william i. wei 韋霖
TRANSCRIPT
William I. Wei 韋霖MBBS, MS, FRCS, FRCSE, FRACS (Hon),
FHKAM (Surg), FHKAM (ORL)
Stephen W.K. Cheng 鄭永強MBBS, MS, FRCSE, FACS, FHKAM (Surg)
Anthony Ng 吳崇文MD, MPH, FRCSE
Hong Kong University Press
The University of Hong Kong
Pokfulam Road
Hong Kong
www.hkupress.org
© 2008 Hong Kong University Press
ISBN 978-962-209-952-4 (Paperback)
All rights reserved. No portion of this publication may be reproduced or
transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including
photocopy, recording, or any information storage or retrieval system, without
prior permission in writing from the publisher.
British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
10 9 8 7 6 5
Printed and bound by Hang Tai Printing Co., Ltd. in Hong Kong, China
Contents
Foreword to the Fourth Edition vii
Preface to the Fourth Edition ix
Preface to the First Edition xi
Acknowledgements xiii
1. General �� ! 1
2. Eye � 15
3. Ear, Nose and Throat =�� �! 21
4. Endocrine/Metabolism �� L�� ! 27
5. Skin/Breast==��L�� 35
6. Circulatory System �� ! 43
7. Respiratory System �� ! 53
8. Digestive System �� ! 59
9. Urinary/Male Genital System �� !"#$%& 71
10. Female Genital System/Obstetrics �� !"#$%& 79
11. Paediatrics �� 87
12. Haematological and Lymphatic System �� !"#$ 95
13. Neurological System �� ! 101
14. Musculo-Skeletal System �� ! 111
15. Psychiatry �� 127
16. Dentistry �� 133
Appendix I A. Anaesthesia �� 143B. Community Medicine �� ! 144
Appendix II A. Artery and Vein==�� 147B. Nerves =�� 152C. Bones==�� 153D. Joints �� 155E. Muscles � 156
Appendix III A. Laboratory Tests �� 161
B. Special Investigations �� ! 165
C. Radiological Tests �� ! 166
Appendix IV Instruments==�� 169
Appendix V A. Abbreviations �� 171B. Prefixes/Suffixes==�� !� 172
vi Contents
General 1
1 General �� !
abrasion ��
abscess �� !"
acquired ��
acquired immunodeficiencysyndrome (AIDS)��� !"#$%&�� !�
acute ��
addiction ��
adenoma ��
adhesion ��
adrenergic �� !"
aggravating factor �� !
agitated �� !"#$
agonist ��
airway �� !"#$
albumin ��
allergy �� !"#$%&
alleviating factor �� !
allograft �� !
anaesthesia, anesthesia�� ��!
anaesthesiology/anaesthesiologist�� /�� !"
analgesic ��
anaplastic �� !"#
anatomy/anatomist�� /�� !
anorexia �� !"#$
antagonist ��
anterior �
2 General
antibiotic �� !�" #
antihelminthic ��
antihistamine�� !"#�$%"&
anti-inflammatory drug��
antileprosy drug ��
antimalarial drug ��
antineoplastic drug ��
antipyretic drug ��
antiseptic �� !"#$%
antituberculous drug�� !"
appendage ��
arterial blood gas �� !"
atresia ��
atrophy ��
auscultation ��
autoantibody �� !
autograft �� !
autonomic nervous system�� !"#
autonomic nervous system,parasympathetic�� !"#$%&
autonomic nervous system,sympathetic�� !"#$%
bacteria ��
basal metabolic rate (BMR)�� !"#$
benign ��
bilateral ��
biochemistry/biochemist�� !"#/�� !
bionics �� !"#�$%
biopsy �� !"
blood bank ��
blood pressure ��
blood pressure, diastolic�� !
blood pressure, systolic�� !
blood transfusion ��
blunt �
body build ��
body weight ��
buffer ��
cachexia ��
calcification ��
calcium �
carbohydrate �� !"
carbon dioxide �� !
carbon monoxide �� !
Eye 15
2abrasion ��
accommodation �� !�"
amblyopia ��
anisocoria �� !
aphakia �� !
aqueous humour�� !"#$�
astigmatism ��
blepharitis �� !
blepharon ��
canthus ��
cataract �� !"#$
cataract, junvenile �� !"
cataract, mature �� !"
cataract, senile �� !"
cataract, traumatic�� !"#
chalazion (internalhordeolum) �� !
chamber, anterior ��
chamber, posterior ��
choroid ��
cilia ��
ciliary body ��
colour blindness ��
conjunctiva ��
contact lens �� !�� !"#
Eye �
16 Eye
contusion / eye contusion��
cornea ��
cornea abrasion �� !"
cornea transplant �� !"
cornea ulcer �� !
cryosurgery �� !
cycloplegia �� !"
dacryocystitis, chronic�� !"
dark adaptation ��
dendritic ulcer �� !"
diplopia �� !"#
disc, optic ��
discharge ��
ectropion �� !
electroretinography�� !"
enophthalmos �� !
entropion �� !
enucleation �� !"
epicanthus �� !
epiphora �� �!"#$
exophthalmos �� !" �#
extra-ocular movement�� !"
eye drops ��
eye pad ��
eyeball ��
eyebrow ��
eyelash ��
eyelid ��
fornix ��
fracture, blow out �� !
fundus ��
glaucoma �� �� !"#$%&'
glaucoma, narrow angle�� !"
glaucoma, open angle�� !"
globe ��
haemorrhage, punctate�� !
haemorrhage, subconjunctival�� !"
hemianopia ��
hordeolum ��
hypermetropia (farsightedness) ��
hyphema �� !"
Ear, Nose and Throat 21
acoustic neuroma �� !"
adenoid ��
adenoidectomy �� !"#
ala nasi ��
ameloblastoma(adamantinoma)�� !"#
antehelix ��
agraphia (dysgrapahia) ��
alaryngeal speech �� !
alexia (dyslexia) ��
aphasia (dysphasia) ��
apraxia (dyspraxia) ��
articulation disorder �� !
artificial larynx �� !
arytenoid �� !
audiogram �� !"
audiometry �� !"
auditory training �� !
aural rehabilitation �� !
auricle ��
autism ��
babbling ���
bilingualism �� !
biopsy �� !"
branchia �
branchial abscess ��
branchial cyst ��
branchial fistula ��
buccal mucosa ��
buccal speech ��
Ear, Nose and Throat
�� �!3
22 Ear, Nose and Throat
Caldwell Luc operation�� !"��#$%&!'
carcinoma, alveolus ��
carcinoma, larynx ��
carcinoma, tongue ��
carcinoma, tonsillar fossa�� !
carotid body tumour�� !"
cartilage ��
catarrh ��
cerumen ��
cheek ��
cheilosis ��
choanal atresia �� !"
cholesteatoma ��
cleft lip ��
cleft palate ��
cochlea ��
cochlear implant �� !
combined resection�� !"
conduction ��
conduction, air �� !
conduction, bone ��
consonant ��
contact ulcer �� !"
cord thickening �� !
coryza ��
cystic hygroma�� !"#$
deafness �
decongestant �� !
deviated septum �� !"
diplophonia ��
dizziness �� �!
dysphagia �� !"#
dysarthria ��
ear drum ��
ear, external ��
ear, inner ��
ear lobule ��
echolalia �� !"
edentulous ��
electro-laryngeal speech�� !"
electronic larynx
���� !"#$
endotracheal tube �� �
epiglottis ��
epistaxis ��
epulis ��
Eustachian tube�� �� !"
Endocrine/Metabolism 27
4ablation �� !"
acetone ��
acidosis �� !
acromegaly �� !"
Addison's crisis �� !"#
Addison's disease �� !"
adenocarcinoma ��
adenohypophysis �� !"
adenoma ��
adolescence ��
adrenal ��
adrenal cortex �� !"
adrenal cortical trophichormone (ACTH)�� !"#$
adrenal corticosteroids�� !"#
adrenal medulla �� !"
adrenalectomy �� !"#
adrenaline �� !
aldosterone ��
alkalosis ��
amine precursor uptakedecarboxylase (APUD)�� !"#$
amino acid ��
amyloidosis �� !"
angiotensin �� !"
antidiuretic hormone ��
autoantibody �� !
Endocrine/Metabolism
�� /�� !
28 Endocrine/Metabolism
basal metabolic rate (BMR)�� !"#$
body weight ��
calciferol ��
calcitonin ��
calcium �
carbohydrate �� !"
carcinoid syndrome�� !"
central venous catheter�� !"#
central venous pressure�� !"
cholecystokinin �� !
cholesterol ��
Conn's syndrome�� !"#$%
constipation ��
control �� !"
corticosteroid �� !"#
cretinism ��
Cushing's disease�� !"#$%&
deficiency �� !"
dehydration �� !�
diabetes insipidus ��
diabetes mellitus ��
diarrhoea, diarrhea�� !"#
diet �� !�
dietetics/dietitian, dietician�� /�� !
dwarfism ��
ectopic ��
empty sella syndrome�� !"#
endogenous ��
enzyme �
excess �� �!
exophthalmos �� !
fatigue ��
fatty acid ��
feedback ��
feminization ��
follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH) �� !
fructose ��
galactorrhoea ��
gastric acid analysis �� !
gastrin �� !
Skin/Breast 35
5a-v malformation �� !"
abscess ��
acanthosis nigricans �� !
acne �� !"#$%�&
adjuvant therapy ��
AIDS �� !"#$%&'(�� !"
albinism ��
alopecia �� !
alopecia areata �� !"#$
alopecia totalis ��
alopecia universalis�� !"
amyloidosis �� !"
angioma ��
antibiotic �� !�" #
antihistamine�� !"#�$%"&
antiseptic �� !"#$%
atrophy ��
atypical ductal hyperplasia�� !"#$
autoimmune disease�� !"
balanitis ��
basal cell carcinoma�� !"
bedsore ��
beriberi ��
blister ��
BRCA gene mutationBRCA �� !
Skin/Breast ��/��
36 Skin/Breast
breast abscess �� !
breast ��
breast abscess �� !
breast carcinoma, intraductal�� !"
breast carcinoma, lobular�� !"
breast conserving surgery�� !"#$%&'�� !"#
breast lump �� !
bruise �� !
bulla ��
burn �� !�
candidiasis �� !
carbuncle �
chancre �� !"#!$
chancroid ��
chlamydia ��
chemotherapy �� !"#
chicken pox ��
chloasma �� !"# $
chilblain ��
collagen ��
collagen disease �� !
comedone ��
condyloma acuminatum�� !
condyloma lata �� !
connective tissue �� !
core biopsy�� !"#$%&
corns �
corticosteroid �� !"#
crack �
cream �� !"
crust �
dandruff �� !��"
dermabrasion �� !
dermatitis ��
dermatitis, allergic�� !"#
dermatitis, contact�� !"#
dermatitis, exfoliative�� !"#
dermatitis herpetiformis �� !"#
dermatofibroma �� !"
dermatomyositis ��
dermis ��
DCIS �� !"
DIEP flap reconstruction�� !"#$%
ductal ectasia �� !
ductogram �� !"
Circulatory System 43
Circulatory System �� !
abdominal aortic aneurysm�� !"
above knee amputation�� !"#$
acute cardia tamponade�� !"#
acute heart failure �� !"�� !"#$%&
amputation ��
aneurysm�� !�� "#$%
aneurysm, aortic �� !
aneurysm, cerebral artery�� !"
aneurysm, dissecting�� !"#
aneurysm, false �� !"
aneurysm, mycotic �� !"�� !
aneurysm, ruptured�� !"
aneurysm, thoracoabdominal�� !"
aneurysm sinus of Valsalva��� !"
aneurysmectomy�� !"#
angina pectoris ��
angiogram/arteriogram�� !
angiogram, abdominal aorta�� !"#
angiogram, aortic arch�� !"#
6
44 Circulatory System
angiogram, carotid�� !"
angiogram, cerebral�� !"
angiogram, femoral�� !"
angiogram, translumbar�� !"#$
angioplasty �� !"
angioscopy �� !"
annuloplasty �� !"
anticoagulant ��
anticoagulation ��
antihypertensive drug�� !"
aorta ��
aortic dissection (Dissectinganeurysm) ��
aortitis �� !
arrhythmia �� !�"�� !
arteriole ��
arteriosclerosis �� !
arteriovenous fistula �� !arteriovenous shunting�� !"#
arteriovenous malformation�� !"
arteritis ��
artery ��
artery, brachial ��
artery, brachiocephalic(innominate) �� !�� !"#
artery, carotid, common�� !
artery, carotid, external�� !
artery, carotid, internal�� !
artery, cerebral �� !
artery, coeliac �� !
artery, coronary �� !
artery, digital �� !"#
artery, femoral, common�� !
artery, femoral, profunda�� !
artery, femoral, superficial�� !
artery, gastric ��
artery, hepatic ��
artery, iliac, common�� !
artery, iliac, external �� !
artery, iliac, internal �� !
artery, mesenteric, inferior�� !"#
Respiratory System 53
7abscess �� !"
acid-base balance �� !
adrenaline �� !
acute respiratory distresssyndrome�� !"#$%&
aerosol ��
airway �� !"#$
allergy �� !"#$%
alveolus ��
antibiotic �� !�" #
arterial blood gas �� !"
asbestosis ��
aspergillosis ��
asphyxia ��
aspiration ��
asthma ��
asthma, extrinsic �� !"
asthma, intrinsic �� !"
asthmaticus, status�� !"#
atelectasis �� !"
atopic �� !"#
auscultation ��
bifurcation ��
biopsy �� !"#�!$
biopsy, lung�� !"#$��"%
biopsy, pleura�� !"#$%�� #&
bronchiectasis �� !"
Respiratory System �� !
54 Respiratory System
bronchial challenge�� !"#$
bronchiole �� !
bronchiolitis �� !"
bronchitis �� !
bronchodilator �� !"#
bronchogenic cyst �� !"
bronchogram �� !"
bronchopleural fistula�� !"#
bronchoscopy �� !"#
bronchospasm �� !"
bronchus ��
bullae ��
carbon monoxide poisoning�� !"#
carcinoma, lung ��
chest drain �� !
chest pain ��
chronic bronchitis�� !"#
chronic obstructivepulmonary disease (COPD)�� !"#$
chyle ��
chylothorax�� !"#!"�$
cilia ��
clavicle ��
clubbing of fingers ��
collapse, lung ��
compliance ��
computerized axialtomography (CAT)�� !"#$
continuous positive airwaypressure (CPAP)�� !"#$
cor pulmonale�� !"#$� !#%
coronavirus �� !
corticosteroid �� !"#
costal cartilage ��
costophrenic angle ��
cough �� !
crepitation �� !"#
cyanosis �� �!
cytology �� !��"#
cytology, exfoliative�� !"#
decortication �� !"
desensitization �� !"
diaphragm ��
diaphragmatic hernia�� !
Digestive System 59
8ααααα-fetoprotein �� !
24 hr pH monitoring 24
�� !"#
abdominal perineal resectionof rectum �� !"#$
abdominal wall ��
abdominal X-ray �� X �
abscess ��
abscess, appendicular�� !
abscess, intrahepatic�� !"
abscess, ischiorectal�� !"#
abscess, pancreatic �� !"
abscess, pelvic �� !
abscess, perianal �� !
abscess, subphrenic �� !
achalasia �� !"#$%&
adenocarcinoma ��
adenoma ��
adenoma, villous �� !
adhesion ��
aerophagia ��
alanine amino transferaseALT �� �!"#$
alcoholic liver disease �� !"#
alcoholism �� !
alkaline phosphatase
�� !"
ambulatory 24 hour pHmonitoring test ��24��pH��
Digestive System �� !
60 Digestive System
amoebiasis (amoebicdysentery) �� !"
ampulla of Vater �� !"
amylase ��
anal fissure ��
anal sphincter �� !"
anal wart ��
anastomosis ��
anastomotic ulcer �� !"
angiodysplasia �� !"#
anorexia �� !"#$
antacid ��
antacid therapy �� !anterior resection of rectum�� !"
anticholinergic drug�� !"#
antidiarrhoeal drug ��
antiemetic drug �� !
antiviral therapy �� !"
anus ��
appendicectomy �� !"
appendicitis ��
artery ��
artery, coeliac �� !
artery, gastric ��
artery, hepatic ��
artery, inferior mesenteric�� !"#
artery, superior mesenteric�� !"#
ascaris ��
ascites ��
aspartate amino-transferaseAST �� ! "#$%
aspiration �� �!
assimilation ��
bacteria ��
banding, endoscopic �� !��
barium enema �� !"
barium meal �� !
barium swallow �� !"
Barrett’s esophageal
�� !"
belching ��
bezoar ��
bile ��
bile duct ��
bilirubin ��
bilirubin, conjugated�� !"#
bilirubin, unconjugated�� !"#
Urinary/Male Genital System 71
9abscess �� !"
abscess, perinephric�� !"#$
abscess, psoas �� !
agenesis�� !"#$%&'(
anuria ��
ascending urethrogram �� ��
balanitis �� !"# !$
balanoposthitis �� !"# ��
biopsy �� !"
bladder ��
bladder, neurogenic�� !"#
bladder, neurologicaldysfunction�� !"#$%&'
bladder capacity �� !
bladder exstrophy �� !
bladder neck ��
bladder neck suspension ���� !
bougie ��
bouginage �� !
bulbourethral gland(Cowper’s gland) �� !
calcium oxalate ��
calculus �� �
calculus, bladder ��
Urinary/Male Genital System
�� !"#$%&
72 Urinary/Male Genital System
calculus, renal ��
calculus, staghorn�� !"#$�� %
calyx ��
carcinoma �carcinoma, embryonal�� !"#$
carcinoma, epidermoid�� !
carcinoma, renal cell �� !
carcinoma, transitional cell�� !"#
catheter, Foley �� !"
catheter, urine ��
chordee �� !
chyluria ��
circumcision �� !"
claculus, ureteric �� !
clamydia ��
colocystoplasty�� !"#$
colony count �� !
computed tomographyurogram �� !"#$%
condom ��
conduit, gastric �� !
conduit, ileal �� !
continence ��
contusion ��
copora cavernosum
�� !"
corona �� !
creatinine, serum ��
creatinine clearance, serum�� ��
cremasteric reflex �� !
cryptorchidism ��
culture and sensitivity test�� !"#$%&
cyst �� !�
cyst, renal ��
cystectomy �� !"
cystectomy, partial�� !"#$
cystectomy, total�� !"#$
cystitis ��
cystitis, haemorrhagic�� !"#
cystitis, interstial
�� !"#
cystitis, irradiation�� !"#
cystometrogram�� !"#$
cystometry �� !"#
cystoplasty �� !"
cystoplasty, augmentation
�� !"#$
Female Genital System/Obstetrics 79
10abstinence ��
adenoma ��
adnexa uteri �� !
amenorrhoea ��
amniocentesis
amniography �� !
amniotic fluid �� !" #
amniotic fluid embolism�� !
amniotic membrane ��
amniotic sac ��
antenatal care �� !
antepartum haemorrhage�� !
anus ��
Apgar score �� !"#$%
artificial insemination�� !
atony �� !"#$%&
atony, uterine �� !"#
Bartholin's gland ��
bartholinitis �� !
birth trauma �� !Braxton Hicks' contractions�� !"#
caesarean section ��
caput �
carcinoma �
carcinoma, adeno ��
carcinoma, chorio ��
Female Genital System/Obstetrics
�� !"#$%&
80 Female Genital System/Obstetrics
carcinoma, cyst adeno ��
carcinoma, embryonal�� !"#$
carcinoma, squamous cell�� !"
carcinoma, transitional cell�� !"#
cephalopelvic disproportion�� !
cervical biopsy�� !"#$%
cervical os ��
cervix uteri ��
chemotherapy �� !
chorionic villus biopsy
chromosome ��
climacteric ��
clinical staging �� !
clitoris ��
clomiphene citrate�� !"#$%&'
coitus ��
coitus interruptus�� !"#$%&'(
colostomy �� !"# $%&
colporrhaphy �� !"
colposcopy �� !"
condom ��
condyloma acuminatum�� !
contraception ��
contraception, safety period�� !"
contraceptive ��
contraction ��
convulsion �� !" #$
corpus luteum ��
corpus uteri ��
cortex ��
culdocentesis�� !"#$%
culdoscopy �� !"
cystocele ��
cystometrogram�� !"#$
delivery ��
delivery, forceps �� !
delivery, spontaneous ��
delivery, vacuum extraction�� !"#
descensus ��
dilatation �� !
dilatation and curettage ��
discharge �� !�"
discharge, bloody �� !
discharge, purulent �� !
discharge, serous �� !"
Paediatrics 87
11abstinence ��
achondroplasia�� !"#$
acne �� !"
adolescence ��
adrenogenital syndrome�� !"#$%
albinism ��
alkaptonuria ��
allergic rhinitis �� !"�� !"#$%&
ambiguous genitalia�� !"#
amoebiasis �� !
angioedema, hereditary�� !" #$
antenatal ��
appendicitis ��
arthritis, juvenile idiopathic�� !"#$%&
ascariasis ��
asphyxia neonatorum�� !"
asthma ��
ataxia �� !
atrial septal defect�� !"#
autism �� !"#$%&'
BCG ��
battered child syndrome�� !"
Paediatrics ��
88 Paediatrics
biliary atresia �� !
bilirubin ��
bilirubin, conjugated�� !"#
bilirubin, unconjugated�� !"#
birth injury �� !
bone marrow biopsy�� !"#$
booster injection �� !"#
branchial cyst ��
branchial fistula ��
bronchitis �� !
bronchiolitis �� !"#
bronchopulmonary dysplasia �� !"#$
cerebral palsy �� !"
cheilosis ��
chickenpox ��
child abuse �� !
choledochal cyst �� !
chorea ��
chromosome ��
chronic granulimatous disease�� !"#�$%
cleft lip ��
cleft palate ��
clonus ��
coarctation of aorta�� !"
coeliac disease �� common variable
immunodeficiency�� !"#$%&'
congenital ��
congenital atresia of intestine�� !"#$
congenital megacolon(Hirschsprung's disease)�� !"#
convulsion �� �!"
convulsion, febrile �� !"
cremasteric reflex �� !
cretinism ��
croup ��
cryptorchidism ��
cyanosis �� �!
cystic fibrosis �� !"#
��
day care centre �� !"#
development ��
dermatomyositis, juvenile
�� !"
dextrocardia ��
diabetes insipidus ��
Haematological and Lymphatic System 95
acquired immunodeficiencysyndrome (AIDS) �� !�� !"#$%&'(
agranulocytosis�� !"#$%
albumin ��
amyloidosis �� !"
anaemia, anemia ��
anaemia, aplastic�� !"#�� !"#$%&
anaemia, folate-deficiency�� !"
anaemia, haemolytic�� !�
anaemia, hypochromic�� !"#$%
anaemia, iron-deficiency�� !"
anaemia, megaloblastic�� !"#$%
anaemia, microcytic�� !"#$
anaemia, sickle cell�� !"#
anaemia, vitamin B12deficiency�� ! B12 ��
antibody ��
anticoagulation �� !
antigen ��
antithrombin �� !
autoantibody �� !
Haematological andLymphatic System
�� !"#$12
96 Haematological and Lymphatic System
biopsy �� !"
bleeding time �� !
blood ��
blood group ��
blood typing and cross match�� !"#$%�
bone marrow ��
bone marrow biopsy�� !"#$
bone marrow transplant(BMT) �� !
BMT, autologous�� !"#
BMT, allogeneic �� !"#
BMT, unrelated donor�� !"#$
carbon monoxide poisoning�� !"#
chemotherapy �� !
chyle ��
cisterna chyli ��
clotting time �� !
coagulation ��
coagulation defect �� !
coagulation factor �� !
coagulation test �� !
complete blood count (CBC)�� !"#$
congenital ��
Coombs’ test �� !"
cyanosis �� �!
differential count�� !"#$%
ecchymosis ��
eosinophilia�� !"�� !
erythropoiesis �� !"essential thrombocythaemia�� !"#$%
fibrin �� !
fibrinolysis �� !"#
fragility ��
fresh frozen plasma�� !"#
fungal infection �� !
genetic counselling �� !"
genetics ��
glucose 6-phosphatedehydrogenase deficiency6-�� !"#$%&'(
Neurological System 101
13abscess, spinal �� !
abscess, subdural �� !"
acoustic neuroma �� !"
acute brachial neuritis�� ��
acute compression �� !���
acute disseminatedencephalomyelitis �� !�� !
acute haemorrhagicleucoencephalitis �� !�� !"
acute thrombolysis �� !�� !
addiction ��
agnosia �� !"
Alzheimer’s disease�� !"
amaurosis fugax�� !"#$%
amblyopia ��
amnesia �� ��!
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
�� !"#$%&
analgesic ��
analgic �� !"
angioma ��
ankylosing spondylitis�� !"#$%
anosmia �� !
anticoagulation �� !"
anticonvulsant �� !
Neurological System
�� !
102 Neurological System
antidepressant �� !
antiepileptic drugs �� !
antiplatelet agents �� !"
aphasia �� !"
aphonia �� !"
apraxia �� !"
arachnoid ��
argyll Robertson pupil �� -�� !"#
arnold-chiari malformation
�� !"#$%&'(
arteriosclerotic dementia�� !"#$
arteriosclerotic parkinsonism�� !"#$%&'()
arteriovenous malformation�� !"
arteritis ��
astrocytoma �� !"
ataxia �� !"#$
athetoid ��
athetosis �� !"
atlantoaxial dislocation
�� !
auditory ��
autonomic nervous system�� !"#
autonomic neuropathy�� !"
axonotmesis �� !
basal gangalia �� !"
Bell's palsy �� !"#
belpharospasm ��
benign essential tremor�� !�"#
benign intracranialhypertension �� !"#
benign paroxysmal positionalvertigo�� !�"#��
berry aneurysm �� !"#��
bitemporal hemianopia�� !"
blood brain barrier �� !
botulinum toxin ���
brain concussion ��
brain contusion ��
brain death ��
brain laceration ��
brain scan �� !"#
brain stem ��
brainstem auditory evokedpotentials �� !"#$%��
bulbar palsy �� !
burr hole �� !
Musculo-Skeletal System 111
10-second test 10��
abduction ��
acetabulum ��
abscess, cold �� !
achilles tendon �� !"#��
achilles tendonitis �� !"�� !"!#
achondroplasia �� !"#��
acromion ��
adduction ��
adhesive capsulitis �� !"�� !"#$
alar ligament �� !
allograft �� !"#$
amputation ��
amputation, below knee�� !"
amputation, forequarter�� !"
amputation, hindquarter�� !"
ankylosing spondylitis�� !"#$%
ankylosis �� !
ankylosis, bony�� !�"#
ankylosis, fibrous�� !"#$
annulus fibrosus �� !"#
anteflexion ��
anterior longitudinal ligament�� !
14 Musculo-Skeletal System
�� !
112 Musculo-Skeletal System
anterior spinal fusin �� !��
anteversion ��
aponeurosis ��
arm �
anteriovenous malformation�� !
artery ��
arthritis ��
arthritis, gonococcal�� !"#
arthritis, gouty �� !"#
arthritis, haemophilic�� !"#$
arthritis, infectious�� !"#
arthritis, psoriatic�� !"#$
arthritis, pyogenic�� !"#
arthritis, rheumatoid�� !"#
arthritis, suppurative�� !"#
arthritis, septic �� !"
arthritis, tuberculous�� !"#
arthrodesis �� !"
arthrodesis, triple�� !"#$
arthrography �� X ��
arthroplasty �� !"
arthroplasty, excision�� !"#$%
arthroplasty, partialreplacement �� !"#$
arthroplasty, totalreplacement �� !"#
arthroscopy �� !"
arthrotomy �� !"
articulation �� !
atlantoaxial instability �� �� !
atrophy ��
atrophy, Sudeck's�� !"#$
autograft �� !
avascular necrosis �� !"
avulsion ��
axonotmesis �� !"#
biopsy �� !"
bipolar arthroplasty �� !��
bone �
bone, accessory ��
bone, cancellous �� !
bone, carpal ��
bone, clavicle ��
bone, femur ��
Psychiatry 127
15abuse ��
abuse, alcohol �� !
abuse, drug �� !
adaptation ��
addiction ��
adjustment ��
affect �� �!
affection ��
aggression ��
agoraphobia�� !"�� !
alcoholism ��
Alzheimer's disease�� !"
amnesia ��
anorexia ��
anorexia nervosa �� !"#
antidepressant �� !
antisocial personality�� !"#$%&'
anxiety ��
aphrodisiac ��
assessment �� �!
assessment, clinical �� !
association ��
attention deficit disorder�� !"#�� !"#$%&'
autism ��
Psychiatry ��
128 Psychiatry
behaviour ��
behaviour, aggressive�� !
behaviour, ambivalent�� !"#
behaviour, impulsive �� !
behaviour, instinctive�� !
biofeedback �� !
bipolar affective disorder�� !"#$
bulimia ��
catatonic �� !
catharsis ��
character ��
compensation ��
compensation, over �� !
complex, Electra �� !����
complex, inferiority �� !�� !
complex, Oedipus ��
compulsion �� !
concept ��
conditioning �� !"#$
conduct disorder �� !
confabulation �� !
conflict �� !"
consciousness �� !
conversion ��
coping skills �� !"����
counter transference ��
��
day care centre �� !
day hospital �� !
defense mechanism �� !
deinstitutionalization �� ��
delirium ��
delusion ��
dementia ��
denial ��
depression �� !�
depression, involutional�� !"#�� $"
deprivation �� !"
despair ��
developmental disorder�� !"#$%&'!"
disorientation �� !"
displacement ��
dream �
drive ��
dyslexia �� !
dyspareunia �� !
Dentistry 133
16abscess ��
abscess, acute alveolar�� !"#
abutment ��
adenomatoid odontogenictumour �� !"#$
(adeno-adamantoblastoma isold terminology)
alignment ��
alignment, functional�� !"
alloy ��
alveolectomy �� !"#
alveolus ��
alveolus cleft ��
amalgam ��
ameloblastic carcinoma��
ameloblastoma �� !"(adamantinoma,adamantoma,adamantoblastoma are oldterminology)
amelogenesis imperfecta�� !"#
anaesthesia, extraoral�� !"
anaesthesia, inferior alveolarnerve block �� !"#$
anaesthesia, intraoral�� !"
anaesthesia, nerve block�� !"#
analyser, occlusal � �
Dentistry ��
134 Dentistry
anchorage ��
angina, Ludwig's �� !"
angina, Vincent's�� !"#
angioneurotic oedema�� !"#$
ankylosis ��
ankylosis, jaw/temporomandibular joint�� !"#$� %&
anodontia �� !"#
anodontia, partial �� !
aphthae/recurrent aphthousulcer �� !"#$
apicectomy �� !"#
appliance �� !"
appliance, orthodontic�� !
approximal ��
aptyalia, aptyalism ��
articulation�� !" #$%&'
articulator �
attachment, epithelial�� !
attrition ��
atypical facial pain
�� !"#
atypical odontalgia�� !"
B.D.S. (Bachelor of DentalSurgery) �� !"
B.D.Sc. (Bachelor of DentalScience) �� !"
baseplate ��
bicuspid ��
bifurcation ��
bisphosphonate associatedosteonecrosis �� !"#��
bite raising ��
breaker, stress �� !"
bridge �
bridge, cantilever �� !"
bridge, fixed ��
bridge, removable ��
burr �
calcification ��
calculus �� !"#!�$
canal, accessory root ��
canal, inferior dental ��
canal, pulp ��
candidiasis �� !"#$%&
capping, pulp ��
caries �� !
caries, arrested ��
caries, rampant �� !