what is a sentence? mrs. marino houghton mifflin, reading, grade 3 extra support handbook pages...
TRANSCRIPT
What is a Sentence?
Mrs. MarinoHoughton Mifflin, Reading, grade 3
Extra Support HandbookPages 20-21
Bare Bones
• Capital letter at the beginning• Subject: noun or subject pronoun• Predicate: verb• Punctuation
That’s all?
No, but don’t race ahead of
me!
Let Me Explain• Noun: Names a person, place, thing, or idea
• Person: common noun or proper noun– Common: girl, boy– Proper: Emma, Donald
• Place: common noun or proper noun– Common: school– Proper: John L. Golden Elementary
• Thing: common noun or proper noun– Common: dog– Proper: Tea Cup Chihuahua
• Idea: common noun– friendship, love, courage, bravery
Here’s More• Pronoun: This word takes the place of a noun
or nouns. They can be singular or plural.
• Example: – The teacher greeted the students.– She greeted the students.
• There are three types of pronouns:– Subject pronoun: This does the action.
• I, you, he, she, they, we, it
– Object pronoun: This receives the action.• me, you, him, her, us, them
– Possessive Pronouns: These show ownership.• my, your, his, her, its, our, their
Let’s Have Some Action
• Verb: Shows action or links ideas • There are 3 types of verbs:
– Action verbs tell what the subject is doing.• watches, jumps, reading, listening (some examples)
– Linking verbs link the subject to a word in the predicate part of the sentence.
• am, are, be, been, is, was, were
– Helping verbs come before the main verb, and help state an action or show time.
• can, could, did, do, had, has, have, may, should, will, would
Let’s Practice
• Thumbs up = a complete sentence• Thumbs down = not a sentence
• Wendell and Floyd were in the office.• entered the office• lost a hat• Her feet were visible.• A moment later
Literature Focus
• “The Lunch Room” (Reader’s Library)• Walk through the story with me• Illustrations• Predict the sequence of events,
based on the illustrations• Use signal words: first, next, and at
last
Sentence Expanders
• Add details• Subject expanders• Predicate expanders• Prepositions• Conjunctions• Interjections
Sentence Expanders
Subject expanders:– Adjectives describe a noun or pronoun.
•Sensory adjectives tell what kind.•Number adjectives tell how many.•Articles are adjectives.•Describes one noun (positive form)
•Compares two nouns (comparative form)
•Compares three or more nouns (superlative form)
AdjectivesPositive Comparative Superlative
wrinkled more wrinkled most wrinkled
small smaller smallest
graceful more graceful most graceful
Special Form Special Form Special Form
good better best
bad worse worst
many more most
Comparative: add “than” after the word, -er, or “more” before the word
Superlative: add –est at the end of the word or “most” before the word
Special Form: The words change spelling.
Adverbs
• Adverbs describe a verb, or tells how an action is done.– Time: how often or when action is done
• often, yesterday
– Place: where something happens• nearby, outside
– How: how something is done• brightly, silently
– Why: why something is done • “to get some sleep”, “because he was hungry”
Prepositions
• A preposition is a word that introduces a prepositional phrase.
about around by like outside under
above at during near over underneath
across before for of past until
after behind from off since up
against below in on through with
along beneath inside onto to within
among between into out of toward without
I am asleep under the
desk.
The fly is over my head as I rest on
the desk!
I’m hiding inside the drawer.
I am near the desk.
I’m flying
around
the cat!
Two More• Conjunctions connect words or groups of words.
– after, before, until, where, because, since, when, while• Coordinate Conjunctions:
– and, but, or, nor, for, so, yet– “Or” connects two words.– “And” connects two phrases.– “But” connects two simple sentences. (Place a comma after the first
sentence.)
• Interjections are words or phrases used to express strong emotions or surprise. It is followed by an exclamation point or a comma.– Hey! Hold on!– Wow, look at him go!
Assessment
• Teacher observation• Daily work• Daily writing• Informal discussions• Literature selections• Theme Skills tests• Daily language activities