what challenges do washington & adams face as president?
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Launching the New Nation. What challenges do Washington & Adams face as President?. Washington’s Administration (1789-1797 ). Washington wins every state and electoral vote, chooses a very politically diverse cabinet. 1. Vice president (2 nd place finisher overall) - John Adams - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
What challenges do Washington & Adams face as President?
Launching the New Nation
Washington’s Administration (1789-1797)
1. Vice president (2nd place finisher overall) -
John Adams
2. Secretary of State (foreign affairs) –
Thomas Jefferson
3. Secretary of Treasury (manage finances)– Alexander Hamilton
4. Secretary of War (military matters) –
Henry Knox
•Washington wins every state and electoral vote, chooses a very politically diverse cabinet
Hamilton v. Jefferson
Hamilton Jefferson
Political Party Federalist Democratic-Republican
Major Writing Federalist Papers Declaration of Independence
National Bank Favored – Fed gov will fund & print money
Claimed it to be unconstitutional
Economic Theory shipping & manufacturing – pay Fed & State debts
Agricultural, pay only fed debt
Fears Mob rule Absolute power
Supporters Wealthy/Mid class Farmers, poor
The Whiskey Rebellion, 1794
Hamilton pushes a tax on Whiskey
Whiskey producers in W. Penn refuse to pay, attack tax collectors Washington sends in 13K troops to end the conflict
Sig: Fed Gov has authority to collect taxes
International Issues
2. Pinckney’s Treaty (1795) Dispute between Spain & US over land + access to Miss Riv Spain agrees to give up all land east of Mississippi, except
Florida, and access to Mississippi River + New Orleans
Help us!
No! Help us!
1. 1793: Britain & France at war
•Dem-Reps (Jefferson) say join w/ France, Federalists (Hamilton) say join w/ Britain
•Washington keeps US neutral
We’ll stay neutral
End of an era Washington gives up Presidency after two terms
Election of John Adams
•1796: Adams barely beats Jefferson
AdamsAdams
JeffersonJefferson
71
68
Frees all of his slaves upon death (shortly after leaving office)
Who replaces Washington? Adams vs. Jefferson
3. Jay’s Treaty (1795)
•British still manning forts in NW territory and helping Nat Ams
•British also taking US ships, Jay’s treaty only solves land issue
Alien & Sedition Acts
Most immigrants critical of Adams, many voted for Jefferson
•Jefferson & Madison say Adams misusing his power
•VA & KY Resolutions nullify Alien and Sedition Acts (against 1st Amend)
•Can states use nullification against unconstitutional federal laws??
Virginia & Kentucky Resolutions
Adams has Congress pass new laws: 1) Citizenship raised from 5 to 14 years 2) Jailing/deportation of undesirables
VP Jefferson very critical of Adams, esp XYZ affair