what is a microorganism? micro – very small; organism – living thing. a very small, living thing
TRANSCRIPT
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What is a microorganism?
Micro – very small; organism – living thing.
A very small, living thing.
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Let’s look at examples of
microorganisms.
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Bacteria
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Bacteria are single-celled organisms (made of one
cell).
They are found everywhere.
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Bacteria come in three shapes.
Round (coccus)
Rod (bacillus)Spiral (spirillum)
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Some are producers.
(Producer – makes own food)
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Other bacteria are consumers.
(Consumer - Has to find food and eat it.)
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Beneficial uses of bacteria.
Provide nitrogen for plants. Fixes the soil (changes the nitrogen to a form the plant can use).
Get minerals from ores.
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Beneficial uses of bacteria.
Used to make plastics and laundry detergents.
Help make antibiotics.
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Beneficial uses of bacteria.
Yogurt
SauerkrautPickles
Olives
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Beneficial uses of bacteria.
Chocolate
CheeseSoy Sauce
Vinegar
Ketchup
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Why Swiss Cheese Has Holes
.
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Harmful effects of bacteria.
Cause Diseases (<1% of bacteria cause diseases)
Three ways to get disease. Through air (breathe in). Through touch. Eating contaminated food.
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Harmful effects of bacteria.
Examples of bacterial diseases. Dental caries (cavities). Strep throat. Salmonella. Typhoid fever.
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Harmful effects of bacteria.
Causes disease in farm animals.
Causes metal to rust and wear away.
Click here for Bacteria Eating the Titanic
.
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Can Bacteria Get Sick
?
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How to prevent diseases.
Vaccinations.
Antibiotics.
Wash hands after using bathroom or whenever dirty.
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How to prevent diseases.
Cook food properly.
Store food properly.
Cover mouth when sneezing, coughing.
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Click here for Germs.Click here for How Dirty are Bathrooms
?Click here for the Proper way to Use TP
.
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Click here for the Surprise Toothbrush
.
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Click here for the Five-Second Rule
.http://videos.howstuffworks.com/university-of-florida/4112-nuke-your-sponge-video.htm
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Click here for How Bacteria Become Drug Resistant
.
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When you see a pond, you see
a lot of life!
Photo source: Hobo’s Pond B&B
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Much of it, you can’t see!
Photo source: Hobo’s Pond B&B
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It’s too small for you to see.
To see it, you will need a microscope.
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This is the world of the protozoan
(protist).
Photo source: University of Winnipeg, Dr. Simmons’ protist webpage
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Note: All protists live in water.
Photo source: University of Winnipeg, Dr. Simmons’ protist webpage
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Let’s examine three different examples of protozoans.
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The Amoeba
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The amoeba is among the most primitive of all
organisms.
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The amoeba has an irregular shape.
(In other words, its shape always
changes.)
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It moves using a pseudopod (false foot).
It’s clear (you can see through it).
The amoeba is a consumer.
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The Amoeba
Staples High School, West Port, CT, Mr. Lazaroff’s webpage
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The Paramecium
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The paramecium is an oval shaped protozoan.
It moves using tiny hair-like appendages
called cilia.
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It is a pale, translucent color.
It is a consumer.
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Biology Teaching & Learning Resources - Biological Drawings: Protista. Paramecium
The Paramecium
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The Euglena
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The Euglena is an oval-shaped protozoan.
It moves using a tail-like structure
called a flagellum.
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The Euglena is green.
It is primarily a producer, but can be a consumer.
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The Euglena
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Click here Monsters Inside Me: Eaten From The Inside Out
.
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Algae
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Algae can be microscopic to 150 feet long.
Source: Scribemedia.orgc
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Algae are producers.
Source: http://bennettkids.homestead.com/mrsbennetthome.
html
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Algae are an important food
source for sea life.
Source: eFuse.com
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Algae provide over 50% of the oxygen
we breathe.
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Benefits of AlgaeUsed in …
livestock feed. cosmetics. prescription drug production. identifying possible
environmental problems
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Benefits of AlgaeFood Production
Sushi Ice cream Salad dressing Syrup (thickener)
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Fungi
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Consumer. Must find and eat food.
Eats by absorbing food.
Decomposer Feeds on and breaks down dead
plant or animal matter.
Can be from single-celled to largest organism alive.
Can’t move.
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Examples. Mushrooms. Truffles.
A mushroom like fungus that grown underground; primarily found in Europe; a highly valued food.
Lichen Fungus often found as white
or yellow patches on old walls, etc.
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Benefits of FungiUsed to make chemicals used in
manufacturing.
Produce antibiotics (example – penicillin).
Clean the environment.
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Benefits of Fungi
Food production. Cheese Mushrooms Yeast Truffles Soy sauce
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Click here HowStuffWorks Show:
Bread Making.
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Harmful Effects of Fungi
Causes 70% of all crop diseases.
Diseases in humans. Respiratory (lung) diseases
(example – pneumonia). Athlete’s foot. Ringworm (makes a raised round
circle that looks like it was caused by a worm).
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When is Cheese Mold Good or Bad
?
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The presentation ends here.