widyatama.lecture.applied networking.iv week01 mobile networking

8/9/2019 Widyatama.lecture.applied Networking.iv Week01 Mobile Networking

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Applied Networking-IV (2231114)

Lecture Week-1

Mobile Networking Part-1

MobileMonkey1m00

22--FebFeb--1010 Widyatama UniversityWidyatama University--InformaticsInformatics 11

Lecture byLecture by:: Djadja.SardjanaDjadja.Sardjana, S.T., M.M., S.T., M.M.

www.slideshare.net/djadjawww.slideshare.net/djadja


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Wireless & Cellular PlatformWireless & Cellular Platform


TelecomHistory1m01


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Wireless & Cellular BasicWireless & Cellular Basic

Downlink

UplinkHandoff

Multiple Access

Cells DifferentFrequencies or

Codes

Mobile Station

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Multiple Sites Handle Mobile UsersMultiple Sites Handle Mobile Users



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Frequency PlanningFrequency Planning



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Frequency ReuseFrequency Reuse



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MultipleMultiple Access MethodsAccess MethodsFrequency

TDMA: TimeDivision Multiple

CDMA: CodeDivision Multiple

FDMA: FrequencyDivision Multiple

Access

Time

Codes


Wi l t i fWi l t i f


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Wireless systems: overview ofWireless systems: overview of

the developmentthe developmentcellular phones satellites wireless LANcordlessphones

1982:1981:

NMT 450

1980:CT0

1992:GSM

1994:

1987:CT1+

Inmarsat-A

1992:Inmarsat-BInmarsat-M

1989:CT 2

1991:DECT 199x:

proprietary

1997:IEEE 802.11

1988:Inmarsat-C

1991:D-AMPS

1991:CDMA

1986:NMT 900

1984:CT1

1983:AMPS

1993:PDC

Widyatama UniversityWidyatama University--InformaticsInformatics

2001:IMT-2000

1998:

Iridium1999:

802.11b, Bluetooth

analogue

digital

2000:GPRS

2000:IEEE 802.11a

200?:

Fourth Generation(eg. WIMAX, LTE )

22--FebFeb--1010 88


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SYSTEM EVOLUTION SCENARIOSYSTEM EVOLUTION SCENARIO

10001000

1st Generation

Analog voice

2nd Generation

Digital voice &

Low rate data

3rd Generation

WLAN++

Generation

(Cellular)

4th Generation

ALL-IP Broadband

Ubiquitous & SeamlessVoice & High speed

data

Multimedia

Maximum

transmissi

Maximum

transmissi

Maximum

transmissi

Maximum

transmissi

Maximum

transmissi

Maximum

transmissi

Maximum

transmissi

Maximum

transmissi

100100

10103G+

HSDPA,cdma2000(3X), etc.

4GWLAN

802.11a,HiSWANa,

HIPRELAN2, etc.

UWB, etc.

WLAN+802.11n, etc.

Nomadic

WiMAX

n

on

on

n

n

on

on

nrate

rate

rate

rate

rate

rate

rate

rate

YearYear

11

0.10.1

0.010.0120002000 20052005 20102010 2015201519901990

2G+PDC,GSM,PHS, etc.

2GPDC,GSM,PHS, etc.

W-CDMA,Cdma2000, etc.

19951995

Bluetooth, etc.

Mobile

Local



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Wireless StandardsWireless Standards

SensorsIEEE 802.15.4(Zigbee Alliance) RFID(AutoID Center)

RAN

WAN

MANIEEE 802.16d

WiMAXETSI HiperMAN &

HIPERACCESS

IEEE 802.20IEEE 802.16e

3GPP (GPRS/UMTS)3GPP2 (1X--/CDMA2000)

GSMA, OMA

IEEE 802.22

IEEE 802.15.3UWB, Bluetooth

Wi-Media,BTSIG, MBOA

LAN

PAN ETSIHiperPAN

IEEE 802.11Wi-Fi Alliance

ETSI-BRANHiperLAN2



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Wireless networks inWireless networks in

comparison to fixed networkscomparison to fixed networks

Restrictive regulations of frequenciesRestrictive regulations of frequencies

Low transmission ratesLow transmission rates

Higher delays, higher jitterHigher delays, higher jitter

Lower security, simpler active attackingLower security, simpler active attacking


Always shared mediumAlways shared medium

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What is GlobalWhat is Global System for MobileSystem for Mobile

communications (GSM)communications (GSM) 900/1800 MHz band (US: 850/1900 MHz)900/1800 MHz band (US: 850/1900 MHz)

Uplink: 890Uplink: 890--915915

Downlink: 935Downlink: 935--960960

25 MHz bandwidth25 MHz bandwidth -- 124 carrier frequency channels,124 carrier frequency channels,spaced 200KHz apartspaced 200KHz apart

Time Division Multi lexin for 8 full rate s eech channelsTime Division Multi lexin for 8 full rate s eech channels

per frequency channel.per frequency channel. Circuit Switched Data with data rate of 9.6 kbpsCircuit Switched Data with data rate of 9.6 kbps

Handset transmission power limited to 2 W inHandset transmission power limited to 2 W in

GSM850/900 and 1 W in GSM1800/1900.GSM850/900 and 1 W in GSM1800/1900.22--FebFeb--1010 1212Widyatama UniversityWidyatama University--InformaticsInformatics


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GSM ArchitectureGSM Architecture



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What is UMTSWhat is UMTS and 3Gand 3G

(WCDMA & HSPA)(WCDMA & HSPA) Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS)Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) -- WCDMAWCDMA

as the underlying interfaceas the underlying interface

rates per user 384kbps)rates per user 384kbps) Frequency bandsFrequency bands

18851885--2025 Mhz (uplink), 21102025 Mhz (uplink), 2110--2200 Mhz (downlink)2200 Mhz (downlink) US: 1710US: 1710--1755 MHz and 21101755 MHz and 2110--2155 MHz2155 MHz

WW--CDMA has 5 Mhz wide radio channels (CDMA2000 transmits onCDMA has 5 Mhz wide radio channels (CDMA2000 transmits onone or several pairs of 1.25 Mhz radio channels).one or several pairs of 1.25 Mhz radio channels).

HSDPA allows networks based on UMTS to have higher data ratesHSDPA allows networks based on UMTS to have higher data rates1.8. 3.6 7.2 14.4 Mb s via AMC and HARQ fast acket1.8. 3.6 7.2 14.4 Mb s via AMC and HARQ fast acket

scheduling.scheduling. UMTS air interface forms Generic Radio Access Network (GeRAN)UMTS air interface forms Generic Radio Access Network (GeRAN)

which can be connected to various backbone networks like thewhich can be connected to various backbone networks like theInternet, ISDN, GSM or UMTS.Internet, ISDN, GSM or UMTS.

Using PCMCIA or USB card, or cellular router customers are able toUsing PCMCIA or USB card, or cellular router customers are able to

access 3G broadband servicesaccess 3G broadband services



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UMTS ArchitectureUMTS Architecture



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What isWhat is WiMAXWiMAX??

A Wireless TechnologyA Wireless Technology optimisedoptimisedfor the delivery of IP Centricfor the delivery of IP CentricServicesServices

Over the Wide AreaOver the Wide Area A Certification that denotesA Certification that denotes

Interoperability of equipment builtInteroperability of equipment builtto the IEEE 802.16 or compatibleto the IEEE 802.16 or compatiblestandard.standard.

AA ScalableScalable Wireless platform forWireless platform for

complementary Broadbandcomplementary BroadbandNetworks.Networks.

Low Cost and RiskLow Cost and Risk--FreeFree

Broadband Wireless SolutionsBroadband Wireless Solutionsfrom Multiple Vendorsfrom Multiple Vendors22--FebFeb--1010 1616Widyatama UniversityWidyatama University--InformaticsInformatics


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IEEE 802.16* STANDARDIEEE 802.16* STANDARD802.16-2004 (rev d) 802.16e

Completed 802.16- 2004: July 2004 mid 2005

Spectrum

< z

Licensed & Unlicensed

< z < z prac ca

Licensed (& Unlicensed)

User modelFixed

Receiver: fixed

Pedestrian Mobility > Vehicular mobility

Receiver: in the notebook

Channel Conditions Non Line of Sight

Peak Raw data rateUp to 75 Mbps with 20MHz channels

4-18 Mbps in 5 MHz channels

Up to 75 Mbps with 20MHz channels

Full mobility:

80% erformance of fixed usa e model

Channel Bandwidth Flexible channel bandwidths between 1.25 and 20 MHz

Range at 2.5 GHz

(typical cell)

2 to 10 km semi-rural

2 to 5 km urban/suburban

(frequency dependent significantly better

for 700MHz)Max range 35 km at 700 MHz

Nomadic/Mobile

Urban/Suburban/Semi-rural

1 5 km (indoor)

2 7 km (outdoor)



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WiMAXWiMAX Perception & RealityPerception & Reality



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The WiMAX RoadmapThe WiMAX Roadmap20042004 Going ForwardGoing Forward

Fixed Outdoor Fixed Indoor

Solution Characteristics

CPE Native in Mobile PC

User can roam within theservice area at varyingspeeds

Applications

Mobile Broadbandaccess for consumers


Fixed location

Installed outside ofsubscribers house

Requires truck roll

Applications

E1/T1 Level Service forEnterprises


Consumer self install,auto provisioning

Portable can moveCPE to another location

in service area

Applications

Last Mile Broadbandaccess for consumers

1919

ways est onnecte

(SNS)

Backhaul for Hotspots

Fractional E1/T1 for SMB Limited residential

broadband access(early adopters, rural,developing countries)

Portable broadband

access

22--FebFeb--1010 Widyatama UniversityWidyatama University--InformaticsInformatics

Wi l N t k E tWi l N t k E t


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Wireless Network EcosystemWireless Network Ecosystem

IMS



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NGNNGN: Beyond 3G: Beyond 3G

Video telephony and multimedia conferencing, IM, videoVideo telephony and multimedia conferencing, IM, videostreaminstreamin amon hi h drivers foramon hi h drivers for NGNNGN

Essential System recommendationsEssential System recommendations Seamless mobility across all bearers with service continuitySeamless mobility across all bearers with service continuity

through a min of 120 km/hthrough a min of 120 km/h

Peak uplink data rates 30Peak uplink data rates 30--50 Mbps50 Mbps

Peak > 100Mbps downlinkPeak > 100Mbps downlink

Latency core < 10ms, RAN


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ConvergenceConvergence

Heterogeneous access technologiesHeterogeneous access technologies

--

Dual mode phones (Dual mode phones (WiFiWiFi, 2.5/3G), UMA, 2.5/3G), UMA

Heterogeneous ServicesHeterogeneous Services

Cellular Internet access and Internet basedCellular Internet access and Internet basedvoice/video accessvoice/video access

Time variant heterogeneous network characteristicsTime variant heterogeneous network characteristics

Heterogeneous applications with different utilitiesHeterogeneous applications with different utilities

System design and networking challengesSystem design and networking challenges22--FebFeb--1010 2727Widyatama UniversityWidyatama University--InformaticsInformatics

Network TransformationNetwork Transformation


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Fixed Core

Fixed

Access

Aggregation

Network TransformationNetwork TransformationMobile CS Core

Mobile

Access

Mobile PS CoreIP Core

Transport

Fixed Network

Converged Network

Operation and Business Support Systems

Mobile NetworkData Network

- Service Core andand Aggregation

Applications



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Mobile ApplicationMobile Application



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Application Characteristic (1)Application Characteristic (1)

Voice Data

PacketSwitched

Controlled Semi-Organic

Technology

Evolution

Circuit Switched Analog

Circuit Switched Digital

C.S. Voice + P.S. Data

Good PoorMobility

Support

New ServicesOperator initiated orpartnered

Third party/independent (largely)



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Application Characteristic (2)Application Characteristic (2)

Voice Data

Informationrates forsupportingservices

Low Relatively high

ost y a sent(Poor)

Cost HigherLower


Market Sectors for Wireless ApplicationsMarket Sectors for Wireless Applications


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Market Sectors for Wireless ApplicationsMarket Sectors for Wireless Applications


ApplicationsApplications--11


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ApplicationsApplications 11

VehiclesVehicles transmission of news, road condition, weather, music via DABtransmission of news, road condition, weather, music via DAB

personal communication using GSMpersonal communication using GSM

pos t on v apos t on v a local adlocal ad--hoc network with vehicles closehoc network with vehicles close--by to prevent accidents,by to prevent accidents,

guidance system, redundancyguidance system, redundancy

vehicle data (e.g., from busses, highvehicle data (e.g., from busses, high--speed trains) can bespeed trains) can be

transmitted in advance for maintenancetransmitted in advance for maintenance EmergenciesEmergencies

earl transmission of atient data to the hos ital, current status,earl transmission of atient data to the hos ital, current status,first diagnosisfirst diagnosis

replacement of a fixed infrastructure in case of earthquakes,replacement of a fixed infrastructure in case of earthquakes,hurricanes, fire etc.hurricanes, fire etc.

crisis, war, ...crisis, war, ...


ApplicationsApplications 22


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ApplicationsApplications--22

Travelling salesmenTravelling salesmen

direct access to customer files stored in a central locationdirect access to customer files stored in a central location

mobile officemobile office

Replacement of fixed networksReplacement of fixed networks

remote sensors, e.g., weather, earth activitiesremote sensors, e.g., weather, earth activities

flexibility for trade showsflexibility for trade shows LANs in historic buildingsLANs in historic buildings

Entertainment, education, ...Entertainment, education, ...


intelligent travel guide with upintelligent travel guide with up--toto--datedatelocation dependent informationlocation dependent information

adad--hoc networks forhoc networks formulti user gamesmulti user games

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Typical application: road trafficTypical application: road traffic


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Typical application: road trafficTypical application: road traffic

UMTS, WLAN,DAB, DVB, GSM,cdma2000, TETRA, ...


Personal Travel Assistant,PDA, Laptop,GSM, UMTS, WLAN,Bluetooth, ...

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Mobile and wireless servicesMobile and wireless services


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Always Best ConnectedAlways Best ConnectedLAN100 Mbit/s,WLAN54 Mbit/s

UMTS, GSM115 kbit/sGSM/GPRS 53 kbit/s

Bluetooth 500 kbit/sDSL/ WLAN3 Mbit/s

UMTS2 Mbit/s


UMTS, GSM384 kbit/s

GSM 115 kbit/s,

WLAN 11 Mbit/s

GSM/EDGE 384 kbit/s,DSL/WLAN 3 Mbit/s

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Location dependent servicesLocation dependent services


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Location dependent servicesLocation dependent services

Location aware servicesLocation aware services

what services, e.g., printer, fax, phone, server etc. exist in the localwhat services, e.g., printer, fax, phone, server etc. exist in the local

FollowFollow--on serviceson services automatic callautomatic call--forwarding, transmission of the actual workspace to theforwarding, transmission of the actual workspace to the

current locationcurrent location

Information servicesInformation services

push: e.g., current special offers in the supermarketpush: e.g., current special offers in the supermarket

pull: e.g., where is the Black Forrest Cherry Cake?pull: e.g., where is the Black Forrest Cherry Cake?

Su ort servicesSu ort services

caches, intermediate results, state information etc. follow the mobilecaches, intermediate results, state information etc. follow the mobiledevice through the fixed networkdevice through the fixed network

PrivacyPrivacy

who should gain knowledge about the locationwho should gain knowledge about the location



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Conclusion & Final WordsConclusion & Final Words


TelecomFuture5m00

WimaxCaseStudy

Which distinctiveHow should technologyd i i b


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6

1

technologicalcompetences and

capabilities arenecessary?

and innovation beorganized and

managed?

53

2

Which

technologiesshould be

used toimplement

product and

service?

When, how andwhere should new

technology beintroduced to the

market?

QuestionsQuestionsTechnologyTechnology

Strategy ShouldStrategy ShouldAnswerAnswer


4What should be thelevel and timing of

investment in

technologydevelopment?

Should technologiesbe sourced internally

or externally?

Source: Burgelman, Strategic Management of Technology and Innovation

M ki d I tiM ki d I ti


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Mankind InnovationMankind Innovation

A very popularA very popular

nnova onnnova on o ay s e o ay s e Cell Phone.Cell Phone.

In 1979, the first commercial cellularphone system began operation inTokyo. -- By the end of 2004, the numberof wireless subscribers in the USA

surpassed 180.5 million.


Th STh S C f I iC f I i


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The SThe S--Curve of InnovationCurve of Innovation

Physical limit

erformanc

eparameter New

InventionPeriod

TechnologyImprovementPeriod

MatureTechnologyPeriod

Embryonic Growth Maturity Aging

22--FebFeb--1010 4141

Technolog

yp

Time


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