using fossil fuels to produce electricity
causes pollution,Which can damage the environment and cause globalwarming,
The development of wind generators (turbines)
ACCELERATED!!!