what factors do you think are responsible for teens using cigarettes and marijuana?

Section 17.3 Commonly Abused Drugs

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What factors do you think are responsible for teens using cigarettes and marijuana?


4 Drug Classifications1. Depressants

2. Stimulants

3. Hallucinogens

4. Anabolic Steroids

Exception of anabolic steroid, drugs in the classes are used to alter mood, thought, and feeling.

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Drug DependencyPhysical dependence:

• Using the drug repeatedly makes the body need the drug to continue working

• Will result in withdrawal when stop using

Psychological Dependence:

• The users feels a “need” or “craves” the drug

• They believe they cannot function without the drug

• Can last longer than physical dependence

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Drug TermsWithdrawal- the body’s reaction to suddenly no longer

getting that drug• Can be life threatening, must already have a

dependency on the drug

Tolerance- the body’s reaction, or the effect of the drug, is lessened because of repeated use

• It is reversible, can be both physical and psychological, depends on type of drug

Synthetic- made artificially, not naturally occurring

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• A psychoactive drug that slows brain and body reactions is called a depressant.

Depressants

• Depressants slow body functions by decreasing heart and breathing rates and lowering blood pressure.

Examples:1. Alcohol2. Codeine3. Oxycodone4. Morphine5. Marijuana6. Heroin


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• Marijuana is one of the most frequently abused psychoactive drugs.

Effects of Marijuana

• Its main ingredient changes the way information reaches and is acted upon by the brain.

• Side effects of marijuana use include

• distorted perceptions

• difficulties with thinking and problem solving

• loss of motor coordination

• increased heart rate

• feelings of anxiety or paranoia


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• A stimulant is a drug that speeds up activities of the central nervous system.

Stimulants

• Stimulants increase

• Physicians sometimes prescribe certain stimulants to treat sleep disorders and behavioral disorders.

• heart rate

• blood pressure

• breathing rate

• alertness


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• Amphetamines (am FET uh meenz) are prescription drugs that are sometimes sold illegally as “speed” or “uppers.”

Amphetamines

• Amphetamine abuse produces feelings of well-being and high energy.

• The effects wear off quickly and the abuser is often left feeling depressed.


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• A stimulant that is related to amphetamines, but is even more powerful, is methamphetamine.

Methamphetamine

• Methamphetamine initially produces a rush, or “high.”

• But, after the rush wears off, the user may become

• confused

• shaky

• anxious

• irritable

• violent


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• Cocaine is a powerful but short-acting stimulant.

Cocaine

• Cocaine is highly addictive.

• When cocaine’s effects wear off, abusers often experience depression, which can be severe.

• Crack is the strongest form of cocaine.

Other example:caffeine, nicotine, speed


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• A hallucinogen (huh LOO sih nuh jun) is a drug that distorts perception, thought, and mood.

Hallucinogens

• Hallucinogens overload the brain with sensory information, causing a distorted sense of reality.

• Abusers

• cannot tell what is real

• may experience memory loss and personality changes

• may be unable to perform normal activities

• may lose track of time and their surroundings


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• The strongest known hallucinogen is lysergic acid diethylamide, or LSD.

LSD

• LSD’s effects are unpredictable—it can either stimulate or depress the central nervous system.

• Abusers experience hallucinations in which they may see colorful visions and mistakenly feel they have superhuman powers.

Mushrooms

• The effects of psilocybin are much like those of LSD, but not as strong.

• Psilocybin is a chemical found in a certain type of mushroom.


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• One of the most dangerous of all drugs is PCP, short for phencyclidine.

PCP

• Because the drug eliminates the sensation of pain, abusers may unintentionally injure or even kill themselves.

• Some PCP abusers develop signs of schizophrenia.


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• Three classes of drugs that are of growing concern in recent years are club drugs, inhalants, and anabolic steroids.

Club Drugs, Inhalants, and Steroids

• The effects of club drugs and inhalants are extremely unpredictable and dangerous.

• Abuse of steroids causes lifelong damage to the body and brain.


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• Club drugs got their name from the fact that they first gained popularity at dance clubs and raves.

Club Drugs

• Their effects are different from person to person and very dangerous.

• While under the effects of rohypnol (roh HYP nawl), a person may be hurt or raped and not even be able to recall the event later on.


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• Anabolic steroids are synthetic drugs that are similar to the hormone testosterone.

Anabolic Steroids

• Steroids are abused primarily by people who want bigger muscles.

• Steroids can make a user’s personality very aggressive.

• Some steroid users become severely depressed.


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A breathable chemical vapor that produces mind-altering effects is called an inhalant (in HAYL unt).

Inhalants


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Vocabulary

depressant A drug that slows brain and body reactions.

barbiturates A class of depressant drugs; also called sedative-hypnotics.

opiate Any drug made from psychoactive compounds contained in the seed pods of poppy plants.

heroin An illegal opiate made from morphine in a laboratory.

stimulant A type of drug that increases the activity of the nervous system.

amphetamines Prescription drugs that are sometimes sold illegally as “speed” or “uppers.”


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Vocabulary

methamphetamine A stimulant that is related to amphetamines, but is even more powerful.

cocaine A drug that is a powerful but short-acting stimulant.

hallucinogen A drug that distorts perception, thought, and mood.

marijuana A drug made from the leaves, stems, and flowering tops of the hemp plant.

club drugs Drugs that first gained popularity at dance clubs and raves.

inhalant A breathable chemical vapor that produces mind-altering effects.


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End of Section 17.3

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what factors do you think are responsible for teens using cigarettes and marijuana?

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